UPDATING revision 1.359
1$NetBSD: UPDATING,v 1.359 2024/09/24 14:04:49 martin Exp $
2
3This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent
4changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for
5what to do if something doesn't work.
6
7For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD
8using build.sh, see the BUILDING file.
9
10Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before
11build.sh existed.  Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for
12working around specific problems with build.sh.
13
14Sections are marked with "^^^^^".  After the section on "Recent changes"
15are several sections containing more general information.
16
17See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile.
18
19Recent changes:
20^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
21
2220240923:
23	Update builds will require cleaning the object directories for
24	jemalloc (like: "rm -rf $OBJ/external/bsd/jemalloc*") and the
25	libc dependency files (like: "rm $OBJ/lib/libc/jemalloc.*").
26	On architectures with COMPAT libs, those also have to be cleaned,
27	e.g. on sparc64: "rm -rf $OBJ/compat/sparc64/sparc/external/bsd/jemalloc*"
28	and "rm $OBJ/compat/sparc64/sparc/lib/libc/jemalloc.*".
29
3020240817:
31	Update builds will require cleaning in src/external/historical/nawk/bin
32	in order to remove the awk binary since now there is a subdirectory
33	called awk.
34
3520240812:
36	Update builds will require removing the tools objdir for gdb
37	if building with MKCROSSGDB=yes. All architectures use gdb.old
38	now.
39
4020240630:
41	Update builds will require removing the tools objdir for binutils
42	(as most architectures should use binutils.old now).
43
4420240610:
45	Update builds are likely to require removing the objdir for
46	distrib/<arch>/cdroms - or at least references to libarchive
47	from within there after the recent libarchive update.
48
4920240504:
50	Update builds on x86 require making the `cleandir' target in
51	lib/libm, or deleting the objdir for lib/libm.
52
5320240423:
54	Update builds with x11 may fail after switching to Mesa 21.
55
5620240410:
57	Update builds may require manually deleting
58	$DESTDIR/var/run/named (and, potentially,
59	$DESTDIR/var/run/lwresd) in order to avoid checkflist failure.
60
6120240409:
62	32-bit compatibility libraries were moved into the base32
63	and debug32 sets.  HTML man pages were moved into the manhtml set.
64
6520230828:
66	If:
67        - you updated to current and ran postinstall between 20230826
68	  and 20230828 inclusive, and
69        - you are not using anything outside the base system to
70	  populate /etc/openssl/certs (e.g., manually adding
71	  certificates or using ca-certificates or mozilla-rootcerts or
72	  mozilla-rootcerts-openssl from pkgsrc),
73	delete /etc/openssl/certs and rerun postinstall or just
74	`certctl rehash'.
75
76	Otherwise, certctl(8) will think someone else has left
77	/etc/openssl/certs in the way and will avoid clobbering it on
78	upgrade from older NetBSD.
79
8020230718:
81	build.sh will use mk.conf in the same directory as build.sh instead
82	of /etc/mk.conf, unless MAKECONF is already defined in the environment.
83
8420230714:
85	Import of gcc 10.5 requires a clean build of at least tools/gcc
86	and external/gpl3/gcc* object directories. An update build
87	without cleaning will result in obscure failures in rare corner
88	cases.
89
9020230604:
91	Building native kernels with the installed make(1) instead of
92	the $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-${arch} wrapper will fail if userland
93	has not been updated. Note that this is an unsupported build
94	configuration (but usually works if userland is -current enough).
95
9620230523:
97	ctfmerge was fixed as macOS host tool. This may require a clean tools
98	rebuild to detect the update to tools/compat/configure.
99
10020230515:
101	New openssl build requires removal of the crypto/external/bsd/openssl
102	and tests/crypto/libcrypto subdirectories in the ${OBJDIR} hierarchy.
103	Otherwise test results may be wrong due to wrong "golden" output
104	files being installed.
105
10620230322:
107	Fixes for moved /lib/libisns* mean that builds will complain about
108	./usr/lib/libisns* being missing until src/lib/libisns is forced
109	to (re)install the files, including the symlinks.  The simplest
110	way is to clean this subdir before building.
111
11220230112:
113	New binutils require an updated ld.elf_so. If you are doing
114	(unsupported) in-place self builds (with the -E flag to build.sh),
115	make sure to have installed latest ld.elf_so before you rebuild
116	userland.
117
11820221116:
119	The addition to NetBSD's version of UFS2 of support for extended
120	attributes broke backward compatibility with previous releases
121	of NetBSD, so UFS2 has been restored to being compatible with
122	previous NetBSD releases by disabling extended attributes.
