HACKS revision 1.106 1 # $NetBSD: HACKS,v 1.106 2008/07/29 14:24:06 lukem Exp $
2 #
3 # This file is intended to document workarounds for currently unsolved
4 # (mostly) compiler bugs.
5 #
6 # Format:
7 # hack title
8 # cdate creation date
9 # mdate mod date
10 # who responsible developer
11 # port ...
12 # affected ports, space separated, if not "all"
13 # file affected file : revision : line from : line to
14 # affected files and revision and line numbers describing hack
15 # multiple lines if necessary.
16 # pr NNNN ...
17 # problem reports this hack works around, if known. Space
18 # separated.
19 # regress src/regress/directory/where/test/found
20 # regression test directories, if available.
21 # descr
22 # insert short informal description (multi-line). (Longer ones
23 # should be in the PR database. More formal descriptions might
24 # be in the regress tree. See above).
25 # kcah
26 # closing bracket.
27 #
28 # this is a comment.
29
30 hack netstat ieee1394 address printing.
31 mdate 14 Nov 2000
32 who matt
33 file lib/libc/net/getnameinfo.c : 1.32 : 497 : 503
34 descr
35 Because the current implementation of IP over IEEE1394, the
36 fw device address contains more than just the IEEE1394 EUI-64.
37 So when printing out IEEE1394 addresses, ignore the extra stuff.
38 kcah
39
40 hack xterm vs. libterm
41 mdate 01 Aug 2000
42 who jdc
43 file xsrc/xc/programs/xterm/main.c : 1.2 : 3609 : 3614
44 pr 10383
45 descr
46 In order to extend the termcap string over 1023 bytes, a ZZ entry was
47 introduced to point to a memory location containing the full entry.
48 Without this hack, xterm will export a termcap containing the ZZ
49 entry, which will then be ignored by libterm. As xterm modifies the
50 exported termcap, this would cause those modifications to be ignored.
51 kcah
52
53 hack wi-at-big-endian-bus
54 cdate 15 Mar 2002
55 who martin
56 file dev/ic/wireg.h
57 descr Add an option to access the underlying bus in big endian byte order
58 to work around deficiencies in bus_space_{read,write}_* macros.
59 Those don't allow the implementation of a proper pcmcia bus space
60 tag.
61 kcah
62
63 hack specific knowledge of colours in curses code
64 cdate Sun Apr 6 11:05:24 BST 2003
65 who jdc
66 file lib/libcurses/color.c : r1.24
67 descr
68 Swap red/blue and yellow/cyan colours for COLOR_OTHER.
69 Fix is to enhance libtermcap to understand terminfo-style % sequences.
70 See also:
71 http://mail-index.NetBSD.org/tech-userlevel/2003/04/06/0000.html
72 kcah
73
74 hack Compensation for differing types of LINUX_USRSTACK and USRSTACK
75 cdate 21 Aug 2003
76 who he
77 file sys/miscfs/procfs/procfs_linux.c : 1.14
78 descr
79 Not all ports have LINUX_USRSTACK and/or USRSTACK defined as
80 literals/constants, but refer to variables of a type which is
81 not "unsigned long", causing compilation of procfs_linux.c to
82 fail with "makes integer from pointer without a cast". This
83 is observed on e.g. the sun3 port. Ideally the "types" for
84 symbols should be consistent across all ports.
85 kcah
86
87 hack gcc-strict-aliasing
88 cdate 6 August 2004
89 who junyoung
90 pr 26516
91 file src/usr.sbin/racoon/racoon/Makefile : 1.21
92 descr
93 GCC issues a warning "dereferencing type-punned pointer will break
94 strict-aliasing rules" when compiling
95 crypto/dist/kame/racoon/crypto/openssl.c with -O[23s]. Note that this
96 is due to use of type casting in a non-standard way in the code and
97 not a compiler bug. Once a new release of KAME with a proper fix
98 applied is imported this should be backed out.
