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      1 /*	$NetBSD: cd9660_eltorito.c,v 1.27 2023/12/28 12:13:56 tsutsui Exp $	*/
      2 
      3 /*
      4  * Copyright (c) 2005 Daniel Watt, Walter Deignan, Ryan Gabrys, Alan
      5  * Perez-Rathke and Ram Vedam.  All rights reserved.
      6  *
      7  * This code was written by Daniel Watt, Walter Deignan, Ryan Gabrys,
      8  * Alan Perez-Rathke and Ram Vedam.
      9  *
     10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
     11  * without modification, are permitted provided that the following
     12  * conditions are met:
     13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
     16  *    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
     17  *    disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
     18  *    with the distribution.
     19  *
     20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DANIEL WATT, WALTER DEIGNAN, RYAN
     21  * GABRYS, ALAN PEREZ-RATHKE AND RAM VEDAM ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
     22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
     23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
     24  * DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL DANIEL WATT, WALTER DEIGNAN, RYAN
     25  * GABRYS, ALAN PEREZ-RATHKE AND RAM VEDAM BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
     26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
     27  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
     28  * USE,DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
     29  * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
     30  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
     32  * OF SUCH DAMAGE.
     33  */
     34 
     35 
     36 #include "cd9660.h"
     37 #include "cd9660_eltorito.h"
     38 #include <sys/bootblock.h>
     39 #include <util.h>
     40 
     41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
     42 #if defined(__RCSID) && !defined(__lint)
     43 __RCSID("$NetBSD: cd9660_eltorito.c,v 1.27 2023/12/28 12:13:56 tsutsui Exp $");
     44 #endif  /* !__lint */
     45 
     46 #ifdef DEBUG
     47 #define	ELTORITO_DPRINTF(__x)	printf __x
     48 #else
     49 #define	ELTORITO_DPRINTF(__x)
     50 #endif
     51 
     52 #include <util.h>
     53 
     54 static struct boot_catalog_entry *cd9660_init_boot_catalog_entry(void);
     55 static struct boot_catalog_entry *cd9660_boot_setup_validation_entry(char);
     56 static struct boot_catalog_entry *cd9660_boot_setup_default_entry(
     57     struct cd9660_boot_image *);
     58 static struct boot_catalog_entry *cd9660_boot_setup_section_head(char);
     59 #if 0
     60 static u_char cd9660_boot_get_system_type(struct cd9660_boot_image *);
     61 #endif
     62 
     63 static struct cd9660_boot_image *default_boot_image;
     64 
     65 int
     66 cd9660_add_boot_disk(iso9660_disk *diskStructure, const char *boot_info)
     67 {
     68 	struct stat stbuf;
     69 	const char *mode_msg;
     70 	char *temp;
     71 	char *sysname;
     72 	char *filename;
     73 	struct cd9660_boot_image *new_image, *tmp_image;
     74 
     75 	assert(boot_info != NULL);
     76 
     77 	if (*boot_info == '\0') {
     78 		warnx("Error: Boot disk information must be in the "
     79 		      "format 'system;filename'");
     80 		return 0;
     81 	}
     82 
     83 	/* First decode the boot information */
     84 	temp = estrdup(boot_info);
     85 
     86 	sysname = temp;
     87 	filename = strchr(sysname, ';');
     88 	if (filename == NULL) {
