UPDATING revision 1.376 1 $NetBSD: UPDATING,v 1.376 2025/02/06 19:58:50 palle Exp $
2
3 This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent
4 changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for
5 what to do if something doesn't work.
6
7 For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD
8 using build.sh, see the BUILDING file.
9
10 Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before
11 build.sh existed. Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for
12 working around specific problems with build.sh.
13
14 Sections are marked with "^^^^^". After the section on "Recent changes"
15 are several sections containing more general information.
16
17 See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile.
18
19 Recent changes:
20 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
21
22 20250131:
23 The switch to the new jemalloc requires cleaning in libc.
24
25 20241122:
26 Changes to various libraries' build options require cleaning
27 their objdirs in update builds:
28
29 cd external/bsd/file/lib && $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH clean
30 cd external/bsd/libarchive/lib && $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH clean
31 cd external/public-domain/xz/lib && $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH clean
32
33 Also, for architectures with MKCOMPAT, it is necessary to clean
34 the compat objdirs too. The easiest way is:
35
36 rm -rf OBJDIR/compat/*/*/external/bsd/file/lib
37 rm -rf OBJDIR/compat/*/*/external/bsd/libarchive/lib
38 rm -rf OBJDIR/compat/*/*/external/public-domain/xz/lib
39
40 Changes to bsd.lib.mk to improve detecting differences in
41 shared library symbol exports may cause some .actsym files in
42 the objdir to become stale in update builds.
43
44 To work around this, delete all files matching `*.actsym' in
45 the objdir. For example:
46
47 find OBJDIR -name '*.actsym' -type f -print0 | xargs -0 rm
48
49 20241104:
50 Changes around the integration of the zstd compression
51 library may require manual deletion of some object directories
52 if you update from a build from a few days ago:
53 rm -rf DESTDIR/usr/lib/*/libarchive*
54 rm -rf DESTDIR/usr/lib/*/libmagic*
55 rm -rf DESTDIR/usr/lib/*/libzstd*
56 rm -rf DESTDIR/usr/lib/libarchive*
57 rm -rf DESTDIR/usr/lib/libmagic*
58 rm -rf DESTDIR/usr/lib/libzstd*
59 rm -rf OBJDIR/compat/*/*/external/bsd/file/
60 rm -rf OBJDIR/compat/*/*/external/bsd/libarchive/
61 rm -rf OBJDIR/compat/*/*/external/bsd/zstd/
62 rm -rf OBJDIR/external/bsd/file/
63 rm -rf OBJDIR/external/bsd/libarchive/
64 rm -rf OBJDIR/external/bsd/zstd/
65 rm -rf OBJDIR/external/gpl3/gcc/
66 rm -rf OBJDIR/tools/gcc/
67
68 20240926:
69 Building -current when running on amd64 from about 20240924
70 to about 20240926 will not work due to a "malloc_np.h"
71 error. Please downgrade to a version from 20240924 or older,
72 or upgrade to a newer version e.g. using a binary release from
73 the NetBSD build servers.
74
75 20240923:
76 Update builds will require cleaning the object directories for
77 jemalloc (like: "rm -rf $OBJ/external/bsd/jemalloc*") and the
78 libc dependency files (like: "rm $OBJ/lib/libc/jemalloc.*").
79 On architectures with COMPAT libs, those also have to be cleaned,
80 e.g. on sparc64: "rm -rf $OBJ/compat/sparc64/sparc/external/bsd/jemalloc*"
81 and "rm $OBJ/compat/sparc64/sparc/lib/libc/jemalloc.*".
82
83 20240817:
84 Update builds will require cleaning in src/external/historical/nawk/bin
85 in order to remove the awk binary since now there is a subdirectory
86 called awk.
87
88 20240812:
89 Update builds will require removing the tools objdir for gdb
90 if building with MKCROSSGDB=yes. All architectures use gdb.old
91 now.
92
93 20240630:
94 Update builds will require removing the tools objdir for binutils
95 (as most architectures should use binutils.old now).
96
97 20240610:
98 Update builds are likely to require removing the objdir for
99 distrib/<arch>/cdroms - or at least references to libarchive
100 from within there after the recent libarchive update.