99 kcah
100
101 hack gcc4 wrong uninitialized variable
102 mdate 10 May 2006
103 who mrg
104 file bin/ksh/eval.c : 1.6
105 file bin/sh/histedit.c : 1.39
106 file bin/sh/parser.c : 1.60
107 file crypto/dist/heimdal/kdc/524.c : 1.10
108 file crypto/dist/ssh/sftp.c : 1.20
109 file crypto/dist/ssh/ssh-keysign.c : 1.11
110 file dist/ipf/lib/hostname.c : 1.2
111 file dist/ipf/tools/ipmon.c : 1.8
112 file dist/ntp/ntpd/ntp_request.c : 1.4
113 file dist/ntp/ntpd/refclock_shm.c : 1.4
114 file dist/ntp/sntp/timing.c : 1.3
115 file dist/pppd/pppstats/pppstats.c : 1.3
116 file dist/smbfs/lib/smb/rap.c : 1.6
117 file dist/tcpdump/print-zephyr.c : 1.5
118 file distrib/utils/sysinst/aout2elf.c : 1.12
119 file gnu/libexec/uucp/uucico/uucico.c : 1.6
120 file lib/libc/citrus/citrus_csmapper.c : 1.6
121 file lib/libc/citrus/citrus_pivot_factory.c : 1.5
122 file lib/libc/inet/inet_cidr_ntop.c : 1.3
123 file lib/libc/inet/inet_ntop.c : 1.3
124 file lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c : 1.8
125 file libexec/ld.elf_so/arch/m68k/mdreloc.c : 1.20
126 file libexec/ld.elf_so/arch/powerpc/ppc_reloc.c : 1.40
127 file libexec/ld.elf_so/arch/sh3/mdreloc.c : 1.22
128 file libexec/ld.elf_so/arch/sparc/mdreloc.c : 1.39
129 file libexec/ld.elf_so/arch/sparc64/mdreloc.c : 1.39
130 file libexec/ld.elf_so/arch/vax/mdreloc.c : 1.21
131 file libexec/ld.elf_so/arch/x86_64/mdreloc.c : 1.27
132 file sbin/fsck_ext2fs/dir.c : 1.19
133 file sbin/routed/rtquery/rtquery.c : 1.18
134 file sys/arch/amd64/amd64/pmap.c : 1.26
135 file sys/arch/i386/pci/piixpcib.c : 1.4
136 file sys/arch/m68k/m68k/pmap_motorola.c : 1.4
137 file sys/crypto/cast128/cast128.c : 1.9
138 file sys/ddb/db_command.c : 1.86
139 file sys/dev/cardbus/cardbus_map.c : 1.21
140 file sys/dev/fss.c : 1.25
141 file sys/dev/ic/igsfb.c : 1.39
142 file sys/dev/ic/mb86950.c : 1.5
143 file sys/dev/ic/midway.c : 1.71
144 file sys/dev/kttcp.c : 1.18
145 file sys/dev/rasops/rasops_bitops.h : 1.9
146 file sys/dev/pci/cmpci.c : 1.31
147 file sys/dev/pci/machfb.c : 1.45
148 file sys/dev/usb/ohci.c : 1.174
149 file sys/dev/usb/uhci.c : 1.196
150 file sys/dev/rasops/rasops_bitops.h : 1.9
151 file sys/dist/ipf/netinet/ip_nat.c : 1.10
152 file sys/dist/ipf/netinet/ip_rpcb_pxy.c : 1.8
153 file sys/dist/pf/net/pf.c : 1.22
154 file sys/fs/udf/udf_vnops.c : 1.4
155 file sys/kern/kern_sig.c : 1.219
156 file sys/kern/tty.c : 1.181
157 file sys/net/bpf.c : 1.116
158 file sys/net/zlib.c : 1.26
159 file sys/netccitt/if_x25subr.c : 1.37
160 file sys/netinet/in.c : 1.107
161 file sys/netsmb/smb_smb.c : 1.27
162 file sys/netsmb/smb_trantcp.c : 1.22
163 file sys/nfs/nfs_serv.c : 1.108
164 file sys/nfs/nfs_socket.c : 1.129
165 file sys/nfs/nfs_syscalls.c : 1.91
166 file sys/ufs/lfs/lfs_vfsops.c : 1.207 [also (char *)]
167 file usr.bin/ftp/ftp.c : 1.140
168 file usr.bin/find/function.c : 1.54
169 file usr.bin/mail/tty.c : 1.20
170 file usr.bin/msgc/msg_sys.def : 1.33-1.34
171 file usr.bin/nl/nl.c : 1.7
172 file usr.bin/systat/keyboard.c : 1.23
173 file usr.bin/usbhidctl/usbhid.c : 1.29
174 file usr.bin/vi/cl/cl_read.c : 1.5
175 file usr.bin/vi/ex/ex_cscope.c : 1.12
176 file usr.bin/vi/ex/ex_tag.c : 1.19
177 file usr.bin/vi/vi/v_txt.c : 1.15
178 file usr.sbin/altq/altqstat/qdisc_rio.c : 1.4
179 file usr.sbin/cron/do_command.c : 1.19
180 file usr.sbin/timed/timed/slave.c : 1.15
181 descr
182 GCC 4.1 gets many uninitialised variable warnings wrong. We should
183 really audit all the old hacks like this when older compilers are
184 removed from the tree, as many are probably no longer required.
