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UPDATING revision 1.254
      1 $NetBSD: UPDATING,v 1.254 2014/02/01 13:29:45 skrll Exp $
      2 
      3 This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent
      4 changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for
      5 what to do if something doesn't work.
      6 
      7 For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD
      8 using build.sh, see the BUILDING file.
      9 
     10 Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before
     11 build.sh existed.  Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for
     12 working around specific problems with build.sh.
     13 
     14 See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile.
     15 
     16 Recent changes:
     17 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
     18 
     19 20140131:
     20 	The new compiler_rt/libc integration moved a few things. It is strongly
     21 	advised to do a clean build. At least lib/libc, the compat version(s)
     22 	of libc, libkern, rump and the kernels need to be cleaned.
     23 
     24 20131227:
     25 	1. The new ntpd runs in a restricted mode to prevent amplification
     26 	   attacks. If you need ntpdc to work you need to explicitly enable
     27 	   mode7 in your config file. Make sure you put the necessary restrict
     28 	   statements to avoid being exposed.
     29 	2. strncat has moved from lib/libc to common/lib/libc; you might need
     30 	   to make clean in libc
     31 
     32 20131129:
     33 	The GMP sources were updated, and builds will likely fail without
     34 	cleaning their build trees for both tools and in-tree, like below.
     35 
     36 20131128:
     37 	The MPC and MPFR sources were updated, and builds may require their
     38 	tools and in-tree directories cleaned for successful updates.
     39 
     40 20130605:
     41 	The kernel option FAST_IPSEC no longer exists, it's been renamed
     42 	to IPSEC (and the older IPSEC version removed).
     43 
     44 20130605:
     45 	Previous freetype installations eroneously installed private
     46 	header files. If you are building against a non-empty $DESTDIR,
     47 	please remove ${DESTDIR}//usr/X11R7/include/freetype2/freetype/.
     48 
     49 20130531:
     50 	The xdm update may cause build failure due to xdm.man being
     51 	in the obj tree.  Make sure to ensure any like this:
     52 		nbmake: nbmake: don't know how to make xdm.man. Stop
     53 	is fixed by deleting the xdm.man in the obj tree.
     54 
     55 20130530:
     56 	Updates of many xsrc packages will leave old .pc files around.
     57 	Best to clean out the xsrc objdir entirely before rebuilds.
     58 
     59 20130301:
     60 	The removal of netiso requires manual removal of /usr/include/netiso
     61 	prior to the build and make cleandir in /usr/src/usr.bin/{ktruss,kdump}
     62 
     63 20120726:
     64 	The update of OpenSSL requires cleaning both the OpenSSL build
     65 	directory and DESTDIR.  *Even non-update builds require cleaning
     66 	DESTDIR.* Builds done without taking these steps may fail, or in
     67 	some cases may succeed and install broken OpenSSL libraries that
     68 	cause third-party software to link incorrectly and/or crash.
     69 
     70 20120507:
     71 	The database schema for makemandb was changed.  You will
     72 	need to update the database using 'makemandb -f' or wait
     73 	for the next weekly run to fix it.
     74 
     75 20120319:
     76 	sys/conf/Makefile.kern.inc has been modified to adjust the
     77 	size of db_symtab automatically.  You need to update dbsym in
     78 	your $TOOLDIR to build kernels with options SYMTAB_SPACE.  If
     79 	you don't want this behavior, add AUTO_SYMTAB_SPACE=no to your
     80 	mk.conf.
     81 
     82 20120216:
     83 	Default for MKCATPAGES changed to NO.  Update builds will fail
     84 	unless DESTDIR is cleaned manually.  If you built between 20120207
     85 	and 20120216, daily and weekly could have created an unreadable
     86 	/var/db/man.db index for apropos.  Running makemandb -f or
     87 	the next run of weekly will fix it.
     88 
     89 20111227:
     90 	If you built between 20111225 and 20111227 you need to remove
     91 	/usr/lib/libpam.so.4* and /usr/lib/security/*.so.4, since the
     92 	bump has been reverted.
     93 
     94 20111125:
     95 	The "rnd" pseudodevice has been added to sys/conf/std, which
     96 	means it should no longer be explicitly listed in kernel
     97 	configuration files.  The line "pseudo-device rnd" should be
     98 	removed from any custom kernel config files users may have.
