install revision 1.18
1 $NetBSD: install,v 1.18 1998/05/19 13:45:01 scottr Exp $ 2 3 The installation can be broken down into three basic steps: 4 * Run Mkfs to build a filesystem or filesystems. 5 * Run the Installer to load the files onto your filesystems. 6 * Run the Booter to boot the system. 7 8 **** Preparing the filesystem(s) 9 10 Double-click on the Mkfs application icon to start it up. It will ask you 11 for the SCSI ID of the drive that you are installing upon. Once this is 12 selected, it will present a list of the partitions on that disk. You must 13 first convert the partitions to a type which NetBSD can understand. Select 14 each partition on which you wish to build a filesystem and click on the 15 "Change" button. If you are placing the entire installation on a single 16 partition, select the "NetBSD Root&Usr" radio button. If you are using 17 multiple partitions, select "NetBSD Root" for the root partition and 18 "NetBSD Usr" for all the other partitions. You should select "NetBSD Swap" 19 for the swap partition. 20 21 When you have finished converting each partition, select each partition and 22 click on the "Format" button. You will now be asked for a bunch of 23 parameters for the hard drive and the filesystem. Usually, you can just 24 take the defaults. If you are installing onto removable media (e.g. a Zip, 25 Jaz, or Syquest), please see the FAQ. Note that although this dialog only 26 has the "OK" button, you are not committed, yet. Once you get the values 27 you want, press the "OK" button. A dialog will be presented at this point 28 with two options: "Format" and "Cancel." If you choose "Cancel," nothing 29 will be written to your drive. If you choose "Format," the program will 30 proceed to make a filesystem. 31 32 Mkfs is not a well-behaved Macintosh application. It will not allow any 33 other tasks to run while it does (cooperative multitasking at its best). 34 When it's finished, the program will put up a dialog to ask if you have 35 scanned the output for any error messages. Usually there won't have been 36 any errors, but do scan the output to make sure. Simply click on the "I 37 Read It" button and the program will quit. 38 39 Repeat as necessary for any extra partitions that you wish to make 40 filesystems on. Note that you do _not_ need a filesystem on your swap 41 partition. 42 43 When you are finished, click on the "Done" button and choose "Quit" from 44 the "File" menu to exit Mkfs. 45 46 **** Installing the files 47 48 Before using the Installer, it is probably a good idea to increase its 49 memory allocation. Select the Installer icon by clicking on it and choose 50 "Get Info" from the File menu. Increase both the Minimum and Preferred 51 sizes to as much as you can spare. 52 53 Double-click on the Installer icon to start it up. The Installer will 54 present the same SCSI ID menu that Mkfs did. Select the same SCSI ID that 55 you did for Mkfs--i.e., the one you are installing onto. 56 57 If you are installing onto a single root partition, proceed to the 58 "Installation of base files" section, below. 59 60 If you have not created filesystems for the root, usr, and 61 any other filesystems, go back to "Preparing the filesystem(s)," 62 above. 63 64 When you started the Installer, it mounted your root partition. 65 Just before it printed, "Mounting partition 'A' as /," it printed 66 lines like: 67 sd1 at scsi ID 5. 68 This means that the device for scsi ID 5 is sd1. The partitions 69 are signified by a trailing letter. For instance, sd1a would be 70 the root partition of the second scsi disk in the chain, and sd0g 71 would be the first Usr partition on the first scsi disk. 72 73 You will need to know the proper device to mount the remaining 74 partition(s) by hand: 75 76 * Select "Build Devices" from the "File" menu. 77 78 * Select "Mini Shell" from the "File" menu. 79 80 * You can use the 'disklabel' command to get a listing of 81 the available partitions and their types and sizes. 82 83 * Create the directory mount point(s) with the command: 84 mkdir path 85 (e.g. for the /usr partition type: mkdir /usr) 86 87 * Mount the filesystems you wish with the command: 88 mount device path 89 For example, if you wish to mount a usr partition from 90 the first scsi disk, sd0, on /usr, you would type: 91 mount /dev/sd0g /usr 92 93 * Type "fstab force" to create a proper /etc/fstab file 94 95 * Type "quit" after you have mounted all the filesystems. 96 97 Installation of base files: 98 99 Select the "Install" menu item from the "File" menu and install 100 base.tgz, etc.tgz, netbsd.tgz, and any other sets you wish to 101 install at this time (see the contents section for information 102 about what's in each set). The Installer will print out the 103 filename of each file as it is installed, and will take quite some 104 time to install everything (the base package alone can take over an 105 hour on a slow hard drive). 