ps.c revision 1.37
1 /* $NetBSD: ps.c,v 1.37 2000/04/29 00:18:48 abs Exp $ */ 2 3 /*- 4 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 16 * must display the following acknowledgement: 17 * This product includes software developed by the University of 18 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 19 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 20 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 21 * without specific prior written permission. 22 * 23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33 * SUCH DAMAGE. 34 */ 35 36 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 37 #ifndef lint 38 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994\n\ 39 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"); 40 #endif /* not lint */ 41 42 #ifndef lint 43 #if 0 44 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94"; 45 #else 46 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ps.c,v 1.37 2000/04/29 00:18:48 abs Exp $"); 47 #endif 48 #endif /* not lint */ 49 50 #include <sys/param.h> 51 #include <sys/user.h> 52 #include <sys/time.h> 53 #include <sys/resource.h> 54 #include <sys/proc.h> 55 #include <sys/stat.h> 56 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 57 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 58 59 #include <ctype.h> 60 #include <err.h> 61 #include <errno.h> 62 #include <fcntl.h> 63 #include <kvm.h> 64 #include <limits.h> 65 #include <nlist.h> 66 #include <paths.h> 67 #include <pwd.h> 68 #include <stdio.h> 69 #include <stdlib.h> 70 #include <string.h> 71 #include <unistd.h> 72 73 #include "ps.h" 74 75 #ifdef P_PPWAIT 76 #define NEWVM 77 #endif 78 79 KINFO *kinfo; 80 struct varent *vhead, *vtail; 81 82 int eval; /* exit value */ 83 int rawcpu; /* -C */ 84 int sumrusage; /* -S */ 85 int dontuseprocfs=0; /* -K */ 86 int termwidth; /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */ 87 int totwidth; /* calculated width of requested variables */ 88 89 int needuser, needcomm, needenv, commandonly, use_procfs; 90 uid_t myuid; 91 92 enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT; 93 94 static KINFO *getkinfo_kvm __P((kvm_t *, int, int, int *, int)); 95 static char *kludge_oldps_options __P((char *)); 96 static int pscomp __P((const void *, const void *)); 97 static void saveuser __P((KINFO *)); 98 static void scanvars __P((void)); 99 static void usage __P((void)); 100 int main __P((int, char *[])); 101 102 char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command"; 103 char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid sess jobc state tt time command"; 104 char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command"; 105 char o1[] = "pid"; 106 char o2[] = "tt state time command"; 107 char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command"; 108 char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command"; 109 110 kvm_t *kd; 111 112 int 113 main(argc, argv) 114 int argc; 115 char *argv[]; 116 { 117 struct varent *vent; 118 struct winsize ws; 119 gid_t egid = getegid(); 120 int ch, flag, i, fmt, lineno, nentries; 121 int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg; 122 char *nlistf, *memf, *swapf, errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX]; 123 char *ttname; 124 125 (void)setegid(getgid()); 126 if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 || 127 ws.ws_col == 0) 128 termwidth = 79; 129 else 130 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1; 131 132 if (argc > 1) 133 argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]); 134 135 fmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = 0; 136 what = KERN_PROC_UID; 137 flag = myuid = getuid(); 138 memf = nlistf = swapf = NULL; 139 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, 140 "acCeghjKLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvW:wx")) != -1) 141 switch((char)ch) { 142 case 'a': 143 what = KERN_PROC_ALL; 144 flag = 0; 145 break; 146 case 'c': 147 commandonly = 1; 148 break; 149 case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */ 150 needenv = 1; 151 break; 152 case 'C': 153 rawcpu = 1; 154 break; 155 case 'g': 156 break; /* no-op */ 157 case 'h': 158 prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22; 159 break; 160 case 'j': 161 parsefmt(jfmt); 162 fmt = 1; 163 jfmt[0] = '\0'; 164 break; 165 case 'K': 166 dontuseprocfs=1; 167 break; 168 case 'L': 169 showkey(); 170 exit(0); 171 /* NOTREACHED */ 172 case 'l': 173 parsefmt(lfmt); 174 fmt = 1; 175 lfmt[0] = '\0'; 176 break; 177 case 'M': 178 memf = optarg; 179 dontuseprocfs = 1; 180 break; 181 case 'm': 182 sortby = SORTMEM; 183 break; 184 case 'N': 185 nlistf = optarg; 186 break; 187 case 'O': 188 parsefmt(o1); 189 parsefmt(optarg); 190 parsefmt(o2); 191 o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0'; 192 fmt = 1; 193 break; 194 case 'o': 195 parsefmt(optarg); 196 fmt = 1; 197 break; 198 case 'p': 199 what = KERN_PROC_PID; 200 flag = atol(optarg); 201 xflg = 1; 