xref: /src/external/bsd/mdocml/dist/roff.c

/*	$Vendor-Id: roff.c,v 1.172 2011/10/24 21:41:45 schwarze Exp $ */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps (at) bsd.lv>
 * Copyright (c) 2010, 2011 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze (at) openbsd.org>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHORS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>

#include "mandoc.h"
#include "libroff.h"
#include "libmandoc.h"

/* Maximum number of nested if-else conditionals. */
#define	RSTACK_MAX	128

/* Maximum number of string expansions per line, to break infinite loops. */
#define	EXPAND_LIMIT	1000

enum	rofft {
	ROFF_ad,
	ROFF_am,
	ROFF_ami,
	ROFF_am1,
	ROFF_de,
	ROFF_dei,
	ROFF_de1,
	ROFF_ds,
	ROFF_el,
	ROFF_hy,
	ROFF_ie,
	ROFF_if,
	ROFF_ig,
	ROFF_it,
	ROFF_ne,
	ROFF_nh,
	ROFF_nr,
	ROFF_ns,
	ROFF_ps,
	ROFF_rm,
	ROFF_so,
	ROFF_ta,
	ROFF_tr,
	ROFF_TS,
	ROFF_TE,
	ROFF_T_,
	ROFF_EQ,
	ROFF_EN,
	ROFF_cblock,
	ROFF_ccond,
	ROFF_USERDEF,
	ROFF_MAX
};

enum	roffrule {
	ROFFRULE_DENY,
	ROFFRULE_ALLOW
};

/*
 * A single register entity.  If "set" is zero, the value of the
 * register should be the default one, which is per-register.
 * Registers are assumed to be unsigned ints for now.
 */
struct	reg {
	int		 set; /* whether set or not */
	unsigned int	 u; /* unsigned integer */
};

/*
 * An incredibly-simple string buffer.
 */
struct	roffstr {
	char		*p; /* nil-terminated buffer */
	size_t		 sz; /* saved strlen(p) */
};

/*
 * A key-value roffstr pair as part of a singly-linked list.
 */
struct	roffkv {
	struct roffstr	 key;
	struct roffstr	 val;
	struct roffkv	*next; /* next in list */
};

struct	roff {
	struct mparse	*parse; /* parse point */
	struct roffnode	*last; /* leaf of stack */
	enum roffrule	 rstack[RSTACK_MAX]; /* stack of !`ie' rules */
	int		 rstackpos; /* position in rstack */
	struct reg	 regs[REG__MAX];
	struct roffkv	*strtab; /* user-defined strings & macros */
	struct roffkv	*xmbtab; /* multi-byte trans table (`tr') */
	struct roffstr	*xtab; /* single-byte trans table (`tr') */
	const char	*current_string; /* value of last called user macro */
	struct tbl_node	*first_tbl; /* first table parsed */
	struct tbl_node	*last_tbl; /* last table parsed */
	struct tbl_node	*tbl; /* current table being parsed */
	struct eqn_node	*last_eqn; /* last equation parsed */
	struct eqn_node	*first_eqn; /* first equation parsed */
	struct eqn_node	*eqn; /* current equation being parsed */
	struct roff_nr  *nr[64];	/* numbered register set */
};

struct	roffnode {
	enum rofft	 tok; /* type of node */
	struct roffnode	*parent; /* up one in stack */
	int		 line; /* parse line */
	int		 col; /* parse col */
	char		*name; /* node name, e.g. macro name */
	char		*end; /* end-rules: custom token */
	int		 endspan; /* end-rules: next-line or infty */
	enum roffrule	 rule; /* current evaluation rule */
};

#define	ROFF_ARGS	 struct roff *r, /* parse ctx */ \
			 enum rofft tok, /* tok of macro */ \
		 	 char **bufp, /* input buffer */ \
			 size_t *szp, /* size of input buffer */ \
			 int ln, /* parse line */ \
			 int ppos, /* original pos in buffer */ \
			 int pos, /* current pos in buffer */ \
			 int *offs /* reset offset of buffer data */

typedef	enum rofferr (*roffproc)(ROFF_ARGS);

struct	roffmac {
	const char	*name; /* macro name */
	roffproc	 proc; /* process new macro */
	roffproc	 text; /* process as child text of macro */
	roffproc	 sub; /* process as child of macro */
	int		 flags;
#define	ROFFMAC_STRUCT	(1 << 0) /* always interpret */
	struct roffmac	*next;
};

struct	predef {
	const char	*name; /* predefined input name */
	const char	*str; /* replacement symbol */
};

#define	PREDEF(__name, __str) \
	{ (__name), (__str) },

static	enum rofft	 roffhash_find(const char *, size_t);
static	void		 roffhash_init(void);
static	void		 roffnode_cleanscope(struct roff *);
static	void		 roffnode_pop(struct roff *);
static	void		 roffnode_push(struct roff *, enum rofft,
				const char *, int, int);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_block(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_block_text(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_block_sub(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_cblock(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_ccond(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_cond(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_cond_text(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_cond_sub(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_ds(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum roffrule	 roff_evalcond(const char *, int *);
static	void		 roff_free1(struct roff *);
static	void		 roff_freestr(struct roffkv *);
static	char		*roff_getname(struct roff *, char **, int, int);
static	const char	*roff_getstrn(const struct roff *,
				const char *, size_t);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_line_ignore(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_nr(ROFF_ARGS);
static	void		 roff_openeqn(struct roff *, const char *,
				int, int, const char *);
static	enum rofft	 roff_parse(struct roff *, const char *, int *);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_parsetext(char *);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_res(struct roff *,
				char **, size_t *, int, int);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_rm(ROFF_ARGS);
static	void		 roff_setstr(struct roff *,
				const char *, const char *, int);
static	void		 roff_setstrn(struct roffkv **, const char *,
				size_t, const char *, size_t, int);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_so(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_tr(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_TE(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_TS(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_EQ(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_EN(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_T_(ROFF_ARGS);
static	enum rofferr	 roff_userdef(ROFF_ARGS);

