bsd.README revision 1.16
1#	$NetBSD: bsd.README,v 1.16 1996/04/04 02:05:03 jtc Exp $
2#	@(#)bsd.README	5.1 (Berkeley) 5/11/90
3
4This is the README file for the new make "include" files for the BSD
5source tree.  The files are installed in /usr/share/mk, and are, by
6convention, named with the suffix ".mk".
7
8Note, this file is not intended to replace reading through the .mk
9files for anything tricky.
10
11=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
12
13RANDOM THINGS WORTH KNOWING:
14
15The files are simply C-style #include files, and pretty much behave like
16you'd expect.  The syntax is slightly different in that a single '.' is
17used instead of the hash mark, i.e. ".include <bsd.prog.mk>".
18
19One difference that will save you lots of debugging time is that inclusion
20of the file is normally done at the *end* of the Makefile.  The reason for
21this is because .mk files often modify variables and behavior based on the
22values of variables set in the Makefile.  To make this work, remember that
23the FIRST target found is the target that is used, i.e. if the Makefile has:
24
25	a:
26		echo a
27	a:
28		echo a number two
29
30the command "make a" will echo "a".  To make things confusing, the SECOND
31variable assignment is the overriding one, i.e. if the Makefile has:
32
33	a=	foo
34	a=	bar
35
36	b:
37		echo ${a}
38
39the command "make b" will echo "bar".  This is for compatibility with the
40way the V7 make behaved.
41
42It's fairly difficult to make the BSD .mk files work when you're building
43multiple programs in a single directory.  It's a lot easier split up the
44programs than to deal with the problem.  Most of the agony comes from making
45the "obj" directory stuff work right, not because we switch to a new version
46of make.  So, don't get mad at us, figure out a better way to handle multiple
47architectures so we can quit using the symbolic link stuff.  (Imake doesn't
48count.)
49
50The file .depend in the source directory is expected to contain dependencies
51for the source files.  This file is read automatically by make after reading
52the Makefile.
53
54The variable DESTDIR works as before.  It's not set anywhere but will change
55the tree where the file gets installed.
56
57The profiled libraries are no longer built in a different directory than
58the regular libraries.  A new suffix, ".po", is used to denote a profiled
59object.
60
61=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
62
63The include file <sys.mk> has the default rules for all makes, in the BSD
64environment or otherwise.  You probably don't want to touch this file.
65
66=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
67
68The include file <bsd.man.mk> handles installing manual pages and their
69links.
70
71It has a single target:
72
73	maninstall:
74		Install the manual pages and their links.
75
76It sets/uses the following variables:
77
78MANDIR		Base path for manual installation.
79
80MANGRP		Manual group.
81
82MANOWN		Manual owner.
83
84MANMODE		Manual mode.
85
86MANSUBDIR	Subdirectory under the manual page section, i.e. "/vax"
87		or "/tahoe" for machine specific manual pages.
88
89MAN		The manual pages to be installed (use a .1 - .9 suffix).
90
91MLINKS		List of manual page links (using a .1 - .9 suffix).  The
92		linked-to file must come first, the linked file second,
93		and there may be multiple pairs.  The files are soft-linked.
94
95The include file <bsd.man.mk> includes a file named "../Makefile.inc" if
96it exists.
97
98=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
99
100The include file <bsd.own.mk> contains the owners, groups, etc. for both
101manual pages and binaries.
102
103It has no targets.
104
105It sets the following variables, if they are not already defined (defaults
106are in brackets):
107
108BSDSRCDIR	The real path to the system sources, so that 'make obj'
109		will work correctly. [/usr/src]
110
111BSDOBJDIR	The real path to the system 'obj' tree, so that 'make obj'
112		will work correctly. [/usr/obj]
113
114BINGRP		Binary group. [bin]
115
116BINOWN		Binary owner. [bin]
117
118BINMODE		Binary mode. [555]
119
120NONBINMODE	Mode for non-executable files. [444]
121
122MANDIR		Base path for manual installation. [/usr/share/man/cat]
123
124MANGRP		Manual group. [bin]
125
126MANOWN		Manual owner. [bin]
127
128MANMODE		Manual mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
129
130LIBDIR		Base path for library installation. [/usr/lib]
131
132LINTLIBDIR	Base path for lint(1) library installation. [/usr/libdata/lint]
133
134LIBGRP		Library group. [${BINGRP}]
135
136LIBOWN		Library owner. [${BINOWN}]
137
138LIBMODE		Library mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
139
140DOCDIR		Base path for system documentation (e.g. PSD, USD, etc.)
