.\" $NetBSD: xcu5,v 1.2 1999/06/01 04:42:13 jwise Exp $
.de xopen
.Tn X/Open
..
.de gnu
.Tn GNU
..
.Sh Chapter 3 - Utilities
Note that most (all?) of the utilities provided with NetBSD do not provide
internationalized diagnostic messages.  This is not a violation of the
.xopen
standards, as
.St -xbd5
does not require that any locale other than the
.Tn POSIX
locale be available, but it is an area where much improvement is possible.
.
.\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"  Macros for Chapter 3
.\"
.\" Common text for the various SCCS utilities
.de sccs
.Nm \\$1
is part of the
.Tn SCCS
suite of tools which are not
provided with
.Nx ,
or in pkgsrc.
.Tn RCS ,
provided with
.Nx ,
and
.Tn CVS ,
provided in pkgsrc, provide alternate forms of version
control.
..
.\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.\" Text indicating a utility has not been checked yet
.\"
.de unfinished
.Em Unfinished
..
.\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.\" Text indicating that a utility is not provided.
.\"
.de notprovided
The
.Nm \\$1
utility is not provided by
.Nx
or in pkgsrc.
..
.\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.\" Text indicating that a utility is fully compliant with XCU5
.\"
.de compliant
.Nm \\$1
as provided by
.Nx
is fully compliant with
.St -xcu5 .
..
.\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.\" Text indicating that a utility is not compliant with XCU5
.\"
.de notcompliant
.Nm \\$1
as provided by
.Nx
is not compliant with
.St -xcu5 .
..
.\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.\" Text indicating that a utility is one of the utilities from item 1c. on page 47
.\" and is provided as such
.\"
.de builtin
Under
.Nx ,
.Nm \\$1
is provided as a builtin utility by the
.Nx
standard shell,
.Nm /bin/sh ,
and is located for execution in the manner described on page 47
of
.St -xcu5 .
..
.\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.\" Beginning of Chapter 3
.\"
.\" ---- admin ----
.Ss admin - create and administer SCCS files (DEVELOPMENT)
.notprovided admin
.Pp
.sccs admin
.
.Ss alias - define or display aliases
.compliant alias
.Pp
.builtin alias
.
.\" ---- ar ----
.Ss ar - create and maintain library archives
.Nx
uses the
.gnu
version of
.Nm ar ,
which is not compliant with
.St -xcu5 .
.Pp
In particular,
.gnu
.Nm ar
assumes that all
.Ar file
operands are object files.  In addition, the
.Fl r
and
.Fl q
flags are synonymous, and the
.Fl C
and
.Fl T
flags of
.xopen
.Nm ar
are not implemented.
.Pp
The
.Fl o , S ,
and
.Fl V
flags of
.gnu
.Nm ar
are compatible extensions to the
.xopen
specification.
.
.\" ---- asa ----
.Ss asa - interpret carriage-control characters
.compliant asa
.
.\" ---- at ----
.Ss at - execute commands at a later time
.notcompliant at
.Pp
In particular,
.Nx
.Nm at
does not implement the
.Fl t
flag of
.xopen
.Nm at ,
and the access control files of
.Nx at
are stored in
.Pa /var/at
rather than
.Pa /usr/lib/cron .
.Nx
.Nm at
also uses a different output format at job submission time and
when invoked with the
.Fl l
flag than that specified by
.St -xcu5 .
.Pp
In addition, the time grammar of
.Nx
.Nm at
is not completely compatible with that of
.xopen
.Nm at ,
including lack of support for timezone specifications.
As a compatible extension to the
.xopen
specification time grammar for
.Nm at ,
.Nx
.Nm at
allows the use of
.Li teatime ,
meaning 4:00 PM,
in place of
.Li noon
or
.Li midnight .
.
.\" ---- awk ----
.Ss awk - pattern scanning and processing language
.\" documentation of awk will wait for a decision to be reached
.\" whether to stay with gawk 2.x, import gawk 3.x, or move
.\" to a later gawk release
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- basename ----
.Ss basename - return non-directory portion of a pathname
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- batch ----
.Ss batch - execute commands when the system load permits
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- bc ----
.Ss bc - arbitrary precision arithmetic language
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- bg ----
.Ss bg - run jobs in the background
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- c89 ----
.Ss c89 - compile standard C programs
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cal ----
.Ss cal - print a calendar
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- calendar ----
.Ss calendar - reminder service (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cancel ----
.Ss cancel - cancel printer requests (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cat ----
.Ss cat - concatenate and print files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cc ----
.Ss cc - a C language compilation system
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cd ----
.Ss cd - change the working directory
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cflow ----
.Ss cflow - generate a C-language flowgraph (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- chgrp ----
.Ss chgrp - change the file group ownership
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- chmod ----
.Ss chmod - change the file modes
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- chown ----
.Ss chown - change the file ownership
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cksum ----
.Ss cksum - write file checksums and sizes
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cmp ----
.Ss cmp - compare two files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- col ----
.Ss col - filter reverse line-feeds (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- comm ----
.Ss comm - select or reject lines common to two files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- command ----
.Ss command - execute a simple command
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- compress ----
.Ss compress - compress data
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cp ----
.Ss cp - copy files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cpio ----
.Ss cpio - copy file archives in and out (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- crontab ----
.Ss crontab - schedule periodic background work
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- csplit ----
.Ss csplit - split files based on context
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- ctags ----
.Ss ctags - create a tags file (DEVELOPMENT, FORTRAN)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cu ----
.Ss cu - call another system (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cut ----
.Ss cut - cut out selected fields of each line of a file
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- cxref ----
.Ss cxref - generate a C-language program cross-reference table (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- date ----
.Ss date - write the date and time
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- dd ----
.Ss dd - convert and copy a file
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- delta ----
.Ss delta - make a delta (change) to an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- df ----
.Ss df - report free disk space
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- diff ----
.Ss diff - compare two files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- dircmp ----
.Ss dircmp - directory comparison (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- dirname ----
.Ss dirname - return the directory portion of pathname
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- dis ----
.Ss dis - disassembler (DEVELOPMENT, LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- du ----
.\" please note that corrigendum U025/3 removed the LEGACY designation from du
.Ss du - estimate file space usage
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- echo ----
.Ss echo - write arguments to standard output
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- ed ----
.\" ed is the standard unix text editor!  ed is the way, the truth, and the light!