/* See roffhash_find() */

#define	ASCII_HI	 126
#define	ASCII_LO	 33
#define	HASHWIDTH	(ASCII_HI - ASCII_LO + 1)

static	struct roffmac	*hash[HASHWIDTH];

static	struct roffmac	 roffs[ROFF_MAX] = {
	{ "ad", roff_line_ignore, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "am", roff_block, roff_block_text, roff_block_sub, 0, NULL },
	{ "ami", roff_block, roff_block_text, roff_block_sub, 0, NULL },
	{ "am1", roff_block, roff_block_text, roff_block_sub, 0, NULL },
	{ "de", roff_block, roff_block_text, roff_block_sub, 0, NULL },
	{ "dei", roff_block, roff_block_text, roff_block_sub, 0, NULL },
	{ "de1", roff_block, roff_block_text, roff_block_sub, 0, NULL },
	{ "ds", roff_ds, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "el", roff_cond, roff_cond_text, roff_cond_sub, ROFFMAC_STRUCT, NULL },
	{ "hy", roff_line_ignore, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "ie", roff_cond, roff_cond_text, roff_cond_sub, ROFFMAC_STRUCT, NULL },
	{ "if", roff_cond, roff_cond_text, roff_cond_sub, ROFFMAC_STRUCT, NULL },
	{ "ig", roff_block, roff_block_text, roff_block_sub, 0, NULL },
	{ "it", roff_line_ignore, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "ne", roff_line_ignore, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "nh", roff_line_ignore, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "nr", roff_nr, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "ns", roff_line_ignore, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "ps", roff_line_ignore, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "rm", roff_rm, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "so", roff_so, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "ta", roff_line_ignore, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "tr", roff_tr, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "TS", roff_TS, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "TE", roff_TE, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "T&", roff_T_, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "EQ", roff_EQ, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "EN", roff_EN, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ ".", roff_cblock, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ "\\}", roff_ccond, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
	{ NULL, roff_userdef, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL },
};

/* Array of injected predefined strings. */
#define	PREDEFS_MAX	 38
static	const struct predef predefs[PREDEFS_MAX] = {
#include "predefs.in"
};

/* See roffhash_find() */
#define	ROFF_HASH(p)	(p[0] - ASCII_LO)

static void
roffhash_init(void)
{
	struct roffmac	 *n;
	int		  buc, i;

	for (i = 0; i < (int)ROFF_USERDEF; i++) {
		assert(roffs[i].name[0] >= ASCII_LO);
		assert(roffs[i].name[0] <= ASCII_HI);

		buc = ROFF_HASH(roffs[i].name);

		if (NULL != (n = hash[buc])) {
			for ( ; n->next; n = n->next)
				/* Do nothing. */ ;
			n->next = &roffs[i];
		} else
			hash[buc] = &roffs[i];
	}
}

/*
 * Look up a roff token by its name.  Returns ROFF_MAX if no macro by
 * the nil-terminated string name could be found.
 */
static enum rofft
roffhash_find(const char *p, size_t s)
{
	int		 buc;
	struct roffmac	*n;

	/*
	 * libroff has an extremely simple hashtable, for the time
	 * being, which simply keys on the first character, which must
	 * be printable, then walks a chain.  It works well enough until
	 * optimised.
	 */

	if (p[0] < ASCII_LO || p[0] > ASCII_HI)
		return(ROFF_MAX);

	buc = ROFF_HASH(p);

	if (NULL == (n = hash[buc]))
		return(ROFF_MAX);
	for ( ; n; n = n->next)
		if (0 == strncmp(n->name, p, s) && '\0' == n->name[(int)s])
			return((enum rofft)(n - roffs));

	return(ROFF_MAX);
}


/*
 * Pop the current node off of the stack of roff instructions currently
 * pending.
 */
static void
roffnode_pop(struct roff *r)
{
	struct roffnode	*p;

	assert(r->last);
	p = r->last;

	r->last = r->last->parent;
	free(p->name);
	free(p->end);
	free(p);
}


/*
 * Push a roff node onto the instruction stack.  This must later be
 * removed with roffnode_pop().
 */
static void
roffnode_push(struct roff *r, enum rofft tok, const char *name,
		int line, int col)
{
	struct roffnode	*p;

	p = mandoc_calloc(1, sizeof(struct roffnode));
	p->tok = tok;
	if (name)
		p->name = mandoc_strdup(name);
	p->parent = r->last;
	p->line = line;
	p->col = col;
	p->rule = p->parent ? p->parent->rule : ROFFRULE_DENY;

	r->last = p;
}


static void
roff_free1(struct roff *r)
{
	struct tbl_node	*t;
	struct eqn_node	*e;
	int		 i;

	while (NULL != (t = r->first_tbl)) {
		r->first_tbl = t->next;
		tbl_free(t);
	}

	r->first_tbl = r->last_tbl = r->tbl = NULL;

	while (NULL != (e = r->first_eqn)) {
		r->first_eqn = e->next;
		eqn_free(e);
	}

	r->first_eqn = r->last_eqn = r->eqn = NULL;

	while (r->last)
		roffnode_pop(r);

	roff_freestr(r->strtab);
	roff_freestr(r->xmbtab);

	r->strtab = r->xmbtab = NULL;

	if (r->xtab)
		for (i = 0; i < 128; i++)
			free(r->xtab[i].p);

	free(r->xtab);
	r->xtab = NULL;
}

void
roff_reset(struct roff *r)
{
	int		 i;

	roff_free1(r);

