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      1 /* $NetBSD: lint1.h,v 1.237 2025/07/11 19:03:01 rillig Exp $ */
      2 
      3 /*
      4  * Copyright (c) 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou.  All Rights Reserved.
      5  * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Jochen Pohl
      6  * All Rights Reserved.
      7  *
      8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     10  * are met:
     11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
     17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
     18  *	This product includes software developed by Jochen Pohl for
     19  *	The NetBSD Project.
     20  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
     21  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
     22  *
     23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
     24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
     25  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
     26  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
     27  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
     28  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
     29  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
     30  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
     31  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
     32  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
     33  */
     34 
     35 #include "lint.h"
     36 #include "op.h"
     37 
     38 /*
     39  * A memory pool collects allocated objects that must be available until:
     40  * - the end of a block,
     41  * - the end of an expression, or
     42  * - the end of the translation unit.
     43  */
     44 typedef struct memory_pool {
     45 	struct memory_pool_item {
     46 		void *p;
     47 #ifdef DEBUG_MEM
     48 		size_t size;
     49 		const char *descr;
     50 #endif
     51 	} *items;
     52 	size_t	len;
     53 	size_t	cap;
     54 } memory_pool;
     55 
     56 /* See saved_lwarn in cgram.y. */
     57 #define LWARN_ALL	(-2)
     58 #define LWARN_NONE	(-1)
     59 
     60 /*
     61  * Describes the position of a declaration or anything else.
     62  *
     63  * FIXME: Just a single file:lineno pair is not enough to accurately describe
     64  *  the position of a symbol.  The whole inclusion path at that point must be
     65  *  stored as well.  This makes a difference for symbols from included
     66  *  headers, see print_stack_trace.
     67  */
     68 typedef struct {
     69 	const char *p_file;
     70 	int	p_line;
     71 	int	p_uniq;			/* uniquifier */
     72 } pos_t;
     73 
     74 typedef struct {
     75 	bool tq_const;
     76 	bool tq_restrict;
     77 	bool tq_volatile;
     78 	bool tq_atomic;
     79 } type_qualifiers;
     80 
     81 typedef struct {
     82 	bool used;
     83 	bool noreturn;
     84 	unsigned bit_width;
     85 } type_attributes;
     86 
     87 /* A bool, integer or floating-point value. */
     88 typedef struct {
     89 	tspec_t	v_tspec;
     90 	/*
     91 	 * Set if an integer constant is unsigned only in C90 and later, but
     92 	 * not in traditional C.
     93 	 *
     94 	 * See the operators table in oper.c, columns "l r".
     95 	 */
     96 	bool	v_unsigned_since_c90;
     97 	bool	v_char_constant;
     98 	union {
     99 		int64_t		integer;
    100 		long double	floating;
    101 	} u;
    102 } val_t;
    103 
    104 typedef struct sym sym_t;
    105 
    106 /*
    107  * Structures of type struct_or_union uniquely identify structures. This can't
    108  * be done in structures of type type_t, because these are copied if they must
    109  * be modified. So it would not be possible to check if two structures are
    110  * identical by comparing the pointers to the type structures.
    111  *
    112  * If the structure has no tag name, its first typedef name is used to identify
    113  * the structure in lint2.
    114  */
    115 typedef struct {
    116 	unsigned int sou_size_in_bits;
    117 	unsigned int sou_align;
    118 	bool	sou_incomplete:1;
    119 	sym_t	*sou_first_member;
    120 	sym_t	*sou_tag;
    121 	sym_t	*sou_first_typedef;
    122 } struct_or_union;
    123 
    124 /* The same as in struct_or_union, only for enums. */
    125 typedef struct {
    126 	bool	en_incomplete:1;
    127 	sym_t	*en_first_enumerator;
    128 	sym_t	*en_tag;
    129 	sym_t	*en_first_typedef;
    130 } enumeration;
    131 
    132 /* The type of an expression, object or function. */
    133 struct lint1_type {
    134 	tspec_t	t_tspec;	/* type specifier */
    135 	bool	t_incomplete_array:1;
    136 	bool	t_const:1;
    137 	bool	t_volatile:1;
    138 	bool	t_proto:1;	/* function prototype (u.params valid) */
    139 	bool	t_vararg:1;	/* prototype with '...' */
    140 	bool	t_noreturn:1;	/* function never returns normally */
    141 	bool	t_typedef:1;	/* type defined with typedef */
    142 	bool	t_typeof:1;	/* type defined with GCC's __typeof__ */
    143 	bool	t_bitfield:1;
    144 	/*
    145 	 * Either the type is currently an enum (having t_tspec ENUM), or it
    146 	 * is an integer type (typically INT) that has been implicitly
    147 	 * converted from an enum type.  In both cases, u.enumer is valid.