     89 		warnx("supply boot disk information in the format "
     90 		    "'system;filename'");
     91 		free(temp);
     92 		return 0;
     93 	}
     94 
     95 	*filename++ = '\0';
     96 
     97 	if (diskStructure->verbose_level > 0) {
     98 		printf("Found bootdisk with system %s, and filename %s\n",
     99 		    sysname, filename);
    100 	}
    101 	new_image = ecalloc(1, sizeof(*new_image));
    102 	new_image->loadSegment = 0;	/* default for now */
    103 
    104 	/* Decode System */
    105 	if (strcmp(sysname, "i386") == 0)
    106 		new_image->system = ET_SYS_X86;
    107 	else if (strcmp(sysname, "powerpc") == 0)
    108 		new_image->system = ET_SYS_PPC;
    109 	else if (strcmp(sysname, "macppc") == 0 ||
    110 	         strcmp(sysname, "mac68k") == 0)
    111 		new_image->system = ET_SYS_MAC;
    112 	else if (strcmp(sysname, "efi") == 0)
    113 		new_image->system = ET_SYS_EFI;
    114 	else {
    115 		warnx("boot disk system must be "
    116 		      "i386, powerpc, macppc, mac68k, or efi");
    117 		free(temp);
    118 		free(new_image);
    119 		return 0;
    120 	}
    121 
    122 
    123 	new_image->filename = estrdup(filename);
    124 
    125 	free(temp);
    126 
    127 	/* Get information about the file */
    128 	if (lstat(new_image->filename, &stbuf) == -1)
    129 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: lstat(\"%s\")", __func__,
    130 		    new_image->filename);
    131 
    132 	switch (stbuf.st_size) {
    133 	case 1440 * 1024:
    134 		new_image->targetMode = ET_MEDIA_144FDD;
    135 		mode_msg = "Assigned boot image to 1.44 emulation mode";
    136 		break;
    137 	case 1200 * 1024:
    138 		new_image->targetMode = ET_MEDIA_12FDD;
    139 		mode_msg = "Assigned boot image to 1.2 emulation mode";
    140 		break;
    141 	case 2880 * 1024:
    142 		new_image->targetMode = ET_MEDIA_288FDD;
    143 		mode_msg = "Assigned boot image to 2.88 emulation mode";
    144 		break;
    145 	default:
    146 		new_image->targetMode = ET_MEDIA_NOEM;
    147 		mode_msg = "Assigned boot image to no emulation mode";
    148 		break;
    149 	}
    150 
    151 	if (diskStructure->verbose_level > 0)
    152 		printf("%s\n", mode_msg);
    153 
    154 	new_image->size = stbuf.st_size;
    155 	new_image->num_sectors =
    156 	    howmany(new_image->size, diskStructure->sectorSize) *
    157 	    howmany(diskStructure->sectorSize, 512);
    158 	if (diskStructure->verbose_level > 0) {
    159 		printf("New image has size %d, uses %d 512-byte sectors\n",
    160 		    new_image->size, new_image->num_sectors);
    161 	}
    162 	new_image->sector = -1;
    163 	/* Bootable by default */
    164 	new_image->bootable = ET_BOOTABLE;
    165 	/* Add boot disk */
    166 
    167 	/* Group images for the same platform together. */
    168 	TAILQ_FOREACH(tmp_image, &diskStructure->boot_images, image_list) {
    169 		if (tmp_image->system != new_image->system)
    170 			break;
    171 	}
    172 
    173 	if (tmp_image == NULL) {
    174 		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&diskStructure->boot_images, new_image,
    175 		    image_list);
    176 	} else
    177 		TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(tmp_image, new_image, image_list);
    178 
    179 	new_image->serialno = diskStructure->image_serialno++;
    180 
    181 	new_image->platform_id = new_image->system;
    182 
    183 	/* TODO : Need to do anything about the boot image in the tree? */
    184 	diskStructure->is_bootable = 1;
    185 
    186 	/* First boot image is initial/default entry. */