     99 
    100 20111119:
    101 	A problem with the datastructures used by the rndctl(8)
    102 	utility (pointers in datastructures in an array, making 32->64
    103 	bit compatibility very painful) has been fixed in a
    104 	non-backwards-compatible way.  If you replace your kernel,
    105 	replace your rndctl executable too.
    106 
    107 20111001:
    108 	the prop_*_send_syscall() functions from proplib(3) have been
    109 	changed and their new version is not backward compatible with the old
    110 	one.  So ensure that all consumers of these functions (currently:
    111 	quota2 code and its tests) are updated together with the new lib.
    112 
    113 20110817:
    114 	sparc has been changed to use GCC 4.5.3, so any objdir or
    115 	DESTDIR for them should be deleted before updating.
    116 
    117 20110806:
    118 	i386 and amd64 have been changed to use GCC 4.5.3, so any
    119 	objdir or DESTDIR for them should be deleted before updating.
    120 
    121 20110805:
    122 	The update to GCC 4.5.3 requires a non-trivial portion of
    123 	the tree to be cleaned.  Best to delete both objdir and
    124 	DESTDIR before running this update.  So far, only the
    125 	sparc64, mips and powerpc platforms have changed.
    126 
    127 20110803:
    128 	The layout of external/public-domain/xz has changed.  To do an
    129 	update build you will have to remove the contents of the OBJDIR
    130 	for external/public-domain/xz/bin by hand as the xz entry there
    131 	is now a directory.
    132 
    133 20110410:
    134 	The configuration of src/tools/gcc has changed.  To do an
    135 	update build you have to clean both tools/binutils and
    136 	tools/gcc by hand.
    137 
    138 20110328:
    139 	Building the Xorg binary was moved into a subdirectory to fix
    140 	ordering issues with "make all".  It may be necessary to remove
    141 	the OBJDIR for external/mit/xorg/server/xorg-server/hw/xfree86
    142 	if your update build fails, as the "Xorg" entry there is now a
    143 	directory.
    144 
    145 20110121:
    146 	Assembler files no longer use -traditional-cpp.  This can break
    147 	the build of individual parts of the tree.  This is handled
    148 	correctly by build.sh.  Manual builds have to update /usr/share/mk
    149 	and re-run config(1) for any kernel configurations as needed.
    150 
    151 20101217:
    152 	The tcpdump(8) program was changed to drop privileges and chroot(2)
    153 	by default.  It may be necessary to manually update passwd(5) and
    154 	group(5) in order to make the program work with existing setups.
    155 
    156 20101125:
    157 	The latest changes to setenv(3) dissallow setting environment
    158 	variables with names that contain '='.  Revision 1.18 of env.c
    159 	assumed that this was allowed.  Installing a new libc with an
    160 	old copy of /usr/bin/env causes env x=1 printenv | grep x= to
    161 	break which affects the autoconf tests for dependency finding,
    162 	so building gcc will end up printing:
    163 	    checking dependency style of gcc... none
    164 	    configure: error: no usable dependency style found
    165 	Fix it by rebuilding and re-installing env.
    166 
    167 20101119:
    168 	Recent Xorg updates in xsrc/external/mit/ may cause various build
    169 	or run-time problems.  Delete your entire DESTDIR and OBJDIR if you
    170 	have any build problems with xsrc, or problems with mismatched
    171 	versions between xorg-server and drivers.
    172 
    173 20100604:
    174 	The update of ATF to 0.9 causes old tests written in shell to fail
    175 	unless they are rebuilt.  If you are building with MKUPDATE=yes,
    176 	you need to clean the src/external/bsd/atf/tests/ and the src/tests/
    177 	trees by hand.
    178 
    179 20100522:
    180 	Recent Xorg updates in xsrc/external/mit/ will cause various build
    181 	problems.  Delete your entire DESTDIR and OBJDIR if you have any
    182 	build problems with xsrc.
    183 
    184 20100522:
    185 	private section of <ctype.h> was splitted, and now mklocale(1)
    186 	include ctype_local.h, so you have to make cleandir in tools/mklocale.