	memset(&r->regs, 0, sizeof(r->regs));
	memset(&r->nr, 0, sizeof(r->nr));

	for (i = 0; i < PREDEFS_MAX; i++)
		roff_setstr(r, predefs[i].name, predefs[i].str, 0);
}


void
roff_free(struct roff *r)
{

	roff_free1(r);
	free(r);
}


struct roff *
roff_alloc(struct mparse *parse)
{
	struct roff	*r;
	int		 i;

	r = mandoc_calloc(1, sizeof(struct roff));
	r->parse = parse;
	r->rstackpos = -1;

	roffhash_init();

	for (i = 0; i < PREDEFS_MAX; i++)
		roff_setstr(r, predefs[i].name, predefs[i].str, 0);

	return(r);
}

/*
 * Pre-filter each and every line for reserved words (one beginning with
 * `\*', e.g., `\*(ab').  These must be handled before the actual line
 * is processed.
 * This also checks the syntax of regular escapes.
 */
static enum rofferr
roff_res(struct roff *r, char **bufp, size_t *szp, int ln, int pos)
{
	enum mandoc_esc	 esc;
	const char	*stesc;	/* start of an escape sequence ('\\') */
	const char	*stnam;	/* start of the name, after "[(*" */
	const char	*cp;	/* end of the name, e.g. before ']' */
	const char	*res;	/* the string to be substituted */
	int		 i, maxl, expand_count;
	size_t		 nsz;
	char		*n;

	expand_count = 0;

again:
	cp = *bufp + pos;
	while (NULL != (cp = strchr(cp, '\\'))) {
		stesc = cp++;

		/*
		 * The second character must be an asterisk.
		 * If it isn't, skip it anyway:  It is escaped,
		 * so it can't start another escape sequence.
		 */

		if ('\0' == *cp)
			return(ROFF_CONT);

		if ('*' != *cp) {
			res = cp;
			esc = mandoc_escape(&cp, NULL, NULL);
			if (ESCAPE_ERROR != esc)
				continue;
			cp = res;
			mandoc_msg
				(MANDOCERR_BADESCAPE, r->parse,
				 ln, (int)(stesc - *bufp), NULL);
			return(ROFF_CONT);
		}

		cp++;

		/*
		 * The third character decides the length
		 * of the name of the string.
		 * Save a pointer to the name.
		 */

		switch (*cp) {
		case ('\0'):
			return(ROFF_CONT);
		case ('('):
			cp++;
			maxl = 2;
			break;
		case ('['):
			cp++;
			maxl = 0;
			break;
		default:
			maxl = 1;
			break;
		}
		stnam = cp;

		/* Advance to the end of the name. */

		for (i = 0; 0 == maxl || i < maxl; i++, cp++) {
			if ('\0' == *cp) {
				mandoc_msg
					(MANDOCERR_BADESCAPE,
					 r->parse, ln,
					 (int)(stesc - *bufp), NULL);
				return(ROFF_CONT);
			}
			if (0 == maxl && ']' == *cp)
				break;
		}

		/*
		 * Retrieve the replacement string; if it is
		 * undefined, resume searching for escapes.
		 */

		res = roff_getstrn(r, stnam, (size_t)i);

		if (NULL == res) {
			mandoc_msg
				(MANDOCERR_BADESCAPE, r->parse,
				 ln, (int)(stesc - *bufp), NULL);
			res = "";
		}

		/* Replace the escape sequence by the string. */

		pos = stesc - *bufp;

		nsz = *szp + strlen(res) + 1;
		n = mandoc_malloc(nsz);

		strlcpy(n, *bufp, (size_t)(stesc - *bufp + 1));
		strlcat(n, res, nsz);
		strlcat(n, cp + (maxl ? 0 : 1), nsz);

		free(*bufp);

		*bufp = n;
		*szp = nsz;

		if (EXPAND_LIMIT >= ++expand_count)
			goto again;

		/* Just leave the string unexpanded. */
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ROFFLOOP, r->parse, ln, pos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}
	return(ROFF_CONT);
}

/*
 * Process text streams: convert all breakable hyphens into ASCII_HYPH.
 */
static enum rofferr
roff_parsetext(char *p)
{
	size_t		 sz;
	const char	*start;
	enum mandoc_esc	 esc;

	start = p;

	while ('\0' != *p) {
		sz = strcspn(p, "-\\");
		p += sz;

		if ('\0' == *p)
			break;

		if ('\\' == *p) {
			/* Skip over escapes. */
			p++;
			esc = mandoc_escape
				((const char **)/*XXX*/(void *)&p, NULL, NULL);
			if (ESCAPE_ERROR == esc)
				break;
			continue;
		} else if (p == start) {
			p++;
			continue;
		}

		if (isalpha((unsigned char)p[-1]) &&
		    isalpha((unsigned char)p[1]))
			*p = ASCII_HYPH;
		p++;
	}

	return(ROFF_CONT);
}

enum rofferr
roff_parseln(struct roff *r, int ln, char **bufp,
		size_t *szp, int pos, int *offs)
{
	enum rofft	 t;
	enum rofferr	 e;
	int		 ppos, ctl;

	/*
	 * Run the reserved-word filter only if we have some reserved
	 * words to fill in.
	 */

	e = roff_res(r, bufp, szp, ln, pos);
	if (ROFF_IGN == e)
		return(e);
	assert(ROFF_CONT == e);

	ppos = pos;
	ctl = mandoc_getcontrol(*bufp, &pos);