    187 	if (default_boot_image == NULL)
    188 		default_boot_image = new_image;
    189 
    190 	return 1;
    191 }
    192 
    193 int
    194 cd9660_eltorito_add_boot_option(iso9660_disk *diskStructure,
    195     const char *option_string, const char *value)
    196 {
    197 	char *eptr;
    198 	struct cd9660_boot_image *image;
    199 
    200 	assert(option_string != NULL);
    201 
    202 	/* Find the last image added */
    203 	TAILQ_FOREACH(image, &diskStructure->boot_images, image_list) {
    204 		if (image->serialno + 1 == diskStructure->image_serialno)
    205 			break;
    206 	}
    207 	if (image == NULL)
    208 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Attempted to add boot option, "
    209 		    "but no boot images have been specified");
    210 
    211 	if (strcmp(option_string, "no-emul-boot") == 0) {
    212 		image->targetMode = ET_MEDIA_NOEM;
    213 	} else if (strcmp(option_string, "no-boot") == 0) {
    214 		image->bootable = ET_NOT_BOOTABLE;
    215 	} else if (strcmp(option_string, "hard-disk-boot") == 0) {
    216 		image->targetMode = ET_MEDIA_HDD;
    217 	} else if (strcmp(option_string, "boot-load-segment") == 0) {
    218 		image->loadSegment = strtoul(value, &eptr, 16);
    219 		if (eptr == value || *eptr != '\0' || errno != ERANGE) {
    220 			warn("%s: strtoul", __func__);
    221 			return 0;
    222 		}
    223 	} else if (strcmp(option_string, "platformid") == 0) {
    224 		if (strcmp(value, "efi") == 0)
    225 			image->platform_id = ET_SYS_EFI;
    226 		else {
    227 			warn("%s: unknown platform: %s", __func__, value);
    228 			return 0;
    229 		}
    230 	} else {
    231 		return 0;
    232 	}
    233 	return 1;
    234 }
    235 
    236 static struct boot_catalog_entry *
    237 cd9660_init_boot_catalog_entry(void)
    238 {
    239 	return ecalloc(1, sizeof(struct boot_catalog_entry));
    240 }
    241 
    242 static struct boot_catalog_entry *
    243 cd9660_boot_setup_validation_entry(char sys)
    244 {
    245 	struct boot_catalog_entry *entry;
    246 	boot_catalog_validation_entry *ve;
    247 	int16_t checksum;
    248 	unsigned char *csptr;
    249 	size_t i;
    250 	entry = cd9660_init_boot_catalog_entry();
    251 
    252 	entry->entry_type = ET_ENTRY_VE;
    253 	ve = &entry->entry_data.VE;
    254 
    255 	ve->header_id[0] = 1;
    256 	ve->platform_id[0] = sys;
    257 	ve->key[0] = 0x55;
    258 	ve->key[1] = 0xAA;
    259 
    260 	/* Calculate checksum */
    261 	checksum = 0;
    262 	cd9660_721(0, ve->checksum);
    263 	csptr = (unsigned char*)ve;
    264 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(*ve); i += 2) {
    265 		checksum += (int16_t)csptr[i];
    266 		checksum += 256 * (int16_t)csptr[i + 1];
    267 	}
    268 	checksum = -checksum;
    269 	cd9660_721(checksum, ve->checksum);
    270 
    271         ELTORITO_DPRINTF(("%s: header_id %d, platform_id %d, key[0] %d, key[1] %d, "
    272 	    "checksum %04x\n", __func__, ve->header_id[0], ve->platform_id[0],
    273 	    ve->key[0], ve->key[1], checksum));
    274 	return entry;
    275 }
    276 
    277 static struct boot_catalog_entry *
    278 cd9660_boot_setup_default_entry(struct cd9660_boot_image *disk)
    279 {
    280 	struct boot_catalog_entry *default_entry;
    281 	boot_catalog_initial_entry *ie;
    282 
    283 	default_entry = cd9660_init_boot_catalog_entry();
    284 	if (default_entry == NULL)
    285 		return NULL;
    286 
    287 	default_entry->entry_type = ET_ENTRY_IE;
    288 	ie = &default_entry->entry_data.IE;
    289 
