UPDATING revision 1.358
1$NetBSD: UPDATING,v 1.358 2024/09/24 13:59:30 martin Exp $
2
3This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent
4changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for
5what to do if something doesn't work.
6
7For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD
8using build.sh, see the BUILDING file.
9
10Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before
11build.sh existed.  Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for
12working around specific problems with build.sh.
13
14Sections are marked with "^^^^^".  After the section on "Recent changes"
15are several sections containing more general information.
16
17See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile.
18
19Recent changes:
20^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
21
2220240923:
23	Update builds will require cleaning the object directories for
24	jemalloc (like: rm -rf "$OBJ/external/bsd/jemalloc*") and the
25	libc dependency files (like: "rm $OBJ/lib/libc/stdlib/jemalloc.*").
26
2720240817:
28	Update builds will require cleaning in src/external/historical/nawk/bin
29	in order to remove the awk binary since now there is a subdirectory
30	called awk.
31
3220240812:
33	Update builds will require removing the tools objdir for gdb
34	if building with MKCROSSGDB=yes. All architectures use gdb.old
35	now.
36
3720240630:
38	Update builds will require removing the tools objdir for binutils
39	(as most architectures should use binutils.old now).
40
4120240610:
42	Update builds are likely to require removing the objdir for
43	distrib/<arch>/cdroms - or at least references to libarchive
44	from within there after the recent libarchive update.
45
4620240504:
47	Update builds on x86 require making the `cleandir' target in
48	lib/libm, or deleting the objdir for lib/libm.
49
5020240423:
51	Update builds with x11 may fail after switching to Mesa 21.
52
5320240410:
54	Update builds may require manually deleting
55	$DESTDIR/var/run/named (and, potentially,
56	$DESTDIR/var/run/lwresd) in order to avoid checkflist failure.
57
5820240409:
59	32-bit compatibility libraries were moved into the base32
60	and debug32 sets.  HTML man pages were moved into the manhtml set.
61
6220230828:
63	If:
64        - you updated to current and ran postinstall between 20230826
65	  and 20230828 inclusive, and
66        - you are not using anything outside the base system to
67	  populate /etc/openssl/certs (e.g., manually adding
68	  certificates or using ca-certificates or mozilla-rootcerts or
69	  mozilla-rootcerts-openssl from pkgsrc),
70	delete /etc/openssl/certs and rerun postinstall or just
71	`certctl rehash'.
72
73	Otherwise, certctl(8) will think someone else has left
74	/etc/openssl/certs in the way and will avoid clobbering it on
75	upgrade from older NetBSD.
76
7720230718:
78	build.sh will use mk.conf in the same directory as build.sh instead
79	of /etc/mk.conf, unless MAKECONF is already defined in the environment.
80
8120230714:
82	Import of gcc 10.5 requires a clean build of at least tools/gcc
83	and external/gpl3/gcc* object directories. An update build
84	without cleaning will result in obscure failures in rare corner
85	cases.
86
8720230604:
88	Building native kernels with the installed make(1) instead of
89	the $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-${arch} wrapper will fail if userland
90	has not been updated. Note that this is an unsupported build
91	configuration (but usually works if userland is -current enough).
92
9320230523:
94	ctfmerge was fixed as macOS host tool. This may require a clean tools
95	rebuild to detect the update to tools/compat/configure.
96
9720230515:
98	New openssl build requires removal of the crypto/external/bsd/openssl
99	and tests/crypto/libcrypto subdirectories in the ${OBJDIR} hierarchy.
100	Otherwise test results may be wrong due to wrong "golden" output
101	files being installed.
102
10320230322:
104	Fixes for moved /lib/libisns* mean that builds will complain about
105	./usr/lib/libisns* being missing until src/lib/libisns is forced
106	to (re)install the files, including the symlinks.  The simplest
107	way is to clean this subdir before building.
108
10920230112:
110	New binutils require an updated ld.elf_so. If you are doing
111	(unsupported) in-place self builds (with the -E flag to build.sh),
112	make sure to have installed latest ld.elf_so before you rebuild
113	userland.
114
11520221116:
116	The addition to NetBSD's version of UFS2 of support for extended
117	attributes broke backward compatibility with previous releases
118	of NetBSD, so UFS2 has been restored to being compatible with
119	previous NetBSD releases by disabling extended attributes.
120	(Note that ACLs are implemented as extended attributes, so
121	this changes disables ACLs as well.)