185 The problem is that it does not recognize initialization via function
186 call pointer. I.e.
187 int p;
188 foo(&p);
189 does not mark p as initialized.
190 kcah
191
192 hack gcc4 pointer sign and strict aliasing problems
193 mdate 10 May 2006
194 who mrg
195 file bin/ed/Makefile : 1.33
196 file distrib/utils/sysinst/Makefile.inc : 1.44
197 file distrib/utils/x_dhclient/Makefile : 1.15
198 file games/bcd/Makefile : 1.5
199 file games/dab/Makefile : 1.5
200 file games/larn/Makefile : 1.17
201 file games/pom/Makefile : 1.5
202 file lib/libasn1/Makefile : 1.26
203 file lib/libcrypt/Makefile : 1.17
204 file lib/libgssapi/Makefile : 1.16
205 file lib/libhdb/Makefile : 1.20
206 file lib/libkadm5clnt/Makefile : 1.21
207 file lib/libkadm5srv/Makefile : 1.25
208 file lib/libkrb5/Makefile : 1.35
209 file lib/libssh/Makefile : 1.6
210 file lib/libtelnet/Makefile : 1.26
211 file libexec/getty/Makefile : 1.14
212 file libexec/kadmind/Makefile : 1.19
213 file libexec/kpasswdd/Makefile : 1.14
214 file sbin/atactl/Makefile : 1.3
215 file sbin/cgdconfig/Makefile : 1.7
216 file sbin/clri/Makefile : 1.13
217 file sbin/dkctl/Makefile : 1.4
218 file sbin/dump/Makefile : 1.33
219 file sbin/fdisk/Makefile : 1.35
220 file sbin/fsck_ext2fs/Makefile : 1.11
221 file sbin/fsck_ffs/Makefile : 1.29
222 file sbin/fsdb/Makefile : 1.18
223 file sbin/mount_smbfs/Makefile : 1.4
224 file sbin/newfs/Makefile : 1.30
225 file sbin/newfs_sysvbfs/Makefile : 1.2
226 file sbin/restore/Makefile : 1.23
227 file sbin/veriexecctl/Makefile : 1.11
228 file sys/lib/libsa/Makefile : 1.59
229 file sys/arch/evbarm/adi_brh/brh_machdep.c : 1.24
230 file usr.bin/awk/Makefile : 1.9
231 file usr.bin/crontab/Makefile : 1.24
232 file usr.bin/ctags/Makefile : 1.8
233 file usr.bin/gzip/Makefile : 1.10
234 file usr.bin/ssh/sftp/Makefile : 1.10
235 file usr.bin/ssh/ssh/Makefile : 1.25
236 file usr.bin/vi/build/Makefile : 1.26
237 file usr.bin/telnet/Makefile : 1.40
238 file usr.bin/tn3270/tn3270/Makefile : 1.36
239 file usr.bin/tr/Makefile : 1.4
240 file usr.sbin/amd/amd/Makefile : 1.27
241 file usr.sbin/amd/amq/Makefile : 1.14
242 file usr.sbin/amd/libamu/Makefile : 1.20
243 file usr.sbin/amd/pawd/Makefile : 1.5
244 file usr.sbin/bind/Makefile.inc : 1.22
245 file usr.sbin/bind/libdns/Makefile : 1.3
246 file usr.sbin/bind/named/Makefile : 1.17
247 file usr.sbin/bootp/bootptest/Makefile : 1.2
248 file usr.sbin/chrtbl/Makefile : 1.6
249 file usr.sbin/cron/Makefile : 1.12
250 file usr.sbin/dhcp/Makefile.inc : 1.20
251 file usr.sbin/dumplfs/Makefile : 1.11
252 file usr.sbin/hprop/Makefile : 1.13
253 file usr.sbin/installboot/Makefile : 1.35
254 file usr.sbin/ipf/ipftest/Makefile : 1.32
255 file usr.sbin/isdn/isdnd/Makefile : 1.6
256 file usr.sbin/isdn/isdnmonitor/Makefile : 1.3
257 file usr.sbin/isdn/isdntel/Makefile : 1.2
258 file usr.sbin/isdn/isdntrace/Makefile : 126
