$NetBSD: acronyms.comp,v 1.121 2011/03/03 18:40:23 jruoho Exp $ 3WHS three-way handshake AA anti-aliasing AAT average access time ABI application binary interface ABR available bit rate AC alternating current ACID atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability ACK acknowledgement ACK Amsterdam compiler kit ACL access control list ACL active current loop ACP auxillary control {program, process} ACPI advanced configuration and power interface ACS access control set ACU automatic calling unit ADB Apple desktop bus ADC analog [to] digital converter ADP automatic data processing ADT abstract data type ADO active data objects ADP automatic data processing ADPCM adaptive differential pulse code modulation ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line AES Advanced Encryption Standard AFS Andrew File System AGC automatic gain control AGP accelerated graphics port AI analog input AI artificial intelligence AL access list AL active link ALE address latch enable ALU arithmetic and logical unit AM access method AM amplitude modulation AMI alternate mark inversion AMT active management technology AN Arabic number ANSI American National Standards Institute AO analog output AOL alert on LAN AOS add or subtract AP access point AP application processor API application programming interface APIC advanced programmable interrupt controller ARAT always running APIC timer ARC adaptive replacement cache ARM Advanced RISC Machines ARP address resolution protocol ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency ARQ automatic repeat request ARU audio response unit AS autonomous system ASCII American standard code for information interchange ASIC application-specific integrated circuit ASK amplitude shif keying ASLR address space layout randomization ASN autonomous system number ASR address space register AST abstract syntax tree AST asynchronous trap AT access time AT advanced technology ATA advanced technology attachment ATAPI advanced technology attachment packet interface ATC address translation cache ATM asynchronous transfer mode ATX advanced technology extended AWK Aho, Werner, and Kernighan BAL basic assembly language BAR base address register BBS bulletin board system BCC blind carbon copy BCD binary coded decimal BCR byte counte register BCS base configuration space BD baud BEDO burst extended data output BER basic encoding rules BER bit error rate BFD binary {file, format} descriptor BFKL big fscking kernel lock BFS breadth-first search BFT binary file transfer BGA ball grid array BGP border gateway protocol BIND Berkeley Internet Name Daemon BIOS basic input/output system BIST built-in self-test BIU bus interface unit BKDG BIOS and kernel developer's guide BLAS basic linear algebra subprograms BLOB binary large object BM bus master BMC baseboard management controller BMIC bus master interface controller BN boundary neutral BNF Backus-Naur form BO binary output BOF beginning of file BOM byte order mark BOM beginning of message BP base pointer BP boot processor BPF Berkeley packet filter BPI bits per inch BPS bits per second BQS Berkeley quality software BSD Berkeley software distribution BSF bit scan forward BSOD blue screen of death BSP binary space partition BSP boot strap processor BSR bit scan reverse BSS block started by symbol BT Bluetooth BT BitTorrent BTS bits per second BW bandwidth BWM block-write mode CAD computer-aided design CAM computer assisted manufacturing CAM content addressable memory CARP common address redundancy protocol CAS (atomic) compare and swap CAS computer algebra system CAS column address strobe CAU control access unit CAV constant angular velocity (as opposed to CLV) CBC cipher block chaining CBR constant bit rate CCD charge coupled device CC carbon coby CD compact disc CDDA compact disc digital audio CDRAM cache dynamic random access memory CER canonical encoding rules CF compact flash CFG context-free grammar CFG control-flow graph CG control gate CGA color graphics {array,adapter} CGI common gateway interface CHAP challenge-handshake authentication protocol CHS cylinder/head/sector CI {common, component} interface CIDR classless inter-domain routing CIFS common internet file system CIL common intermediate language CIS contact image sensor CJK Chinese, Japanese, and Korean CLI command line interface CLR common language runtime CLUT color look-up table CLV constant linear velocity (as opposed to CAV) CMI control management interface CMI control method interface CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor CMP chip multi-processing CMS content management system CMYK cyan magenta yellow black CN {common, canonical} name CNC computer numerical control COF current operating frequency COFF common object file format COMA cache-only memory architecture COW