141	        installation. [/usr/share/doc]
142
143DOCGRP		Documentation group. [bin]
144
145DOCOWN		Documentation owner. [bin]
146
147DOCMODE		Documentation mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
148
149NLSDIR		Base path for National Language Support files installation.
150		[/usr/share/nls]
151
152NLSGRP		National Language Support files group. [bin]
153
154NLSOWN		National Language Support files owner. [bin]
155
156NLSMODE		National Language Support files mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
157
158STRIP		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
159		to be stripped.  This is to be used when building your
160		own install script so that the entire system can be made
161		stripped/not-stripped using a single knob. [-s]
162
163COPY		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
164		to be copied rather than moved.  This is to be used when
165		building our own install script so that the entire system
166		can either be installed with copies, or with moves using
167		a single knob. [-c]
168
169Additionally, the following variables may be set to modify the behaviour
170of the system build process (default values are in brackets along with
171comments, if set by bsd.own.mk):
172
173EXPORTABLE_SYSTEM
174		Do not build /usr/src/domestic, even if it is present.
175
176SKEY		Compile in support for S/key authentication. [yes, set
177		unconditionally]
178
179KERBEROS	Compile in support for Kerberos 4 authentication.
180
181KERBEROS5	Compile in support for Kerberos 5 authentication.
182
183MANZ		Compress manual pages at installation time.
184
185SYS_INCLUDE	Copy or symlink kernel include files into /usr/include.
186		Possible values are "symlinks" or "copies" (which is
187		the same as the variable being unset).
188
189NOPROFILE	Do not build profiled versions of system libraries
190
191NOPIC		Do not build PIC versions of system libraries, and
192		do not build shared libraries.  [set if ${MACHINE_ARCH}
193		is "mips", "vax", or "alpha", unset otherwise.]
194
195NOLINT		Do not build lint libraries. [set, set unconditionally]
196
197This file is generally useful when building your own Makefiles so that
198they use the same default owners etc. as the rest of the tree.
199
200=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
201
202The include file <bsd.prog.mk> handles building programs from one or
203more source files, along with their manual pages.  It has a limited number
204of suffixes, consistent with the current needs of the BSD tree.
205
206It has eight targets:
207
208	all:
209		build the program and its manual page
210	clean:
211		remove the program, any object files and the files a.out,
212		Errs, errs, mklog, and core.
213	cleandir:
214		remove all of the files removed by the target clean, as
215		well as .depend, tags, and any manual pages.
216	depend:
217		make the dependencies for the source files, and store
218		them in the file .depend.
219	includes:
220		install any header files.
221	install:
222		install the program and its manual pages; if the Makefile
223		does not itself define the target install, the targets
224		beforeinstall and afterinstall may also be used to cause
225		actions immediately before and after the install target
226		is executed.
227	lint:
228		run lint on the source files
229	tags:
230		create a tags file for the source files.
231
232It sets/uses the following variables:
233
234BINGRP		Binary group.
235
236BINOWN		Binary owner.
237
238BINMODE		Binary mode.
239
240CLEANFILES	Additional files to remove for the clean and cleandir targets.
241
242COPTS		Additional flags to the compiler when creating C objects.
243
244HIDEGAME	If HIDEGAME is defined, the binary is installed in
245		/usr/games/hide, and a symbolic link is created to
246		/usr/games/dm.
247
248LDADD		Additional loader objects.  Usually used for libraries.
249		For example, to load with the compatibility and utility
250		libraries, use:
251
252			LDADD+=-lutil -lcompat
253
254LDFLAGS		Additional loader flags.
255
256LINKS		The list of binary links; should be full pathnames, the
257		linked-to file coming first, followed by the linked
258		file.  The files are hard-linked.  For example, to link
259		/bin/test and /bin/[, use:
260
261			LINKS=	${DESTDIR}/bin/test ${DESTDIR}/bin/[
262
263MAN		Manual pages (should end in .1 - .9).  If no MAN variable is
264		defined, "MAN=${PROG}.1" is assumed.
265
266PROG		The name of the program to build.  If not supplied, nothing
267		is built.