122
123	Support for UFS2 with extended attributes is now available in a new
124	UFS variant called UFS2ea.  If you have created extended attributes
125	in an original UFS2 file system then "fsck -p" will now fail due to
126	the unexpected presence of extended attributes and "fsck -y" will
127	remove all extended attributes.  If you wish to preserve extended
128	attributes rather than delete them, there is a utility to convert
129	a UFS2 file system to UFS2ea and leave extended attributes in place,
130	but this should be used with caution since it will preserve any
131	extended attributes that have been corrupted by the backward
132	incompatibility too.
133
134	If you wish to use a UFS2ea file system as your root file system,
135	then you will need to update your boot loader to a version that
136	supports UFS2ea.
137
138	For more information, see:
139	https://wiki.netbsd.org/features/UFS2ea
140
14120221111:
142	The new libdrm import worsened the conflict issues for the
143	kdump/ktruss ioctl, and i915 now conflicts with base, and has
144	been turned off.  This will cause update build issues like:
145
146		kdump-ioctl.c:12175:143: error: 'DRM_IOCTL_I915_DESTROY_HEAP'
147		   undeclared here (not in a function);
148		   did you mean 'DRM_IOCTL_MODE_DESTROY_DUMB'?
149
150	You'll need to clean usr.bin/ktruss, usr.bin/kdump, and rescue.
151
15220220921:
153	Since the kernel version was bumped to 9.99.100, the bootloader
154	must be updated on x86 or EFI boot platforms in order to load
155	modules from boot.cfg(5) or interactively at the bootloader
156	prompt.
157
158	The kernel can still load modules at runtime, with modload(8)
159	or modules.conf(5), with no bootloader update.  This will not
160	affect release branches because it only applies to patch
161	numbers >=100.
162
163	On x86 (i386 or amd64) with BIOS boot, this requires copying a
164	new /usr/mdec/boot to /boot.  You can build this in the destdir
165	by running `$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
166	sys/arch/i386/stand.
167
168	On platforms with EFI boot (including x86 with EFI boot), this
169	requires copying a new /usr/mdec/boot*.efi to the EFI/BOOT/
170	directory on the EFI system partition.  The boot*.efi file is:
171
172	aarch64	bootaa64.efi
173	amd64	bootx64.efi
174	arm	bootarm.efi	(32-bit arm)
175	i386	bootx32.efi
176
177	You can build this in the destdir by running
178	`$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
179	sys/stand/efiboot/boot*.
180
18120220821:
182	Support for building extsrc/ has been deprecated.
183	EXTSRCSRCDIR and MKEXTSRC have been deprecated.
184
18520220714:
186	Updates to xorg-server and associated drivers may cause builds to
187	fail.  Cleaning both DESTDIR and the xorg build tree may be needed.
188
18920220628:
190	Changes in the build of src/games/robots require a clean build
191	of that program.
192
19320211116:
194	Changes in the xorg build require clean obj dirs for external/mit/xorg
195	(or a full clean/non-update build).
196
19720211112:
198	Device tree sources were updated for evbarm.  Some device nodes
199	(in particular, ld(4) devices on the ROCKPro64) will be renumbered.
200
20120211014:
202	MKPIE default for aarch64 has changed, a clean build is required.
203
20420210917:
205	Changed MNT_ACLS to default to POSIX1e ACLs instead of NFSv4
206	ACLs, to be compatible with FreeBSD. If you are using NFSv4 ACLs
207	and have "acls" in /etc/fstab you'll need to change it to "nfs4acls".
208
20920210711:
210	Updated GMP sources may require cleaning in tools/gmp and/or in
211	external/lgpl3/gmp/lib, particularly if GCC itself does not build.
212
21320210417:
214	GCC 10 was enabled for several platforms.  If builds fail in either
215	tools/gcc or external/gpl3/gcc, first try cleaning those objects and
216	removing the $DESTDIR/usr/include/g++ subdirectory.
217
21820201016:
219	MIPS kernel modules have been disabled until they work.  This will
220	turn up in extra files in the DESTDIR, which should be cleaned.
221
22220200925:
223	GNU MPC and MPFR have been updated.  At least MPFR needs cleaning
224	in both the tools and external dirs.
225
22620200912:
227	GCC 9 has arrived for Arm and x86 platforms, and will be coming
228	for several more, as will binutils 2.34.  Clean as required.
229
23020200907:
231	GCC 9 is coming, and binutils has been updated for MIPS.  This
232	probably requires cleaning the tools/binutils.