    187 
    188 20100520:
    189 	The location of the xkb compiled descriptions has changed.  Please
    190 	remove usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/compiled from your $DESTDIR.
    191 
    192 20100222:
    193 	The shared objects file extension has been changed from .so to
    194 	.pico, in order to avoid conflicts with shared libraries names
    195 	libXX.so.  All now stale regular .so files can be removed from
    196 	your object directories.
    197 
    198 20100204:
    199 	The termcap database has been removed from the sources,
    200 	but has not been marked obsolete so it is not removed
    201 	from the system when upgrading.
    202 	As such, you will need to remove them from your object
    203 	and destination directories.
    204 
    205 20091101:
    206         After updating, it may be necessary to make the 'cleandir'
    207         target in src/tools/yacc/ and in src/usr.bin/yacc/ before a
    208         'build.sh -u tools' or 'build.sh -u distribution'.  Ditto
    209         src/tools/lex/ and src/usr.bin/lex/.
    210 
    211 20091001:
    212 	On amd64 you must rebuild tools (to get the new binutils)
    213 	before building a kernel, or the build fails on cpufunc.S.
    214 
    215 20091001:
    216 	An error will create a ./usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/compiled/xkb
    217 	symlink, failing the build.  Delete the link, and the subdir
    218 	it is in, and retry your build.
    219 
    220 20090718:
    221 	libc build changed so that strchr() provides the extra entry
    222 	point for index().  Update build of libc.a (and libc_pic.a)
    223 	may fail because the archive contains the unwanted index.o.
    224 	(Similarly for strrchr() and rindex().)
    225 
    226 20090709:
    227 	Native Xorg was upgraded again.  Builds will probably fail again
    228 	without a clean objdir, at least for src/external/mit/xorg.
    229 
    230 20090616:
    231 	Native Xorg was upgraded.  Builds will need a clean objdir for
    232 	src/external/mit/xorg.  Upgrading a system from sets will not
    233 	work properly yet as the /usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/pc
    234 	subdirectory has been changed into a file, and this needs to
    235 	be manually "rm -r"'ed before installing xbase.tgz.
    236 
    237 20090501:
    238 	Several new functions were added to string.h/libc, and this
    239 	can cause autoconf problems during the tool build for people
    240 	who fail to clean out their tools objects properly.  If you
    241 	note messages about stpcpy, stpncpy or strnlen accompanying a
    242 	failure during the tool build, clean out all your tools
    243 	objects and start again.
    244 
    245 20090325:
    246 	The i386 port was switched to i486 default toolchain.  This requires
    247 	cleaning your src/tools directory and $TOOLDIR and rebuilding them.
    248 
    249 20090126:
    250 	The __posix_fadvise50 system call changed assembly stub type.  You
    251 	need to 'rm -f __posix_fadvise50.*' in the libc build directory
    252 	to avoid using the old assembly stub.
    253 
    254 20090202:
    255 	pkg_install now depends on the pkgdb cache for automatic conflict
    256 	detection.  It is recommented to rebuild the cache with
    257 	``pkg_admin rebuild''.
    258 
    259 20090110:
    260 	time_t and dev_t have been bumped to 64 bit quantities.  To upgrade:
    261 	1. Make sure your kernel has COMPAT_50 in it.  Build and install.
    262 	   This is needed even in the MODULAR kernel because there is
    263 	   conditionally compiled code in rtsock.c.
    264 	2. make sure build.sh completes and the binaries in a chroot work
    265 	   before installing.
    266 	3. If you don't use build.sh and you build directly to root, and
    267 	   your build breaks in the middle, don't despair.  Make sure headers
    268 	   are installed properly, and start building libraries first libc
    269 	   and libutil, install them and then continue building all the
    270 	   libraries in src/lib and src/gnu/lib and install them.  Once
    271 	   the new libraries are installed, you can restart the build.
    272 	4. If you compile packages and you notice link time warnings,
    273 	   rebuild the required packages to update their shared libraries.
    274 	   Any package you rebuild will require rebuilding all the packages
    275 	   that depend on it.
    276 	5. Next time you run pwd_mkdb with the new binary, the file
    277 	   will be upgraded and it will not be backwards compatible.