.Ss ed - edit text
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- egrep ----
.Ss egrep - search a file with an ERE pattern (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- env ----
.Ss env - set the environment for command invocation
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- ex ----
.Ss ex - text editor
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- expand ----
.Ss expand - convert tabs to spaces
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- expr ----
.Ss expr - evaluate arguments as an expression
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- false ----
.Ss false - return false value
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- fc ----
.Ss fc - process the command history list 
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- fg ----
.Ss fg - run jobs in the foreground
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- fgrep ----
.Ss fgrep - search a file for a fixed-string pattern (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- file ----
.Ss file - determine file type
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- find ----
.Ss find - find files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- fold ----
.Ss fold - filter for folding lines
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- fort77 ----
.Ss fort77 - FORTRAN compiler (FORTRAN)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- fuser ----
.Ss fuser - list process IDs of all processes that have one or more files open
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- gencat ----
.Ss gencat - generate a formatted message catalogue
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- get ----
.Ss get - get a version of an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- getconf ----
.Ss getconf - get configuration values
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- getopts ----
.Ss getopts - parse utility options
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- grep ----
.Ss grep - search a file for a pattern
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- hash ----
.Ss hash - remember or report utility locations
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- head ----
.Ss head - copy the first part of files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- iconv ----
.Ss iconv - codeset conversion
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- id ----
.Ss id - return user identity
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- ipcrm ----
.Ss ipcrm - remove a message queue, semaphore set or shared memory segment identifier
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- ipcs ----
.Ss ipcs - report inter-process communication facilities status
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- jobs ----
.Ss jobs - display status of jobs in the current session
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- join ----
.Ss join - relational database operator
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- kill ----
.Ss kill - terminate or signal processes
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- lex ----
.Ss lex - generate programs for lexical tasks (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- line ----
.Ss line - read one line (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- link ----
.Ss link - call the link() function
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- lint ----
.Ss lint - check C-language programs (DEVELOPMENT, LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- ln ----
.Ss ln - link files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- locale ----
.Ss locale - get locale-specific information
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- localedef ----
.Ss localedef - define locale environment
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- logger ----
.Ss logger - log messages
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- logname ----
.Ss logname - return the user's login name
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- lp ----
.Ss lp - send files to a printer
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- lpstat ----
.Ss lpstat - report printer status information (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- ls ----
.Ss ls - list directory contents
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- m4 ----
.Ss m4 - macro processor (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- mail ----
.Ss mail - send or read mail (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- mailx ----
.Ss mailx - process messages
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- make ----
.Ss make - maintain, update and regenerate groups of programs (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- man ----
.Ss man - display system documentation
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- mesg ----
.Ss mesg - permit or deny messages
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- mkdir ----
.Ss mkdir - make directories
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- mkfifo ----
.Ss mkfifo - make FIFO special files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- more ----
.Ss more - display files on a page-by-page basis
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- mv ----
.Ss mv - move files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- newgrp ----
.Ss newgrp - change to a new group
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- nice ----
.Ss nice - invoke a utility with an altered system scheduling priority
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- nl ----
.Ss nl - line numbering filter
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- nm ----
.Ss nm - write the name list of an object file (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- nohup ----
.Ss nohup - invoke a utility immune to hangups
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- od ----
.Ss od - dump files in various formats
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- pack ----
.Ss pack - compress files (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- paste ----
.Ss paste - merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- patch ----
.Ss patch - apply changes to files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- pathchk ----
.Ss pathchk - check pathname
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- pax ----
.Ss pax - portable archive interchange
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- pcat ----
.Ss pcat - expand and concatenate files (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- pg ----
.Ss pg - file perusal filter for soft-copy terminals (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- pr ----
.Ss pr - print files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- printf ----
.Ss printf - write formatted output
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- prs ----
.Ss prs - print an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- ps ----
.Ss ps - report process status
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- pwd ----
.Ss pwd - return working directory name
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- read ----
.Ss read - read a line from standard input
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- renice ----
.Ss renice - set system scheduling priorities of running processes
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- rm ----
.Ss rm - remove directory entries
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- rmdel ----
.Ss rmdel - remove a delta from an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- rmdir ----
.Ss rmdir - remove directories
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- sact ----
.Ss sact - print current SCCS file-editing activity (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- sccs ----
.Ss sccs - front end for the SCCS subsystem (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- sed ----
.Ss sed - stream editor
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- sh ----
.Ss sh - shell, the standard command language interpreter
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- sleep ----
.Ss sleep - suspend execution for an interval
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- sort ----
.Ss sort - sort, merge or sequence check text files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- spell ----
.Ss spell - find spelling errors (LEGACY) 
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- split ----
.Ss split - split files into pieces
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- strings ----
.Ss strings - find printable strings in files
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- strip ----
.Ss strip - remove unnecessary information from executable files (DEVELOPMENT)
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- stty ----
.Ss stty - set the options for a terminal
.unfinished
.
.\" ---- sum ----
.Ss sum - print checksum and block count of a file (LEGACY)
.unfinished
.