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      1 /******************************************************************************
      2  *
      3  * Module Name: exconvrt - Object conversion routines
      4  *
      5  *****************************************************************************/
      6 
      7 /******************************************************************************
      8  *
      9  * 1. Copyright Notice
     10  *
     11  * Some or all of this work - Copyright (c) 1999 - 2025, Intel Corp.
     12  * All rights reserved.
     13  *
     14  * 2. License
     15  *
     16  * 2.1. This is your license from Intel Corp. under its intellectual property
     17  * rights. You may have additional license terms from the party that provided
     18  * you this software, covering your right to use that party's intellectual
     19  * property rights.
     20  *
     21  * 2.2. Intel grants, free of charge, to any person ("Licensee") obtaining a
     22  * copy of the source code appearing in this file ("Covered Code") an
     23  * irrevocable, perpetual, worldwide license under Intel's copyrights in the
     24  * base code distributed originally by Intel ("Original Intel Code") to copy,
     25  * make derivatives, distribute, use and display any portion of the Covered
     26  * Code in any form, with the right to sublicense such rights; and
     27  *
     28  * 2.3. Intel grants Licensee a non-exclusive and non-transferable patent
     29  * license (with the right to sublicense), under only those claims of Intel
     30  * patents that are infringed by the Original Intel Code, to make, use, sell,
     31  * offer to sell, and import the Covered Code and derivative works thereof
     32  * solely to the minimum extent necessary to exercise the above copyright
     33  * license, and in no event shall the patent license extend to any additions
     34  * to or modifications of the Original Intel Code. No other license or right
     35  * is granted directly or by implication, estoppel or otherwise;
     36  *
     37  * The above copyright and patent license is granted only if the following
     38  * conditions are met:
     39  *
     40  * 3. Conditions
     41  *
     42  * 3.1. Redistribution of Source with Rights to Further Distribute Source.
     43  * Redistribution of source code of any substantial portion of the Covered
     44  * Code or modification with rights to further distribute source must include
     45  * the above Copyright Notice, the above License, this list of Conditions,
     46  * and the following Disclaimer and Export Compliance provision. In addition,
     47  * Licensee must cause all Covered Code to which Licensee contributes to
     48  * contain a file documenting the changes Licensee made to create that Covered
     49  * Code and the date of any change. Licensee must include in that file the
     50  * documentation of any changes made by any predecessor Licensee. Licensee
     51  * must include a prominent statement that the modification is derived,
     52  * directly or indirectly, from Original Intel Code.
     53  *
     54  * 3.2. Redistribution of Source with no Rights to Further Distribute Source.
     55  * Redistribution of source code of any substantial portion of the Covered
     56  * Code or modification without rights to further distribute source must
     57  * include the following Disclaimer and Export Compliance provision in the
     58  * documentation and/or other materials provided with distribution. In
     59  * addition, Licensee may not authorize further sublicense of source of any
     60  * portion of the Covered Code, and must include terms to the effect that the
     61  * license from Licensee to its licensee is limited to the intellectual
     62  * property embodied in the software Licensee provides to its licensee, and
     63  * not to intellectual property embodied in modifications its licensee may
     64  * make.
     65  *
     66  * 3.3. Redistribution of Executable. Redistribution in executable form of any
     67  * substantial portion of the Covered Code or modification must reproduce the
     68  * above Copyright Notice, and the following Disclaimer and Export Compliance
     69  * provision in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
     70  * distribution.
     71  *
     72  * 3.4. Intel retains all right, title, and interest in and to the Original
     73  * Intel Code.
     74  *
     75  * 3.5. Neither the name Intel nor any other trademark owned or controlled by
     76  * Intel shall be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
     77  * other dealings in products derived from or relating to the Covered Code
     78  * without prior written authorization from Intel.