106 107 As is the case with Mkfs, this is not a particularly well-behaved 108 Macintosh application and the machine will be completely tied up 109 while the installation takes place. 110 111 At some point after installing the base set, select the "Build 112 Devices" option from the "File" menu if you have not already done 113 so. This will create a bunch of device nodes for you and will 114 create your initial /etc/fstab. The Installer program also has an 115 option to give you a mini-shell. Do not use this unless you are 116 sure know what you are doing. 117 118 When you are finished installing all of the sets you wish to 119 install, exit the Installer by choosing "Quit" from the "File" menu. 120 121 **** Booting the system 122 123 Prior to attempting to boot NetBSD/mac68k, please verify that all of 124 the following are true: 125 126 1) 32-bit addressing is enabled[*] in the Memory control panel; 127 128 2) All forms of virtual memory are disabled (the Memory control 129 panel, RAM Doubler, or other software-based memory enhancement 130 products); and 131 132 3) Your system is in B&W mode (1-bit color or grayscale) as shown 133 by the Monitors control panel. You may choose to have the 134 Booter do this for you automatically by selecting the appropriate 135 check box and radio button in the "Monitors" dialog on the 136 "Options" menu. 137 138 It is probably best to boot your machine with all extensions turned 139 off[*]. You can do this by booting into MacOS with the SHIFT key held 140 down. You may have to restart your Macintosh for changes to take effect 141 before proceeding. 142 143 [* NOTE: If you have an older II-class system (including the II, IIx, IIcx, 144 and SE/30), it is necessary to install Connectix's MODE32 to work around 145 ROM issues which prevent you from enabling 32-bit addressing. Please see 146 <http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/mac68k/faq/> for more information.] 147 148 Double-click on the NetBSD/mac68k Booter icon to start the application. 149 Select "Booting" from the "Options" menu. Check that all of the items in 150 the resulting dialog look sane--especially the SCSI ID. If not, correct 151 them to your preference (the SCSI ID should be the only thing you need to 152 change). When you are satisfied with your choices, try booting NetBSD by 153 selecting "Boot Now" from the "Options" menu. 154 155 If you wish to save your preferences, choose "Save Options" from the 156 "File" menu before Booting (your preferences will not be saved if you 157 forget to do this). 158 159 If the system does not come up, send mail to port-mac68k (a] netbsd.org 160 describing your software, your hardware, and as complete a description of 161 the problem as you can. 162 163 If the system does come up, congratulations, you have successfully 164 installed NetBSD _VER. When you first boot into NetBSD, it will 165 automatically drop you into single-user mode with the root filesystem 166 mounted read-write. The system will ask you to choose a shell. Simply hit 167 return to get to a prompt. If you are asked for a terminal type, respond 168 with 'vt220' and hit return. At this point, you need to configure at least 169 one file in the /etc directory. Change to the /etc directory and take a 170 look at the /etc/rc.conf file. Modify it to your tastes, making sure that 171 you set "rc_configured=YES" so that your changes will be enabled and a 172 multi-user boot can proceed. If your /usr directory is on a separate 173 partition and you do not know how to use 'ed' or 'ex', you will have to 174 mount your /usr partition to gain access to 'vi'. Do the following: 175 176 mount /usr 177 export TERM=vt220 178 179 You can then edit /etc/rc.conf with 'vi'. When you have finished, type 180 'exit' at the prompt to leave the single-user shell and continue with the 181 multi-user boot. You should log in as "root" at the login prompt. There 182 is no initial password, but if you're using the machine in a networked 183 environment, you should create yourself an account and protect it and the 184 "root" account with good passwords. Please see the adduser(8) man page for 185 more information on how to add a new user. 186 187 Some of the files in the NetBSD _VER distribution might need to be 188 tailored for your site. In particular, if you have installed the X11 189 distribution sets, you will need to edit the /etc/ld.so.conf file to 190 look something like: 191 192 # add the X shared libraries to the runtime linker search path 193 /usr/X11R6/lib 194 195 Also, don't forget to add /usr/X11R6/bin to your path in your shell's dot 196 file so that you have access to the X binaries. Many other files in /etc 197 will probably need to be modified, as well. Most of these files are 198 described in section 5 of the manual pages. If you are unfamiliar with 199 UN*X-like operating systems or system administration, it's recommended that 200 you buy a book that discusses it. 201
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