268
269SRCS		List of source files to build the program.  If PROG is not
270		defined, it's assumed to be ${PROG}.c.
271
272DPADD		Additional dependencies for the program.  Usually used for
273		libraries.  For example, to depend on the compatibility and
274		utility libraries use:
275
276			DPADD+=${LIBCOMPAT} ${LIBUTIL}
277
278		The following libraries are predefined for DPADD:
279
280			LIBC		/lib/libc.a
281			LIBCOMPAT	/usr/lib/libcompat.a
282			LIBCRYPT	/usr/lib/libcrypt.a
283			LIBCURSES	/usr/lib/libcurses.a
284			LIBDBM		/usr/lib/libdbm.a
285			LIBDES		/usr/lib/libdes.a
286			LIBL		/usr/lib/libl.a
287			LIBKDB		/usr/lib/libkdb.a
288			LIBKRB		/usr/lib/libkrb.a
289			LIBKVM		/usr/lib/libkvm.a
290			LIBM		/usr/lib/libm.a
291			LIBMP		/usr/lib/libmp.a
292			LIBPC		/usr/lib/libpc.a
293			LIBPLOT		/usr/lib/libplot.a
294			LIBRPC		/usr/lib/sunrpc.a
295			LIBTERM		/usr/lib/libterm.a
296			LIBUTIL		/usr/lib/libutil.a
297
298SHAREDSTRINGS	If defined, a new .c.o rule is used that results in shared
299		strings, using xstr(1). Note that this will not work with
300		parallel makes.
301
302STRIP		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
303		to be stripped.
304
305SUBDIR		A list of subdirectories that should be built as well.
306		Each of the targets will execute the same target in the
307		subdirectories.
308
309The include file <bsd.prog.mk> includes the file named "../Makefile.inc"
310if it exists, as well as the include file <bsd.man.mk>.
311
312Some simple examples:
313
314To build foo from foo.c with a manual page foo.1, use:
315
316	PROG=	foo
317
318	.include <bsd.prog.mk>
319
320To build foo from foo.c with a manual page foo.2, add the line:
321
322	MAN=	foo.2
323
324If foo does not have a manual page at all, add the line:
325
326	NOMAN=	noman
327
328If foo has multiple source files, add the line:
329
330	SRCS=	a.c b.c c.c d.c
331
332=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
333
334The include file <bsd.subdir.mk> contains the default targets for building
335subdirectories.  It has the same eight targets as <bsd.prog.mk>: all, 
336clean, cleandir, depend, includes, install, lint, and tags.  For all of
337the directories listed in the variable SUBDIRS, the specified directory 
338will be visited and the target made.  There is also a default target which
339allows the command "make subdir" where subdir is any directory listed in
340the variable SUBDIRS.
341
342=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
343
344The include file <bsd.sys.mk> is used by <bsd.prog.mk> and
345<bsd.lib.mk>.  It contains overrides that are used when building
346the NetBSD source tree.  For instance, if "PARALLEL" is defined by
347the program/library Makefile, it includes a set of rules for lex and
348yacc that allow multiple lex and yacc targets to be built in parallel.
349
350=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
351
352The include file <bsd.lib.mk> has support for building libraries.  It has
353the same eight targets as <bsd.prog.mk>: all, clean, cleandir, depend,
354includes, install, lint, and tags.  It has a limited number of suffixes,
355consistent with the current needs of the BSD tree.
356
357It sets/uses the following variables:
358
359LIB		The name of the library to build.
360
361LIBDIR		Target directory for libraries.
362
363LINTLIBDIR	Target directory for lint libraries.
364
365LIBGRP		Library group.
366
367LIBOWN		Library owner.
368
369LIBMODE		Library mode.
370
371LDADD		Additional loader objects.
372
373MAN		The manual pages to be installed (use a .1 - .9 suffix).
374
375SRCS		List of source files to build the library.  Suffix types
376		.s, .c, and .f are supported.  Note, .s files are preferred
377		to .c files of the same name.  (This is not the default for
378		versions of make.)
379
380The include file <bsd.lib.mk> includes the file named "../Makefile.inc"
381if it exists, as well as the include file <bsd.man.mk>.
382
383It has rules for building profiled objects; profiled libraries are
384built by default.
385
386Libraries are ranlib'd when made.
387