101
102 20240504:
103 Update builds on x86 require making the `cleandir' target in
104 lib/libm, or deleting the objdir for lib/libm.
105
106 20240423:
107 Update builds with x11 may fail after switching to Mesa 21.
108
109 20240410:
110 Update builds may require manually deleting
111 $DESTDIR/var/run/named (and, potentially,
112 $DESTDIR/var/run/lwresd) in order to avoid checkflist failure.
113
114 20240409:
115 32-bit compatibility libraries were moved into the base32
116 and debug32 sets. HTML man pages were moved into the manhtml set.
117
118 20230828:
119 If:
120 - you updated to current and ran postinstall between 20230826
121 and 20230828 inclusive, and
122 - you are not using anything outside the base system to
123 populate /etc/openssl/certs (e.g., manually adding
124 certificates or using ca-certificates or mozilla-rootcerts or
125 mozilla-rootcerts-openssl from pkgsrc),
126 delete /etc/openssl/certs and rerun postinstall or just
127 `certctl rehash'.
128
129 Otherwise, certctl(8) will think someone else has left
130 /etc/openssl/certs in the way and will avoid clobbering it on
131 upgrade from older NetBSD.
132
133 20230718:
134 build.sh will use mk.conf in the same directory as build.sh instead
135 of /etc/mk.conf, unless MAKECONF is already defined in the environment.
136
137 20230714:
138 Import of gcc 10.5 requires a clean build of at least tools/gcc
139 and external/gpl3/gcc* object directories. An update build
140 without cleaning will result in obscure failures in rare corner
141 cases.
142
143 20230604:
144 Building native kernels with the installed make(1) instead of
145 the $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-${arch} wrapper will fail if userland
146 has not been updated. Note that this is an unsupported build
147 configuration (but usually works if userland is -current enough).
148
149 20230523:
150 ctfmerge was fixed as macOS host tool. This may require a clean tools
151 rebuild to detect the update to tools/compat/configure.
152
153 20230515:
154 New openssl build requires removal of the crypto/external/bsd/openssl
155 and tests/crypto/libcrypto subdirectories in the ${OBJDIR} hierarchy.
156 Otherwise test results may be wrong due to wrong "golden" output
157 files being installed.
158
159 20230322:
160 Fixes for moved /lib/libisns* mean that builds will complain about
161 ./usr/lib/libisns* being missing until src/lib/libisns is forced
162 to (re)install the files, including the symlinks. The simplest
163 way is to clean this subdir before building.
164
165 20230112:
166 New binutils require an updated ld.elf_so. If you are doing
167 (unsupported) in-place self builds (with the -E flag to build.sh),
168 make sure to have installed latest ld.elf_so before you rebuild
169 userland.
170
171 20221116:
172 The addition to NetBSD's version of UFS2 of support for extended
173 attributes broke backward compatibility with previous releases
174 of NetBSD, so UFS2 has been restored to being compatible with
175 previous NetBSD releases by disabling extended attributes.
176 (Note that ACLs are implemented as extended attributes, so
177 this changes disables ACLs as well.)
178
179 Support for UFS2 with extended attributes is now available in a new
180 UFS variant called UFS2ea. If you have created extended attributes
181 in an original UFS2 file system then "fsck -p" will now fail due to
182 the unexpected presence of extended attributes and "fsck -y" will
183 remove all extended attributes. If you wish to preserve extended
184 attributes rather than delete them, there is a utility to convert
185 a UFS2 file system to UFS2ea and leave extended attributes in place,
186 but this should be used with caution since it will preserve any
187 extended attributes that have been corrupted by the backward
188 incompatibility too.
189
190 If you wish to use a UFS2ea file system as your root file system,
191 then you will need to update your boot loader to a version that
192 supports UFS2ea.
193
194 For more information, see:
195 https://wiki.netbsd.org/features/UFS2ea
196
197 20221111:
198 The new libdrm import worsened the conflict issues for the
199 kdump/ktruss ioctl, and i915 now conflicts with base, and has
200 been turned off. This will cause update build issues like:
201
202 kdump-ioctl.c:12175:143: error: 'DRM_IOCTL_I915_DESTROY_HEAP'
203 undeclared here (not in a function);
204 did you mean 'DRM_IOCTL_MODE_DESTROY_DUMB'?
