UPDATING revision 1.348
1$NetBSD: UPDATING,v 1.348 2024/04/20 14:06:47 rillig Exp $
2
3This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent
4changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for
5what to do if something doesn't work.
6
7For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD
8using build.sh, see the BUILDING file.
9
10Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before
11build.sh existed.  Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for
12working around specific problems with build.sh.
13
14Sections are marked with "^^^^^".  After the section on "Recent changes"
15are several sections containing more general information.
16
17See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile.
18
19Recent changes:
20^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
21
2220240410:
23	Update builds may require manually deleting
24	$DESTDIR/var/run/named (and, potentially,
25	$DESTDIR/var/run/lwresd) in order to avoid checkflist failure.
26
2720240409:
28	32-bit compatibility libraries were moved into the base32
29	and debug32 sets.  HTML man pages were moved into the manhtml set.
30
3120230828:
32	If:
33        - you updated to current and ran postinstall between 20230826
34	  and 20230828 inclusive, and
35        - you are not using anything outside the base system to
36	  populate /etc/openssl/certs (e.g., manually adding
37	  certificates or using ca-certificates or mozilla-rootcerts or
38	  mozilla-rootcerts-openssl from pkgsrc),
39	delete /etc/openssl/certs and rerun postinstall or just
40	`certctl rehash'.
41
42	Otherwise, certctl(8) will think someone else has left
43	/etc/openssl/certs in the way and will avoid clobbering it on
44	upgrade from older NetBSD.
45
4620230718:
47	build.sh will use mk.conf in the same directory as build.sh instead
48	of /etc/mk.conf, unless MAKECONF is already defined in the environment.
49
5020230714:
51	Import of gcc 10.5 requires a clean build of at least tools/gcc
52	and external/gpl3/gcc* object directories. An update build
53	without cleaning will result in obscure failures in rare corner
54	cases.
55
5620230604:
57	Building native kernels with the installed make(1) instead of
58	the $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-${arch} wrapper will fail if userland
59	has not been updated. Note that this is an unsupported build
60	configuration (but usually works if userland is -current enough).
61
6220230523:
63	ctfmerge was fixed as macOS host tool. This may require a clean tools
64	rebuild to detect the update to tools/compat/configure.
65
6620230515:
67	New openssl build requires removal of the crypto/external/bsd/openssl
68	and tests/crypto/libcrypto subdirectories in the ${OBJDIR} hierarchy.
69	Otherwise test results may be wrong due to wrong "golden" output
70	files being installed.
71
7220230322:
73	Fixes for moved /lib/libisns* mean that builds will complain about
74	./usr/lib/libisns* being missing until src/lib/libisns is forced
75	to (re)install the files, including the symlinks.  The simplest
76	way is to clean this subdir before building.
77
7820230112:
79	New binutils require an updated ld.elf_so. If you are doing
80	(unsupported) in-place self builds (with the -E flag to build.sh),
81	make sure to have installed latest ld.elf_so before you rebuild
82	userland.
83
8420221116:
85	The addition to NetBSD's version of UFS2 of support for extended
86	attributes broke backward compatibility with previous releases
87	of NetBSD, so UFS2 has been restored to being compatible with
88	previous NetBSD releases by disabling extended attributes.
89	(Note that ACLs are implemented as extended attributes, so
90	this changes disables ACLs as well.)
91
92	Support for UFS2 with extended attributes is now available in a new
93	UFS variant called UFS2ea.  If you have created extended attributes
94	in an original UFS2 file system then "fsck -p" will now fail due to
95	the unexpected presence of extended attributes and "fsck -y" will
96	remove all extended attributes.  If you wish to preserve extended
97	attributes rather than delete them, there is a utility to convert
98	a UFS2 file system to UFS2ea and leave extended attributes in place,
99	but this should be used with caution since it will preserve any
100	extended attributes that have been corrupted by the backward
101	incompatibility too.
102
103	If you wish to use a UFS2ea file system as your root file system,
104	then you will need to update your boot loader to a version that
105	supports UFS2ea.