123	(Note that ACLs are implemented as extended attributes, so
124	this changes disables ACLs as well.)
125
126	Support for UFS2 with extended attributes is now available in a new
127	UFS variant called UFS2ea.  If you have created extended attributes
128	in an original UFS2 file system then "fsck -p" will now fail due to
129	the unexpected presence of extended attributes and "fsck -y" will
130	remove all extended attributes.  If you wish to preserve extended
131	attributes rather than delete them, there is a utility to convert
132	a UFS2 file system to UFS2ea and leave extended attributes in place,
133	but this should be used with caution since it will preserve any
134	extended attributes that have been corrupted by the backward
135	incompatibility too.
136
137	If you wish to use a UFS2ea file system as your root file system,
138	then you will need to update your boot loader to a version that
139	supports UFS2ea.
140
141	For more information, see:
142	https://wiki.netbsd.org/features/UFS2ea
143
14420221111:
145	The new libdrm import worsened the conflict issues for the
146	kdump/ktruss ioctl, and i915 now conflicts with base, and has
147	been turned off.  This will cause update build issues like:
148
149		kdump-ioctl.c:12175:143: error: 'DRM_IOCTL_I915_DESTROY_HEAP'
150		   undeclared here (not in a function);
151		   did you mean 'DRM_IOCTL_MODE_DESTROY_DUMB'?
152
153	You'll need to clean usr.bin/ktruss, usr.bin/kdump, and rescue.
154
15520220921:
156	Since the kernel version was bumped to 9.99.100, the bootloader
157	must be updated on x86 or EFI boot platforms in order to load
158	modules from boot.cfg(5) or interactively at the bootloader
159	prompt.
160
161	The kernel can still load modules at runtime, with modload(8)
162	or modules.conf(5), with no bootloader update.  This will not
163	affect release branches because it only applies to patch
164	numbers >=100.
165
166	On x86 (i386 or amd64) with BIOS boot, this requires copying a
167	new /usr/mdec/boot to /boot.  You can build this in the destdir
168	by running `$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
169	sys/arch/i386/stand.
170
171	On platforms with EFI boot (including x86 with EFI boot), this
172	requires copying a new /usr/mdec/boot*.efi to the EFI/BOOT/
173	directory on the EFI system partition.  The boot*.efi file is:
174
175	aarch64	bootaa64.efi
176	amd64	bootx64.efi
177	arm	bootarm.efi	(32-bit arm)
178	i386	bootx32.efi
179
180	You can build this in the destdir by running
181	`$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
182	sys/stand/efiboot/boot*.
183
18420220821:
185	Support for building extsrc/ has been deprecated.
186	EXTSRCSRCDIR and MKEXTSRC have been deprecated.
187
18820220714:
189	Updates to xorg-server and associated drivers may cause builds to
190	fail.  Cleaning both DESTDIR and the xorg build tree may be needed.
191
19220220628:
193	Changes in the build of src/games/robots require a clean build
194	of that program.
195
19620211116:
197	Changes in the xorg build require clean obj dirs for external/mit/xorg
198	(or a full clean/non-update build).
199
20020211112:
201	Device tree sources were updated for evbarm.  Some device nodes
202	(in particular, ld(4) devices on the ROCKPro64) will be renumbered.
203
20420211014:
205	MKPIE default for aarch64 has changed, a clean build is required.
206
20720210917:
208	Changed MNT_ACLS to default to POSIX1e ACLs instead of NFSv4
209	ACLs, to be compatible with FreeBSD. If you are using NFSv4 ACLs
210	and have "acls" in /etc/fstab you'll need to change it to "nfs4acls".
211
21220210711:
213	Updated GMP sources may require cleaning in tools/gmp and/or in
214	external/lgpl3/gmp/lib, particularly if GCC itself does not build.
215
21620210417:
217	GCC 10 was enabled for several platforms.  If builds fail in either
218	tools/gcc or external/gpl3/gcc, first try cleaning those objects and
219	removing the $DESTDIR/usr/include/g++ subdirectory.
220
22120201016:
222	MIPS kernel modules have been disabled until they work.  This will
223	turn up in extra files in the DESTDIR, which should be cleaned.
224
22520200925:
226	GNU MPC and MPFR have been updated.  At least MPFR needs cleaning
227	in both the tools and external dirs.
228
22920200912:
230	GCC 9 has arrived for Arm and x86 platforms, and will be coming
231	for several more, as will binutils 2.34.  Clean as required.