copy-on-write CPB core performance boost CPG clock pulse generator CPL current privilege level CPS characters per second CPT command pass through CPU central processing unit CR carriage return CRC cyclic redundancy check CRLF carriage return line feed CRT cathode ray tube CS computer science CS cable select CS chip select CS code segment CSI common system interface CSMA carrier sense multiple access CSMA/CA carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection CSS cascading style sheets CTM close to metal CTS clear to send CUA common user access CVS concurrent versions system DAC discretionary access control DAC digital [to] analog converter DAO disk at once DAP directory access protocol DAT digital audio tape DAT dynamic acceleration technology DB database DBMS database management system DBS database server DC direct current DCC direct client [to] client DCC direct cable connect DCD data carrier detect DCE data control equipment DCE distributed computing environment DCS data collection systems DCT discrete cosine transform DCU data cache unit DDC display data channel DDE dynamic data exchange DDK device driver kit DDR double data rate DDS direct digital sound DDWG digital display working group DE desktop environment DE debugging extensions DEK data encryption key DEP data execution prevention DER distinguished encoding rules DES Data Encryption Standard DFA deterministic finite automaton DFC data flow control DFS depth first search DFS distributed file system DFT discrete Fourier transform DFT diagnostic function test DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol DIFS distributed inter-frame space DIMM dual inline memory module DL download DL diode logic DLE data link escape DLL dynamic link library DMA direct memory access DMI desktop management interface DNARD Digital network appliance reference design DNS domain name system DOF data over fibre DOM document object model DOS denial of service DOS disk operating system DPC deferred procedure call DPCM differential pulse code modulation DPD dead peer detection DPI dots per inch DPI deep packet inspection DPL descriptor privilege level DRAM dynamic random access memory DRI direct rendering infrastructure DRM digital rights management DS debug store DSDT differentiated system descriptor table DSL digital subscriber line DSL domain specific language DSLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer DSO dynamic shared object DSP digital signal processor DSSS direct sequence spread spectrum DTD document type definition DTE data terminal equipment DTE dumb terminal emulator DTL diode-transistor logic DVB digital video broadcasting DVD digital versatile disc DVFS dynamic voltage and frequency scaling DVR digital video recorder DVI digital visual interface E-XER extended XML encoding rules EAP extensible authentication protocol ECC error correction code ECL emitter-coupled logic ECN explicit congestion notification ECP enhanced capability port ECS enhanced chip set ECS extended configuration space EDAT enhanced dynamic acceleration technology EDID extended display identification data EDO extended data out EDS electronical data sheet EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory EFI extensible firmware interface EFL emitter follower logic EFM eight to fourteen modulation EGA enhanced graphics {array,adapter} EGP exterior gateway protocol EIDE enchanced IDE EISA extended industry standard architecture ELF executable and linking format ELS entry level system EMP electro-magnetic pulse EOF end of file EOL end of line EOL end of life EOT end of transmission EPIC explicitly parallel instruction computing EPP enhanced parallel port EPRML extended partial response, maximum likelihood EPROM erasable programmable read only memory ERD emergency recovery disk ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory ESS electronic switching system EST enhanced speedstep ETL extract, transform, load EU execution unit EULA end user license agreement FAT file allocation table FBRAM frame buffer random access memory FCL fiber channel loop FCS frame check sequence FDC floppy disk controller FDD floppy disk drive FDDI fiber distributed data interface FEC forward error correction FFH functional fixed hardware FFI foreign function interface FFS fast file system FFS find first set FFT fast Fourier transform FG floating gate FHSS frequency hop spread spectrum FID frequency identifier FIFO first in, first out FILO first in, last out FIR fast infrared FLOPS floating [point] operations per second FM frequency modulation FOSS free / open source software FPGA field programmable gate array FPM fast page mode FPR floating point register FPU floating point unit FQDN fully qualified domain name FRU field replaceable unit FSB front side bus FSCK file system check FSM