     79  *
     80  * 4. Disclaimer and Export Compliance
     81  *
     82  * 4.1. INTEL MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND REGARDING ANY SOFTWARE PROVIDED
     83  * HERE. ANY SOFTWARE ORIGINATING FROM INTEL OR DERIVED FROM INTEL SOFTWARE
     84  * IS PROVIDED "AS IS," AND INTEL WILL NOT PROVIDE ANY SUPPORT, ASSISTANCE,
     85  * INSTALLATION, TRAINING OR OTHER SERVICES. INTEL WILL NOT PROVIDE ANY
     86  * UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS OR EXTENSIONS. INTEL SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY
     87  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT AND FITNESS FOR A
     88  * PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
     89  *
     90  * 4.2. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTEL HAVE ANY LIABILITY TO LICENSEE, ITS LICENSEES
     91  * OR ANY OTHER THIRD PARTY, FOR ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST DATA, LOSS OF USE OR
     92  * COSTS OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES, OR FOR ANY INDIRECT,
     93  * SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT, UNDER ANY
     94  * CAUSE OF ACTION OR THEORY OF LIABILITY, AND IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER INTEL
     95  * HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THESE LIMITATIONS
     96  * SHALL APPLY NOTWITHSTANDING THE FAILURE OF THE ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF ANY
     97  * LIMITED REMEDY.
     98  *
     99  * 4.3. Licensee shall not export, either directly or indirectly, any of this
    100  * software or system incorporating such software without first obtaining any
    101  * required license or other approval from the U. S. Department of Commerce or
    102  * any other agency or department of the United States Government. In the
    103  * event Licensee exports any such software from the United States or
    104  * re-exports any such software from a foreign destination, Licensee shall
    105  * ensure that the distribution and export/re-export of the software is in
    106  * compliance with all laws, regulations, orders, or other restrictions of the
    107  * U.S. Export Administration Regulations. Licensee agrees that neither it nor
    108  * any of its subsidiaries will export/re-export any technical data, process,
    109  * software, or service, directly or indirectly, to any country for which the
    110  * United States government or any agency thereof requires an export license,
    111  * other governmental approval, or letter of assurance, without first obtaining
    112  * such license, approval or letter.
    113  *
    114  *****************************************************************************
    115  *
    116  * Alternatively, you may choose to be licensed under the terms of the
    117  * following license:
    118  *
    119  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    120  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    121  * are met:
    122  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    123  *    notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
    124  *    without modification.
    125  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
    126  *    substantially similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below
    127  *    ("Disclaimer") and any redistribution must be conditioned upon
    128  *    including a substantially similar Disclaimer requirement for further
    129  *    binary redistribution.
    130  * 3. Neither the names of the above-listed copyright holders nor the names
    131  *    of any contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
    132  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
    133  *
    134  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
    135  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
    136  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
    137  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
    138  * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
    139  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
    140  * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
    141  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
    142  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
    143  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
    144  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
    145  *
    146  * Alternatively, you may choose to be licensed under the terms of the
    147  * GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 as published by the Free
    148  * Software Foundation.
    149  *
    150  *****************************************************************************/
    151 
    152 #include "acpi.h"
    153 #include "accommon.h"
    154 #include "acinterp.h"
    155 #include "amlcode.h"
    156 
    157 
    158 #define _COMPONENT          ACPI_EXECUTER
    159         ACPI_MODULE_NAME    ("exconvrt")
    160 
    161 /* Local prototypes */
    162 
    163 static UINT32
    164 AcpiExConvertToAscii (
    165     UINT64                  Integer,
    166     UINT16                  Base,
    167     UINT8                   *String,
    168     UINT8                   MaxLength,
    169     BOOLEAN                 LeadingZeros);
    170 
    171 
    172 /*******************************************************************************
    173  *
    174  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExConvertToInteger
    175  *
    176  * PARAMETERS:  ObjDesc             - Object to be converted. Must be an
    177  *                                    Integer, Buffer, or String
    178  *              ResultDesc          - Where the new Integer object is returned
    179  *              ImplicitConversion  - Used for string conversion
    180  *
    181  * RETURN:      Status
    182  *
    183  * DESCRIPTION: Convert an ACPI Object to an integer.
    184  *
    185  ******************************************************************************/
    186 
    187 ACPI_STATUS
    188 AcpiExConvertToInteger (
    189     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ObjDesc,
    190     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     **ResultDesc,
    191     UINT32                  ImplicitConversion)
    192 {
    193     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ReturnDesc;
    194     UINT8                   *Pointer;
    195     UINT64                  Result;
    196     UINT32                  i;
    197     UINT32                  Count;
    198 
    199 
    200     ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_PTR (ExConvertToInteger, ObjDesc);
    201 
    202 
    203     switch (ObjDesc->Common.Type)
    204     {
    205     case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
    206 
    207         /* No conversion necessary */
    208 
    209         *ResultDesc = ObjDesc;
    210         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
    211 
    212     case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
    213     case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
    214 
    215         /* Note: Takes advantage of common buffer/string fields */
    216 
    217         Pointer = ObjDesc->Buffer.Pointer;
    218         Count   = ObjDesc->Buffer.Length;
    219         break;
    220 
    221     default:
    222 
    223         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_TYPE);
    224     }
    225 
    226     /*
    227      * Convert the buffer/string to an integer. Note that both buffers and
    228      * strings are treated as raw data - we don't convert ascii to hex for
    229      * strings.