	/*
	 * First, if a scope is open and we're not a macro, pass the
	 * text through the macro's filter.  If a scope isn't open and
	 * we're not a macro, just let it through.
	 * Finally, if there's an equation scope open, divert it into it
	 * no matter our state.
	 */

	if (!ctl) {
		if (r->last) {
			t = r->last->tok;
			assert(roffs[t].text);
			e = (*roffs[t].text)
			    (r, t, bufp, szp, ln, pos, pos, offs);
			assert(ROFF_IGN == e || ROFF_CONT == e);
			if (ROFF_CONT != e)
				return(e);
		}
		if (r->eqn)
			return(eqn_read(&r->eqn, ln, *bufp, pos, offs));
		if (r->tbl)
			return(tbl_read(r->tbl, ln, *bufp, pos));
		return(roff_parsetext(*bufp + pos));
	} else if (r->eqn)
		return(eqn_read(&r->eqn, ln, *bufp, ppos, offs));

	/*
	 * If a scope is open, go to the child handler for that macro,
	 * as it may want to preprocess before doing anything with it.
	 * Don't do so if an equation is open.
	 */

	if (r->last) {
		t = r->last->tok;
		assert(roffs[t].sub);
		return((*roffs[t].sub)
				(r, t, bufp, szp,
				 ln, ppos, pos, offs));
	}

	/*
	 * Lastly, as we've no scope open, try to look up and execute
	 * the new macro.  If no macro is found, simply return and let
	 * the compilers handle it.
	 */

	if (ROFF_MAX == (t = roff_parse(r, *bufp, &pos)))
		return(ROFF_CONT);

	assert(roffs[t].proc);
	return((*roffs[t].proc)
			(r, t, bufp, szp,
			 ln, ppos, pos, offs));
}


void
roff_endparse(struct roff *r)
{

	if (r->last)
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_SCOPEEXIT, r->parse,
				r->last->line, r->last->col, NULL);

	if (r->eqn) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_SCOPEEXIT, r->parse,
				r->eqn->eqn.ln, r->eqn->eqn.pos, NULL);
		eqn_end(&r->eqn);
	}

	if (r->tbl) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_SCOPEEXIT, r->parse,
				r->tbl->line, r->tbl->pos, NULL);
		tbl_end(&r->tbl);
	}
}

/*
 * Parse a roff node's type from the input buffer.  This must be in the
 * form of ".foo xxx" in the usual way.
 */
static enum rofft
roff_parse(struct roff *r, const char *buf, int *pos)
{
	const char	*mac;
	size_t		 maclen;
	enum rofft	 t;

	if ('\0' == buf[*pos] || '"' == buf[*pos] ||
			'\t' == buf[*pos] || ' ' == buf[*pos])
		return(ROFF_MAX);

	/*
	 * We stop the macro parse at an escape, tab, space, or nil.
	 * However, `\}' is also a valid macro, so make sure we don't
	 * clobber it by seeing the `\' as the end of token.
	 */

	mac = buf + *pos;
	maclen = strcspn(mac + 1, " \\\t\0") + 1;

	t = (r->current_string = roff_getstrn(r, mac, maclen))
	    ? ROFF_USERDEF : roffhash_find(mac, maclen);

	*pos += (int)maclen;

	while (buf[*pos] && ' ' == buf[*pos])
		(*pos)++;

	return(t);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_cblock(ROFF_ARGS)
{

	/*
	 * A block-close `..' should only be invoked as a child of an
	 * ignore macro, otherwise raise a warning and just ignore it.
	 */

	if (NULL == r->last) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOSCOPE, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}

	switch (r->last->tok) {
	case (ROFF_am):
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case (ROFF_ami):
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case (ROFF_am1):
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case (ROFF_de):
		/* ROFF_de1 is remapped to ROFF_de in roff_block(). */
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case (ROFF_dei):
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case (ROFF_ig):
		break;
	default:
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOSCOPE, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}

	if ((*bufp)[pos])
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARGSLOST, r->parse, ln, pos, NULL);

	roffnode_pop(r);
	roffnode_cleanscope(r);
	return(ROFF_IGN);

}


static void
roffnode_cleanscope(struct roff *r)
{

	while (r->last) {
		if (--r->last->endspan < 0)
			break;
		roffnode_pop(r);
	}
}


/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_ccond(ROFF_ARGS)
{

	if (NULL == r->last) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOSCOPE, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}

	switch (r->last->tok) {
	case (ROFF_el):
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case (ROFF_ie):
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case (ROFF_if):
		break;
	default:
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOSCOPE, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}

	if (r->last->endspan > -1) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOSCOPE, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}

	if ((*bufp)[pos])
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARGSLOST, r->parse, ln, pos, NULL);

	roffnode_pop(r);
	roffnode_cleanscope(r);
	return(ROFF_IGN);
}


/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_block(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	int		sv;
	size_t		sz;
	char		*name;

	name = NULL;

	if (ROFF_ig != tok) {
		if ('\0' == (*bufp)[pos]) {
			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOARGS, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
			return(ROFF_IGN);
		}

		/*
		 * Re-write `de1', since we don't really care about
		 * groff's strange compatibility mode, into `de'.
		 */

		if (ROFF_de1 == tok)
			tok = ROFF_de;
		if (ROFF_de == tok)
			name = *bufp + pos;
		else
			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_REQUEST, r->parse, ln, ppos,
			    roffs[tok].name);

		while ((*bufp)[pos] && ! isspace((unsigned char)(*bufp)[pos]))
			pos++;

		while (isspace((unsigned char)(*bufp)[pos]))
			(*bufp)[pos++] = '\0';
	}

	roffnode_push(r, tok, name, ln, ppos);

	/*
	 * At the beginning of a `de' macro, clear the existing string
	 * with the same name, if there is one.  New content will be
	 * added from roff_block_text() in multiline mode.
	 */

	if (ROFF_de == tok)
		roff_setstr(r, name, "", 0);

	if ('\0' == (*bufp)[pos])
		return(ROFF_IGN);

	/* If present, process the custom end-of-line marker. */

	sv = pos;
	while ((*bufp)[pos] && ! isspace((unsigned char)(*bufp)[pos]))
		pos++;