finite-state machine FTP file transfer protocol FTPS file transfer protocol, secure FWH firmware hub FWS folding white space GAS generic address structure GC garbage collector GCR group-coded recording GDT global descriptor table GEM graphics execution manager GEM graphics environment manager GID group identifier GIF graphics interchange format GMCH graphics and memory controller hub GNU GNU's not Unix GOT global offset table GPE general purpose event GPF general protection fault GPL GNU/general public license GPR general purpose register GPT GUID partition table GPU graphics processing unit GRE generic routing encapsulation GSI global system interrupt GUI graphics user interface GUID globally unique identifier HA high availability HAL hardware abstraction layer HAT hashed array tree HBA host bus adapter HCI host controller interface HCI human-computer interaction HCL hardware compatibility list HCF halt and catch fire HDD hard disk drive HDCP high-bandwidth digital content protection HF high frequency HFM highest frequency mode HID human interface device HLL high-level language HMA high memory area HMI human-machine interface HP Hewlett-Packard HPC high performance computing HPET high precision event timer HT hyper-threading HTC hardware thermal control HTML hyper-text markup language HTT hyper-threading technology HTTP hyper-text transfer protocol HTTPS hyper-text transfer protocol, secure HZ Hertz I2O intelligent input/output IANA Internet assigned number authority IBM International Business Machines IBS instruction based sampling ICA independent computer architecture IC integrated circuit ICB Internet citizen's band ICE in-circuit emulator ICH I/O controller hub ICE internal compiler error ICE in-circuit emulator ICMP Internet control message protocol IDA Intel dynamic acceleration IDE integrated drive electronics IDE integrated development environment IDRP inter-domain routing protocol IDS intrusion detection system IDT interrupt descriptor table IE Internet Explorer IEC international electrotechnical commission IEEE Institute [of] Electrical [and] Electronics Engineers IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IFCM isochronous flow control mode IGMP Internet group management protocol IGP interior gateway protocol IHV independent hardware vendor IKE Internet key exchange ILM internal loopback mode ILP instruction level parallelism IM instant messaging IMC integrated memory controller IMCR interrupt mode configuration register IMAP Internet mail access protocol INCITS international committee on information technology standards IO input/output IOCTL input/output control IOMMU input/output memory management unit IP Internet Protocol IP intellectual property IPC interprocess communication IPI interprocessor interrupt IPNG Internet protocol, next generation IPS intrusion prevention system IPS in-plane switching IPSEC Internet protocol security IRC Internet relay chat IRDA infrared data association IRQ interrupt request IRQL interrupt request level IRTF Internet research task force ISA industry standard architecture ISA instruction set architecture ISDN integrated services digital network ISI inter-symbol interference ISM industrial, scientific and medical ISN initial serial number ISO international standards organization ISOC Internet society ISP Internet service provider ISR interrupt service routine IST interrupt stack table ISV independent software vendor ITB Intel turbo boost IVT interrupt vector table JBOD just a bunch of disks JIT just in time JPEG joint photographic experts group JRE Java runtime environment JTAG joint test action group KB keyboard KB kilobyte KBD keyboard KBD kilobaud KLOC thousand lines of code KMS kernel-mode setting KPI kernel programming interface KVA kernel virtual address KVM kernel virtual memory KVM keyboard, video, mouse switch LAMP Linux Apache MySQL {Perl,PHP,Python} LAN local area network LAPIC local advanced programmable interrupt controller LBA logical block addressing LCD liquid crystal display LCP link control protocol LDAP lightweight directory access protocol LDT local descriptor table LE logical extent LED light emitting diode LER label edge router LF line feed LF low frequency LFM lowest frequency mode LFN long file names LFS log-structured file system LFU least frequently used LIFO last in, first out LILO last in, last out LILO Linux loader LINT local interrupt LIR local Internet registry LKM {Linux, loadable} kernel module LKML Linux kernel mailing list LL/SC load linked / store conditional LLC logical link control LLF low level format LLVM Low Level Virtual Machine LMM link management mode LNO loop nest optimization LOC lines of code LPC low pin count LRC longitudinal redundancy check LRM left-to-right mark LRO left-to-right override LRU least recently used LSB least