    290 	ie->boot_indicator[0] = disk->bootable;
    291 	ie->media_type[0] = disk->targetMode;
    292 	cd9660_721(disk->loadSegment, ie->load_segment);
    293 	ie->system_type[0] = disk->system;
    294 	cd9660_721(disk->num_sectors, ie->sector_count);
    295 	cd9660_731(disk->sector, ie->load_rba);
    296 
    297 	ELTORITO_DPRINTF(("%s: boot indicator %d, media type %d, "
    298 	    "load segment %04x, system type %d, sector count %d, "
    299 	    "load rba %d\n", __func__, ie->boot_indicator[0],
    300 	    ie->media_type[0], disk->loadSegment, ie->system_type[0],
    301 	    disk->num_sectors, disk->sector));
    302 	return default_entry;
    303 }
    304 
    305 static struct boot_catalog_entry *
    306 cd9660_boot_setup_section_head(char platform)
    307 {
    308 	struct boot_catalog_entry *entry;
    309 	boot_catalog_section_header *sh;
    310 
    311 	entry = cd9660_init_boot_catalog_entry();
    312 	if (entry == NULL)
    313 		return NULL;
    314 
    315 	entry->entry_type = ET_ENTRY_SH;
    316 	sh = &entry->entry_data.SH;
    317 	/* More by default. The last one will manually be set to 0x91 */
    318 	sh->header_indicator[0] = ET_SECTION_HEADER_MORE;
    319 	sh->platform_id[0] = platform;
    320 	sh->num_section_entries[0] = 0;
    321 	return entry;
    322 }
    323 
    324 static struct boot_catalog_entry *
    325 cd9660_boot_setup_section_entry(struct cd9660_boot_image *disk)
    326 {
    327 	struct boot_catalog_entry *entry;
    328 	boot_catalog_section_entry *se;
    329 	if ((entry = cd9660_init_boot_catalog_entry()) == NULL)
    330 		return NULL;
    331 
    332 	entry->entry_type = ET_ENTRY_SE;
    333 	se = &entry->entry_data.SE;
    334 
    335 	se->boot_indicator[0] = ET_BOOTABLE;
    336 	se->media_type[0] = disk->targetMode;
    337 	cd9660_721(disk->loadSegment, se->load_segment);
    338 	cd9660_721(disk->num_sectors, se->sector_count);
    339 	cd9660_731(disk->sector, se->load_rba);
    340 	return entry;
    341 }
    342 
    343 #if 0
    344 static u_char
    345 cd9660_boot_get_system_type(struct cd9660_boot_image *disk)
    346 {
    347 	/*
    348 		For hard drive booting, we need to examine the MBR to figure
    349 		out what the partition type is
    350 	*/
    351 	return 0;
    352 }
    353 #endif
    354 
    355 /*
    356  * Set up the BVD, Boot catalog, and the boot entries, but do no writing
    357  */
    358 int
    359 cd9660_setup_boot(iso9660_disk *diskStructure, int first_sector)
    360 {
    361 	int sector;
    362 	int used_sectors;
    363 	int num_entries = 0;
    364 	int catalog_sectors;
    365 	struct boot_catalog_entry *x86_head, *mac_head, *ppc_head, *efi_head,
    366 		*valid_entry, *default_entry, *temp, *head, **headp, *next;
    367 	struct cd9660_boot_image *tmp_disk;
    368 	u_char system;
    369 
    370 	headp = NULL;
    371 	x86_head = mac_head = ppc_head = efi_head = NULL;
    372 
    373 	/* If there are no boot disks, don't bother building boot information */
    374 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&diskStructure->boot_images))
    375 		return 0;
    376 
    377 	/* Point to catalog: For now assume it consumes one sector */
    378 	ELTORITO_DPRINTF(("Boot catalog will go in sector %d\n", first_sector));
    379 	diskStructure->boot_catalog_sector = first_sector;
    380 	cd9660_731(first_sector,
    381 	    diskStructure->boot_descriptor->boot_catalog_pointer);
    382 
    383 	/*
    384 	 * Use system type of default image for validation entry. Fallback to
    385 	 * X86 system type if not found.