	/*
	 * Note: groff does NOT like escape characters in the input.
	 * Instead of detecting this, we're just going to let it fly and
	 * to hell with it.
	 */

	assert(pos > sv);
	sz = (size_t)(pos - sv);

	if (1 == sz && '.' == (*bufp)[sv])
		return(ROFF_IGN);

	r->last->end = mandoc_malloc(sz + 1);

	memcpy(r->last->end, *bufp + sv, sz);
	r->last->end[(int)sz] = '\0';

	if ((*bufp)[pos])
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARGSLOST, r->parse, ln, pos, NULL);

	return(ROFF_IGN);
}


/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_block_sub(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	enum rofft	t;
	int		i, j;

	/*
	 * First check whether a custom macro exists at this level.  If
	 * it does, then check against it.  This is some of groff's
	 * stranger behaviours.  If we encountered a custom end-scope
	 * tag and that tag also happens to be a "real" macro, then we
	 * need to try interpreting it again as a real macro.  If it's
	 * not, then return ignore.  Else continue.
	 */

	if (r->last->end) {
		for (i = pos, j = 0; r->last->end[j]; j++, i++)
			if ((*bufp)[i] != r->last->end[j])
				break;

		if ('\0' == r->last->end[j] &&
				('\0' == (*bufp)[i] ||
				 ' ' == (*bufp)[i] ||
				 '\t' == (*bufp)[i])) {
			roffnode_pop(r);
			roffnode_cleanscope(r);

			while (' ' == (*bufp)[i] || '\t' == (*bufp)[i])
				i++;

			pos = i;
			if (ROFF_MAX != roff_parse(r, *bufp, &pos))
				return(ROFF_RERUN);
			return(ROFF_IGN);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * If we have no custom end-query or lookup failed, then try
	 * pulling it out of the hashtable.
	 */

	t = roff_parse(r, *bufp, &pos);

	/*
	 * Macros other than block-end are only significant
	 * in `de' blocks; elsewhere, simply throw them away.
	 */
	if (ROFF_cblock != t) {
		if (ROFF_de == tok)
			roff_setstr(r, r->last->name, *bufp + ppos, 1);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}

	assert(roffs[t].proc);
	return((*roffs[t].proc)(r, t, bufp, szp,
				ln, ppos, pos, offs));
}


/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_block_text(ROFF_ARGS)
{

	if (ROFF_de == tok)
		roff_setstr(r, r->last->name, *bufp + pos, 1);

	return(ROFF_IGN);
}


/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_cond_sub(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	enum rofft	 t;
	enum roffrule	 rr;
	char		*ep;

	rr = r->last->rule;
	roffnode_cleanscope(r);

	/*
	 * If the macro is unknown, first check if it contains a closing
	 * delimiter `\}'.  If it does, close out our scope and return
	 * the currently-scoped rule (ignore or continue).  Else, drop
	 * into the currently-scoped rule.
	 */

	if (ROFF_MAX == (t = roff_parse(r, *bufp, &pos))) {
		ep = &(*bufp)[pos];
		for ( ; NULL != (ep = strchr(ep, '\\')); ep++) {
			ep++;
			if ('}' != *ep)
				continue;

			/*
			 * Make the \} go away.
			 * This is a little haphazard, as it's not quite
			 * clear how nroff does this.
			 * If we're at the end of line, then just chop
			 * off the \} and resize the buffer.
			 * If we aren't, then conver it to spaces.
			 */

			if ('\0' == *(ep + 1)) {
				*--ep = '\0';
				*szp -= 2;
			} else
				*(ep - 1) = *ep = ' ';

			roff_ccond(r, ROFF_ccond, bufp, szp,
					ln, pos, pos + 2, offs);
			break;
		}
		return(ROFFRULE_DENY == rr ? ROFF_IGN : ROFF_CONT);
	}

	/*
	 * A denied conditional must evaluate its children if and only
	 * if they're either structurally required (such as loops and
	 * conditionals) or a closing macro.
	 */

	if (ROFFRULE_DENY == rr)
		if ( ! (ROFFMAC_STRUCT & roffs[t].flags))
			if (ROFF_ccond != t)
				return(ROFF_IGN);

	assert(roffs[t].proc);
	return((*roffs[t].proc)(r, t, bufp, szp,
				ln, ppos, pos, offs));
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_cond_text(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	char		*ep;
	enum roffrule	 rr;

	rr = r->last->rule;
	roffnode_cleanscope(r);

	ep = &(*bufp)[pos];
	for ( ; NULL != (ep = strchr(ep, '\\')); ep++) {
		ep++;
		if ('}' != *ep)
			continue;
		*ep = '&';
		roff_ccond(r, ROFF_ccond, bufp, szp,
				ln, pos, pos + 2, offs);
	}
	return(ROFFRULE_DENY == rr ? ROFF_IGN : ROFF_CONT);
}

static int
roff_getnum(const char *v, int *pos, int *res)
{
	int p, n;

	if ((n = (v[*pos] == '-')) != 0)
		(*pos)++;

	p = *pos;
	for (*res = 0; isdigit((unsigned char)v[p]); p++)
		*res += 10 * *res + v[p] - '0';
	if (p == *pos)
		return 0;

	if (n)
		*res = -*res;