106
107	For more information, see:
108	https://wiki.netbsd.org/features/UFS2ea
109
11020221111:
111	The new libdrm import worsened the conflict issues for the
112	kdump/ktruss ioctl, and i915 now conflicts with base, and has
113	been turned off.  This will cause update build issues like:
114
115		kdump-ioctl.c:12175:143: error: 'DRM_IOCTL_I915_DESTROY_HEAP'
116		   undeclared here (not in a function);
117		   did you mean 'DRM_IOCTL_MODE_DESTROY_DUMB'?
118
119	You'll need to clean usr.bin/ktruss, usr.bin/kdump, and rescue.
120
12120220921:
122	Since the kernel version was bumped to 9.99.100, the bootloader
123	must be updated on x86 or EFI boot platforms in order to load
124	modules from boot.cfg(5) or interactively at the bootloader
125	prompt.
126
127	The kernel can still load modules at runtime, with modload(8)
128	or modules.conf(5), with no bootloader update.  This will not
129	affect release branches because it only applies to patch
130	numbers >=100.
131
132	On x86 (i386 or amd64) with BIOS boot, this requires copying a
133	new /usr/mdec/boot to /boot.  You can build this in the destdir
134	by running `$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
135	sys/arch/i386/stand.
136
137	On platforms with EFI boot (including x86 with EFI boot), this
138	requires copying a new /usr/mdec/boot*.efi to the EFI/BOOT/
139	directory on the EFI system partition.  The boot*.efi file is:
140
141	aarch64	bootaa64.efi
142	amd64	bootx64.efi
143	arm	bootarm.efi	(32-bit arm)
144	i386	bootx32.efi
145
146	You can build this in the destdir by running
147	`$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
148	sys/stand/efiboot/boot*.
149
15020220821:
151	Support for building extsrc/ has been deprecated.
152	EXTSRCSRCDIR and MKEXTSRC have been deprecated.
153
15420220714:
155	Updates to xorg-server and associated drivers may cause builds to
156	fail.  Cleaning both DESTDIR and the xorg build tree may be needed.
157
15820220628:
159	Changes in the build of src/games/robots require a clean build
160	of that program.
161
16220211116:
163	Changes in the xorg build require clean obj dirs for external/mit/xorg
164	(or a full clean/non-update build).
165
16620211112:
167	Device tree sources were updated for evbarm.  Some device nodes
168	(in particular, ld(4) devices on the ROCKPro64) will be renumbered.
169
17020211014:
171	MKPIE default for aarch64 has changed, a clean build is required.
172
17320210917:
174	Changed MNT_ACLS to default to POSIX1e ACLs instead of NFSv4
175	ACLs, to be compatible with FreeBSD. If you are using NFSv4 ACLs
176	and have "acls" in /etc/fstab you'll need to change it to "nfs4acls".
177
17820210711:
179	Updated GMP sources may require cleaning in tools/gmp and/or in
180	external/lgpl3/gmp/lib, particularly if GCC itself does not build.
181
18220210417:
183	GCC 10 was enabled for several platforms.  If builds fail in either
184	tools/gcc or external/gpl/gcc, first try cleaning those objects and
185	removing the $DESTDIR/usr/include/g++ subdirectory.
186
18720201016:
188	MIPS kernel modules have been disabled until they work.  This will
189	turn up in extra files in the DESTDIR, which should be cleaned.
190
19120200925:
192	GNU MPC and MPFR have been updated.  At least MPFR needs cleaning
193	in both the tools and external dirs.
194
19520200912:
196	GCC 9 has arrived for Arm and x86 platforms, and will be coming
197	for several more, as will binutils 2.34.  Clean as required.
198
19920200907:
200	GCC 9 is coming, and binutils has been updated for MIPS.  This
201	probably requires cleaning the tools/binutils.
202
20320200811:
204	GCC updates may require cleaning the objdir.  This may occur
205	due to GCC 7.5 update, GCC 8.4 move to gcc.old, or the upcoming
206	GCC 9 upgrade.
207
20820200614:
209	blacklist* has been renamed to blocklist*. postinstall(8)
210	should handle the migration.
211
21220200601:
213	Due to a mistake in LIBISPRIVATE handling, .so libraries were
214	created in the build directories and need cleaning.
215
21620200311:
217	GCC 8 ports will need cleaning in src/tools/gcc and
218	src/external/gpl3/gcc due to GCC 8.4 update.