259 file usr.sbin/mopd/common/Makefile : 1.10
260 file usr.sbin/mopd/mopd/Makefile : 1.9
261 file usr.sbin/mopd/mopprobe/Makefile : 1.7
262 file usr.sbin/makefs/Makefile : 1.17
263 file usr.sbin/mscdlabel/Makefile : 1.5
264 file usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/Makefile : 1.7
265 file usr.sbin/pkg_install/create/Makefile : 1.5
266 file usr.sbin/pkg_install/lib/Makefile : 1.28
267 file usr.sbin/ntp/ntpd/Makefile : 1.10/1.11
268 file usr.sbin/ntp/ntptime/Makefile : 1.4/1.5
269 file usr.sbin/pppd/Makefile.inc : 1.3
270 file usr.sbin/pppd/pppd/Makefile : 1.38
271 file usr.sbin/rarpd/Makefile : 1.10
272 file usr.sbin/rbootd/Makefile : 1.10
273 file usr.sbin/rpc.pcnfsd/Makefile : 1.17
274 file usr.sbin/rtadvd/Makefile : 1.9
275 file usr.sbin/tcpdump/Makefile : 1.42
276 file usr.sbin/wiconfig/Makefile : 1.3
277 descr
278 GCC 4.1 warns on pointer sign comparision/assignments and lots of
279 code does not conform. For now we use -Wno-pointer-sign and
280 -fno-strict-aliasing.
281 kcah
282
283 hack cross-building hack on Darwin
284 mdate 20 July 2008
285 who agc
286 file src/distrib/common/Makefile.mdset : 1.33
287 descr
288 Darwin has problems with getopt() when used in mdsetimage -v,
289 due to the difference between BSD and libiberty() getopt
290 implementations, more fully described in
291 http://mail-index.netbsd.org/current-users/2008/06/27/msg003242.html
292 and the subsequent thread. For just now, we just have an ugly
293 workaround not to call mdsetimage with the -v argument on Darwin
294 kcah
295
296 port vax
297
298 hack gcc4/vax ICE
299 cdate
300 who tsutsui
301 file sys/arch/vax/conf/Makefile.vax
302 descr
303 GCC4 on vax gets ICE on compiling sys/ddb/db_command.c.
304 -fno-tree-ter prevents it so add it to COPTS.
305 kcah
306
307 hack gcc4/vax compiler crash
308 cdate Fri Jun 30 22:39:12 PDT 2006
309 who mrg
310 file bin/csh/Makefile : 1.27
311 file lib/i18n_module/UTF7/Makefile : 1.2
312 descr
313 GCC4 on vax crashes. -O0 stops it happening so far...
314 kcah
315
316 hack gcc 2.95/vax doesn't like abort being used as function pointer
317 cdate Tue Dec 13 05:54:50 GMT 2005
318 who jmc
319 file lib/libc/rpc/svc_vc.c 1.15
320 descr
321 Provide a local definition for abort which doesn't include
322 the noreturn attribute which trips up gcc 2.95 on vax.
323 kcah
324
325 hack gcc 2.95/vax doesn't have stdbool.h and gettext needs it
326 cdate Mon May 9 12:16:22 CDT 2005
327 who jmc
328 file gnu/usr.bin/gettext/Makefile.inc.prog 1.5
329 gnu/usr.bin/gettext/libgrep/Makefile 1.3
330 gnu/usr.bin/gettext/libnlspr/Makefile 1.5
331 gnu/usr.bin/gettext/libnlsut/Makefile 1.3
332 descr
333 The latest gettext assumes a C99 environment or at least
334 configure checks to work around this. As we don't use configure
335 provide a stdbool.h for vax builds locally in directories from
336 the template provided by the gettext code.