    148 	 */
    149 	bool	t_is_enum:1;
    150 	bool	t_packed:1;
    151 	union {
    152 		int		dimension;	/* if ARRAY */
    153 		struct_or_union	*sou;
    154 		enumeration	*enumer;
    155 		sym_t		*params;	/* if t_proto */
    156 	} u;
    157 	unsigned int	t_bit_field_width:8;
    158 	unsigned int	t_bit_field_offset:24;
    159 	struct lint1_type *t_subt;	/*- element type (if ARRAY),
    160 					 * return value (if FUNC),
    161 					 * target type (if PTR) */
    162 };
    163 
    164 typedef enum {
    165 	SK_VCFT,		/* variable, constant, function, type */
    166 	SK_MEMBER,		/* member of a struct or union */
    167 	SK_TAG,
    168 	SK_LABEL
    169 } symbol_kind;
    170 
    171 /* storage classes and related things */
    172 typedef enum {
    173 	NO_SCL,
    174 	EXTERN,			/* external symbols (independent of decl_t) */
    175 	STATIC,			/* static symbols (local and global) */
    176 	AUTO,			/* automatic symbols (except register) */
    177 	REG,			/* register */
    178 	TYPEDEF,
    179 	THREAD_LOCAL,
    180 	STRUCT_TAG,
    181 	UNION_TAG,
    182 	ENUM_TAG,
    183 	STRUCT_MEMBER,
    184 	UNION_MEMBER,
    185 	BOOL_CONST,
    186 	ENUM_CONST,
    187 	ABSTRACT,		/* abstract symbol (sizeof, casts, unnamed
    188 				 * argument) */
    189 } scl_t;
    190 
    191 /* C23 6.7.4 */
    192 typedef enum {
    193 	FS_INLINE,		/* since C99 */
    194 	FS_NORETURN,		/* since C11 */
    195 } function_specifier;
    196 
    197 typedef enum {
    198 	NC_FALSE,		/* since C23 */
    199 	NC_TRUE,		/* since C23 */
    200 	NC_NULLPTR,		/* since C23 */
    201 } named_constant;
    202 
    203 /* A type, variable, keyword; basically anything that has a name. */
    204 struct sym {
    205 	const char *s_name;
    206 	const char *s_rename;	/* renamed symbol's given name */
    207 	pos_t	s_def_pos;	/* position of last (prototype) definition,
    208 				 * prototype declaration, no-prototype-def.,
    209 				 * tentative definition or declaration, in this
    210 				 * order */
    211 	pos_t	s_set_pos;	/* position of first initialization */
    212 	pos_t	s_use_pos;	/* position of first use */
    213 	symbol_kind s_kind;
    214 	const struct keyword *s_keyword;
    215 	bool	s_bitfield:1;
    216 	bool	s_set:1;
    217 	bool	s_used:1;
    218 	bool	s_param:1;
    219 	bool	s_register:1;
    220 	bool	s_defparam:1;	/* undefined symbol in old-style function
    221 				 * definition */
    222 	bool	s_return_type_implicit_int:1;
    223 	bool	s_osdef:1;	/* symbol stems from old-style function def. */
    224 	bool	s_inline:1;
    225 	sym_t	*s_ext_sym;	/* for locally declared external symbols, the
    226 				 * pointer to the external symbol with the same
    227 				 * name */
    228 	def_t	s_def;		/* declared, tentative defined, defined */
    229 	scl_t	s_scl;
    230 	int	s_block_level;	/* level of declaration, -1 if not in symbol
    231 				 * table */
    232 	type_t	*s_type;
    233 	union {
    234 		bool s_bool_constant;
    235 		int s_enum_constant;
    236 		struct {
    237 			struct_or_union *sm_containing_type;
    238 			unsigned int sm_offset_in_bits;
    239 		} s_member;
    240 		struct {
    241 			int sk_token;
    242 			union {
    243 				/* if T_TYPE or T_STRUCT_OR_UNION */
    244 				tspec_t sk_tspec;
    245 				/* if T_QUAL */
    246 				type_qualifiers sk_type_qualifier;
    247 				/* if T_FUNCTION_SPECIFIER */
    248 				function_specifier function_specifier;
    249 				/* if T_CON */
    250 				named_constant named_constant;
    251 			} u;
    252 		} s_keyword;
    253 		sym_t	*s_old_style_params;	/* parameters in an old-style
    254 						 * function definition */
    255 		/*
    256 		 * Only for string initializers with automatic size.
