mkimage revision 1.87
1#!/bin/sh
2# $NetBSD: mkimage,v 1.87 2024/12/29 09:46:44 jmmv Exp $
3#
4# Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5# All rights reserved.
6#
7# This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8# by Christos Zoulas.
9#
10# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12# are met:
13# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17#    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18# 3. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
19#    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
20#    from this software without specific prior written permission.
21#
22# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
23# ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
24# TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
25# PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
26# BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
27# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
28# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
29# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
30# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
31# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
32# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
33#
34
35#
36# Makes a bootable image for the host architecture given.
37# The host specific functions are pulled in from a /bin/sh script in the
38# "conf" directory, and is expected to provide the following shell
39# functions, which are called in the following order:
40#
41#  - make_fstab: Creates the host's /etc/fstab with / on ${rootdev}.
42#    If -m is given, a number of directories are put on a tmpfs RAM disk
43#  - customize: After unpacking the sets, this gets the system to
44#    a working state, e. g. by setting up /etc/rc.conf and /dev
45#  - populate: Add common goods like kernel and bootloader
46#  - make_label: Prints disklabel to stdout
47#
48
49set -e
50
51DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
52PROG="$(basename "$0")"
53
54MAKE=${TOOL_MAKE:-make}
55DISKLABEL=${TOOL_DISKLABEL:-disklabel}
56FDISK=${TOOL_FDISK:-fdisk}
57GPT=${TOOL_GPT:-gpt}
58MAKEFS=${TOOL_MAKEFS:-makefs}
59MTREE=${TOOL_MTREE:-mtree}
60INSTALLBOOT=${TOOL_INSTALLBOOT:-installboot}
61MKUBOOTIMAGE=${TOOL_MKUBOOTIMAGE:-mkubootimage}
62GZIP_CMD=${TOOL_GZIP:-gzip} # ${GZIP} is special to gzip(1)
63
64postfix=false
65[ "${MKPOSTFIX:-yes}" = no ] || postfix=true
66
67src="/usr/src"
68sets="base comp etc games gpufw man manhtml misc modules rescue tests text"
69xsets="xbase xcomp xetc xfont xserver"
70minfree="10%"
71bar="==="
72
73tmp="$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/$PROG.XXXXXX")"
74mnt="${tmp}/mnt"
75mkdir -p "${mnt}/etc" "${mnt}/dev"
76
77trap "cleanup" 0 1 2 3 15
78
79cleanup() {
80	case "$tmp" in
81	"${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/$PROG."*)	rm -fr "$tmp";;
82	esac
83}
84
85fail() {
86	IFS=' '
87	echo >&2 "${PROG}: $*"
88	exit 1
89}
90
91getsize() {
92	set -- $(ls -l $1)
93	echo $5
94}
95
96getsectors() {
97	case "$1" in
98	*g)
99		m=1073741824
100		v=${1%g}
101		;;
102	*m)
103		m=1048576
104		v=${1%m}
105		;;
106	*k)
107		m=1024
108		v=${1%k}
109		;;
110	*[0-9b])
111		m=1
112		v=${1%b}
113		;;
114	esac
115	echo $((m * v / 512))
116}
117
118minwrites_fstab_entries() {
119	$minwrites || return 0
120	cat << EOF
121tmpfs		/var/log		tmpfs	rw,union,-s32M
122tmpfs		/var/run		tmpfs	rw,union,-s1M
123tmpfs		/var/mail		tmpfs	rw,union,-s10M
124tmpfs		/var/chroot		tmpfs	rw,union,-s10M
125EOF
126	if $postfix; then
127	cat << EOF
128tmpfs		/var/spool/postfix	tmpfs	rw,union,-s20M
129tmpfs		/var/db/postfix		tmpfs	rw,union,-s1M
130EOF
131	fi
132}
133
134make_fstab_gpt() {
135	local boot=$1
136	local rootopts=
137	if $minwrites; then
138		rootopts=,log,nodevmtime
139	fi
140
141	cat > ${mnt}/etc/fstab << EOF
142# NetBSD /etc/fstab
143# See /usr/share/examples/fstab/ for more examples.
144NAME=${gpt_label_ffs:-netbsd-root}	/		ffs	rw,noatime${rootopts}	1 1
145NAME=${gpt_label_boot:-$boot}		/boot		msdos	rw	1 1
146ptyfs		/dev/pts	ptyfs	rw
147procfs		/proc		procfs	rw
148tmpfs		/var/shm	tmpfs	rw,-m1777,-sram%25
149EOF
150	minwrites_fstab_entries >> ${mnt}/etc/fstab
151}
152
153# From Richard Neswold's:
154# http://rich-tbp.blogspot.com/2013/03/netbsd-on-rpi-minimizing-disk-writes.html
155# Also for the postfix stuff below
156make_fstab_normal() {
157	local rootopts=
158	if $minwrites; then
159		rootopts=,nodevmtime
160	fi
161	cat > ${mnt}/etc/fstab << EOF
162# NetBSD /etc/fstab
163# See /usr/share/examples/fstab/ for more examples.