    386 	 */
    387 	system = default_boot_image != NULL ? default_boot_image->system :
    388 					      ET_SYS_X86;
    389 
    390 	/* Step 1: Generate boot catalog */
    391 	/* Step 1a: Validation entry */
    392 	valid_entry = cd9660_boot_setup_validation_entry(system);
    393 	if (valid_entry == NULL)
    394 		return -1;
    395 
    396 	/*
    397 	 * Count how many boot images there are,
    398 	 * and how many sectors they consume.
    399 	 */
    400 	num_entries = 1;
    401 	used_sectors = 0;
    402 
    403 	TAILQ_FOREACH(tmp_disk, &diskStructure->boot_images, image_list) {
    404 		used_sectors += tmp_disk->num_sectors;
    405 
    406 		/* One default entry per image */
    407 		num_entries++;
    408 	}
    409 	catalog_sectors = howmany(num_entries * 0x20, diskStructure->sectorSize);
    410 	used_sectors += catalog_sectors;
    411 
    412 	if (diskStructure->verbose_level > 0) {
    413 		printf("%s: there will be %i entries consuming %i sectors. "
    414 		       "Catalog is %i sectors\n", __func__, num_entries,
    415 		       used_sectors, catalog_sectors);
    416 	}
    417 
    418 	/* Populate sector numbers */
    419 	sector = first_sector + catalog_sectors;
    420 	TAILQ_FOREACH(tmp_disk, &diskStructure->boot_images, image_list) {
    421 		tmp_disk->sector = sector;
    422 		sector += tmp_disk->num_sectors /
    423 		    (diskStructure->sectorSize / 512);
    424 	}
    425 
    426 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&diskStructure->boot_entries, valid_entry, ll_struct);
    427 
    428 	/* Step 1b: Initial/default entry */
    429 	/* TODO : PARAM */
    430 	if (default_boot_image != NULL) {
    431 		struct cd9660_boot_image *tcbi;
    432 		TAILQ_FOREACH(tcbi, &diskStructure->boot_images, image_list) {
    433 			if (tcbi == default_boot_image) {
    434 				tmp_disk = tcbi;
    435 				break;
    436 			}
    437 		}
    438 	}
    439 	if (tmp_disk == NULL)
    440 		tmp_disk = TAILQ_FIRST(&diskStructure->boot_images);
    441 	default_entry = cd9660_boot_setup_default_entry(tmp_disk);
    442 	if (default_entry == NULL) {
    443 		warnx("Error: memory allocation failed in cd9660_setup_boot");
    444 		return -1;
    445 	}
    446 
    447 	LIST_INSERT_AFTER(valid_entry, default_entry, ll_struct);
    448 
    449 	/* Todo: multiple default entries? */
    450 
    451 	tmp_disk = TAILQ_FIRST(&diskStructure->boot_images);
    452 
    453 	head = NULL;
    454 	temp = default_entry;
    455 
    456 	/* If multiple boot images are given : */
    457 	for (; tmp_disk != NULL; tmp_disk = TAILQ_NEXT(tmp_disk, image_list)) {
    458 		if (tmp_disk == default_boot_image)
    459 			continue;
    460 
    461 		/* Step 2: Section header */
    462 		switch (tmp_disk->platform_id) {
    463 		case ET_SYS_X86:
    464 			headp = &x86_head;
    465 			break;
    466 		case ET_SYS_PPC:
    467 			headp = &ppc_head;
    468 			break;
    469 		case ET_SYS_MAC:
    470 			headp = &mac_head;
    471 			break;
    472 		case ET_SYS_EFI:
    473 			headp = &efi_head;
    474 			break;
    475 		default:
    476 			warnx("%s: internal error: unknown system type",
    477 			    __func__);
    478 			return -1;
    479 		}
    480 
    481 		if (*headp == NULL) {
    482 			head =
    483 			  cd9660_boot_setup_section_head(tmp_disk->platform_id);
    484 			if (head == NULL) {
    485 				warnx("Error: memory allocation failed in "
    486 				      "cd9660_setup_boot");
    487 				return -1;