	*pos = p;
	return 1;
}

static int
roff_getop(const char *v, int *pos)
{
	int c;
	switch (c = v[*pos]) {
	case '=':
	case '!':
	case '>':
	case '<':
		(*pos)++;
		if (v[*pos] == '=')  {
			(*pos)++;
			return c;
		}
		switch (c) {
		case '=':
			return '=';
		case '>':
			return 'g';
		case '<':
			return 'l';
		default:
			return -1;
		}
	default:
		return -1;
	}
}

static enum roffrule
roff_evalcond(const char *v, int *pos)
{
	int not = 0;
	int lh, rh, op;
	switch (v[*pos]) {
	case ('n'):
		(*pos)++;
		return(ROFFRULE_ALLOW);
	case ('e'):
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case ('o'):
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	case ('t'):
		(*pos)++;
		return(ROFFRULE_DENY);
	case ('!'):
		not++;
		(*pos)++;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
	if (!roff_getnum(v, pos, &lh))
		return ROFFRULE_DENY;
	if ((op = roff_getop(v, pos)) == -1)
		goto out;
	if (!roff_getnum(v, pos, &rh))
		return ROFFRULE_DENY;
	switch (op) {
	case '>':
		lh = lh >= rh;
		break;
	case '<':
		lh = lh <= rh;
		break;
	case '=':
		lh = lh == rh;
		break;
	case '!':
		lh = lh != rh;
		break;
	case 'g':
		lh = lh > rh;
		break;
	case 'l':
		lh = lh < rh;
		break;
	default:
		return ROFFRULE_DENY;
	}
out:
	if (not)
		lh = !lh;
	return lh ? ROFFRULE_ALLOW : ROFFRULE_DENY;
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_line_ignore(ROFF_ARGS)
{

	if (ROFF_it == tok)
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_REQUEST, r->parse, ln, ppos, "it");

	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_cond(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	int		 sv;
	enum roffrule	 rule;

	/*
	 * An `.el' has no conditional body: it will consume the value
	 * of the current rstack entry set in prior `ie' calls or
	 * defaults to DENY.
	 *
	 * If we're not an `el', however, then evaluate the conditional.
	 */

	rule = ROFF_el == tok ?
		(r->rstackpos < 0 ?
		 ROFFRULE_DENY : r->rstack[r->rstackpos--]) :
		roff_evalcond(*bufp, &pos);

	sv = pos;
	while (' ' == (*bufp)[pos])
		pos++;

	/*
	 * Roff is weird.  If we have just white-space after the
	 * conditional, it's considered the BODY and we exit without
	 * really doing anything.  Warn about this.  It's probably
	 * wrong.
	 */

	if ('\0' == (*bufp)[pos] && sv != pos) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOARGS, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}

	roffnode_push(r, tok, NULL, ln, ppos);

	r->last->rule = rule;

	/*
	 * An if-else will put the NEGATION of the current evaluated
	 * conditional into the stack of rules.
	 */

	if (ROFF_ie == tok) {
		if (r->rstackpos == RSTACK_MAX - 1) {
			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_MEM,
				r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
			return(ROFF_ERR);
		}
		r->rstack[++r->rstackpos] =
			ROFFRULE_DENY == r->last->rule ?
			ROFFRULE_ALLOW : ROFFRULE_DENY;
	}

	/* If the parent has false as its rule, then so do we. */

	if (r->last->parent && ROFFRULE_DENY == r->last->parent->rule)
		r->last->rule = ROFFRULE_DENY;

	/*
	 * Determine scope.  If we're invoked with "\{" trailing the
	 * conditional, then we're in a multiline scope.  Else our scope
	 * expires on the next line.
	 */

	r->last->endspan = 1;

	if ('\\' == (*bufp)[pos] && '{' == (*bufp)[pos + 1]) {
		r->last->endspan = -1;
		pos += 2;
	}

	/*
	 * If there are no arguments on the line, the next-line scope is
	 * assumed.
	 */

	if ('\0' == (*bufp)[pos])
		return(ROFF_IGN);

	/* Otherwise re-run the roff parser after recalculating. */

	*offs = pos;
	return(ROFF_RERUN);
}


/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_ds(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	char		*name, *string;

	/*
	 * A symbol is named by the first word following the macro
	 * invocation up to a space.  Its value is anything after the
	 * name's trailing whitespace and optional double-quote.  Thus,
	 *
	 *  [.ds foo "bar  "     ]
	 *
	 * will have `bar  "     ' as its value.
	 */

	string = *bufp + pos;
	name = roff_getname(r, &string, ln, pos);
	if ('\0' == *name)
		return(ROFF_IGN);

	/* Read past initial double-quote. */
	if ('"' == *string)
		string++;

	/* The rest is the value. */
	roff_setstr(r, name, string, 0);
	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

int
roff_regisset(const struct roff *r, enum regs reg)
{

	return(r->regs[(int)reg].set);
}

unsigned int
roff_regget(const struct roff *r, enum regs reg)
{

	return(r->regs[(int)reg].u);
}

void
roff_regunset(struct roff *r, enum regs reg)
{

	r->regs[(int)reg].set = 0;
}

struct roff_nr {
	char *str;
	uint32_t hash;
	intmax_t val;
	struct roff_nr *next;
};

static uint32_t
hash_str(const char *str)
{
	const uint8_t *s = (const uint8_t *)str;
	uint8_t c;
	uint32_t hv = 0;
	while ((c = *s++) != '\0')
		hv = hv * 33 + c;           /* "perl": k=33, r=r+r/32 */
	return hv + (hv >> 5);
}

static struct roff_nr *
hash_find(struct roff *r, const char *str, uint32_t *h)
{
	struct roff_nr *e;
	*h = hash_str(str) % (sizeof(r->nr) / sizeof(r->nr[0]));

	for (e = r->nr[*h]; e; e = e->next)
		if (e->hash == *h && strcmp(e->str, str) == 0)
			return e;
	return NULL;
}

static struct roff_nr *
hash_insert(struct roff *r, const char *str, uint32_t h)
{
	struct roff_nr *e;

	e = mandoc_malloc(sizeof(*e));
	e->str = mandoc_strdup(str);
	e->hash = h;
	e->next = r->nr[h];
	r->nr[h] = e;
	return e;
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_nr(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	const char	*key;
	char		*val;
	uint32_t	 hv;
	struct roff_nr	*h;

	val = *bufp + pos;
	key = roff_getname(r, &val, ln, pos);

	if ((h = hash_find(r, key, &hv)) == NULL)
		h = hash_insert(r, key, hv);

	h->val = mandoc_strntoi(val, strlen(val), 10);

	if (0 == strcmp(key, "nS")) {
		r->regs[(int)REG_nS].set = 1;
		if (h->val >= 0)
			r->regs[(int)REG_nS].u = (unsigned)h->val;
		else
			r->regs[(int)REG_nS].u = 0u;
	}