    230      *
    231      * There are two terminating conditions for the loop:
    232      * 1) The size of an integer has been reached, or
    233      * 2) The end of the buffer or string has been reached
    234      */
    235     Result = 0;
    236 
    237     /* String conversion is different than Buffer conversion */
    238 
    239     switch (ObjDesc->Common.Type)
    240     {
    241     case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
    242         /*
    243          * Convert string to an integer - for most cases, the string must be
    244          * hexadecimal as per the ACPI specification. The only exception (as
    245          * of ACPI 3.0) is that the ToInteger() operator allows both decimal
    246          * and hexadecimal strings (hex prefixed with "0x").
    247          *
    248          * Explicit conversion is used only by ToInteger.
    249          * All other string-to-integer conversions are implicit conversions.
    250          */
    251         if (ImplicitConversion)
    252         {
    253             Result = AcpiUtImplicitStrtoul64 (ACPI_CAST_PTR (char, Pointer));
    254         }
    255         else
    256         {
    257             Result = AcpiUtExplicitStrtoul64 (ACPI_CAST_PTR (char, Pointer));
    258         }
    259         break;
    260 
    261     case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
    262 
    263         /* Check for zero-length buffer */
    264 
    265         if (!Count)
    266         {
    267             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_AML_BUFFER_LIMIT);
    268         }
    269 
    270         /* Transfer no more than an integer's worth of data */
    271 
    272         if (Count > AcpiGbl_IntegerByteWidth)
    273         {
    274             Count = AcpiGbl_IntegerByteWidth;
    275         }
    276 
    277         /*
    278          * Convert buffer to an integer - we simply grab enough raw data
    279          * from the buffer to fill an integer
    280          */
    281         for (i = 0; i < Count; i++)
    282         {
    283             /*
    284              * Get next byte and shift it into the Result.
    285              * Little endian is used, meaning that the first byte of the buffer
    286              * is the LSB of the integer
    287              */
    288             Result |= (((UINT64) Pointer[i]) << (i * 8));
    289         }
    290         break;
    291 
    292     default:
    293 
    294         /* No other types can get here */
    295 
    296         break;
    297     }
    298 
    299     /* Create a new integer */
    300 
    301     ReturnDesc = AcpiUtCreateIntegerObject (Result);
    302     if (!ReturnDesc)
    303     {
    304         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_NO_MEMORY);
    305     }
    306 
    307     ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_EXEC, "Converted value: %8.8X%8.8X\n",
    308         ACPI_FORMAT_UINT64 (Result)));
    309 
    310     /* Save the Result */
    311 
    312     (void) AcpiExTruncateFor32bitTable (ReturnDesc);
    313     *ResultDesc = ReturnDesc;
    314     return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
    315 }
    316 
    317 
    318 /*******************************************************************************
    319  *
    320  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExConvertToBuffer
    321  *
    322  * PARAMETERS:  ObjDesc         - Object to be converted. Must be an
    323  *                                Integer, Buffer, or String
    324  *              ResultDesc      - Where the new buffer object is returned
    325  *
    326  * RETURN:      Status
    327  *
    328  * DESCRIPTION: Convert an ACPI Object to a Buffer
    329  *
    330  ******************************************************************************/
    331 
    332 ACPI_STATUS
    333 AcpiExConvertToBuffer (
    334     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ObjDesc,
    335     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     **ResultDesc)
    336 {
    337     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ReturnDesc;
    338     UINT8                   *NewBuf;
    339 
    340 
    341     ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_PTR (ExConvertToBuffer, ObjDesc);
    342 
    343 
    344     switch (ObjDesc->Common.Type)
    345     {
    346     case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
    347 
    348         /* No conversion necessary */
    349 
    350         *ResultDesc = ObjDesc;
    351         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
    352 
    353 
    354     case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
    355         /*
    356          * Create a new Buffer object.