232
23320200907:
234	GCC 9 is coming, and binutils has been updated for MIPS.  This
235	probably requires cleaning the tools/binutils.
236
23720200811:
238	GCC updates may require cleaning the objdir.  This may occur
239	due to GCC 7.5 update, GCC 8.4 move to gcc.old, or the upcoming
240	GCC 9 upgrade.
241
24220200614:
243	blacklist* has been renamed to blocklist*. postinstall(8)
244	should handle the migration.
245
24620200601:
247	Due to a mistake in LIBISPRIVATE handling, .so libraries were
248	created in the build directories and need cleaning.
249
25020200311:
251	GCC 8 ports will need cleaning in src/tools/gcc and
252	src/external/gpl3/gcc due to GCC 8.4 update.
253
25420191118:
255	More architectures were switched to gcc8:
256	    i386, ia64 powerpc64, sparc, sparc64, arm
257	The same comments as in 20191022 apply.
258
25920191112:
260	The LLVM update requires a clean rebuild for all architectures using
261	LLVM during the tools build phase (i386, amd64, aarch64).
262
26320191022:
264	Ports amd64 and aarch64 switched to GCC 8.3 by default.
265	In-place ("expert mode", build.sh -E) builds are not supported
266	when going from a GCC 7 userland to GCC 8. Do a regular
267	build to a different DESTDIR (or preferably: build.sh -U) at least
268	once and install sets, or download comp.{tar.xz,tgz} from the
269	daily builds and install that before doing the next in-place build.
270
27120191001:
272	GCC 8.3 was imported.  Builds of src/tools/gcc may fail if
273	old builds with GCC 7 output now uses GCC 8.  Clean this
274	directory, and also clean src/external/gpl3/gcc.
275
27620190903:
277	Files with names that coincide with existing files' names on
278	case-insensitive file systems were inadvertently committed, for
279	radeon GPU firmware.  We cannot mark these as obsolete for
280	postinstall to fix, so if you updated src since 2019-08-26, and
281	ran build.sh distribution or ran build.sh release, you must
282	manually delete the following files in your DESTDIR (which is
283	usually $OBJDIR/destir.$ARCH), or from / if you have installed
284	them:
285
286		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_ce.bin
287		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mc.bin
288		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_me.bin
289		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mec.bin
290		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_pfp.bin
291		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_rlc.bin
292		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_sdma.bin
293		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_smc.bin
294		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_uvd.bin
295		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_ce.bin
296		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_mc.bin
297		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_me.bin
298		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_pfp.bin
299		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_rlc.bin
300		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_smc.bin
301		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_ce.bin
302		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mc.bin
303		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_me.bin
304		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mec.bin
305		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_pfp.bin
306		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_rlc.bin
307		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_sdma.bin
308		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_smc.bin
309		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_ce.bin
310		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_me.bin
311		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_mec.bin
312		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_pfp.bin
313		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_rlc.bin
314		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_sdma.bin
315		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_ce.bin
316		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_me.bin
317		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec.bin
318		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec2.bin
319		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_pfp.bin
320		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_rlc.bin
321		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_sdma.bin
322		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_ce.bin
323		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_me.bin
324		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_mec.bin
325		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_pfp.bin
326		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_rlc.bin
327		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_sdma.bin
328		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_ce.bin
329		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_mc.bin
330		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_me.bin
331		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_pfp.bin
332		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_rlc.bin
333		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_smc.bin
334		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_ce.bin
335		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_mc.bin
336		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_me.bin
337		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_pfp.bin
338		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_rlc.bin
339		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_smc.bin
340		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_ce.bin
341		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_mc.bin
342		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_me.bin
343		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_pfp.bin
344		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_rlc.bin
345		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_smc.bin
346		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_ce.bin
347		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_mc.bin
348		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_me.bin
349		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_pfp.bin
350		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_rlc.bin
351		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_smc.bin
352
353	We will re-import these radeon firmware images another way
354	later.
355
35620190727:
357	The uefi bootloader has gained tftp support and needs a clean
358	build. If you do update builds, manually clean its object
359	directory by something like:
360	cd sys/arch/i386/stand/efiboot && make clean
361
36220190723:
363	The jemalloc allocator in libc is now built without extended
364	debugging (for performance reasons). In update builds make sure
365	to rebuild it completely, by removing all affected object files,
366	including compat builds, something like:
367	cd /usr/obj && find . -type d -name jemalloc|xargs rm -rf
368
36920190207:
370	GCC 7 switched for many ports.  Update builds are likely to fail.
371
372Hints for a more successful build:
373^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
374    Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode":
375	This will automatically build the tools in the
376	   correct order, and it will keep the tools and the
377	   new build products from interfering with the running
378	   system.  This will allow you to ignore most of the
379	   other advice in this file.