significant bit [or: byte] LSB Linux standards base LSI large scale integration LSR label switch router LTR left to right LTR load task register LUN logical unit number LV logical volume LVM logical volume management LVT local vector table LZW Lempel Ziv Welch MAC medium access control MAC mandatory access control MADT multiple APIC descriptor table MB megabyte MBR master boot record MBS megabits per second MC memory controller MCA machine check architecture MCC multiversion concurrency control MCE machine check exception MCGA multicolor graphics adapter MCH memory controller hub MCQ memory controlled queue MD machine-dependent MDA mail delivery agent MDA monochrome display adapter MDRAM multibank dynamic random access memory MESI modified, exclusive, shared, invalid MFC merge from current MFM modified frequency modulation MI machine-independent MIB management information base MID mobile internet device MIDI musical instrument digital interface MIF management information format MIMD multiple instruction stream, multiple data stream MIME multipurpose Internet mail extensions MIMO multiple input multiple output MIPS million instructions per second MISD multiple instruction, single data MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology ML mailing list ML machine language ML machine learning ML markup language ML maximum likelihood MLC multi-level cell MMIO memory mapped input/output MMU memory management unit MMX multimedia extension MMX multiple math extension MMX matrix math extension MOESI modified, owned, exclusive, shared, invalid MOF maximum operating frequency MOSI modified, owned, shared, invalid MP multiprocessor MP multiprocessing MP multi-platform MP multiplayer MPEG moving picture experts group MPI message passing interface MPLS multiprotocol label switching MPP massively parallel processor MPS multiprocessor specification MPS memory pool system MR modem ready MRU most recently used MS Microsoft MSB most significant bit [or: byte] MSF minutes seconds frames MSI message signaled interrupt MSI modified, shared, invalid MSR machine state register MSS maximum segment size MT machine translation MTA mail transfer agent MTBF mean time between failures MTRR memory type range register MTTF mean time to failure MTU maximum transmission unit MUA mail user agent MUD multi-user domain MVCC multiversion concurrency control MWE module width encoding MX mail exchange NACK negative acknowledgement NAN not a number NAS network attached storage NAT network address translation NAV network allocation vector NC numerical control NCP network control protocol NCQ native command queuing NFA nondeterministic finite automaton NFS network file system NIA next instruction address NIC network interface card NIP network interface protocol NIS network information service NLS native language support NMI non-maskable interrupt NNTP network news transfer protocol NOP no operation NP nondeterministic polynomial time NRZ non-return to zero NSA National Security Agency NTM non-deterministic Turing machine NTP network time protocol NUMA non-uniform memory access NVRAM non-volatile random access memory NX no execute OAEP optimal asymmetric encryption padding OBO off by one OBOE off by one error OCL object constraint language OCR optical character recognition ODCM on-demand clock modulation ODT on-die termination OEM original equipment manufacturer OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ONFI open nand flash interface OO object oriented OO OpenOffice OOB out of band OOE out of order execution OOM out of memory OOP object oriented programming OOSE object oriented software engineering OPS operations per second OPM operations per minute OQL object query language ORM object-relational mapping OS operating system OSD open source definition OSF open software foundation OSI open systems interconnection OSI open-source initiative OSPF open shortest path first OSPM OS power management OSS open source software OSS open sound system OSVW operating system visible workarounds OTP one time password OUI organizationally unique identifier OWL Web ontology language P2P peer to peer P2P PCI to PCI PA physical address PAE physical address extension PAM pluggable authentication modules PAM pulse amplitude modulation PAP password authentication protocol PAT page attribute table PAT port address translation PATA parallel ATA PAX portable archive exchange PBE pending break encoding PBE programming by example PC personal computer PCB printed circuit board PCC Portable C Compiler PCI peripheral component interconnect PCM pulse code modulation PCMCIA personal computer memory card international association PD public domain PDA personal digital assistant PDA pushdown automaton PDF portable document format PDN pull-down network PDP page descriptor page