    357          * Need enough space for one integer
    358          */
    359         ReturnDesc = AcpiUtCreateBufferObject (AcpiGbl_IntegerByteWidth);
    360         if (!ReturnDesc)
    361         {
    362             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_NO_MEMORY);
    363         }
    364 
    365         /* Copy the integer to the buffer, LSB first */
    366 
    367         NewBuf = ReturnDesc->Buffer.Pointer;
    368         memcpy (NewBuf, &ObjDesc->Integer.Value, AcpiGbl_IntegerByteWidth);
    369         break;
    370 
    371     case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
    372         /*
    373          * Create a new Buffer object
    374          * Size will be the string length
    375          *
    376          * NOTE: Add one to the string length to include the null terminator.
    377          * The ACPI spec is unclear on this subject, but there is existing
    378          * ASL/AML code that depends on the null being transferred to the new
    379          * buffer.
    380          */
    381         ReturnDesc = AcpiUtCreateBufferObject ((ACPI_SIZE)
    382             ObjDesc->String.Length + 1);
    383         if (!ReturnDesc)
    384         {
    385             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_NO_MEMORY);
    386         }
    387 
    388         /* Copy the string to the buffer */
    389 
    390         NewBuf = ReturnDesc->Buffer.Pointer;
    391         memcpy ((char *) NewBuf, (char *) ObjDesc->String.Pointer,
    392             ObjDesc->String.Length);
    393         break;
    394 
    395     default:
    396 
    397         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_TYPE);
    398     }
    399 
    400     /* Mark buffer initialized */
    401 
    402     ReturnDesc->Common.Flags |= AOPOBJ_DATA_VALID;
    403     *ResultDesc = ReturnDesc;
    404     return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
    405 }
    406 
    407 
    408 /*******************************************************************************
    409  *
    410  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExConvertToAscii
    411  *
    412  * PARAMETERS:  Integer         - Value to be converted
    413  *              Base            - ACPI_STRING_DECIMAL or ACPI_STRING_HEX
    414  *              String          - Where the string is returned
    415  *              DataWidth       - Size of data item to be converted, in bytes
    416  *              LeadingZeros    - Allow leading zeros
    417  *
    418  * RETURN:      Actual string length
    419  *
    420  * DESCRIPTION: Convert an ACPI Integer to a hex or decimal string
    421  *
    422  ******************************************************************************/
    423 
    424 static UINT32
    425 AcpiExConvertToAscii (
    426     UINT64                  Integer,
    427     UINT16                  Base,
    428     UINT8                   *String,
    429     UINT8                   DataWidth,
    430     BOOLEAN                 LeadingZeros)
    431 {
    432     UINT64                  Digit;
    433     UINT32                  i;
    434     UINT32                  j;
    435     UINT32                  k = 0;
    436     UINT32                  HexLength;
    437     UINT32                  DecimalLength;
    438     UINT32                  Remainder;
    439     BOOLEAN                 SupressZeros = !LeadingZeros;
    440     UINT8                   HexChar;
    441 
    442 
    443     ACPI_FUNCTION_ENTRY ();
    444 
    445 
    446     switch (Base)
    447     {
    448     case 10:
    449 
    450         /* Setup max length for the decimal number */
    451 
    452         switch (DataWidth)
    453         {
    454         case 1:
    455 
    456             DecimalLength = ACPI_MAX8_DECIMAL_DIGITS;
    457             break;
    458 
    459         case 4:
    460 
    461             DecimalLength = ACPI_MAX32_DECIMAL_DIGITS;
    462             break;
    463 
    464         case 8:
    465         default:
    466 
    467             DecimalLength = ACPI_MAX64_DECIMAL_DIGITS;
    468             break;
    469         }
    470 
    471         Remainder = 0;
    472 
    473         for (i = DecimalLength; i > 0; i--)
    474         {
    475             /* Divide by nth factor of 10 */
    476 
    477             Digit = Integer;
    478             for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
    479             {
    480                 (void) AcpiUtShortDivide (Digit, 10, &Digit, &Remainder);
    481             }
    482 
    483             /* Handle leading zeros */
    484 
    485             if (Remainder != 0)
    486             {
    487                 SupressZeros = FALSE;
    488             }
    489 
    490             if (!SupressZeros)
    491             {
    492                 String[k] = (UINT8) (ACPI_ASCII_ZERO + Remainder);
    493                 k++;
    494             }
    495         }
    496         break;
    497 
    498     case 16:
    499 
    500         /* HexLength: 2 ascii hex chars per data byte */
    501 
    502         HexLength = (DataWidth * 2);
    503         for (i = 0, j = (HexLength-1); i < HexLength; i++, j--)
    504         {
    505             /* Get one hex digit, most significant digits first */
    506 
    507             HexChar = (UINT8)
    508                 AcpiUtHexToAsciiChar (Integer, ACPI_MUL_4 (j));
    509 
    510             /* Supress leading zeros until the first non-zero character */
    511 
    512             if (HexChar == ACPI_ASCII_ZERO && SupressZeros)
    513             {