    488 			}
    489 			LIST_INSERT_AFTER(default_entry, head, ll_struct);
    490 			*headp = head;
    491 		} else
    492 			head = *headp;
    493 
    494 		head->entry_data.SH.num_section_entries[0]++;
    495 
    496 		/* Step 2a: Section entry and extensions */
    497 		temp = cd9660_boot_setup_section_entry(tmp_disk);
    498 		if (temp == NULL) {
    499 			warn("%s: cd9660_boot_setup_section_entry", __func__);
    500 			return -1;
    501 		}
    502 
    503 		while ((next = LIST_NEXT(head, ll_struct)) != NULL &&
    504 		       next->entry_type == ET_ENTRY_SE)
    505 			head = next;
    506 
    507 		LIST_INSERT_AFTER(head, temp, ll_struct);
    508 	}
    509 
    510 	/* Find the last Section Header entry and mark it as the last. */
    511 	head = NULL;
    512 	LIST_FOREACH(next, &diskStructure->boot_entries, ll_struct) {
    513 		if (next->entry_type == ET_ENTRY_SH)
    514 			head = next;
    515 	}
    516 	if (head != NULL)
    517 		head->entry_data.SH.header_indicator[0] = ET_SECTION_HEADER_LAST;
    518 
    519 	/* TODO: Remaining boot disks when implemented */
    520 
    521 	return first_sector + used_sectors;
    522 }
    523 
    524 int
    525 cd9660_setup_boot_volume_descriptor(iso9660_disk *diskStructure,
    526     volume_descriptor *bvd)
    527 {
    528 	boot_volume_descriptor *bvdData =
    529 	    (boot_volume_descriptor*)bvd->volumeDescriptorData;
    530 
    531 	bvdData->boot_record_indicator[0] = ISO_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_BOOT;
    532 	memcpy(bvdData->identifier, ISO_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_STANDARD_ID, 5);
    533 	bvdData->version[0] = 1;
    534 	memcpy(bvdData->boot_system_identifier, ET_ID, 23);
    535 	memcpy(bvdData->identifier, ISO_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_STANDARD_ID, 5);
    536 	diskStructure->boot_descriptor =
    537 	    (boot_volume_descriptor*) bvd->volumeDescriptorData;
    538 	return 1;
    539 }
    540 
    541 static int
    542 cd9660_write_mbr_partition_entry(FILE *fd, int idx, off_t sector_start,
    543     off_t nsectors, int type)
    544 {
    545 	uint8_t val;
    546 	uint32_t lba;
    547 
    548 	if (fseeko(fd, (off_t)(idx) * 16 + 0x1be, SEEK_SET) == -1)
    549 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fseeko");
    550 
    551 	val = 0x80; /* Bootable */
    552 	fwrite(&val, sizeof(val), 1, fd);
    553 
    554 	val = 0xff; /* CHS begin */
    555 	fwrite(&val, sizeof(val), 1, fd);
    556 	fwrite(&val, sizeof(val), 1, fd);
    557 	fwrite(&val, sizeof(val), 1, fd);
    558 
    559 	val = type; /* Part type */
    560 	fwrite(&val, sizeof(val), 1, fd);
    561 
    562 	val = 0xff; /* CHS end */
    563 	fwrite(&val, sizeof(val), 1, fd);
    564 	fwrite(&val, sizeof(val), 1, fd);
    565 	fwrite(&val, sizeof(val), 1, fd);
    566 
    567 	/* LBA extent */
    568 	lba = htole32(sector_start);
    569 	fwrite(&lba, sizeof(lba), 1, fd);
    570 	lba = htole32(nsectors);
    571 	fwrite(&lba, sizeof(lba), 1, fd);
    572 
    573 	return 0;
    574 }
    575 
    576 static int
    577 cd9660_write_apm_partition_entry(FILE *fd, int idx, int total_partitions,
    578     off_t sector_start, off_t nsectors, off_t sector_size,
    579     const char *part_name, const char *part_type)
    580 {
    581 	uint32_t apm32, part_status;
    582 	uint16_t apm16;
    583 
    584 	/* See Apple Tech Note 1189 for the details about the pmPartStatus
    585 	 * flags.