    257 		 * Does not take '\0' characters in the middle into account.
    258 		 */
    259 		size_t s_array_nonnull_dimension;
    260 	} u;
    261 	sym_t	*s_symtab_next;	/* next symbol in the same symtab bucket */
    262 	sym_t	**s_symtab_ref;	/* pointer to s_symtab_next of the previous
    263 				 * symbol */
    264 	sym_t	*s_next;	/* next struct/union member, enumerator,
    265 				 * parameter */
    266 	sym_t	*s_level_next;	/* next symbol declared on the same level */
    267 };
    268 
    269 /*
    270  * Used to keep some information about symbols before they are entered
    271  * into the symbol table.
    272  */
    273 typedef struct {
    274 	const char *sb_name;		/* name of symbol */
    275 	size_t	sb_len;			/* length (without '\0') */
    276 	sym_t	*sb_sym;		/* symbol table entry */
    277 } sbuf_t;
    278 
    279 
    280 typedef struct {
    281 	struct tnode *func;
    282 	struct tnode **args;
    283 	size_t args_len;
    284 	size_t args_cap;
    285 } function_call;
    286 
    287 typedef struct tnode tnode_t;
    288 
    289 /* An expression, forming an abstract syntax tree. */
    290 struct tnode {
    291 	op_t	tn_op;
    292 	type_t	*tn_type;
    293 	bool	tn_lvalue:1;
    294 	bool	tn_cast:1;	/* if tn_op == CVT, it's an explicit cast */
    295 	bool	tn_parenthesized:1;
    296 	bool	tn_sys:1;	/* comes from a system header */
    297 	bool	tn_system_dependent:1; /* depends on sizeof or offsetof */
    298 	union {
    299 		struct {
    300 			tnode_t *left;	/* (left) operand */
    301 			tnode_t *right;	/* right operand */
    302 		} ops;
    303 		sym_t	*sym;		/* if NAME */
    304 		val_t	value;		/* if CON */
    305 		buffer	*str_literals;	/* if STRING; for
    306 					 * character strings, 'data' points to
    307 					 * the concatenated string literals in
    308 					 * source form, and 'len' is the
    309 					 * length of the concatenation; for
    310 					 * wide strings, 'data' is NULL and
    311 					 * 'len' is the number of resulting
    312 					 * characters */
    313 		function_call *call;	/* if CALL */
    314 	} u;
    315 };
    316 
    317 struct generic_association {
    318 	type_t *ga_arg;		/* NULL means default or error */
    319 	tnode_t *ga_result;	/* NULL means error */
    320 	struct generic_association *ga_prev;
    321 };
    322 
    323 typedef struct {
    324 	bool has_dim;
    325 	int dim;
    326 } array_size;
    327 
    328 typedef enum decl_level_kind {
    329 	DLK_EXTERN,		/* global types, variables or functions */
    330 	DLK_STRUCT,		/* struct members */
    331 	DLK_UNION,		/* union members */
    332 	DLK_ENUM,		/* enum constants */
    333 	DLK_OLD_STYLE_PARAMS,	/* parameters in an old-style function
    334 				 * definition */
    335 	DLK_PROTO_PARAMS,	/* parameters in a prototype function
    336 				 * definition */
    337 	DLK_AUTO,		/* local types or variables */
    338 	DLK_ABSTRACT		/* abstract (unnamed) declaration; type name;
    339 				 * used in casts and sizeof */
    340 } decl_level_kind;
    341 
    342 /*
    343  * A declaration level collects information for a declarator in a struct,
    344  * union or enum declaration, a parameter declaration list, or a plain
    345  * declaration in or outside a function body.