380    Build a new kernel first:
381	This makes sure that any new system calls or features
382	   expected by the new userland will be present.  This
383	   helps to avoid critical errors when upgrading.
384    Use object directories:
385	This helps to keep stale object
386	   files from polluting the build if a Makefile "forgets"
387	   about one.  It also makes it easier to clean up after
388	   a build.  It's also necessary if you want to use the
389	   same source tree for multiple machines.
390	   To use object directories with build.sh:
391	    a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options.
392	   To use object directories without using build.sh:
393	    a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir
394	    b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
395	    c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
396	    d) cd /usr/src ; make build
397	   Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create
398	   in obj.$MACHINE directory.
399    Build to a DESTDIR:
400	This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries)
401	   from interfering with the new build.
402	   To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option.
403	   To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR
404	   environment variable before running make build.  It should be
405	   set to the pathname of an initially empty directory.
406	   Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to
407		update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since
408		nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR.
409		(See critical utils, below.)
410    Build often:
411	This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke
412	on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to
413	date functionality.  If you use build.sh, you should not have
414	this problem.
415
416What to do if things don't work:
417^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
418When things don't work there are usually a few things that commonly
419should be done.
420    1)	make includes
421	This should be done automatically by make build.
422    2)  cd share/mk && make install
423	Again, automatically done by make build.
424
425Failsafe rebuild of a small part of the tree:
426^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
427To make sure you rebuild something correctly you want to do
428something like the following:
429    1)  Make sure the includes and .mk files are up to date.
430    2)  Make sure any program used to build the particular
431	utility is up to date.  (yacc, lex, etc...)
432    3)  cd ...path/to/util...
433	make cleandir
434	rm ...all obj directories...
435	make cleandir			# yes, again
436	make obj
437	make depend && make
438
439Failsafe rebuild of the entire tree:
440^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
441If you really want to make sure the source tree is clean and
442ready for a build try the following.  Note that sourcing /etc/mk.conf
443(a make(1) Makefile) in this manner is not right, and will not work
444for anyone who uses any make(1) features in /etc/mk.conf.
445
446---cut here---
447#!/bin/sh
448. /etc/mk.conf
449
450if [ -z $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
451    NETBSDSRCDIR=/usr/src
452fi
453if [ \! -d $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
454    echo Unable to find sources
455    exit 1
456fi
457find $NETBSDSRCDIR -name \*.o -o -name obj.\* -o -name obj -exec rm \{\} \;
458
459if [ -z $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
460    BSDOBJDIR=/usr/obj
461fi
462if [ -d $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
463    rm -rf $BSDOBJDIR
464fi
465
466cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir
467
468---cut here---
469
470Critical utilities:
471^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
472	usr.bin/make
473	usr.bin/yacc
474	usr.bin/lex
475	usr.bin/xlint
476	usr.bin/config
477
478Other problems and possible solutions:
479^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
480Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.
481Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/make:
482	cd usr.bin/make && make && make install
483	Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:
484	cd usr.bin/make && cc -DMAKE_NATIVE *.c -I. -o make \
485	&& install make /usr/bin
486
487Fix:	Make sure .mk files are up to date.
488	cd share/mk && make install
489
490Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.
491Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/config
492
493Symptom:Obsolete intermediate files are used during compilation
494Fix:	Try the following sequence of commands in the directory in question.
495	make cleandir; rm `make print-objdir`; make cleandir; make obj
496	(If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files
497	may remain.  The command tries to clean everything up)
498
499Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible
500	pointer type
501Fix:	Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc
502
503Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype
504Fix:	Build and install usr.bin/mklocale
505
506Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13'
507Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
508
509Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build.
510Fix:	Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.
511
512Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'
513Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
514
515Symptom:Update build fails in src/tools/gcc complaining that a variable
516	(e.g. CPPFLAGS) has changed since the previous run.
517Fix:    Run "nbmake-${ARCH} clean" in src/tools/gcc or do a clean build.
518
519Symptom:cvs [update aborted]: cannot open directory /cvsroot/src/...:
520	No such file or directory.
521Cause:	If a directory is created by mistake, then it is sometimes
522	deleted from the CVS repository using administrative commands
523	that bypass the normal cvs access controls.  If your cvs working tree
524	contains references to a directory that has been deleted on the
525	server in this way, then "cvs update" reports this error.
526Fix:	Recursively delete the affected directory from your working tree
527	and try the update again.
528