    278 	6. The utmpx/wtmpx files (/var/run/utmpx and /var/log/wtmpx, see
    279 	   lastlogx(5)) have been versioned, and there is a heuristic
    280 	   for utmp.  You are better off removing the old files after
    281 	   upgrading.  The automated clearing of /var/run during
    282 	   boot, and the automated rotating of files in /var/log by
    283 	   newsyslog(8), may mean that you do not have to remove the
    284 	   files manually.
    285 	7. The optional accounting file (/var/account/acct, see
    286 	   accton(8)) has not been versioned, and will need to be
    287 	   removed.  The automatic rotation of the accounting file by
    288 	   /etc/daily limits the bad consequences of failure to remove
    289 	   the file.
    290 	8. Application software that writes time_t to binary files on
    291 	   disk will break or need attention.  Most notably: if you are
    292 	   using PostgreSQL < 8.4, you need to dump your databases,
    293 	   rebuild PostgreSQL with the new time_t, then restore.
    294 
    295 20081219:
    296 	config(1) has been updated, and one of the files it creates -
    297 	swapnetbsd.o - has changed format.  You need to rebuild config
    298 	(done automatically by build.sh) and then you need to rerun
    299 	config on all kernel configuration files before rebuilding those
    300 	kernels.
    301 
    302 20081205:
    303 	If you build with MKX11=no, you should remove /etc/rc.d/xdm and
    304 	/etc/rc.d/xfs from DESTDIR because those files were moved to the xetc
    305 	set and will appear as extra files for MKX11=no update builds.
    306 
    307 20081122:
    308 	On i386, various kernel options(4) in GENERIC including
    309 	file systems have been disabled and moved into kernel modules.
    310 	Before trying a new GENERIC kernel, you have to prepare the
    311 	following files as well as a new GENERIC kernel:
    312 
    313 	- build and install kernel modules from src/sys/modules
    314 
    315 	- install the latest bootloader, which will load a module
    316 	  for the file system from which the kernel is loaded automatically
    317 
    318 	If you have to load your kernel from a file system which is not of
    319 	the same type as the root file system, you have to load the necessary
    320 	file system module manually on the boot prompt or in the boot.cfg file.
    321 
    322 20080827:
    323 	If you built and installed a libc from sources between
    324 	2008/08/20 and 2008/08/26 you got a broken strtouq(3)
    325 	which results in false errors reported by lint(1).
    326 	Since this breaks the libc build itself, manual help is
    327 	needed -- lint must be disabled temporarily, e.g.:
    328 	  $ (cd lib/libc && make MKLINT=no dependall install)
    329 
    330 20080813:
    331 	MKDEBUG build was broken because the .depend files did not know
    332 	about .go files.  You need to remove all .depend files and rebuild.
    333 
    334 20080802:
    335 	A regression in binary compatibility for pthread_mutex_t has
    336 	been fixed.  Unfortunately, the price is breaking compatibility
    337 	for -current.
    338 
    339 	Threaded programs (using libpthread) and C++ programs (using
    340 	libstdc++) compiled after 20070907 and before 20080802 need to
    341 	be recompiled.
    342 
    343 	One way to find affected pkgsrc packages:
    344 
    345 	  $ grep REQUIRES=/usr/lib/libpthread /var/db/pkg/*/+BUILD_INFO
    346 	  $ grep REQUIRES=/usr/lib/libstdc++ /var/db/pkg/*/+BUILD_INFO
    347 
    348 20080731:
    349 	WAPBL (metadata journaling support) has been added, but at this
    350 	time isn't backwards compatible with pre-WAPBL aware kernels
    351 	and userland (fsck_ffs in particular).  Please make sure you
    352 	don't use a journaled filesystem with an older kernel/userland,
    353 	especially an uncleanly mounted journaled filesystem.  WAPBL
    354 	also requires the super block to be in the UFS2 format.  You
    355 	can use fsck_ffs -c 4 to update the superblock format.
    356 
    357 20080721:
    358 	Assembler warnings are now fatal if $WARNS>0 and $NOGCCERROR
    359 	isn't defined.