    514                 continue;
    515             }
    516 
    517             SupressZeros = FALSE;
    518             String[k] = HexChar;
    519             k++;
    520         }
    521         break;
    522 
    523     default:
    524         return (0);
    525     }
    526 
    527     /*
    528      * Since leading zeros are suppressed, we must check for the case where
    529      * the integer equals 0
    530      *
    531      * Finally, null terminate the string and return the length
    532      */
    533     if (!k)
    534     {
    535         String [0] = ACPI_ASCII_ZERO;
    536         k = 1;
    537     }
    538 
    539     String [k] = 0;
    540     return ((UINT32) k);
    541 }
    542 
    543 
    544 /*******************************************************************************
    545  *
    546  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExConvertToString
    547  *
    548  * PARAMETERS:  ObjDesc         - Object to be converted. Must be an
    549  *                                Integer, Buffer, or String
    550  *              ResultDesc      - Where the string object is returned
    551  *              Type            - String flags (base and conversion type)
    552  *
    553  * RETURN:      Status
    554  *
    555  * DESCRIPTION: Convert an ACPI Object to a string. Supports both implicit
    556  *              and explicit conversions and related rules.
    557  *
    558  ******************************************************************************/
    559 
    560 ACPI_STATUS
    561 AcpiExConvertToString (
    562     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ObjDesc,
    563     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     **ResultDesc,
    564     UINT32                  Type)
    565 {
    566     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ReturnDesc;
    567     UINT8                   *NewBuf;
    568     UINT32                  i;
    569     UINT32                  StringLength = 0;
    570     UINT16                  Base = 16;
    571     UINT8                   Separator = ',';
    572     BOOLEAN                 LeadingZeros;
    573 
    574 
    575     ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_PTR (ExConvertToString, ObjDesc);
    576 
    577 
    578     switch (ObjDesc->Common.Type)
    579     {
    580     case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
    581 
    582         /* No conversion necessary */
    583 
    584         *ResultDesc = ObjDesc;
    585         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
    586 
    587     case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
    588 
    589         switch (Type)
    590         {
    591         case ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_DECIMAL:
    592             /*
    593              * From ToDecimalString, integer source.
    594              *
    595              * Make room for the maximum decimal number size
    596              */
    597             StringLength = ACPI_MAX_DECIMAL_DIGITS;
    598             LeadingZeros = FALSE;
    599             Base = 10;
    600             break;
    601 
    602         case ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX:
    603             /*
    604              * From ToHexString.
    605              *
    606              * Supress leading zeros and append "0x"
    607              */
    608             StringLength = ACPI_MUL_2 (AcpiGbl_IntegerByteWidth) + 2;
    609             LeadingZeros = FALSE;
    610             break;
    611         default:
    612 
    613             /* Two hex string characters for each integer byte */
    614 
    615             StringLength = ACPI_MUL_2 (AcpiGbl_IntegerByteWidth);
    616             LeadingZeros = TRUE;
    617             break;
    618         }
    619 
    620         /*
    621          * Create a new String
    622          * Need enough space for one ASCII integer (plus null terminator)
    623          */
    624         ReturnDesc = AcpiUtCreateStringObject ((ACPI_SIZE) StringLength);
    625         if (!ReturnDesc)
    626         {
    627             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_NO_MEMORY);
    628         }
    629 
    630         NewBuf = ReturnDesc->Buffer.Pointer;
    631         if (Type == ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX)
    632         {
    633             /* Append "0x" prefix for explicit hex conversion */
    634 
    635             *NewBuf++ = '0';
    636             *NewBuf++ = 'x';
    637         }
    638 
    639         /* Convert integer to string */
    640 
    641         StringLength = AcpiExConvertToAscii (
    642             ObjDesc->Integer.Value, Base, NewBuf, AcpiGbl_IntegerByteWidth, LeadingZeros);
    643 
    644         /* Null terminate at the correct place */
    645 
    646         ReturnDesc->String.Length = StringLength;
    647         if (Type == ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX)
    648         {
    649             /* Take "0x" prefix into account */
    650 
    651             ReturnDesc->String.Length += 2;
    652         }
    653 
    654         NewBuf [StringLength] = 0;
    655         break;
    656 
    657     case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
    658 
    659         /* Setup string length, base, and separator */
    660 
    661         switch (Type)
    662         {
    663         case ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_DECIMAL: /* Used by ToDecimalString */
    664             /*
    665              * Explicit conversion from the ToDecimalString ASL operator.