219
22020191118:
221	More architectures were switched to gcc8:
222	    i386, ia64 powerpc64, sparc, sparc64, arm
223	The same comments as in 20191022 apply.
224
22520191112:
226	The LLVM update requires a clean rebuild for all architectures using
227	LLVM during the tools build phase (i386, amd64, aarch64).
228
22920191022:
230	Ports amd64 and aarch64 switched to GCC 8.3 by default.
231	In-place ("expert mode", build.sh -E) builds are not supported
232	when going from a GCC 7 userland to GCC 8. Do a regular
233	build to a different DESTDIR (or preferably: build.sh -U) at least
234	once and install sets, or download comp.{tar.xz,tgz} from the
235	daily builds and install that before doing the next in-place build.
236
23720191001:
238	GCC 8.3 was imported.  Builds of src/tools/gcc may fail if
239	old builds with GCC 7 output now uses GCC 8.  Clean this
240	directory, and also clean src/external/gpl3/gcc.
241
24220190903:
243	Files with names that coincide with existing files' names on
244	case-insensitive file systems were inadvertently committed, for
245	radeon GPU firmware.  We cannot mark these as obsolete for
246	postinstall to fix, so if you updated src since 2019-08-26, and
247	ran build.sh distribution or ran build.sh release, you must
248	manually delete the following files in your DESTDIR (which is
249	usually $OBJDIR/destir.$ARCH), or from / if you have installed
250	them:
251
252		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_ce.bin
253		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mc.bin
254		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_me.bin
255		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mec.bin
256		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_pfp.bin
257		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_rlc.bin
258		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_sdma.bin
259		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_smc.bin
260		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_uvd.bin
261		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_ce.bin
262		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_mc.bin
263		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_me.bin
264		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_pfp.bin
265		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_rlc.bin
266		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_smc.bin
267		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_ce.bin
268		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mc.bin
269		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_me.bin
270		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mec.bin
271		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_pfp.bin
272		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_rlc.bin
273		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_sdma.bin
274		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_smc.bin
275		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_ce.bin
276		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_me.bin
277		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_mec.bin
278		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_pfp.bin
279		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_rlc.bin
280		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_sdma.bin
281		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_ce.bin
282		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_me.bin
283		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec.bin
284		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec2.bin
285		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_pfp.bin
286		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_rlc.bin
287		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_sdma.bin
288		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_ce.bin
289		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_me.bin
290		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_mec.bin
291		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_pfp.bin
292		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_rlc.bin
293		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_sdma.bin
294		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_ce.bin
295		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_mc.bin
296		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_me.bin
297		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_pfp.bin
298		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_rlc.bin
299		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_smc.bin
300		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_ce.bin
301		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_mc.bin
302		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_me.bin
303		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_pfp.bin
304		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_rlc.bin
305		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_smc.bin
306		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_ce.bin
307		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_mc.bin
308		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_me.bin
309		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_pfp.bin
310		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_rlc.bin
311		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_smc.bin
312		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_ce.bin
313		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_mc.bin
314		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_me.bin
315		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_pfp.bin
316		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_rlc.bin
317		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_smc.bin
318
319	We will re-import these radeon firmware images another way
320	later.
321
32220190727:
323	The uefi bootloader has gained tftp support and needs a clean
324	build. If you do update builds, manually clean its object
325	directory by something like:
326	cd sys/arch/i386/stand/efiboot && make clean
327
32820190723:
329	The jemalloc allocator in libc is now built without extended
330	debugging (for performance reasons). In update builds make sure
331	to rebuild it completely, by removing all affected object files,
332	including compat builds, something like:
333	cd /usr/obj && find . -type d -name jemalloc|xargs rm -rf
334
33520190207:
336	GCC 7 switched for many ports.  Update builds are likely to fail.
337
338Hints for a more successful build:
339^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
340    Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode":
341	This will automatically build the tools in the
342	   correct order, and it will keep the tools and the
343	   new build products from interfering with the running
344	   system.  This will allow you to ignore most of the
345	   other advice in this file.
346    Build a new kernel first:
347	This makes sure that any new system calls or features
348	   expected by the new userland will be present.  This
349	   helps to avoid critical errors when upgrading.
