bsd.README revision 1.15
1#	$NetBSD: bsd.README,v 1.15 1996/01/22 22:46:06 cgd Exp $
2#	@(#)bsd.README	5.1 (Berkeley) 5/11/90
3
4This is the README file for the new make "include" files for the BSD
5source tree.  The files are installed in /usr/share/mk, and are, by
6convention, named with the suffix ".mk".
7
8Note, this file is not intended to replace reading through the .mk
9files for anything tricky.
10
11=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
12
13RANDOM THINGS WORTH KNOWING:
14
15The files are simply C-style #include files, and pretty much behave like
16you'd expect.  The syntax is slightly different in that a single '.' is
17used instead of the hash mark, i.e. ".include <bsd.prog.mk>".
18
19One difference that will save you lots of debugging time is that inclusion
20of the file is normally done at the *end* of the Makefile.  The reason for
21this is because .mk files often modify variables and behavior based on the
22values of variables set in the Makefile.  To make this work, remember that
23the FIRST target found is the target that is used, i.e. if the Makefile has:
24
25	a:
26		echo a
27	a:
28		echo a number two
29
30the command "make a" will echo "a".  To make things confusing, the SECOND
31variable assignment is the overriding one, i.e. if the Makefile has:
32
33	a=	foo
34	a=	bar
35
36	b:
37		echo ${a}
38
39the command "make b" will echo "bar".  This is for compatibility with the
40way the V7 make behaved.
41
42It's fairly difficult to make the BSD .mk files work when you're building
43multiple programs in a single directory.  It's a lot easier split up the
44programs than to deal with the problem.  Most of the agony comes from making
45the "obj" directory stuff work right, not because we switch to a new version
46of make.  So, don't get mad at us, figure out a better way to handle multiple
47architectures so we can quit using the symbolic link stuff.  (Imake doesn't
48count.)
49
50The file .depend in the source directory is expected to contain dependencies
51for the source files.  This file is read automatically by make after reading
52the Makefile.
53
54The variable DESTDIR works as before.  It's not set anywhere but will change
55the tree where the file gets installed.
56
57The profiled libraries are no longer built in a different directory than
58the regular libraries.  A new suffix, ".po", is used to denote a profiled
59object.
60
61=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
62
63The include file <sys.mk> has the default rules for all makes, in the BSD
64environment or otherwise.  You probably don't want to touch this file.
65
66=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
67
68The include file <bsd.man.mk> handles installing manual pages and their
69links.
70
71It has a single target:
72
73	maninstall:
74		Install the manual pages and their links.
75
76It sets/uses the following variables:
77
78MANDIR		Base path for manual installation.
79
80MANGRP		Manual group.
81
82MANOWN		Manual owner.
83
84MANMODE		Manual mode.
85
86MANSUBDIR	Subdirectory under the manual page section, i.e. "/vax"
87		or "/tahoe" for machine specific manual pages.
88
89MAN		The manual pages to be installed (use a .1 - .9 suffix).
90
91MLINKS		List of manual page links (using a .1 - .9 suffix).  The
92		linked-to file must come first, the linked file second,
93		and there may be multiple pairs.  The files are soft-linked.
94
95The include file <bsd.man.mk> includes a file named "../Makefile.inc" if
96it exists.
97
98=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
99
100The include file <bsd.own.mk> contains the owners, groups, etc. for both
101manual pages and binaries.
102
103It has no targets.
104
105It sets the following variables, if they are not already defined (defaults
106are in brackets):
107
108BSDSRCDIR	The real path to the system sources, so that 'make obj'
109		will work correctly. [/usr/src]
110
111BSDOBJDIR	The real path to the system 'obj' tree, so that 'make obj'
112		will work correctly. [/usr/obj]
113
114BINGRP		Binary group. [bin]
115
116BINOWN		Binary owner. [bin]
117
118BINMODE		Binary mode. [555]
119
120NONBINMODE	Mode for non-executable files. [444]
121
122MANDIR		Base path for manual installation. [/usr/share/man/cat]
123
124MANGRP		Manual group. [bin]
125
126MANOWN		Manual owner. [bin]
127
128MANMODE		Manual mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
129
130LIBDIR		Base path for library installation. [/usr/lib]
131
132LINTLIBDIR	Base path for lint(1) library installation. [/usr/libdata/lint]
133
134LIBGRP		Library group. [${BINGRP}]
135
136LIBOWN		Library owner. [${BINOWN}]
137
138LIBMODE		Library mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
139
140DOCDIR		Base path for system documentation (e.g. PSD, USD, etc.)