    586 	 * Below the flags which are default:
    587 	 * - IsValid     0x01
    588 	 * - IsAllocated 0x02
    589 	 * - IsReadable  0x10
    590 	 * - IsWritable  0x20
    591 	 */
    592 	part_status = APPLE_PS_VALID | APPLE_PS_ALLOCATED | APPLE_PS_READABLE |
    593 	    APPLE_PS_WRITABLE;
    594 
    595 	if (fseeko(fd, (off_t)(idx + 1) * sector_size, SEEK_SET) == -1)
    596 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fseeko");
    597 
    598 	/* Signature */
    599 	apm16 = htobe16(0x504d);
    600 	fwrite(&apm16, sizeof(apm16), 1, fd);
    601 	apm16 = 0;
    602 	fwrite(&apm16, sizeof(apm16), 1, fd);
    603 
    604 	/* Total number of partitions */
    605 	apm32 = htobe32(total_partitions);
    606 	fwrite(&apm32, sizeof(apm32), 1, fd);
    607 	/* Bounds */
    608 	apm32 = htobe32(sector_start);
    609 	fwrite(&apm32, sizeof(apm32), 1, fd);
    610 	apm32 = htobe32(nsectors);
    611 	fwrite(&apm32, sizeof(apm32), 1, fd);
    612 
    613 	fwrite(part_name, strlen(part_name) + 1, 1, fd);
    614 	fseek(fd, 32 - strlen(part_name) - 1, SEEK_CUR);
    615 	fwrite(part_type, strlen(part_type) + 1, 1, fd);
    616 	fseek(fd, 32 - strlen(part_type) - 1, SEEK_CUR);
    617 
    618 	apm32 = 0;
    619 	/* pmLgDataStart */
    620 	fwrite(&apm32, sizeof(apm32), 1, fd);
    621 	/* pmDataCnt */
    622 	apm32 = htobe32(nsectors);
    623 	fwrite(&apm32, sizeof(apm32), 1, fd);
    624 	/* pmPartStatus */
    625 	apm32 = htobe32(part_status);
    626 	fwrite(&apm32, sizeof(apm32), 1, fd);
    627 
    628 	return 0;
    629 }
    630 
    631 int
    632 cd9660_write_boot(iso9660_disk *diskStructure, FILE *fd)
    633 {
    634 	struct boot_catalog_entry *e;
    635 	struct cd9660_boot_image *t;
    636 	int apm_partitions = 0;
    637 	int mbr_partitions = 0;
    638 
    639 	/* write boot catalog */
    640 	if (fseeko(fd, (off_t)diskStructure->boot_catalog_sector *
    641 	    diskStructure->sectorSize, SEEK_SET) == -1)
    642 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fseeko");
    643 
    644 	if (diskStructure->verbose_level > 0) {
    645 		printf("Writing boot catalog to sector %" PRId64 "\n",
    646 		    diskStructure->boot_catalog_sector);
    647 	}
    648 	LIST_FOREACH(e, &diskStructure->boot_entries, ll_struct) {
    649 		if (diskStructure->verbose_level > 0) {
    650 			printf("Writing catalog entry of type %d\n",
    651 			    e->entry_type);
    652 		}
    653 		/*
    654 		 * It doesnt matter which one gets written
    655 		 * since they are the same size
    656 		 */
    657 		fwrite(&(e->entry_data.VE), 1, 32, fd);
    658 	}
    659 	if (diskStructure->verbose_level > 0)
    660 		printf("Finished writing boot catalog\n");
    661 
    662 	/* copy boot images */
    663 	TAILQ_FOREACH(t, &diskStructure->boot_images, image_list) {
    664 		if (diskStructure->verbose_level > 0) {
    665 			printf("Writing boot image from %s to sectors %d\n",
    666 			    t->filename, t->sector);
    667 		}
    668 		cd9660_copy_file(diskStructure, fd, t->sector, t->filename);
    669 
    670 		if (t->system == ET_SYS_MAC)