    360 
    361 20080531:
    362 	The ioctl number of DRVSUSPENDDEV command on /dev/drvctl changed
    363 	from 125 (conflicted with DRVCTLCOMMAND) to 129.  The drvctl(8)
    364 	utility needs to be rebuilt and reinstalled as older binaries
    365 	won't work correctly.  The following sequence of commands:
    366 
    367 	  $ (cd sys/sys/ && nbmake-$arch includes)
    368 	  $ (cd sbin/drvctl/ && nbmake-$arch clean)
    369 	  $ (cd sbin/drvctl/ && nbmake-$arch all)
    370 
    371 	leaves new drvctl utility in sbin/drvctl build directory.
    372 
    373 20080503:
    374 	The <bsd.lib.mk> variable MKPRIVATELIB was renamed to LIBISPRIVATE.
    375 
    376 20080521:
    377 	For a while, unprivileged UPDATE builds would fail to
    378 	succeed at the checkflist stage, complaining that
    379 	${DESTDIR}/stand/<arch>/ did not exist.  A fix for this
    380 	problem was committed to share/mk/bsd.kmodule.mk, revision 1.9.
    381 	If you already hit this problem, update the .mk file,
    382 	remove ${DESTDIR}/stand/<arch>, and re-run the build.
    383 
    384 20080303:
    385 	Linker warnings are now fatal if $WARNS>0.
    386 
    387 20080126:
    388 	The posix_fadvise system call has been changed from an assembly
    389 	stub, to a c file that calls an assembly stub.  You need to
    390 	'rm -f posix_fadvise.* .depend' in the libc build directory to
    391 	avoid using the old assembly stub.
    392 
    393 20071209:
    394 	The acpiec(4) driver has been split into two attachments.  If you
    395 	get ACPI errors before the attachment, please update your kernel
    396 	configuration file appropriately or see GENERIC for more details.
    397 
    398 20071115:
    399 	The it(4) driver has been renamed to itesio(4) and the old port
    400 	argument specified in the kernel configuration file is not valid
    401 	anymore.  The itesio(4) driver now uses the Super I/O address port
    402 	rather than the EC address port.  Please update your kernel
    403 	configuration file appropriately or see GENERIC for more details.
    404 
    405 20071028:
    406 	The pccons(4) driver has been removed from the NetBSD/shark port.
    407 	You need to update any custom kernel configuration file you have
    408 	to remove any references to pccons (which includes removing the
    409 	now useless XSERVER option) and replace them with the correct
    410 	entries for the wscons driver.  See the GENERIC configuration file
    411 	for more details.
    412 
    413 20070913:
    414 	A latent bug in dhclient/dhcpd that caused it to be unable to
    415 	enumerate interfaces was fixed.  The bug began to cause
    416 	problems after 20070911 when the kernel's SIOCGIFCONF
    417 	implementation was repaired.  From 20070529 to 20070911 racoon
    418 	could not enumerate interfaces.  (These are noted because
    419 	normal kernel/userspace version matching hygiene is not
    420 	sufficient to avoid this problem.)  Ensure that both kernel
    421 	and userland are from after 20070913.
    422 
    423 20070703:
    424 	nbinstall has been renamed ${MACHINE_GNU_ARCH}-install.  It
    425 	calls the target-specific strip program, and the logic to pass
    426 	down STRIP from make has been removed.  This requires a
    427 	re-installation of tools.
    428 
    429 20070422:
    430 	The way OS emulations lookup filenames inside the emulation root
    431 	has been changed.  Rather than modify the pathname (and copy back
    432 	to userspace) namei() and lookup() directly check the emulation
    433 	root.  One side effect is that absolute symlinks inside the emulated
    434 	root file system will be relative to that file system - unless they
    435 	start /../ this is useful when the emulated root is a real install
    436 	that has such links.
    437 	This might affect symlinks that have been added to reference outside
    438 	the emulated root.
    439 
    440 20070412:
    441 	The pckbc driver on sgimips IP32 has been removed.  Use macekbc
    442 	instead.  See the GENERIC32_IP3x kernel configuration for an
    443 	example.