337 kcah
338
339 hack gcc 2.95/vax cannot handle __builtin_ffs()
340 cdate Fri Aug 23 21:31:15 CEST 2002
341 who ragge
342 file sys/lib/libkern/libkern.h : 1.42
343 descr
344 __builtin_ffs() is ifdef'd away if __vax__. Matt Thomas has
345 added this feature to GCC 3 so it can be removed when switching.
346 kcah
347
348 hack gcc 2.95/vax libbz2
349 mdate 27 Jun 2002
350 who thorpej
351 file lib/libbz2/Makefile
352 descr
353 libbz2 is mis-compiled with optimization with GCC 2.95.3
354 on VAX. -O0 works around this problem.
355 kcah
356
357 hack vax Toolchain bug
358 cdate 28 Mar 2003
359 who he
360 file sys/arch/vax/vax/intvec.S : 1.5
361 descr
362 Workaround for PR toolchain/20924. The assembler apparently
363 tries to range-check byte offsets when it doesn't have
364 sufficient information to make that decision.
365 Workaround uses `brw' instead of `brb' instruction.
366 kcah
367
368 hack vax gcc 2.95.3 -Wuninitialized workarounds
369 cdate 6 Nov 2003
370 who he
371 file sys/dev/bi/if_ni.c : 1.22
372 file sys/arch/vax/vax/ctu.c : 1.20
373 descr
374 Workaround for gcc 2.95.3 failing to detect that certain
375 variables will be initialized; so that this code compiles
376 with -Wuninitialized. Should be reviewed and possibly
377 reverted when gcc 3.3.2 is ready for vax.
378 kcah
379
380 hack vax gcc 2.95.3 structure initialization
381 cdat 13 May 2004
382 who cl
383 file sys/miscfs/kernfs/kernfs_vnops.c : 1.104
384 descr
385 Workaround for gcc 2.95.3 failing to initialize structures
386 and/or unions inside structures using nested designators.
387 Should be reverted when gcc >=3.3.3 is ready for vax.
388 kcah
389
390 hack vax gcc 2.95.3 needs -I. to build nslexer.c
391 cdat 6 Jun 2004
392 who mhitch
393 file lib/libc/arch/vax/Makefile.inc : 1.6
394 descr
395 It appears necessary to add -I. to CPPFLAGS when building
396 nslesxer.c. This may be caused by gcc 2.95.3 being used.
397 Should be reverted when a newer gcc is ready for vax.
398 kcah
399
400 hack vax gcc 2.95.3 doesn't understand "-std=c99"
401 cdat 5 April 2005
402 who tron
403 file src/share/mk/bsd.sys.mk
404 descr
405 We cannot use "-std=c99" for compiler warning level 4 and above
406 because gcc 2.95.3 doesn't support that option.
407 kcah
408
409 hack declare boolean_t in two IPF user-mode programs
410 cdate Tue Mar 7 19:19:20 CET 2006
411 who he
412 file dist/ipf/ipsend/iptests.c : 1.8
413 dist/ipf/ipsend/sock.c : 1.7
414 descr
415 The IPF user-mode programs ipsend and iptest first
416 include <sys/types.h> without _KERNEL defined, and
417 later include <sys/file.h> with _KERNEL defined.
418 This causes a build failure when building for vax,
419 since <sys/device.h> ends up being included without
420 bollean_t being defined by <sys/types.h>.
421 Build failure and further details documented in
422 PR#32907.
423 kcah
424
425 hack pcc 0.9.9 large string literals
426 cdat 8 July 2008
427 who gmcgarry
428 file sys/conf/param.c : 1.58
429 descr
430 Workaround for pcc 0.9.9 not handling large string literals
431 which causes kernels with 'options INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE' to
432 fail compilation.
433 There is a proposal on the pcc mailing list to stuff config
434 file in ELF section.