	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

void
roff_expand_nr(struct roff *r, const char *src, int *sp, size_t slen,
    char **dst, int *dp, size_t *dlenp)
{
	uint32_t	 hv;
	struct roff_nr	*h;
	int		 l, s;
	char		 e, *key;

	s = *sp + 2;	/* skip \\\n */

	if ('[' == src[s]) {		/* XXX: Support builtins */
		s++;
		e = ']';
	} else
		e = '\0';

	for (l = s; src[l] && l < (int)slen; l++) {
		if (e) {
			if (src[l] == e)
				break;
		} else {
			if (!isalnum((unsigned char)src[l]))
				break;
		}
	}
	*sp = l;
	l -= s;
	key = mandoc_malloc(l + 1);
	memcpy(key, src + s, l);
	key[l] = '\0';

	if ((h = hash_find(r, key, &hv)) == NULL) {
		free(key);
		return;
	}
	if (*dst == NULL || *dlenp - *dp < 256)
		*dst = mandoc_realloc(*dst, *dlenp += 256);

	/* XXX: support .af */
	*dp += snprintf(*dst + *dp, *dlenp - *dp, "%jd", h->val);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_rm(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	const char	 *name;
	char		 *cp;

	cp = *bufp + pos;
	while ('\0' != *cp) {
		name = roff_getname(r, &cp, ln, (int)(cp - *bufp));
		if ('\0' != *name)
			roff_setstr(r, name, NULL, 0);
	}
	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_TE(ROFF_ARGS)
{

	if (NULL == r->tbl)
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOSCOPE, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
	else
		tbl_end(&r->tbl);

	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_T_(ROFF_ARGS)
{

	if (NULL == r->tbl)
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOSCOPE, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
	else
		tbl_restart(ppos, ln, r->tbl);

	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

#if 0
static int
roff_closeeqn(struct roff *r)
{

	return(r->eqn && ROFF_EQN == eqn_end(&r->eqn) ? 1 : 0);
}
#endif

static void
roff_openeqn(struct roff *r, const char *name, int line,
		int offs, const char *buf)
{
	struct eqn_node *e;
	int		 poff;

	assert(NULL == r->eqn);
	e = eqn_alloc(name, offs, line, r->parse);

	if (r->last_eqn)
		r->last_eqn->next = e;
	else
		r->first_eqn = r->last_eqn = e;

	r->eqn = r->last_eqn = e;

	if (buf) {
		poff = 0;
		eqn_read(&r->eqn, line, buf, offs, &poff);
	}
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_EQ(ROFF_ARGS)
{

	roff_openeqn(r, *bufp + pos, ln, ppos, NULL);
	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_EN(ROFF_ARGS)
{

	mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NOSCOPE, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_TS(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	struct tbl_node	*t;

	if (r->tbl) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_SCOPEBROKEN, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
		tbl_end(&r->tbl);
	}

	t = tbl_alloc(ppos, ln, r->parse);

	if (r->last_tbl)
		r->last_tbl->next = t;
	else
		r->first_tbl = r->last_tbl = t;

	r->tbl = r->last_tbl = t;
	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_tr(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	const char	*p, *first, *second;
	size_t		 fsz, ssz;
	enum mandoc_esc	 esc;

	p = *bufp + pos;

	if ('\0' == *p) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARGCOUNT, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_IGN);
	}

	while ('\0' != *p) {
		fsz = ssz = 1;

		first = p++;
		if ('\\' == *first) {
			esc = mandoc_escape(&p, NULL, NULL);
			if (ESCAPE_ERROR == esc) {
				mandoc_msg
					(MANDOCERR_BADESCAPE, r->parse,
					 ln, (int)(p - *bufp), NULL);
				return(ROFF_IGN);
			}
			fsz = (size_t)(p - first);
		}

		second = p++;
		if ('\\' == *second) {
			esc = mandoc_escape(&p, NULL, NULL);
			if (ESCAPE_ERROR == esc) {
				mandoc_msg
					(MANDOCERR_BADESCAPE, r->parse,
					 ln, (int)(p - *bufp), NULL);
				return(ROFF_IGN);
			}
			ssz = (size_t)(p - second);
		} else if ('\0' == *second) {
			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARGCOUNT, r->parse,
					ln, (int)(p - *bufp), NULL);
			second = " ";
			p--;
		}

		if (fsz > 1) {
			roff_setstrn(&r->xmbtab, first,
					fsz, second, ssz, 0);
			continue;
		}

		if (NULL == r->xtab)
			r->xtab = mandoc_calloc
				(128, sizeof(struct roffstr));

		free(r->xtab[(int)*first].p);
		r->xtab[(int)*first].p = mandoc_strndup(second, ssz);
		r->xtab[(int)*first].sz = ssz;
	}

	return(ROFF_IGN);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_so(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	char *name;

	mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_SO, r->parse, ln, ppos, NULL);