    346  *
    347  * For nested declarations, the global 'dcs' holds all information needed for
    348  * the current level, the outer levels are available via 'd_enclosing'.
    349  */
    350 typedef struct decl_level {
    351 	decl_level_kind d_kind;
    352 	tspec_t	d_abstract_type;/* VOID, BOOL, CHAR, INT or COMPLEX */
    353 	tspec_t	d_complex_mod;	/* FLOAT or DOUBLE */
    354 	tspec_t	d_sign_mod;	/* SIGNED or UNSIGN */
    355 	tspec_t	d_rank_mod;	/* SHORT, LONG or LLONG */
    356 	scl_t	d_scl;		/* storage class */
    357 	type_t	*d_type;	/* after dcs_end_type, the pointer to the type
    358 				 * used for all declarators */
    359 	sym_t	*d_redeclared_symbol;
    360 	unsigned int d_sou_size_in_bits;	/* size of the structure or
    361 						 * union being built, without
    362 						 * trailing padding */
    363 	unsigned int d_sou_align;	/* alignment of the structure
    364 					 * or union being built */
    365 	unsigned int d_mem_align;	/* alignment of the structure
    366 					 * or union member */
    367 	type_qualifiers d_qual;	/* in declaration specifiers */
    368 	bool	d_inline:1;	/* inline in declaration specifiers */
    369 	bool	d_multiple_storage_classes:1; /* reported in dcs_end_type */
    370 	bool	d_invalid_type_combination:1;
    371 	bool	d_nonempty_decl:1; /* in a function declaration, whether at
    372 				 * least one tag was declared */
    373 	bool	d_no_type_specifier:1;
    374 	bool	d_asm:1;	/* set if d_ctx == AUTO and asm() present */
    375 	bool	d_packed:1;
    376 	bool	d_used:1;
    377 	bool	d_noreturn:1;	/* function never returns normally */
    378 	type_t	*d_tag_type;	/* during a member or enumerator declaration,
    379 				 * the tag type to which the member belongs */
    380 	sym_t	*d_func_params;	/* during a function declaration, the
    381 				 * parameters, stored in the enclosing level */
    382 	pos_t	d_func_def_pos;	/* position of the function definition */
    383 	sym_t	*d_first_dlsym;	/* first symbol declared at this level */
    384 	sym_t	**d_last_dlsym;	/* points to s_level_next in the last symbol
    385 				   declaration at this level */
    386 	sym_t	*d_func_proto_syms;	/* symbols defined in prototype, such
    387 					 * as tagged types or parameter names,
    388 					 * may overlap d_func_params */
    389 	struct decl_level *d_enclosing; /* the enclosing declaration level */
    390 } decl_level;
    391 
    392 typedef struct {
    393 	sym_t	*first;
    394 	bool	vararg:1;
    395 	bool	prototype:1;
    396 	bool	used:1;
    397 	bool	noreturn:1;
    398 	bool	identifier:1;
    399 } parameter_list;
    400 
    401 /*
    402  * A sequence of asterisks and qualifiers, from right to left.  For example,
    403  * 'const ***volatile **const volatile' results in [c-v-, ----, --v-, ----,
    404  * ----].  The leftmost 'const' is not included in this list, it is stored in
    405  * dcs->d_qual instead.
    406  */
    407 typedef struct qual_ptr {
    408 	type_qualifiers qualifiers;
    409 	struct qual_ptr *p_next;
    410 } qual_ptr;
    411 
    412 /* The values of the 'case' labels. */
    413 typedef struct {
    414 	val_t	*vals;
    415 	size_t	len;
    416 	size_t	cap;
    417 } case_labels;
    418 
    419 typedef enum {
    420 	CS_DO_WHILE,
    421 	CS_FOR,
    422 	CS_FUNCTION_BODY,
    423 	CS_IF,
    424 	CS_SWITCH,
    425 	CS_WHILE
    426 } control_statement_kind;
    427 
    428 /*
    429  * Used to keep information about nested control statements.