205
206 You'll need to clean usr.bin/ktruss, usr.bin/kdump, and rescue.
207
208 20220921:
209 Since the kernel version was bumped to 9.99.100, the bootloader
210 must be updated on x86 or EFI boot platforms in order to load
211 modules from boot.cfg(5) or interactively at the bootloader
212 prompt.
213
214 The kernel can still load modules at runtime, with modload(8)
215 or modules.conf(5), with no bootloader update. This will not
216 affect release branches because it only applies to patch
217 numbers >=100.
218
219 On x86 (i386 or amd64) with BIOS boot, this requires copying a
220 new /usr/mdec/boot to /boot. You can build this in the destdir
221 by running `$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
222 sys/arch/i386/stand.
223
224 On platforms with EFI boot (including x86 with EFI boot), this
225 requires copying a new /usr/mdec/boot*.efi to the EFI/BOOT/
226 directory on the EFI system partition. The boot*.efi file is:
227
228 aarch64 bootaa64.efi
229 amd64 bootx64.efi
230 arm bootarm.efi (32-bit arm)
231 i386 bootx32.efi
232
233 You can build this in the destdir by running
234 `$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
235 sys/stand/efiboot/boot*.
236
237 20220821:
238 Support for building extsrc/ has been deprecated.
239 EXTSRCSRCDIR and MKEXTSRC have been deprecated.
240
241 20220714:
242 Updates to xorg-server and associated drivers may cause builds to
243 fail. Cleaning both DESTDIR and the xorg build tree may be needed.
244
245 20220628:
246 Changes in the build of src/games/robots require a clean build
247 of that program.
248
249 20211116:
250 Changes in the xorg build require clean obj dirs for external/mit/xorg
251 (or a full clean/non-update build).
252
253 20211112:
254 Device tree sources were updated for evbarm. Some device nodes
255 (in particular, ld(4) devices on the ROCKPro64) will be renumbered.
256
257 20211014:
258 MKPIE default for aarch64 has changed, a clean build is required.
259
260 20210917:
261 Changed MNT_ACLS to default to POSIX1e ACLs instead of NFSv4
262 ACLs, to be compatible with FreeBSD. If you are using NFSv4 ACLs
263 and have "acls" in /etc/fstab you'll need to change it to "nfs4acls".
264
265 20210711:
266 Updated GMP sources may require cleaning in tools/gmp and/or in
267 external/lgpl3/gmp/lib, particularly if GCC itself does not build.
268
269 20210417:
270 GCC 10 was enabled for several platforms. If builds fail in either
271 tools/gcc or external/gpl3/gcc, first try cleaning those objects and
272 removing the $DESTDIR/usr/include/g++ subdirectory.
273
274 20201016:
275 MIPS kernel modules have been disabled until they work. This will
276 turn up in extra files in the DESTDIR, which should be cleaned.
277
278 20200925:
279 GNU MPC and MPFR have been updated. At least MPFR needs cleaning
280 in both the tools and external dirs.
281
282 20200912:
283 GCC 9 has arrived for Arm and x86 platforms, and will be coming
284 for several more, as will binutils 2.34. Clean as required.
285
286 20200907:
287 GCC 9 is coming, and binutils has been updated for MIPS. This
288 probably requires cleaning the tools/binutils.
289
290 20200811:
291 GCC updates may require cleaning the objdir. This may occur
292 due to GCC 7.5 update, GCC 8.4 move to gcc.old, or the upcoming
293 GCC 9 upgrade.
294
295 20200614:
296 blacklist* has been renamed to blocklist*. postinstall(8)
297 should handle the migration.
298
299 20200601:
300 Due to a mistake in LIBISPRIVATE handling, .so libraries were
301 created in the build directories and need cleaning.
302
303 20200311:
304 GCC 8 ports will need cleaning in src/tools/gcc and
305 src/external/gpl3/gcc due to GCC 8.4 update.