    666              *
    667              * From ACPI: "If the input is a buffer, it is converted to a
    668              * a string of decimal values separated by commas."
    669              */
    670             LeadingZeros = FALSE;
    671             Base = 10;
    672 
    673             /*
    674              * Calculate the final string length. Individual string values
    675              * are variable length (include separator for each)
    676              */
    677             for (i = 0; i < ObjDesc->Buffer.Length; i++)
    678             {
    679                 if (ObjDesc->Buffer.Pointer[i] >= 100)
    680                 {
    681                     StringLength += 4;
    682                 }
    683                 else if (ObjDesc->Buffer.Pointer[i] >= 10)
    684                 {
    685                     StringLength += 3;
    686                 }
    687                 else
    688                 {
    689                     StringLength += 2;
    690                 }
    691             }
    692             break;
    693 
    694         case ACPI_IMPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX:
    695             /*
    696              * Implicit buffer-to-string conversion
    697              *
    698              * From the ACPI spec:
    699              * "The entire contents of the buffer are converted to a string of
    700              * two-character hexadecimal numbers, each separated by a space."
    701              *
    702              * Each hex number is prefixed with 0x (11/2018)
    703              */
    704             LeadingZeros = TRUE;
    705             Separator = ' ';
    706             StringLength = (ObjDesc->Buffer.Length * 5);
    707             break;
    708 
    709         case ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX:
    710             /*
    711              * Explicit conversion from the ToHexString ASL operator.
    712              *
    713              * From ACPI: "If Data is a buffer, it is converted to a string of
    714              * hexadecimal values separated by commas."
    715              *
    716              * Each hex number is prefixed with 0x (11/2018)
    717              */
    718             LeadingZeros = TRUE;
    719             Separator = ',';
    720             StringLength = (ObjDesc->Buffer.Length * 5);
    721             break;
    722 
    723         default:
    724             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_BAD_PARAMETER);
    725         }
    726 
    727         /*
    728          * Create a new string object and string buffer
    729          * (-1 because of extra separator included in StringLength from above)
    730          * Allow creation of zero-length strings from zero-length buffers.
    731          */
    732         if (StringLength)
    733         {
    734             StringLength--;
    735         }
    736 
    737         ReturnDesc = AcpiUtCreateStringObject ((ACPI_SIZE) StringLength);
    738         if (!ReturnDesc)
    739         {
    740             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_NO_MEMORY);
    741         }
    742 
    743         NewBuf = ReturnDesc->Buffer.Pointer;
    744 
    745         /*
    746          * Convert buffer bytes to hex or decimal values
    747          * (separated by commas or spaces)
    748          */
    749         for (i = 0; i < ObjDesc->Buffer.Length; i++)
    750         {
    751             if (Base == 16)
    752             {
    753                 /* Emit 0x prefix for explicit/implicit hex conversion */
    754 
    755                 *NewBuf++ = '0';
    756                 *NewBuf++ = 'x';
    757             }
    758 
    759             NewBuf += AcpiExConvertToAscii (
    760                 (UINT64) ObjDesc->Buffer.Pointer[i], Base, NewBuf, 1, LeadingZeros);
    761 
    762             /* Each digit is separated by either a comma or space */
    763 
    764             *NewBuf++ = Separator;
    765         }
    766 
    767         /*
    768          * Null terminate the string
    769          * (overwrites final comma/space from above)
    770          */
    771         if (ObjDesc->Buffer.Length)
    772         {
    773             NewBuf--;
    774         }
    775         *NewBuf = 0;
    776         break;
    777 
    778     default:
    779 
    780         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_TYPE);
    781     }
    782 
    783     *ResultDesc = ReturnDesc;
    784     return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
    785 }
    786 
    787 
    788 /*******************************************************************************
    789  *
    790  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExConvertToTargetType
    791  *
    792  * PARAMETERS:  DestinationType     - Current type of the destination
    793  *              SourceDesc          - Source object to be converted.