164ROOT.a		/			ffs	rw,log,noatime${rootopts}	1 1
165ROOT.e		/boot			msdos	rw				1 1
166ptyfs		/dev/pts		ptyfs	rw
167procfs		/proc			procfs	rw
168tmpfs		/tmp			tmpfs	rw,-s32M
169tmpfs		/var/shm		tmpfs	rw,-m1777,-sram%25
170EOF
171	minwrites_fstab_entries >> ${mnt}/etc/fstab
172}
173
174make_fstab_default() {
175	if $gpt; then
176		make_fstab_gpt "$@"
177	else
178		make_fstab_normal
179	fi
180	echo "./etc/fstab type=file uname=root gname=wheel mode=0644" \
181	    >> "$tmp/selected_sets"
182
183	# Missing mount points from fstab
184	echo "./proc type=dir uname=root gname=wheel mode=0755" \
185	    >> "$tmp/selected_sets"
186}
187
188usage() {
189	cat << EOF 1>&2
190Usage: $PROG -h <host-arch> [-bdmx] [-B <byte-order>] [-K <kerneldir>] [-S <srcdir>] [-D <destdir>] [-c <custom-files-dir>] [-s <Mb size>] [<image>]
191
192-b	Boot only, no sets loaded
193-r	root device kind (sd, wd, ld)
194-d	Add the debug sets
195-m	Optimize the OS installation to mimimize disk writes for SSDs
196-x	Load the X sets too, not just the base ones
197EOF
198	exit 1
199}
200
201# First pass for options to get the host and src directories
202OPTS="B:D:K:S:bc:dh:mr:s:x"
203while getopts "$OPTS" f
204do
205	case $f in
206	h)	h="$OPTARG";;
207	S)	src="$OPTARG";;
208	*)	;;
209	esac
210done
211
212if [ -z "$h" ]
213then
214	usage
215fi
216
217if [ ! -f "${DIR}/conf/${h}.conf" ]
218then
219	echo $PROG: ${DIR}/conf/${h}.conf is not present 1>&2
220	exit 1
221fi
222
223resize=false
224gpt=false
225gpt_hybrid=false
226
227. "${DIR}/conf/${h}.conf"
228release="/usr/obj/${MACHINE}/release"
229
230selected_sets="$sets"
231dsets_p=false
232xsets_p=false
233minwrites=false
234rootdev=ld
235endian=
236
237OPTIND=1
238while getopts "$OPTS" f
239do
240	case $f in
241	B)	endian="-B $OPTARG";;
242	D)	release="$OPTARG";;
243	K)	kernel="$OPTARG";;
244	S)	;;
245	b)	bootonly=true;;
246	d)	dsets_p=true
247		selected_sets="$selected_sets debug"
248		if $xsets_p; then
249			selected_sets="$selected_sets xdebug"
250		fi
251		;;
252	c)	custom="$OPTARG";;
253	h)	;;
254	m)	minwrites=true;;
255	r)	rootdev="$OPTARG";;
256	s)	size="$OPTARG";;
257	x)	xsets_p=true
258		selected_sets="$selected_sets $xsets"
259		if $dsets_p; then
260		    selected_sets="$selected_sets xdebug"
261		fi
262		;;
263	*)	usage;;
264	esac
265done
266if [ -n "${MKREPRO_TIMESTAMP}" ]; then
267	timestamp_opt="-T ${MKREPRO_TIMESTAMP}"
268	volume_opt=",volume_id=$((${MKREPRO_TIMESTAMP} & 0xffff))"
269fi
270
271shift $(( $OPTIND - 1 ))
272if [ -n "$1" ]; then
273	# take the next argument as being the image name
274	image="$1"
275	shift
276fi
277
278case "$image" in
279*.gz)	compress=true; image="${image%.gz}";;
280*)	compress=false;;
281esac
282
283if [ -z "${bootonly}" ]; then
284	echo ${bar} configuring sets ${bar}
285	(cat "${release}/etc/mtree/NetBSD.dist"
286	for i in $selected_sets; do
287		s="${release}/etc/mtree/set.$i"
288		if [ -f "$s" ]; then
289			cat "$s"
290		fi
291	done) > "$tmp/selected_sets"
292fi
293
294make_fstab
295customize
296populate
297
298if [ ! "${MKDTB}" = "no" ]; then
299	#
300	# Part of the dtb set resides on the FAT partition (/boot/dtb/*), and
301	# the rest on FFS. Split it up here.