    671 			apm_partitions++;
    672 		if (t->system == ET_SYS_PPC)
    673 			mbr_partitions++;
    674 	}
    675 
    676 	/* some systems need partition tables as well */
    677 	if (mbr_partitions > 0 || diskStructure->chrp_boot) {
    678 		uint16_t sig;
    679 
    680 		fseek(fd, 0x1fe, SEEK_SET);
    681 		sig = htole16(0xaa55);
    682 		fwrite(&sig, sizeof(sig), 1, fd);
    683 
    684 		mbr_partitions = 0;
    685 
    686 		/* Write ISO9660 descriptor, enclosing the whole disk */
    687 		if (diskStructure->chrp_boot)
    688 			cd9660_write_mbr_partition_entry(fd, mbr_partitions++,
    689 			    0, diskStructure->totalSectors *
    690 			    (diskStructure->sectorSize / 512), 0x96);
    691 
    692 		/* Write all partition entries */
    693 		TAILQ_FOREACH(t, &diskStructure->boot_images, image_list) {
    694 			if (t->system != ET_SYS_PPC)
    695 				continue;
    696 			cd9660_write_mbr_partition_entry(fd, mbr_partitions++,
    697 			    t->sector * (diskStructure->sectorSize / 512),
    698 			    t->num_sectors * (diskStructure->sectorSize / 512),
    699 			    0x41 /* PReP Boot */);
    700 		}
    701 	}
    702 
    703 	if (apm_partitions > 0) {
    704 		/* Write DDR and global APM info */
    705 		uint32_t apm32;
    706 		uint16_t apm16;
    707 		int total_parts;
    708 
    709 		fseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
    710 		apm16 = htobe16(0x4552);
    711 		fwrite(&apm16, sizeof(apm16), 1, fd);
    712 		/* Device block size */
    713 		apm16 = htobe16(512);
    714 		fwrite(&apm16, sizeof(apm16), 1, fd);
    715 		/* Device block count */
    716 		apm32 = htobe32(diskStructure->totalSectors *
    717 		    (diskStructure->sectorSize / 512));
    718 		fwrite(&apm32, sizeof(apm32), 1, fd);
    719 		/* Device type/id */
    720 		apm16 = htobe16(1);
    721 		fwrite(&apm16, sizeof(apm16), 1, fd);
    722 		fwrite(&apm16, sizeof(apm16), 1, fd);
    723 
    724 		/* Count total needed entries */
    725 		total_parts = 2 + apm_partitions; /* Self + ISO9660 */
    726 
    727 		/* Write self-descriptor */
    728 		cd9660_write_apm_partition_entry(fd, 0, total_parts, 1,
    729 		    total_parts, 512, "Apple", "Apple_partition_map");
    730 
    731 		/* Write all partition entries */
    732 		apm_partitions = 0;
    733 		TAILQ_FOREACH(t, &diskStructure->boot_images, image_list) {
    734 			if (t->system != ET_SYS_MAC)
    735 				continue;
    736 
    737 			cd9660_write_apm_partition_entry(fd,
    738 			    1 + apm_partitions++, total_parts,
    739 			    t->sector * (diskStructure->sectorSize / 512),
    740 			    t->num_sectors * (diskStructure->sectorSize / 512),
    741 			    512, "CD Boot", "Apple_Bootstrap");
    742 		}
    743 
    744 		/* Write ISO9660 descriptor, enclosing the whole disk */
    745 		cd9660_write_apm_partition_entry(fd, 2 + apm_partitions,
    746 		    total_parts, 0, diskStructure->totalSectors *
    747 		    (diskStructure->sectorSize / 512), 512, "ISO9660",
    748 		    "CD_ROM_Mode_1");
    749 	}
    750 
    751 	return 0;
    752 }
    753