PDS product data sheet PDU protocol data unit PER packed encoding rules PERL practical extraction [and] report language PFS perfect forward secrecy PGAS partitioned global address space PGP pretty good privacy PHB PCI host bridge PIC programmable interrupt controller PIC position independent code PID process id PIE position independent executable PIM personal information manager PIN personal identification number PIO programmed input/output PIPT physically indexed, physically tagged PKI public key infrastructure PKCS public-key cryptography standards PLC programmable logic controller PLL phase locked loop PLRU pseudo LRU PM power management PME power management event PMI platform management interrupt PMIO port-mapped input/output PMT photo-multiplier tube PMU power management unit PNG portable network graphics PNP plug and play POE power over ethernet POP post office protocol POP power on password POSIX portable operating system interface [for] Unix POST power on self test POTS plain old telephone system PPC PowerPC PPB PCI [to] PCI bridge PPI pixels per inch PPM pages per minute PPP point-to-point protocol PPPOA point-to-point protocol over ATM PPPOE point-to-point protocol over ethernet PPU physics processing unit PRBS pseudo-random bit sequence PRML partial response, maximum likelihood PRNG pseudo random number generator PROM programmable read only memory PSE page size extensions PSK pre-shared key PSTN public switched telephone network PSW program status word PTE page table entry PTLA pseudo top level aggregator PTP page table page PU processing unit PUN physical unit number PV physical volume PVG physical volume group PWM pulse width modulation PXE preboot execution environment QA quality assurance QAM quadrature amplitude modulation QBE query by example QC quality control QOS quality of service RAD rapid application development RAID redundant array of inexpensive disks RAM random access memory RAS restartable atomic sequence RAS remote access service RAS row address strobe RC release candidate RC remote control RCS revision control system RCU read-copy-update RDF resource description format RDM relational data model RDMA remote direct memory access REST representational state transfer RF radio frequency RFO request for ownership RGB red green blue RH read hit RHL Red Hat Linux RIFF Resource Interchange File Format RIP routing information protocol RIR regional Internet registry RISC reduced instruction set computing RKM ROM Kernel Manual RLE run length encoding RLL run length limited RLO right-to-left override RM read miss RNG random number generator ROM read only memory RPC remote procedure call RPL requested privilege level RPM revolutions per minute RR random replacement RSA Rivest, Shamir and Adleman RSS really simple syndication RSS residual sum of squares RT real time RTC real time clock RTC real time computing RTF rich text format RTL resistor-transistor logic RTOS real time operating system RTS {ready, request} to send RTT round time trip RUP rational unified process RWM read-write memory RX receive, receiver S/PDIF Sony/Phillips digital interface SAAS software as a service SACD super audio compact disc SAD security association database SAM serial access memory SAM sum addressed memory SAN storage area network SAPIC streamlined advanced programmable interrupt controller SASI shugart associates system interface (predecessor to SCSI) SATA serial advanced technology attachment SB sound blaster SBU standard build unit SCM software configuration management SCM source code management SCP secure copy SCI system control interrupt SCI scalable coherent interface SCSI small computer system interface SCTP stream control transmission protocol SDK software development kit SDL simple declarative language SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory SDT syntax-directed translation SEGV segmentation violation SFI simple firmware interface SFC sequential function chart SGRAM synchronous graphics random access memory SIFS short inter-frame space SIMD single instruction, multiple data SIMM single inline memory module SIP session initiation protocol SIR slow infrared SISD single instruction, single data SLC single-level cell SLDRAM synchronous-link dynamic random access memory SLI scalable link interface SLI scan-line interleave SLOC source lines of code SLRU segmented LRU SMAF system management action field SMART self-monitoring analysis and reporting technology SMBIOS system management BIOS SMC system management controller SMI system management interrupt SMI structure of management information SMM system management mode SMP symmetric multiprocessing SMT simultaneous multithreading SMTP simple mail transfer protocol SMU system management unit SNMP simple network management protocol SOA service oriented architecture