233
23420200811:
235	GCC updates may require cleaning the objdir.  This may occur
236	due to GCC 7.5 update, GCC 8.4 move to gcc.old, or the upcoming
237	GCC 9 upgrade.
238
23920200614:
240	blacklist* has been renamed to blocklist*. postinstall(8)
241	should handle the migration.
242
24320200601:
244	Due to a mistake in LIBISPRIVATE handling, .so libraries were
245	created in the build directories and need cleaning.
246
24720200311:
248	GCC 8 ports will need cleaning in src/tools/gcc and
249	src/external/gpl3/gcc due to GCC 8.4 update.
250
25120191118:
252	More architectures were switched to gcc8:
253	    i386, ia64 powerpc64, sparc, sparc64, arm
254	The same comments as in 20191022 apply.
255
25620191112:
257	The LLVM update requires a clean rebuild for all architectures using
258	LLVM during the tools build phase (i386, amd64, aarch64).
259
26020191022:
261	Ports amd64 and aarch64 switched to GCC 8.3 by default.
262	In-place ("expert mode", build.sh -E) builds are not supported
263	when going from a GCC 7 userland to GCC 8. Do a regular
264	build to a different DESTDIR (or preferably: build.sh -U) at least
265	once and install sets, or download comp.{tar.xz,tgz} from the
266	daily builds and install that before doing the next in-place build.
267
26820191001:
269	GCC 8.3 was imported.  Builds of src/tools/gcc may fail if
270	old builds with GCC 7 output now uses GCC 8.  Clean this
271	directory, and also clean src/external/gpl3/gcc.
272
27320190903:
274	Files with names that coincide with existing files' names on
275	case-insensitive file systems were inadvertently committed, for
276	radeon GPU firmware.  We cannot mark these as obsolete for
277	postinstall to fix, so if you updated src since 2019-08-26, and
278	ran build.sh distribution or ran build.sh release, you must
279	manually delete the following files in your DESTDIR (which is
280	usually $OBJDIR/destir.$ARCH), or from / if you have installed
281	them:
282
283		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_ce.bin
284		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mc.bin
285		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_me.bin
286		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mec.bin
287		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_pfp.bin
288		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_rlc.bin
289		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_sdma.bin
290		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_smc.bin
291		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_uvd.bin
292		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_ce.bin
293		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_mc.bin
294		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_me.bin
295		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_pfp.bin
296		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_rlc.bin
297		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_smc.bin
298		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_ce.bin
299		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mc.bin
300		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_me.bin
301		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mec.bin
302		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_pfp.bin
303		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_rlc.bin
304		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_sdma.bin
305		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_smc.bin
306		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_ce.bin
307		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_me.bin
308		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_mec.bin
309		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_pfp.bin
310		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_rlc.bin
311		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_sdma.bin
312		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_ce.bin
313		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_me.bin
314		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec.bin
315		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec2.bin
316		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_pfp.bin
317		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_rlc.bin
318		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_sdma.bin
319		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_ce.bin
320		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_me.bin
321		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_mec.bin
322		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_pfp.bin
323		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_rlc.bin
324		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_sdma.bin
325		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_ce.bin
326		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_mc.bin
327		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_me.bin
328		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_pfp.bin
329		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_rlc.bin
330		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_smc.bin
331		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_ce.bin
332		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_mc.bin
333		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_me.bin
334		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_pfp.bin
335		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_rlc.bin
336		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_smc.bin
337		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_ce.bin
338		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_mc.bin
339		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_me.bin
340		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_pfp.bin
341		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_rlc.bin
342		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_smc.bin
343		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_ce.bin
344		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_mc.bin
345		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_me.bin
346		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_pfp.bin
347		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_rlc.bin
348		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_smc.bin
349
350	We will re-import these radeon firmware images another way
351	later.
352
35320190727:
354	The uefi bootloader has gained tftp support and needs a clean
355	build. If you do update builds, manually clean its object
356	directory by something like:
357	cd sys/arch/i386/stand/efiboot && make clean
358
35920190723:
360	The jemalloc allocator in libc is now built without extended
361	debugging (for performance reasons). In update builds make sure
362	to rebuild it completely, by removing all affected object files,
363	including compat builds, something like:
364	cd /usr/obj && find . -type d -name jemalloc|xargs rm -rf
365
36620190207:
367	GCC 7 switched for many ports.  Update builds are likely to fail.
368
369Hints for a more successful build:
370^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
371    Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode":
372	This will automatically build the tools in the
373	   correct order, and it will keep the tools and the
374	   new build products from interfering with the running
375	   system.  This will allow you to ignore most of the
376	   other advice in this file.