    444 
    445 20070319:
    446         src/lib/libc/Makefile revision 1.129 broke libc and ld.elf_so
    447         on many platforms due to incorrect flags settings.  If you
    448         updated and built after about 20070315, do "nbmake-$arch
    449 	cleandir" in src/lib/libc and src/libexec/ld.elf_so to force a
    450 	rebuild of object files that might have been built
    451 	incorrectly, and ensure that you have at least
    452 	src/lib/libc/Makefile 1.130.
    453 
    454 20070210:
    455         src/sys/sys/{sa.h,savar.h} were removed.
    456           find ${OBJDIR} \( -name .depend -o -name '*.d' \) -print \
    457               | xargs egrep -l '/sa.h|/savar.h' | xargs rm
    458         will allow dependencies on those files to get get rebuilt
    459 
    460 20070209:
    461         The threading model was changed when the newlock2 branch
    462         was merged to NetBSD-current.  If you boot with a new
    463         kernel (version 4.99.10), then you also need a new pthread
    464         library (/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0.7).  If you boot with
    465         an old kernel, then you need the old pthread library
    466         (/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0.6).  Provided you keep the kernel and
    467         the pthread library in sync, old threaded applications should
    468         continue to work with an old or new kernel.  Note that named(8)
    469 	is the only threaded application in the base system.
    470 
    471 20061214:
    472 	Following the move of string_to_flags() and flags_to_string()
    473 	from the bin/ls/ sources to libutil, users doing UPDATE builds
    474 	will need to do a "make cleandir" in
    475 		tools/mtree/, tools/makefs/, tools/binstall/, tools/pax/,
    476 		bin/pax/, bin/ls/, usr.sbin/mtree/, usr.sbin/makefs/,
    477 		usr.bin/xinstall/, libexec/ftpd/, rescue/, as well
    478 		as the installation images in distrib/
    479 	in order to excise stale references to the old stat_flags.h header
    480 	file in the ls sources -- stat_flags.h has been removed.
    481 
    482 20061108:
    483 	The configure script used in the src/tools/gcc compiler has been
    484 	changed to indicate that our libc has ssp support built-in and
    485 	does not depend on -lssp and -lssp-nonshared.  You'll need to
    486 	make clean in src/tools/gcc first to rebuild the compiler.
    487 
    488 20061009:
    489 	The sysctl variables net.inet{,6}.tcp{,6}.newreno are no longer
    490 	available.  Use net.inet{,6}.tcp{,6}.congctl.selected instead.
    491 
    492 20060814:
    493 	The vt, vidcconsole, kbd, and rpckbd drivers on acorn32 have been
    494 	withdrawn.  Use vidcvideo and pckbd instead.  See the GENERIC
    495 	kernel configuration for an example.  X servers from the last
    496 	few years should cope.
    497 
    498 20060703:
    499 	MPACPI is no more.  We always configure PCI interrupts using ACPI
    500 	if we have an ACPI kernel.  The option MPACPI_SCANPCI has been renamed
    501 	to ACPI_SCANPCI.  Thanks to work from fvdl.
    502 
    503 20060627:
    504 	socket(2) has changed, and its system call has been versioned.
    505 	For userlands with the old version of socket(2), make sure that
    506 	your kernel has 'options COMPAT_30' set, or else 'bad system call'
    507 	errors will result.
    508 
    509 Hints for a more successful build:
    510 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    511     Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode":
    512 	This will automatically build the tools in the
    513 	   correct order, and it will keep the tools and the
    514 	   new build products from interfering with the running
    515 	   system.  This will allow you to ignore most of the
    516 	   other advice in this file.
    517     Build a new kernel first:
    518 	This makes sure that any new system calls or features
    519 	   expected by the new userland will be present.  This
    520 	   helps to avoid critical errors when upgrading.
    521     Use object directories:
    522 	This helps to keep stale object
    523 	   files from polluting the build if a Makefile "forgets"
    524 	   about one.  It also makes it easier to clean up after
    525 	   a build.  It's also necessary if you want to use the
    526 	   same source tree for multiple machines.
    527 	   To use object directories with build.sh:
    528 	    a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options.
    529 	   To use object directories without using build.sh:
    530 	    a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir
    531 	    b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
    532 	    c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
    533 	    d) cd /usr/src ; make build
    534 	   Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create
    535 	   in obj.$MACHINE directory.