302	#
303	echo ${bar} Installing devicetree blobs ${bar}
304	mkdir -p "${mnt}/boot"
305	cp -r "${release}/boot/dtb" "${mnt}/boot/dtb"
306
307	mkdir -p "${mnt}/etc/mtree"
308	cp "${release}/etc/mtree/set.dtb" "${mnt}/etc/mtree/set.dtb"
309	echo "./etc/mtree/set.dtb type=file uname=root gname=wheel mode=0444" >> "$tmp/selected_sets"
310
311	mkdir -p "${mnt}/var/db/obsolete"
312	cp "${release}/var/db/obsolete/dtb" "${mnt}/var/db/obsolete/dtb"
313	echo "./var/db/obsolete/dtb type=file uname=root gname=wheel mode=0644" >>"$tmp/selected_sets"
314fi
315
316if [ -n "${msdosid}" ]; then
317	echo ${bar} Populating msdos filesystem ${bar}
318
319	case $(( ${msdosid} )) in
320	1)	fat_opt=",fat_type=12";;
321	4|6|14)	fat_opt=",fat_type=16";;
322	11|12)	fat_opt=",fat_type=32";;
323	*)	fat_opt=;;
324	esac
325	${MAKEFS} -N ${release}/etc -t msdos \
326	    -o "volume_label=NETBSD${fat_opt}${volume_opt}" ${timestamp_opt} \
327	    -O $((${init} / 2))m -s $((${boot} / 2))m \
328	    ${image} ${mnt}/boot
329fi
330
331if [ -z "${bootonly}" ]; then
332	echo ${bar} Populating ffs filesystem ${bar}
333	${MAKEFS} -rx ${endian} -N ${release}/etc -t ffs \
334	    -O ${ffsoffset} ${timestamp_opt} \
335	    -o d=4096,f=8192,b=65536 -b $((${extra}))m \
336	    -F "$tmp/selected_sets" ${image} "${release}" "${mnt}"
337fi
338
339if [ "${size}" = 0 ]; then
340	size="$(getsize "${image}")"
341	# Round up to a multiple of 4m and add 1m of slop.
342	alignunit=$((4*1024*1024))
343	alignsize=$((alignunit*((size + alignunit - 1)/alignunit)))
344	alignsize=$((alignsize + 1024*1024))
345	if [ "${size}" -lt "${alignsize}" ]; then
346		dd bs=1 count="$((alignsize - size))" if=/dev/zero \
347			>> "${image}" 2> /dev/null
348		size="${alignsize}"
349	fi
350fi
351
352if $gpt; then
353	if $gpt_hybrid; then
354		gpt_flags="-H"
355	fi
356	gpt_flags="${gpt_flags} ${timestamp_opt}"
357	initsecs=$((${init} * 1024))
358	bootsecs=$((${boot} * 1024))
359	ffsstart="$(getsectors ${ffsoffset})"
360
361	echo ${bar} Clearing existing partitions ${bar}
362	${GPT} ${gpt_flags} ${image} destroy || true
363
364	echo ${bar} Creating partitions ${bar}
365	${GPT} ${gpt_flags} ${image} create ${gpt_create_flags}
366	${GPT} ${gpt_flags} ${image} add -b ${initsecs} -s ${bootsecs} -l ${gpt_label_boot:-EFI} -t ${gpt_boot_type:-efi}
367	${GPT} ${gpt_flags} ${image} set -a required -i 1
368	${GPT} ${gpt_flags} ${image} add -a 4m -b ${ffsstart} -l ${gpt_label_ffs:-netbsd-root} -t ffs
369	${GPT} ${gpt_flags} ${image} show
370	if $gpt_hybrid; then
371		echo ${bar} Creating hybrid MBR ${bar}
372		${FDISK} -f -g -u -0 -a -s ${msdosid}/${initsecs}/${bootsecs} -F ${image}
373		${FDISK} -f -g -u -3 -s 238/1/$((${initsecs} - 1)) -F ${image}
374		${FDISK} -F ${image}
375	fi
376else
377	if [ -n "${msdosid}" ]; then
378		echo ${bar} Running fdisk ${bar}
379		initsecs=$((${init} * 1024))
380		bootsecs=$((${boot} * 1024))
381		${FDISK} -f -i ${image}
382		${FDISK} -f -a -u -0 -s ${msdosid}/${initsecs}/${bootsecs} -F ${image}
383		if [ -z "${bootonly}" ]; then
384			ffsstart="$(getsectors ${ffsoffset})"
385			imagesize="$(getsize "${image}")"
386			imagesecs="$(getsectors ${imagesize})"
387			ffssize="$(expr ${imagesecs} - ${ffsstart})"
388			${FDISK} -f -u -1 -s 169/${ffsstart}/${ffssize} -F ${image}
389		fi
390
391		echo ${bar} Adding label ${bar}
392		make_label > ${tmp}/label
393		${DISKLABEL} -m -R -F ${image} ${tmp}/label
394	elif [ -n "${netbsdid}" ]; then
395		echo ${bar} Adding label ${bar}
396		make_label > ${tmp}/label
397		${DISKLABEL} -m -R -F ${image} ${tmp}/label
398
399		echo ${bar} Running fdisk ${bar}
400		${FDISK} -f -i ${image}
401		${FDISK} -f -a -u -0 -s 169/${init} ${image}
402		${INSTALLBOOT} -f -v ${image} ${release}/usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1
403	fi
404fi
405
406if $compress; then
407	echo ${bar} Compressing image ${bar}
408	rm -f "${image}.gz"
409	${GZIP_CMD} -n -9 ${image}
410	image="${image}.gz"
411fi
412
413echo ${bar} Image is ${image} ${bar}
414