350    Use object directories:
351	This helps to keep stale object
352	   files from polluting the build if a Makefile "forgets"
353	   about one.  It also makes it easier to clean up after
354	   a build.  It's also necessary if you want to use the
355	   same source tree for multiple machines.
356	   To use object directories with build.sh:
357	    a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options.
358	   To use object directories without using build.sh:
359	    a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir
360	    b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
361	    c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
362	    d) cd /usr/src ; make build
363	   Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create
364	   in obj.$MACHINE directory.
365    Build to a DESTDIR:
366	This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries)
367	   from interfering with the new build.
368	   To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option.
369	   To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR
370	   environment variable before running make build.  It should be
371	   set to the pathname of an initially empty directory.
372	   Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to
373		update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since
374		nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR.
375		(See critical utils, below.)
376    Build often:
377	This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke
378	on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to
379	date functionality.  If you use build.sh, you should not have
380	this problem.
381
382What to do if things don't work:
383^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
384When things don't work there are usually a few things that commonly
385should be done.
386    1)	make includes
387	This should be done automatically by make build.
388    2)  cd share/mk && make install
389	Again, automatically done by make build.
390
391Failsafe rebuild of a small part of the tree:
392^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
393To make sure you rebuild something correctly you want to do
394something like the following:
395    1)  Make sure the includes and .mk files are up to date.
396    2)  Make sure any program used to build the particular
397	utility is up to date.  (yacc, lex, etc...)
398    3)  cd ...path/to/util...
399	make cleandir
400	rm ...all obj directories...
401	make cleandir			# yes, again
402	make obj
403	make depend && make
404
405Failsafe rebuild of the entire tree:
406^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
407If you really want to make sure the source tree is clean and
408ready for a build try the following.  Note that sourcing /etc/mk.conf
409(a make(1) Makefile) in this manner is not right, and will not work
410for anyone who uses any make(1) features in /etc/mk.conf.
411
412---cut here---
413#!/bin/sh
414. /etc/mk.conf
415
416if [ -z $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
417    NETBSDSRCDIR=/usr/src
418fi
419if [ \! -d $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
420    echo Unable to find sources
421    exit 1
422fi
423find $NETBSDSRCDIR -name \*.o -o -name obj.\* -o -name obj -exec rm \{\} \;
424
425if [ -z $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
426    BSDOBJDIR=/usr/obj
427fi
428if [ -d $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
429    rm -rf $BSDOBJDIR
430fi
431
432cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir
433
434---cut here---
435
436Critical utilities:
437^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
438	usr.bin/make
439	usr.bin/yacc
440	usr.bin/lex
441	usr.bin/xlint
442	usr.bin/config
443
444Other problems and possible solutions:
445^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
446Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.
447Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/make:
448	cd usr.bin/make && make && make install
449	Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:
450	cd usr.bin/make && cc -DMAKE_NATIVE *.c -I. -o make \
451	&& install make /usr/bin
452
453Fix:	Make sure .mk files are up to date.
454	cd share/mk && make install
455
456Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.
457Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/config
458
459Symptom:Obsolete intermediate files are used during compilation
460Fix:	Try the following sequence of commands in the directory in question.
461	make cleandir; rm `make print-objdir`; make cleandir; make obj
462	(If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files
463	may remain.  The command tries to clean everything up)
464
465Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible
466	pointer type
467Fix:	Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc
468
469Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype
470Fix:	Build and install usr.bin/mklocale
471
472Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13'
473Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
474
475Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build.
476Fix:	Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.
477
478Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'
479Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
480
481Symptom:Update build fails in src/tools/gcc complaining that a variable
482	(e.g. CPPFLAGS) has changed since the previous run.
483Fix:    Run "nbmake-${ARCH} clean" in src/tools/gcc or do a clean build.
484
485Symptom:cvs [update aborted]: cannot open directory /cvsroot/src/...:
486	No such file or directory.
487Cause:	If a directory is created by mistake, then it is sometimes
488	deleted from the CVS repository using administrative commands
489	that bypass the normal cvs access controls.  If your cvs working tree
490	contains references to a directory that has been deleted on the
491	server in this way, then "cvs update" reports this error.
492Fix:	Recursively delete the affected directory from your working tree
493	and try the update again.
494