435 kcah
436
437 port arm
438
439 hack gcc-unsigned-compare
440 cdate 09 Mar 2002
441 mdate 18 Mar 2002
442 who bjh21
443 file dist/bind/lib/nameser/ns_parse.c : 1.3
444 file dist/dhcp/minires/ns_parse.c : 1.3
445 file dist/dhcp/omapip/result.c : 1.2
446 file dist/dhcp/server/failover.c : 1.3
447 file gnu/dist/toolchain/bfd/bfd.c : 1.2
448 file gnu/dist/toolchain/bfd/format.c : 1.2
449 file gnu/dist/toolchain/gdb/target.c : 1.2
450 file sys/kern/vfs_subr.c : 1.172
451 descr When checking that a potentially-unsigned enum is >= 0, assign
452 it to an int first. This is necessary to avoid "comparison is
453 always true" warnings with -fshort-enums. Casting to an int
454 really should be enough, but turns out not to be.
455 kcah
456
457
458 port sh3
459
460 hack gcc4-sh3-bz2
461 cdate Sun May 21 03:34:57 UTC 2006
462 mdate Fri May 16 13:13:00 UTC 2008
463 who mrg, tsutsui
464 file lib/libbz2/Makefile : 1.10
465 descr
466 The in-tree GCC 4.1-based compiler generated too-far
467 pc-relative addresses. Hack is to build with
468 -fno-loop-optimize.
469 kcah
470
471
472 port m68000
473
474 hack gcc4-m68000
475 cdate Fri Feb 8 10:29:37 PST 2008
476 mdate Sun May 4 15:37:19 UTC 2008
477 who mrg, tsutsui
478 file rescue/Makefile : 1.21
479 file sbin/dump_lfs/Makefile : 1.9
480 file sbin/fsck_ffs/Makefile : 1.35
481 file sbin/fsdb/Makefile : 1.22
482 file share/mk/sys.mk : 1.96
483 file usr.sbin/ndbootd/Makefile : 1.5
484 descr
485 Several internal compiler errors with gcc -O1
486 around 64bit integer arithmetic.
487 This hack uses -O1 and adds some -fno-tree-foo options
488 to avoid the problem.
489 This might be related with GCC Bugzilla Bug 32424.
490 kcah
491
492
493 port sparc64
494
495 hack disable optimzations for uvm_bio.c on 32 bit kernels
496 cdate Sun Mar 21 14:14:04 MET 2004
497 who martin
498 file sys/arch/sparc64/conf/Makefile.sparc64 : 1.53-1.54
499 file sys/arch/sparc64/conf/files.sparc64 : 1.93
500 descr
501 The sparc compiler miscompiles uvm_bio.c when using
502 any optimization. This results in ubc_release panics.
503 kcah
504
505 port mips
506
507 hack mips-shared-linker-load-address
508 cdate Fri Oct 7 08:33:10 UTC 2005
509 who simonb
510 file src/sys/kern/exec_elf32.c : 1.107
511 descr
512 With COMPAT_16 or previous enabled (which enables
513 ELF_INTERP_NON_RELOCATABLE) a recent ld.elf_so will
514 load and run at address 0. The check to fix this in
515 rev 1.107 only checks the first psection of the ELF
516 executable, which may not be loadable. A more correct
517 fix is to check the first loadable psection instead of
518 just the first psection.
519 kcah
520
521 hack mips-duplicate-ras-end-label
522 cdate Sat Sep 2 23:29:42 2006
523 who martin
524 file src/regress/sys/kern/ras/ras3/Makefile : 1.3
525 descr
526 Add -fno-reorder-blocks to CFLAGS to avoid duplicate
527 labels by duplicated __asm output from RAS_END()
528 macro.
529 kcah
530
531 hack mips-mcount-assembler-warning
532 cdate Tue Jul 29 14:16:52 UTC 2008
533 who lukem
534 file src/lib/libc/gmon/Makefile.inc : 1.8
535 descr
536 Workaround for PR port-mips/39192.
537 common/lib/libc/gmon/mcount.c generates a (fatal)
538 assembler warning on MIPS:
539 Warning: No .cprestore pseudo-op used in PIC code
540 Add COPTS.count.c+=-Wa,--no-warn to avoid -Wa,--fatal-warnings
541 kcah
542
543 port i386
544
545 hack use volatile intermediate variable to enforce rounding
546 cdate Tue Aug 1 22:15:55 MEST 2006
547 who drochner
548 file src/lib/libm/src/lrintf.c : 1.4
549 file src/lib/libm/src/s_rintf.c : 1.8
550 descr
551 gcc-4 does subsequent operations on "float" values within
552 the i387 FPU without rounding the intermediate results
553 kcah
554