    430  */
    431 typedef struct control_statement {
    432 	control_statement_kind c_kind;	/* to ensure proper nesting */
    433 	bool	c_loop:1;	/* 'continue' and 'break' are valid */
    434 	bool	c_switch:1;	/* 'case' and 'break' are valid */
    435 	bool	c_break:1;	/* the loop/switch has a reachable 'break'
    436 				 * statement */
    437 	bool	c_continue:1;	/* the loop has a reachable 'continue'
    438 				 * statement */
    439 	bool	c_default:1;	/* the switch has a 'default' label */
    440 	bool	c_maybe_endless:1;	/* the controlling expression is
    441 					 * always true (as in 'for (;;)' or
    442 					 * 'while (1)'), there may be break
    443 					 * statements though */
    444 	bool	c_always_then:1;
    445 	bool	c_reached_end_of_then:1;
    446 	bool	c_had_return_noval:1;	/* had "return;" */
    447 	bool	c_had_return_value:1;	/* had "return expr;" */
    448 
    449 	type_t	*c_switch_type;	/* type of switch expression */
    450 	tnode_t	*c_switch_expr;
    451 	case_labels c_case_labels;	/* list of case values */
    452 
    453 	memory_pool c_for_expr3_mem;	/* saved memory for end of loop
    454 					 * expression in for() */
    455 	tnode_t	*c_for_expr3;	/* end of loop expr in for() */
    456 	pos_t	c_for_expr3_pos;	/* position of end of loop expr */
    457 	pos_t	c_for_expr3_csrc_pos;	/* same for csrc_pos */
    458 
    459 	struct control_statement *c_surrounding;
    460 } control_statement;
    461 
    462 typedef struct {
    463 	size_t lo;		/* inclusive */
    464 	size_t hi;		/* inclusive */
    465 } range_t;
    466 
    467 typedef enum designator_kind {
    468 	DK_MEMBER,		/* .member */
    469 	DK_SUBSCRIPT,		/* [subscript] */
    470 	DK_SCALAR		/* no textual representation, not generated by
    471 				 * the parser; used for scalar initializer
    472 				 * expressions surrounded by braces */
    473 } designator_kind;
    474 
    475 /*
    476  * A single component on the path from the "current object" of a brace level
    477  * to the sub-object that is initialized by an expression.
    478  *
    479  * C99 6.7.8p6, 6.7.8p7
    480  */
    481 typedef struct designator {
    482 	designator_kind	dr_kind;
    483 	const sym_t	*dr_member;	/* for DK_MEMBER */
    484 	size_t		dr_subscript;	/* for DK_SUBSCRIPT */
    485 	bool		dr_done;
    486 } designator;
    487 
    488 /*
    489  * The path from the "current object" of a brace level to the sub-object that
    490  * is initialized by an expression.  Examples of designations are '.member'
    491  * or '.member[123].member.member[1][1]'.
    492  *
    493  * C99 6.7.8p6, 6.7.8p7
    494  */
    495 typedef struct designation {
    496 	designator	*dn_items;
    497 	size_t		dn_len;
    498 	size_t		dn_cap;
    499 } designation;
    500 
    501 typedef enum {
    502 	LC_ARGSUSED,
    503 	LC_BITFIELDTYPE,
    504 	LC_FALLTHROUGH,
    505 	LC_LINTLIBRARY,
    506 	LC_LINTED,
    507 	LC_LONGLONG,
    508 	LC_NOTREACHED,
    509 	LC_PRINTFLIKE,
    510 	LC_PROTOLIB,
    511 	LC_SCANFLIKE,
    512 	LC_VARARGS,
    513 } lint_comment;
    514 
    515 typedef struct {
    516 	size_t start;
    517 	size_t end;
    518 	uint64_t value;
    519 	bool escaped;		/* \n, \003, \x24 */
    520 	bool named_escape;	/* \a, \n, etc. */
    521 	bool literal_escape;	/* \?, \\, etc. */
    522 	uint8_t octal_digits;	/* 1 to 3; 0 means not applicable */
    523 	uint8_t hex_digits;	/* 1 to 3; 0 means not applicable */
    524 	bool next_literal;	/* when a new string literal begins */
    525 	bool invalid_escape;	/* single-character escape, recoverable */
    526 	bool overflow;		/* for octal and hex escapes */
    527 	bool missing_hex_digits;
    528 	bool unescaped_newline;	/* stops iterating */