306
307 20191118:
308 More architectures were switched to gcc8:
309 i386, ia64 powerpc64, sparc, sparc64, arm
310 The same comments as in 20191022 apply.
311
312 20191112:
313 The LLVM update requires a clean rebuild for all architectures using
314 LLVM during the tools build phase (i386, amd64, aarch64).
315
316 20191022:
317 Ports amd64 and aarch64 switched to GCC 8.3 by default.
318 In-place ("expert mode", build.sh -E) builds are not supported
319 when going from a GCC 7 userland to GCC 8. Do a regular
320 build to a different DESTDIR (or preferably: build.sh -U) at least
321 once and install sets, or download comp.{tar.xz,tgz} from the
322 daily builds and install that before doing the next in-place build.
323
324 20191001:
325 GCC 8.3 was imported. Builds of src/tools/gcc may fail if
326 old builds with GCC 7 output now uses GCC 8. Clean this
327 directory, and also clean src/external/gpl3/gcc.
328
329 20190903:
330 Files with names that coincide with existing files' names on
331 case-insensitive file systems were inadvertently committed, for
332 radeon GPU firmware. We cannot mark these as obsolete for
333 postinstall to fix, so if you updated src since 2019-08-26, and
334 ran build.sh distribution or ran build.sh release, you must
335 manually delete the following files in your DESTDIR (which is
336 usually $OBJDIR/destir.$ARCH), or from / if you have installed
337 them:
338
339 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_ce.bin
340 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mc.bin
341 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_me.bin
342 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mec.bin
343 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_pfp.bin
344 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_rlc.bin
345 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_sdma.bin
346 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_smc.bin
347 /libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_uvd.bin
348 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_ce.bin
349 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_mc.bin
350 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_me.bin
351 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_pfp.bin
352 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_rlc.bin
353 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_smc.bin
354 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_ce.bin
355 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mc.bin
356 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_me.bin
357 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mec.bin
358 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_pfp.bin
359 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_rlc.bin
360 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_sdma.bin
361 /libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_smc.bin
362 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_ce.bin
363 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_me.bin
364 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_mec.bin
365 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_pfp.bin
366 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_rlc.bin
367 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_sdma.bin
368 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_ce.bin
369 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_me.bin
370 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec.bin
371 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec2.bin
372 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_pfp.bin
373 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_rlc.bin
374 /libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_sdma.bin
375 /libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_ce.bin
376 /libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_me.bin
377 /libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_mec.bin
378 /libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_pfp.bin
379 /libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_rlc.bin
380 /libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_sdma.bin
381 /libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_ce.bin
382 /libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_mc.bin
383 /libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_me.bin
384 /libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_pfp.bin
385 /libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_rlc.bin
386 /libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_smc.bin
387 /libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_ce.bin
388 /libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_mc.bin
389 /libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_me.bin
390 /libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_pfp.bin
391 /libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_rlc.bin
392 /libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_smc.bin
393 /libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_ce.bin
394 /libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_mc.bin
395 /libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_me.bin
396 /libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_pfp.bin
397 /libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_rlc.bin
398 /libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_smc.bin
399 /libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_ce.bin
400 /libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_mc.bin
401 /libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_me.bin
402 /libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_pfp.bin
403 /libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_rlc.bin
404 /libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_smc.bin
405
406 We will re-import these radeon firmware images another way
407 later.
408
409 20190727:
410 The uefi bootloader has gained tftp support and needs a clean
411 build. If you do update builds, manually clean its object
412 directory by something like:
413 cd sys/arch/i386/stand/efiboot && make clean
414
415 20190723:
416 The jemalloc allocator in libc is now built without extended
417 debugging (for performance reasons). In update builds make sure
418 to rebuild it completely, by removing all affected object files,
419 including compat builds, something like:
420 cd /usr/obj && find . -type d -name jemalloc|xargs rm -rf
421
422 20190207:
423 GCC 7 switched for many ports. Update builds are likely to fail.
424
425 Hints for a more successful build:
426 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
427 Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode":
428 This will automatically build the tools in the
429 correct order, and it will keep the tools and the
430 new build products from interfering with the running
431 system. This will allow you to ignore most of the
432 other advice in this file.
433 Build a new kernel first:
434 This makes sure that any new system calls or features
435 expected by the new userland will be present. This
436 helps to avoid critical errors when upgrading.
437 Use object directories:
438 This helps to keep stale object
439 files from polluting the build if a Makefile "forgets"
440 about one. It also makes it easier to clean up after
441 a build. It's also necessary if you want to use the
442 same source tree for multiple machines.