202 break; 203 case 'r': 204 sortby = SORTCPU; 205 break; 206 case 'S': 207 sumrusage = 1; 208 break; 209 case 'T': 210 if ((ttname = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL) 211 errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal"); 212 goto tty; 213 case 't': 214 ttname = optarg; 215 tty: { 216 struct stat sb; 217 char *ttypath, pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN]; 218 219 flag = 0; 220 if (strcmp(ttname, "?") == 0) 221 flag = KERN_PROC_TTY_NODEV; 222 else if (strcmp(ttname, "-") == 0) 223 flag = KERN_PROC_TTY_REVOKE; 224 else if (strcmp(ttname, "co") == 0) 225 ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE; 226 else if (*ttname != '/') 227 (void)snprintf(ttypath = pathbuf, 228 sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, ttname); 229 else 230 ttypath = ttname; 231 what = KERN_PROC_TTY; 232 if (flag == 0) { 233 if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1) 234 err(1, "%s", ttypath); 235 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 236 errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath); 237 flag = sb.st_rdev; 238 } 239 break; 240 } 241 case 'U': 242 if (*optarg != '\0') { 243 struct passwd *pw; 244 char *ep; 245 246 what = KERN_PROC_UID; 247 pw = getpwnam(optarg); 248 if (pw == NULL) { 249 errno = 0; 250 flag = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 10); 251 if (errno) 252 err(1, "%s", optarg); 253 if (*ep != '\0') 254 errx(1, "%s: illegal user name", 255 optarg); 256 } else 257 flag = pw->pw_uid; 258 } 259 break; 260 case 'u': 261 parsefmt(ufmt); 262 sortby = SORTCPU; 263 fmt = 1; 264 ufmt[0] = '\0'; 265 break; 266 case 'v': 267 parsefmt(vfmt); 268 sortby = SORTMEM; 269 fmt = 1; 270 vfmt[0] = '\0'; 271 break; 272 case 'W': 273 swapf = optarg; 274 break; 275 case 'w': 276 if (wflag) 277 termwidth = UNLIMITED; 278 else if (termwidth < 131) 279 termwidth = 131; 280 wflag++; 281 break; 282 case 'x': 283 xflg = 1; 284 break; 285 case '?': 286 default: 287 usage(); 288 } 289 argc -= optind; 290 argv += optind; 291 292 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 293 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 294 if (*argv) { 295 nlistf = *argv; 296 if (*++argv) { 297 memf = *argv; 298 if (*++argv) 299 swapf = *argv; 300 } 301 } 302 #endif 303 /* 304 * Discard setgid privileges. If not the running kernel, we toss 305 * them away totally so that bad guys can't print interesting stuff 306 * from kernel memory, otherwise switch back to kmem for the 307 * duration of the kvm_openfiles() call. 308 */ 309 if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL || swapf != NULL) 310 (void)setgid(getgid()); 311 else 312 (void)setegid(egid); 313 314 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, swapf, O_RDONLY, errbuf); 315 if (kd == 0) { 316 if (dontuseprocfs) 317 errx(1, "%s", errbuf); 318 else { 319 warnx("kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf); 320 fprintf(stderr, "ps: falling back to /proc-based lookup\n"); 321 } 322 } 323 324 if (nlistf == NULL && memf == NULL && swapf == NULL) 325 (void)setgid(getgid()); 326 327 if (!fmt) 328 parsefmt(dfmt); 329 330 /* 331 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed, 332 * and adjusting header widths as appropiate. 333 */ 334 scanvars(); 335 336 /* 337 * select procs 338 */ 339 if (!kd || !(kinfo = getkinfo_kvm(kd, what, flag, &nentries, needuser))) 340 { 341 /* If/when the /proc-based code is ripped out 342 * again, make sure all references to the -K 343 * option are also pulled (getopt(), usage(), 344 * man page). See the man page comments about 345 * this for more details. */ 346 /* sysctl() ought to provide some sort of 347 * always-working-but-minimal-functionality 348 * method of providing at least some of the 349 * process information. Unfortunately, such a 350 * change will require too much work to be put 351 * into 1.4. For now, enable this experimental 352 * /proc-based support instead (if /proc is 353 * mounted) to grab as much information as we can. 354 * The guts of emulating kvm_getprocs() is in 355 * the file procfs_ops.c. */ 356 if (kd) 357 warnx("%s.", kvm_geterr(kd)); 358 if (dontuseprocfs) { 359 exit(1); 360 } 361 /* procfs_getprocs supports all but the 362 * KERN_PROC_RUID flag. */ 363 kinfo = getkinfo_procfs(what, flag, &nentries); 364 if (kinfo == 0) { 365 errx(1, "fallback /proc-based lookup also failed. %s", 366 "Giving up..."); 367 } 368 fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", 369 "Warning: /proc does not provide ", 370 "valid data for all fields.\n"); 371 use_procfs = 1; 372 } 373 374 /* 375 * print header 376 */ 377 printheader(); 378 if (nentries == 0) 379 exit(0); 380 /* 381 * sort proc list 382 */ 383 qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp); 384 /* 385 * for each proc, call each variable output function. 