    529 } quoted_iterator;
    530 
    531 typedef enum {
    532 	TK_IDENTIFIER,
    533 	TK_CONSTANT,
    534 	TK_STRING_LITERALS,
    535 	TK_PUNCTUATOR,
    536 } token_kind;
    537 
    538 typedef struct token {
    539 	token_kind kind;
    540 	union {
    541 		const char *identifier;
    542 		val_t constant;
    543 		buffer string_literals;
    544 		const char *punctuator;
    545 	} u;
    546 } token;
    547 
    548 typedef struct balanced_token_sequence balanced_token_sequence;
    549 typedef struct balanced_token balanced_token;
    550 
    551 struct balanced_token_sequence {
    552 	balanced_token *tokens;
    553 	size_t len;
    554 	size_t cap;
    555 };
    556 
    557 struct balanced_token {
    558 	char kind;	// '\0', '(', '[', '{'
    559 	union {
    560 		token token;
    561 		balanced_token_sequence tokens;
    562 	} u;
    563 };
    564 
    565 typedef struct {
    566 	const char *prefix;
    567 	const char *name;
    568 	balanced_token_sequence *arg;
    569 } attribute;
    570 
    571 typedef struct {
    572 	attribute *attrs;
    573 	size_t len;
    574 	size_t cap;
    575 } attribute_list;
    576 
    577 #include "externs1.h"
    578 
    579 #define lint_assert(cond)						\
    580 	do {								\
    581 		if (!(cond))						\
    582 			assert_failed(__FILE__, __LINE__, __func__, #cond); \
    583 	} while (false)
    584 
    585 #ifdef DEBUG
    586 #  include "err-msgs.h"
    587 
    588 /* ARGSUSED */
    589 static inline void __printflike(1, 2)
    590 check_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
    591 {
    592 }
    593 
    594 #  define wrap_check_printf_at(func, msgid, pos, args...)		\
    595 	do {								\
    596 		check_printf(__CONCAT(MSG_, msgid), ##args);		\
    597 		(func)(msgid, pos, ##args);				\
    598 	} while (false)
    599 
    600 #  define error_at(msgid, pos, args...) \
    601 	wrap_check_printf_at(error_at, msgid, pos, ##args)
    602 #  define warning_at(msgid, pos, args...) \
    603 	wrap_check_printf_at(warning_at, msgid, pos, ##args)
    604 #  define message_at(msgid, pos, args...) \
    605 	wrap_check_printf_at(message_at, msgid, pos, ##args)
    606 
    607 #  define wrap_check_printf(func, cond, msgid, args...)			\
    608 	({								\
    609 		if (cond)						\
    610 			debug_step("%s:%d: %s %d '%s' in %s",		\
    611 			    __FILE__, __LINE__,	#func, msgid,		\
    612 			    __CONCAT(MSG_, msgid), __func__);		\
    613 		check_printf(__CONCAT(MSG_, msgid), ##args);		\
    614 		(func)(msgid, ##args);					\
    615 		/* LINTED 129 */					\
    616 	})
    617 
    618 #  define error(msgid, args...) wrap_check_printf(error, \
    619     true, msgid, ##args)
    620 #  define warning(msgid, args...) wrap_check_printf(warning, \
    621     true, msgid, ##args)
    622 #  define gnuism(msgid, args...) wrap_check_printf(gnuism, \
    623     !allow_gcc || (!allow_trad && !allow_c99), msgid, ##args)
    624 #  define c99ism(msgid, args...) wrap_check_printf(c99ism, \
    625     !allow_c99 && (!allow_gcc || !allow_trad), msgid, ##args)
    626 #  define c11ism(msgid, args...) wrap_check_printf(c11ism, \
    627     !allow_c11 && !allow_gcc, msgid, ##args)
    628 #  define c23ism(msgid, args...) wrap_check_printf(c23ism, \
    629     !allow_c23, msgid, ##args)
    630 #endif
    631 
    632 #ifdef DEBUG
    633 #  define query_message(query_id, args...)				\
    634 	do {								\
    635 		debug_step("%s:%d: query %d '%s' in %s",		\
    636 		    __FILE__, __LINE__,					\
    637 		    query_id, __CONCAT(MSG_Q, query_id), __func__);	\
    638 		check_printf(__CONCAT(MSG_Q, query_id), ##args);	\
    639 		(query_message)(query_id, ##args);			\
    640 	} while (false)
    641 #else