443 To use object directories with build.sh:
444 a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options.
445 To use object directories without using build.sh:
446 a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir
447 b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
448 c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
449 d) cd /usr/src ; make build
450 Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create
451 in obj.$MACHINE directory.
452 Build to a DESTDIR:
453 This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries)
454 from interfering with the new build.
455 To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option.
456 To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR
457 environment variable before running make build. It should be
458 set to the pathname of an initially empty directory.
459 Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to
460 update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since
461 nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR.
462 (See critical utils, below.)
463 Build often:
464 This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke
465 on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to
466 date functionality. If you use build.sh, you should not have
467 this problem.
468
469 What to do if things don't work:
470 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
471 When things don't work there are usually a few things that commonly
472 should be done.
473 1) make includes
474 This should be done automatically by make build.
475 2) cd share/mk && make install
476 Again, automatically done by make build.
477
478 Failsafe rebuild of a small part of the tree:
479 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
480 To make sure you rebuild something correctly you want to do
481 something like the following:
482 1) Make sure the includes and .mk files are up to date.
483 2) Make sure any program used to build the particular
484 utility is up to date. (yacc, lex, etc...)
485 3) cd ...path/to/util...
486 make cleandir
487 rm ...all obj directories...
488 make cleandir # yes, again
489 make obj
490 make depend && make
491
492 Failsafe rebuild of the entire tree:
493 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
494 If you really want to make sure the source tree is clean and
495 ready for a build try the following. Note that sourcing /etc/mk.conf
496 (a make(1) Makefile) in this manner is not right, and will not work
497 for anyone who uses any make(1) features in /etc/mk.conf.
498
499 ---cut here---
500 #!/bin/sh
501 . /etc/mk.conf
502
503 if [ -z $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
504 NETBSDSRCDIR=/usr/src
505 fi
506 if [ \! -d $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
507 echo Unable to find sources
508 exit 1
509 fi
510 find $NETBSDSRCDIR -name \*.o -o -name obj.\* -o -name obj -exec rm \{\} \;
511
512 if [ -z $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
513 BSDOBJDIR=/usr/obj
514 fi
515 if [ -d $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
516 rm -rf $BSDOBJDIR
517 fi
518
519 cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir
520
521 ---cut here---
522
523 Critical utilities:
524 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
525 usr.bin/make
526 usr.bin/yacc
527 usr.bin/lex
528 usr.bin/xlint
529 usr.bin/config
530
531 Other problems and possible solutions:
532 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
533 Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.
534 Fix: Rebuild usr.bin/make:
535 cd usr.bin/make && make && make install
536 Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:
537 cd usr.bin/make && cc -DMAKE_NATIVE *.c -I. -o make \
538 && install make /usr/bin
539
540 Fix: Make sure .mk files are up to date.
541 cd share/mk && make install
542
543 Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.
544 Fix: Rebuild usr.bin/config
545
546 Symptom:Obsolete intermediate files are used during compilation
547 Fix: Try the following sequence of commands in the directory in question.
548 make cleandir; rm `make print-objdir`; make cleandir; make obj
549 (If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files
550 may remain. The command tries to clean everything up)
551
552 Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible
553 pointer type
554 Fix: Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc
555
556 Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype
557 Fix: Build and install usr.bin/mklocale
558
559 Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13'
560 Fix: Rebuild and install lib/libc
561
562 Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build.
563 Fix: Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.
564
565 Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'
566 Fix: Rebuild and install lib/libc
567
568 Symptom:Update build fails in src/tools/gcc complaining that a variable
569 (e.g. CPPFLAGS) has changed since the previous run.
570 Fix: Run "nbmake-${ARCH} clean" in src/tools/gcc or do a clean build.
571
572 Symptom:cvs [update aborted]: cannot open directory /cvsroot/src/...:
573 No such file or directory.
574 Cause: If a directory is created by mistake, then it is sometimes
575 deleted from the CVS repository using administrative commands
576 that bypass the normal cvs access controls. If your cvs working tree
577 contains references to a directory that has been deleted on the
578 server in this way, then "cvs update" reports this error.
579 Fix: Recursively delete the affected directory from your working tree
580 and try the update again.
581