386 */ 387 for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) { 388 KINFO *ki = &kinfo[i]; 389 390 if (xflg == 0 && (KI_EPROC(ki)->e_tdev == NODEV || 391 (KI_PROC(ki)->p_flag & P_CONTROLT ) == 0)) 392 continue; 393 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 394 (vent->var->oproc)(ki, vent); 395 if (vent->next != NULL) 396 (void)putchar(' '); 397 } 398 (void)putchar('\n'); 399 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) { 400 (void)putchar('\n'); 401 printheader(); 402 lineno = 0; 403 } 404 } 405 exit(eval); 406 /* NOTREACHED */ 407 } 408 409 static KINFO * 410 getkinfo_kvm(kd, what, flag, nentriesp, needuser) 411 kvm_t *kd; 412 int what, flag, *nentriesp, needuser; 413 { 414 struct kinfo_proc *kp; 415 KINFO *kinfo=NULL; 416 size_t i; 417 418 if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, nentriesp)) != 0) 419 { 420 if ((kinfo = malloc((*nentriesp) * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL) 421 err(1, NULL); 422 for (i = (*nentriesp); i-- > 0; kp++) { 423 kinfo[i].ki_p = kp; 424 if (needuser) 425 saveuser(&kinfo[i]); 426 } 427 } 428 429 return (kinfo); 430 } 431 432 static void 433 scanvars() 434 { 435 struct varent *vent; 436 VAR *v; 437 int i; 438 439 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 440 v = vent->var; 441 i = strlen(v->header); 442 if (v->width < i) 443 v->width = i; 444 totwidth += v->width + 1; /* +1 for space */ 445 if (v->flag & USER) 446 needuser = 1; 447 if (v->flag & COMM) 448 needcomm = 1; 449 } 450 totwidth--; 451 } 452 453 static void 454 saveuser(ki) 455 KINFO *ki; 456 { 457 struct pstats pstats; 458 struct usave *usp; 459 460 usp = &ki->ki_u; 461 if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)&KI_PROC(ki)->p_addr->u_stats, 462 (char *)&pstats, sizeof(pstats)) == sizeof(pstats)) { 463 /* 464 * The u-area might be swapped out, and we can't get 465 * at it because we have a crashdump and no swap. 466 * If it's here fill in these fields, otherwise, just 467 * leave them 0. 468 */ 469 usp->u_start = pstats.p_start; 470 usp->u_ru = pstats.p_ru; 471 usp->u_cru = pstats.p_cru; 472 usp->u_valid = 1; 473 } else 474 usp->u_valid = 0; 475 } 476 477 static int 478 pscomp(a, b) 479 const void *a, *b; 480 { 481 int i; 482 #ifdef NEWVM 483 #define VSIZE(k) (KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_dsize + KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_ssize + \ 484 KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_tsize) 485 #else 486 #define VSIZE(k) ((k)->ki_p->p_dsize + (k)->ki_p->p_ssize + (k)->ki_e->e_xsize) 487 #endif 488 489 if (sortby == SORTCPU) 490 return (getpcpu((KINFO *)b) - getpcpu((KINFO *)a)); 491 if (sortby == SORTMEM) 492 return (VSIZE((KINFO *)b) - VSIZE((KINFO *)a)); 493 i = KI_EPROC((KINFO *)a)->e_tdev - KI_EPROC((KINFO *)b)->e_tdev; 494 if (i == 0) 495 i = KI_PROC((KINFO *)a)->p_pid - KI_PROC((KINFO *)b)->p_pid; 496 return (i); 497 } 498 499 /* 500 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness 501 * here than taint the main code. 502 * 503 * ps foo -> ps -foo 504 * ps 34 -> ps -p34 505 * 506 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the user's 507 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same 508 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument. 509 */ 510 static char * 511 kludge_oldps_options(s) 512 char *s; 513 { 514 size_t len; 515 char *newopts, *ns, *cp; 516 517 len = strlen(s); 518 if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 3)) == NULL) 519 err(1, NULL); 520 /* 521 * options begin with '-' 522 */ 523 if (*s != '-') 524 *ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */ 525 /* 526 * gaze to end of argv[1] 527 */ 528 cp = s + len - 1; 529 /* 530 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context 531 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' -- 532 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)). 533 */ 534 if (*cp == 't' && *s != '-') 535 *cp = 'T'; 536 else { 537 /* 538 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a 539 * pid. 540 */ 541 while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp)) 542 --cp; 543 } 544 cp++; 545 memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s)); /* copy up to trailing number */ 546 ns += cp - s; 547 /* 548 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or 549 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag. 550 */ 551 if (isdigit(*cp) && 552 (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 'U' && cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p' && 553 (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't')))) 554 *ns++ = 'p'; 555 /* and append the number */ 556 (void)strcpy(ns, cp); /* XXX strcpy is safe */ 557 558 return (newopts); 559 } 560 561 static void 562 usage() 563 { 564 565 (void)fprintf(stderr, 566 "usage:\t%s\n\t %s\n\t%s\n", 567 "ps [-aChjKlmrSTuvwx] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty]", 568 "[-M core] [-N system] [-W swap] [-U username]", 569 "ps [-L]"); 570 exit(1); 571 /* NOTREACHED */ 572 } 573
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