    536     Build to a DESTDIR:
    537 	This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries)
    538 	   from interfering with the new build.
    539 	   To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option.
    540 	   To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR
    541 	   environment variable before running make build.  It should be
    542 	   set to the pathname of an initially empty directory.
    543 	   Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to
    544 		update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since
    545 		nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR.
    546 		(See critical utils, below.)
    547     Build often:
    548 	This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke
    549 	on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to
    550 	date functionality.  If you use build.sh, you should not have
    551 	this problem.
    552 
    553 What to do if things don't work:
    554 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    555 When things don't work there are usually a few things that commonly
    556 should be done.
    557     1)	make includes
    558 	This should be done automatically by make build.
    559     2)  cd share/mk && make install
    560 	Again, automatically done by make build.
    561 
    562 Failsafe rebuild of a small part of the tree:
    563 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    564 To make sure you rebuild something correctly you want to do
    565 something like the following:
    566     1)  Make sure the includes and .mk files are up to date.
    567     2)  Make sure any program used to build the particular
    568 	utility is up to date.  (yacc, lex, etc...)
    569     3)  cd ...path/to/util...
    570 	make cleandir
    571 	rm ...all obj directories...
    572 	make cleandir			# yes, again
    573 	make obj
    574 	make depend && make
    575 
    576 Failsafe rebuild of the entire tree:
    577 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    578 If you really want to make sure the source tree is clean and
    579 ready for a build try the following.  Note that sourcing /etc/mk.conf
    580 (a make(1) Makefile) in this manner is not right, and will not work
    581 for anyone who uses any make(1) features in /etc/mk.conf.
    582 
    583 ---cut here---
    584 #!/bin/sh
    585 . /etc/mk.conf
    586 
    587 if [ -z $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
    588     NETBSDSRCDIR=/usr/src
    589 fi
    590 if [ \! -d $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
    591     echo Unable to find sources
    592     exit 1
    593 fi
    594 find $NETBSDSRCDIR -name \*.o -o -name obj.\* -o -name obj -exec rm \{\} \;
    595 
    596 if [ -z $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
    597     BSDOBJDIR=/usr/obj
    598 fi
    599 if [ -d $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
    600     rm -rf $BSDOBJDIR
    601 fi
    602 
    603 cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir
    604 
    605 ---cut here---
    606 
    607 Critical utilities:
    608 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    609 	usr.bin/compile_et
    610 	usr.bin/make
    611 	usr.bin/yacc
    612 	usr.bin/lex
    613 	usr.bin/xlint
    614 	usr.bin/config
    615 
    616 Other problems and possible solutions:
    617 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    618 Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.
    619 Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/make:
    620 	cd usr.bin/make && make && make install
    621 	Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:
    622 	cd usr.bin/make && cc *.c */*.c -I . -o make && mv make /usr/bin
    623 
    624 Fix:	Make sure .mk files are up to date.
    625 	cd share/mk && make install
    626 
    627 Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.
    628 Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/config
    629 
    630 Symptom:
    631 Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/yacc
    632 
    633 Symptom:
    634 Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/lex
    635 
    636 Symptom:
    637 Fix:	rm /usr/lib/libbfd.a
    638 
    639 Symptom:Obsolete intermediate files are used during compilation
    640 Fix:	Try the following sequence of commands in the directory in question.
    641 	make cleandir; rm `make print-objdir`; make cleandir; make obj
    642 	(If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files
    643 	may remain.  The command tries to clean everything up)
    644 
    645 Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible
    646 	pointer type
    647 Fix:	Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc
    648 
    649 Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype
    650 Fix:	Build and install usr.bin/mklocale
    651 
    652 Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13'
    653 Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
    654 
    655 Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build.
    656 Fix:	Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.
    657 
    658 Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'
    659 Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
    660 
    661 Symptom:lint does not understand the '-X' option
    662 Fix:    May need to build & install libs with NOLINT=1 before rebuilding lint
    663 
    664 Symptom:Update build fails in src/tools/gcc complaining that a variable
    665 	(e.g. CPPFLAGS) has changed since the previous run.
    666 Fix:    Run "nbmake-${ARCH} clean" in src/tools/gcc or do a clean build.
    667