SOAP simple object access protocol SOHO small office / home office SOL serial over LAN SP stack pointer SP service pack SPARC scalable processor architecture SPARQL SPARQL protocol and RDF query language SPD security policy database SPD serial presence detect SPI serial peripheral interface SPI stateful packet inspection SPMD single process, multiple data SPR special purpose register SPT sectors per track SQL structured query language SRAM static random access memory SRC sample rate conversion SS stack segment SSD solid state drive SSE streaming SIMD extensions SSFDC solid state floppy disc card SSH secure shell SSI server side includes SSL secure sockets layer SSP stack smashing protection STP shielded twisted pair STP spanning-tree protocol SUS Single Unix Specification SVG scalable vector graphics SVGA super video graphics {array,adapter} SVM secure virtual machine SVM support vector machine SWF Shockwave Flash TAS test and set TAO track at once TAOCP The Art of Computer Programming TCB trace capture buffer TCB trusted computing base TCC thermal control circuit TCL tool command language TCP transmission control protocol TCQ tagged command queueing TDD test driven development TDP thermal design {point, power} TECO Text Editor and Corrector TFT thin film transistor TFTP trivial file transfer protocol TIAS try it and see TIFF tagged image file format TITS try it to see TLA top level aggregator TLB transition lookaside buffer TLD top level domain TLS transport layer security TLS thread local storage TM Turing machine TMDS transition minimized differential signaling TMO timeout TOD time of day TOS terms of service TOS type of service TP transaction processing TPM trusted platform module TPM transactions per minute TPR task priority register TR token ring TR task register TRNG true random number generator TS time stamp TS time series TS terminal services TSC time stamp counter TSO time sharing option TSP time stamp protocol TSP tunnel setup protocol TSP traveling salesman problem TSS task state segment TTL time to live TTL transistor-transistor logic TTM translation table maps TTY teletype TX transmit out, transmitter TZ time zone UAC user {account, access} control UART universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter UC uncacheable UCS uniform-cost search UDMA ultra DMA UDO ultra density optical (storage) UDP user datagram protocol UFS Unix file system UI user interface UI unit interval UID user identifier UID unique identifier UL upload UMA uniform memory access UMA upper memory area UMB upper memory block UML unified modeling language UPS uninterruptible power supply URI uniform resource identifier URL uniform resource locator URN uniform resource name USART universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver/transmitter USB universal serial bus USWC uncacheable speculative write combining UTC coordinated universal time UTP unshielded twisted pair UUCP Unix-to-Unix copy protocol UUID universally unique identifier UUOC useless use of cat VA virtual address VA vertical alignment VAX virtual address extension VB Visual Basic VCC common collector voltage VCM virtual channel memory VESA video electronics standards association VG volume group VGA video graphics {array,adapter} VHDCI very high density cable interconnect VID voltage level identifier VIPT virtually indexed, physically tagged VIVT virtually indexed, virtually tagged VLAN virtual local area network VLIW very long instruction word VLSI very large scale integration VLSM variable length subnet mask VOD video on demand VM virtual {machine,memory} VMX virtual machine extensions VMX vector multimedia extensions VPN virtual private network VR virtual reality VRAM video random access memory VRM voltage regulator module VRRP virtual router redundancy protocol W3C World Wide Web Consortium WAN wide area network WAP wireless application protocol WEP wired equivalent privacy WFI wait for interrupt WH write hit WIFI wireless fidelity WLAN wireless local area network WDT watchdog timer WM write miss WOL wake on LAN WOR wake on ring WORM write once read many WPA wi-fi protected access WRAM window random access memory WTC write through caching WWAN wireless wide area network WWW world wide web WYSIWYG what you see is what you get XBAR crossbar XER XML encoding rules XGA extended graphics {array,adapter} XIP execute in place XML extensible markup language XOR exclusive or XP extreme programming XSL extensible stylesheet language XSS cross site scripting XT extended technology XUL XML user interface language YACC yet another compiler compiler YAWPFAPR you are welcome; please file a problem report YP yellow pages (aka NIS) YTD year to date ZFOD zero-filled on demand ZIF zero insertion force ZIFS zero insertion force socket ZMA zone multicast address