141	        installation. [/usr/share/doc]
142
143DOCGRP		Documentation group. [bin]
144
145DOCOWN		Documentation owner. [bin]
146
147DOCMODE		Documentation mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
148
149NLSDIR		Base path for National Language Support files installation.
150		[/usr/share/nls]
151
152NLSGRP		National Language Support files group. [bin]
153
154NLSOWN		National Language Support files owner. [bin]
155
156NLSMODE		National Language Support files mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
157
158STRIP		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
159		to be stripped.  This is to be used when building your
160		own install script so that the entire system can be made
161		stripped/not-stripped using a single knob. [-s]
162
163COPY		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
164		to be copied rather than moved.  This is to be used when
165		building our own install script so that the entire system
166		can either be installed with copies, or with moves using
167		a single knob. [-c]
168
169Additionally, the following variables may be set to modify the behaviour
170of the system build process (default values are in brackets along with
171comments, if set by bsd.own.mk):
172
173EXPORTABLE_SYSTEM
174		Do not build /usr/src/domestic, even if it is present.
175
176SKEY		Compile in support for S/key authentication. [yes, set
177		unconditionally]
178
179KERBEROS	Compile in support for Kerberos 4 authentication.
180
181KERBEROS5	Compile in support for Kerberos 5 authentication.
182
183MANZ		Compress manual pages at installation time.
184
185SYS_INCLUDE	Copy or symlink kernel include files into /usr/include.
186		Possible values are "symlinks" or "copies" (which is
187		the same as the variable being unset).
188
189NOPROFILE	Do not build profiled versions of system libraries
190
191NOPIC		Do not build PIC versions of system libraries, and
192		do not build shared libraries.  [set if ${MACHINE_ARCH}
193		is "mips", "vax", or "alpha", unset otherwise.]
194
195NOLINT		Do not build lint libraries. [set, set unconditionally]
196
197This file is generally useful when building your own Makefiles so that
198they use the same default owners etc. as the rest of the tree.
199
200=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
201
202The include file <bsd.prog.mk> handles building programs from one or
203more source files, along with their manual pages.  It has a limited number
204of suffixes, consistent with the current needs of the BSD tree.
205
206It has seven targets:
207
208	all:
209		build the program and its manual page
210	clean:
211		remove the program, any object files and the files a.out,
212		Errs, errs, mklog, and core.
213	cleandir:
214		remove all of the files removed by the target clean, as
215		well as .depend, tags, and any manual pages.
216	depend:
217		make the dependencies for the source files, and store
218		them in the file .depend.
219	install:
220		install the program and its manual pages; if the Makefile
221		does not itself define the target install, the targets
222		beforeinstall and afterinstall may also be used to cause
223		actions immediately before and after the install target
224		is executed.
225	lint:
226		run lint on the source files
227	tags:
228		create a tags file for the source files.
229
230It sets/uses the following variables:
231
232BINGRP		Binary group.
233
234BINOWN		Binary owner.
235
236BINMODE		Binary mode.
237
238CLEANFILES	Additional files to remove for the clean and cleandir targets.
239
240COPTS		Additional flags to the compiler when creating C objects.
241
242HIDEGAME	If HIDEGAME is defined, the binary is installed in
243		/usr/games/hide, and a symbolic link is created to
244		/usr/games/dm.
245
246LDADD		Additional loader objects.  Usually used for libraries.
247		For example, to load with the compatibility and utility
248		libraries, use:
249
250			LDADD+=-lutil -lcompat
251
252LDFLAGS		Additional loader flags.
253
254LINKS		The list of binary links; should be full pathnames, the
255		linked-to file coming first, followed by the linked
256		file.  The files are hard-linked.  For example, to link
257		/bin/test and /bin/[, use:
258
259			LINKS=	${DESTDIR}/bin/test ${DESTDIR}/bin/[
260
261MAN		Manual pages (should end in .1 - .9).  If no MAN variable is
262		defined, "MAN=${PROG}.1" is assumed.
263
264PROG		The name of the program to build.  If not supplied, nothing
265		is built.