    642 #  define query_message(...)						\
    643 	do {								\
    644 		if (any_query_enabled)					\
    645 			(query_message)(__VA_ARGS__);			\
    646 	} while (false)
    647 #endif
    648 
    649 /* Copies curr_pos, keeping things unique. */
    650 static inline pos_t
    651 unique_curr_pos(void)
    652 {
    653 	pos_t curr = curr_pos;
    654 	curr_pos.p_uniq++;
    655 	if (curr_pos.p_file == csrc_pos.p_file)
    656 		csrc_pos.p_uniq++;
    657 	return curr;
    658 }
    659 
    660 static inline bool
    661 is_nonzero_val(const val_t *val)
    662 {
    663 	return is_floating(val->v_tspec)
    664 	    ? val->u.floating != 0.0
    665 	    : val->u.integer != 0;
    666 }
    667 
    668 static inline bool
    669 constant_is_nonzero(const tnode_t *tn)
    670 {
    671 	lint_assert(tn->tn_op == CON);
    672 	lint_assert(tn->tn_type->t_tspec == tn->u.value.v_tspec);
    673 	return is_nonzero_val(&tn->u.value);
    674 }
    675 
    676 static inline bool
    677 is_zero(const tnode_t *tn)
    678 {
    679 	return tn != NULL && tn->tn_op == CON && !is_nonzero_val(&tn->u.value);
    680 }
    681 
    682 static inline bool
    683 is_nonzero(const tnode_t *tn)
    684 {
    685 	return tn != NULL && tn->tn_op == CON && is_nonzero_val(&tn->u.value);
    686 }
    687 
    688 static inline const char *
    689 op_name(op_t op)
    690 {
    691 	return modtab[op].m_name;
    692 }
    693 
    694 static inline bool
    695 is_binary(const tnode_t *tn)
    696 {
    697 	return modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary;
    698 }
    699 
    700 static inline uint64_t
    701 bit(unsigned i)
    702 {
    703 	/*
    704 	 * TODO: Add proper support for INT128. This involves changing val_t to
    705 	 * 128 bits.
    706 	 */
    707 	if (i >= 64)
    708 		return 0;	/* XXX: not correct for INT128 and UINT128 */
    709 
    710 	lint_assert(i < 64);
    711 	return (uint64_t)1 << i;
    712 }
    713 
    714 static inline bool
    715 msb(int64_t si, tspec_t t)
    716 {
    717 	return ((uint64_t)si & bit(size_in_bits(t) - 1)) != 0;
    718 }
    719 
    720 static inline uint64_t
    721 value_bits(unsigned bitsize)
    722 {
    723 	lint_assert(bitsize > 0);
    724 
    725 	/* for long double (80 or 128), double _Complex (128) */
    726 	/*
    727 	 * XXX: double _Complex does not have 128 bits of precision, therefore
    728 	 * it should never be necessary to query the value bits of such a type;
    729 	 * see d_c99_complex_split.c to trigger this case.
    730 	 */
    731 	if (bitsize >= 64)
    732 		return ~(uint64_t)0;
    733 
    734 	return ~(~(uint64_t)0 << bitsize);
    735 }
    736 
    737 /* C99 6.7.8p7 */
    738 static inline bool
    739 is_struct_or_union(tspec_t t)
    740 {
    741 	return t == STRUCT || t == UNION;
    742 }
    743 
    744 static inline bool
    745 is_member(const sym_t *sym)
    746 {
    747 	return sym->s_scl == STRUCT_MEMBER || sym->s_scl == UNION_MEMBER;
    748 }
    749 
    750 static inline void
    751 set_sym_kind(symbol_kind kind)
    752 {
    753 	if (yflag)
    754 		debug_step("%s: %s -> %s", __func__,
    755 		    symbol_kind_name(sym_kind), symbol_kind_name(kind));
    756 	sym_kind = kind;
    757 }
    758 
    759 static inline type_attributes
    760 merge_type_attributes(type_attributes a, type_attributes b)
    761 {
    762 	return (type_attributes){
    763 		.used = a.used || b.used,
    764 		.noreturn = a.noreturn || b.noreturn,
    765 		.bit_width = b.bit_width > 0 ? b.bit_width : a.bit_width,
    766 	};
    767 }
    768 
    769 static inline type_attributes
    770 no_type_attributes(void)
    771 {
    772 	return (type_attributes){ .used = false };
    773 }
    774