    794  *              ResultDesc          - Where the converted object is returned
    795  *              WalkState           - Current method state
    796  *
    797  * RETURN:      Status
    798  *
    799  * DESCRIPTION: Implements "implicit conversion" rules for storing an object.
    800  *
    801  ******************************************************************************/
    802 
    803 ACPI_STATUS
    804 AcpiExConvertToTargetType (
    805     ACPI_OBJECT_TYPE        DestinationType,
    806     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *SourceDesc,
    807     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     **ResultDesc,
    808     ACPI_WALK_STATE         *WalkState)
    809 {
    810     ACPI_STATUS             Status = AE_OK;
    811 
    812 
    813     ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE (ExConvertToTargetType);
    814 
    815 
    816     /* Default behavior */
    817 
    818     *ResultDesc = SourceDesc;
    819 
    820     /*
    821      * If required by the target,
    822      * perform implicit conversion on the source before we store it.
    823      */
    824     switch (GET_CURRENT_ARG_TYPE (WalkState->OpInfo->RuntimeArgs))
    825     {
    826     case ARGI_SIMPLE_TARGET:
    827     case ARGI_FIXED_TARGET:
    828     case ARGI_INTEGER_REF:      /* Handles Increment, Decrement cases */
    829 
    830         switch (DestinationType)
    831         {
    832         case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_REGION_FIELD:
    833             /*
    834              * Named field can always handle conversions
    835              */
    836             break;
    837 
    838         default:
    839 
    840             /* No conversion allowed for these types */
    841 
    842             if (DestinationType != SourceDesc->Common.Type)
    843             {
    844                 ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_INFO,
    845                     "Explicit operator, will store (%s) over existing type (%s)\n",
    846                     AcpiUtGetObjectTypeName (SourceDesc),
    847                     AcpiUtGetTypeName (DestinationType)));
    848                 Status = AE_TYPE;
    849             }
    850         }
    851         break;
    852 
    853     case ARGI_TARGETREF:
    854     case ARGI_STORE_TARGET:
    855 
    856         switch (DestinationType)
    857         {
    858         case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
    859         case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER_FIELD:
    860         case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_BANK_FIELD:
    861         case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_INDEX_FIELD:
    862             /*
    863              * These types require an Integer operand. We can convert
    864              * a Buffer or a String to an Integer if necessary.
    865              */
    866             Status = AcpiExConvertToInteger (SourceDesc, ResultDesc,
    867                 ACPI_IMPLICIT_CONVERSION);
    868             break;
    869 
    870         case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
    871             /*
    872              * The operand must be a String. We can convert an
    873              * Integer or Buffer if necessary
    874              */
    875             Status = AcpiExConvertToString (SourceDesc, ResultDesc,
    876                 ACPI_IMPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX);
    877             break;
    878 
    879         case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
    880             /*
    881              * The operand must be a Buffer. We can convert an
    882              * Integer or String if necessary
    883              */
    884             Status = AcpiExConvertToBuffer (SourceDesc, ResultDesc);
    885             break;
    886 
    887         default:
    888 
    889             ACPI_ERROR ((AE_INFO,
    890                 "Bad destination type during conversion: 0x%X",
    891                 DestinationType));
    892             Status = AE_AML_INTERNAL;
    893             break;
    894         }
    895         break;
    896 
    897     case ARGI_REFERENCE:
    898         /*
    899          * CreateXxxxField cases - we are storing the field object into the name
    900          */
    901         break;
    902 
    903     default:
    904 
    905         ACPI_ERROR ((AE_INFO,
    906             "Unknown Target type ID 0x%X AmlOpcode 0x%X DestType %s",
    907             GET_CURRENT_ARG_TYPE (WalkState->OpInfo->RuntimeArgs),
    908             WalkState->Opcode, AcpiUtGetTypeName (DestinationType)));
    909         Status = AE_AML_INTERNAL;
    910     }
    911 
    912     /*
    913      * Source-to-Target conversion semantics:
    914      *
    915      * If conversion to the target type cannot be performed, then simply
    916      * overwrite the target with the new object and type.
    917      */
    918     if (Status == AE_TYPE)
    919     {
    920         Status = AE_OK;
    921     }
    922 
    923     return_ACPI_STATUS (Status);
    924 }
    925