377    Build a new kernel first:
378	This makes sure that any new system calls or features
379	   expected by the new userland will be present.  This
380	   helps to avoid critical errors when upgrading.
381    Use object directories:
382	This helps to keep stale object
383	   files from polluting the build if a Makefile "forgets"
384	   about one.  It also makes it easier to clean up after
385	   a build.  It's also necessary if you want to use the
386	   same source tree for multiple machines.
387	   To use object directories with build.sh:
388	    a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options.
389	   To use object directories without using build.sh:
390	    a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir
391	    b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
392	    c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
393	    d) cd /usr/src ; make build
394	   Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create
395	   in obj.$MACHINE directory.
396    Build to a DESTDIR:
397	This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries)
398	   from interfering with the new build.
399	   To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option.
400	   To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR
401	   environment variable before running make build.  It should be
402	   set to the pathname of an initially empty directory.
403	   Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to
404		update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since
405		nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR.
406		(See critical utils, below.)
407    Build often:
408	This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke
409	on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to
410	date functionality.  If you use build.sh, you should not have
411	this problem.
412
413What to do if things don't work:
414^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
415When things don't work there are usually a few things that commonly
416should be done.
417    1)	make includes
418	This should be done automatically by make build.
419    2)  cd share/mk && make install
420	Again, automatically done by make build.
421
422Failsafe rebuild of a small part of the tree:
423^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
424To make sure you rebuild something correctly you want to do
425something like the following:
426    1)  Make sure the includes and .mk files are up to date.
427    2)  Make sure any program used to build the particular
428	utility is up to date.  (yacc, lex, etc...)
429    3)  cd ...path/to/util...
430	make cleandir
431	rm ...all obj directories...
432	make cleandir			# yes, again
433	make obj
434	make depend && make
435
436Failsafe rebuild of the entire tree:
437^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
438If you really want to make sure the source tree is clean and
439ready for a build try the following.  Note that sourcing /etc/mk.conf
440(a make(1) Makefile) in this manner is not right, and will not work
441for anyone who uses any make(1) features in /etc/mk.conf.
442
443---cut here---
444#!/bin/sh
445. /etc/mk.conf
446
447if [ -z $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
448    NETBSDSRCDIR=/usr/src
449fi
450if [ \! -d $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
451    echo Unable to find sources
452    exit 1
453fi
454find $NETBSDSRCDIR -name \*.o -o -name obj.\* -o -name obj -exec rm \{\} \;
455
456if [ -z $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
457    BSDOBJDIR=/usr/obj
458fi
459if [ -d $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
460    rm -rf $BSDOBJDIR
461fi
462
463cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir
464
465---cut here---
466
467Critical utilities:
468^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
469	usr.bin/make
470	usr.bin/yacc
471	usr.bin/lex
472	usr.bin/xlint
473	usr.bin/config
474
475Other problems and possible solutions:
476^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
477Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.
478Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/make:
479	cd usr.bin/make && make && make install
480	Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:
481	cd usr.bin/make && cc -DMAKE_NATIVE *.c -I. -o make \
482	&& install make /usr/bin
483
484Fix:	Make sure .mk files are up to date.
485	cd share/mk && make install
486
487Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.
488Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/config
489
490Symptom:Obsolete intermediate files are used during compilation
491Fix:	Try the following sequence of commands in the directory in question.
492	make cleandir; rm `make print-objdir`; make cleandir; make obj
493	(If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files
494	may remain.  The command tries to clean everything up)
495
496Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible
497	pointer type
498Fix:	Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc
499
500Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype
501Fix:	Build and install usr.bin/mklocale
502
503Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13'
504Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
505
506Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build.
507Fix:	Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.
508
509Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'
510Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
511
512Symptom:Update build fails in src/tools/gcc complaining that a variable
513	(e.g. CPPFLAGS) has changed since the previous run.
514Fix:    Run "nbmake-${ARCH} clean" in src/tools/gcc or do a clean build.
515
516Symptom:cvs [update aborted]: cannot open directory /cvsroot/src/...:
517	No such file or directory.
518Cause:	If a directory is created by mistake, then it is sometimes
519	deleted from the CVS repository using administrative commands
520	that bypass the normal cvs access controls.  If your cvs working tree
521	contains references to a directory that has been deleted on the
522	server in this way, then "cvs update" reports this error.
523Fix:	Recursively delete the affected directory from your working tree
524	and try the update again.
525