266
267SRCS		List of source files to build the program.  If PROG is not
268		defined, it's assumed to be ${PROG}.c.
269
270DPADD		Additional dependencies for the program.  Usually used for
271		libraries.  For example, to depend on the compatibility and
272		utility libraries use:
273
274			DPADD+=${LIBCOMPAT} ${LIBUTIL}
275
276		The following libraries are predefined for DPADD:
277
278			LIBC		/lib/libc.a
279			LIBCOMPAT	/usr/lib/libcompat.a
280			LIBCRYPT	/usr/lib/libcrypt.a
281			LIBCURSES	/usr/lib/libcurses.a
282			LIBDBM		/usr/lib/libdbm.a
283			LIBDES		/usr/lib/libdes.a
284			LIBL		/usr/lib/libl.a
285			LIBKDB		/usr/lib/libkdb.a
286			LIBKRB		/usr/lib/libkrb.a
287			LIBKVM		/usr/lib/libkvm.a
288			LIBM		/usr/lib/libm.a
289			LIBMP		/usr/lib/libmp.a
290			LIBPC		/usr/lib/libpc.a
291			LIBPLOT		/usr/lib/libplot.a
292			LIBRPC		/usr/lib/sunrpc.a
293			LIBTERM		/usr/lib/libterm.a
294			LIBUTIL		/usr/lib/libutil.a
295
296SHAREDSTRINGS	If defined, a new .c.o rule is used that results in shared
297		strings, using xstr(1). Note that this will not work with
298		parallel makes.
299
300STRIP		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
301		to be stripped.
302
303SUBDIR		A list of subdirectories that should be built as well.
304		Each of the targets will execute the same target in the
305		subdirectories.
306
307The include file <bsd.prog.mk> includes the file named "../Makefile.inc"
308if it exists, as well as the include file <bsd.man.mk>.
309
310Some simple examples:
311
312To build foo from foo.c with a manual page foo.1, use:
313
314	PROG=	foo
315
316	.include <bsd.prog.mk>
317
318To build foo from foo.c with a manual page foo.2, add the line:
319
320	MAN=	foo.2
321
322If foo does not have a manual page at all, add the line:
323
324	NOMAN=	noman
325
326If foo has multiple source files, add the line:
327
328	SRCS=	a.c b.c c.c d.c
329
330=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
331
332The include file <bsd.subdir.mk> contains the default targets for building
333subdirectories.  It has the same seven targets as <bsd.prog.mk>: all, clean,
334cleandir, depend, install, lint, and tags.  For all of the directories
335listed in the variable SUBDIRS, the specified directory will be visited
336and the target made.  There is also a default target which allows the
337command "make subdir" where subdir is any directory listed in the variable
338SUBDIRS.
339
340=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
341
342The include file <bsd.sys.mk> is used by <bsd.prog.mk> and
343<bsd.lib.mk>.  It contains overrides that are used when building
344the NetBSD source tree.  For instance, if "PARALLEL" is defined by
345the program/library Makefile, it includes a set of rules for lex and
346yacc that allow multiple lex and yacc targets to be built in parallel.
347
348=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
349
350The include file <bsd.lib.mk> has support for building libraries.  It has
351the same seven targets as <bsd.prog.mk>: all, clean, cleandir, depend,
352install, lint, and tags.  It has a limited number of suffixes, consistent
353with the current needs of the BSD tree.
354
355It sets/uses the following variables:
356
357LIB		The name of the library to build.
358
359LIBDIR		Target directory for libraries.
360
361LINTLIBDIR	Target directory for lint libraries.
362
363LIBGRP		Library group.
364
365LIBOWN		Library owner.
366
367LIBMODE		Library mode.
368
369LDADD		Additional loader objects.
370
371MAN		The manual pages to be installed (use a .1 - .9 suffix).
372
373SRCS		List of source files to build the library.  Suffix types
374		.s, .c, and .f are supported.  Note, .s files are preferred
375		to .c files of the same name.  (This is not the default for
376		versions of make.)
377
378The include file <bsd.lib.mk> includes the file named "../Makefile.inc"
379if it exists, as well as the include file <bsd.man.mk>.
380
381It has rules for building profiled objects; profiled libraries are
382built by default.
383
384Libraries are ranlib'd when made.
385