	/*
	 * Handle `so'.  Be EXTREMELY careful, as we shouldn't be
	 * opening anything that's not in our cwd or anything beneath
	 * it.  Thus, explicitly disallow traversing up the file-system
	 * or using absolute paths.
	 */

	name = *bufp + pos;
	if ('/' == *name || strstr(name, "../") || strstr(name, "/..")) {
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_SOPATH, r->parse, ln, pos, NULL);
		return(ROFF_ERR);
	}

	*offs = pos;
	return(ROFF_SO);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static enum rofferr
roff_userdef(ROFF_ARGS)
{
	const char	 *arg[9];
	char		 *cp, *n1, *n2;
	int		  i;

	/*
	 * Collect pointers to macro argument strings
	 * and null-terminate them.
	 */
	cp = *bufp + pos;
	for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
		arg[i] = '\0' == *cp ? "" :
		    mandoc_getarg(r->parse, &cp, ln, &pos);

	/*
	 * Expand macro arguments.
	 */
	*szp = 0;
	n1 = cp = mandoc_strdup(r->current_string);
	while (NULL != (cp = strstr(cp, "\\$"))) {
		i = cp[2] - '1';
		if (0 > i || 8 < i) {
			/* Not an argument invocation. */
			cp += 2;
			continue;
		}

		*szp = strlen(n1) - 3 + strlen(arg[i]) + 1;
		n2 = mandoc_malloc(*szp);

		strlcpy(n2, n1, (size_t)(cp - n1 + 1));
		strlcat(n2, arg[i], *szp);
		strlcat(n2, cp + 3, *szp);

		cp = n2 + (cp - n1);
		free(n1);
		n1 = n2;
	}

	/*
	 * Replace the macro invocation
	 * by the expanded macro.
	 */
	free(*bufp);
	*bufp = n1;
	if (0 == *szp)
		*szp = strlen(*bufp) + 1;

	return(*szp > 1 && '\n' == (*bufp)[(int)*szp - 2] ?
	   ROFF_REPARSE : ROFF_APPEND);
}

static char *
roff_getname(struct roff *r, char **cpp, int ln, int pos)
{
	char	 *name, *cp;

	name = *cpp;
	if ('\0' == *name)
		return(name);

	/* Read until end of name. */
	for (cp = name; '\0' != *cp && ' ' != *cp; cp++) {
		if ('\\' != *cp)
			continue;
		cp++;
		if ('\\' == *cp)
			continue;
		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NAMESC, r->parse, ln, pos, NULL);
		*cp = '\0';
		name = cp;
	}

	/* Nil-terminate name. */
	if ('\0' != *cp)
		*(cp++) = '\0';

	/* Read past spaces. */
	while (' ' == *cp)
		cp++;

	*cpp = cp;
	return(name);
}

/*
 * Store *string into the user-defined string called *name.
 * In multiline mode, append to an existing entry and append '\n';
 * else replace the existing entry, if there is one.
 * To clear an existing entry, call with (*r, *name, NULL, 0).
 */
static void
roff_setstr(struct roff *r, const char *name, const char *string,
	int multiline)
{

	roff_setstrn(&r->strtab, name, strlen(name), string,
			string ? strlen(string) : 0, multiline);
}

static void
roff_setstrn(struct roffkv **r, const char *name, size_t namesz,
		const char *string, size_t stringsz, int multiline)
{
	struct roffkv	*n;
	char		*c;
	int		 i;
	size_t		 oldch, newch;

	/* Search for an existing string with the same name. */
	n = *r;

	while (n && strcmp(name, n->key.p))
		n = n->next;

	if (NULL == n) {
		/* Create a new string table entry. */
		n = mandoc_malloc(sizeof(struct roffkv));
		n->key.p = mandoc_strndup(name, namesz);
		n->key.sz = namesz;
		n->val.p = NULL;
		n->val.sz = 0;
		n->next = *r;
		*r = n;
	} else if (0 == multiline) {
		/* In multiline mode, append; else replace. */
		free(n->val.p);
		n->val.p = NULL;
		n->val.sz = 0;
	}

	if (NULL == string)
		return;

	/*
	 * One additional byte for the '\n' in multiline mode,
	 * and one for the terminating '\0'.
	 */
	newch = stringsz + (multiline ? 2u : 1u);

	if (NULL == n->val.p) {
		n->val.p = mandoc_malloc(newch);
		*n->val.p = '\0';
		oldch = 0;
	} else {
		oldch = n->val.sz;
		n->val.p = mandoc_realloc(n->val.p, oldch + newch);
	}

	/* Skip existing content in the destination buffer. */
	c = n->val.p + (int)oldch;

	/* Append new content to the destination buffer. */
	i = 0;
	while (i < (int)stringsz) {
		/*
		 * Rudimentary roff copy mode:
		 * Handle escaped backslashes.
		 */
		if ('\\' == string[i] && '\\' == string[i + 1])
			i++;
		*c++ = string[i++];
	}

	/* Append terminating bytes. */
	if (multiline)
		*c++ = '\n';

	*c = '\0';
	n->val.sz = (int)(c - n->val.p);
}

static const char *
roff_getstrn(const struct roff *r, const char *name, size_t len)
{
	const struct roffkv *n;

	for (n = r->strtab; n; n = n->next)
		if (0 == strncmp(name, n->key.p, len) &&
				'\0' == n->key.p[(int)len])
			return(n->val.p);

	return(NULL);
}

static void
roff_freestr(struct roffkv *r)
{
	struct roffkv	 *n, *nn;

	for (n = r; n; n = nn) {
		free(n->key.p);
		free(n->val.p);
		nn = n->next;
		free(n);
	}
}

const struct tbl_span *
roff_span(const struct roff *r)
{

	return(r->tbl ? tbl_span(r->tbl) : NULL);
}

const struct eqn *
roff_eqn(const struct roff *r)
{

	return(r->last_eqn ? &r->last_eqn->eqn : NULL);
}

/*
 * Duplicate an input string, making the appropriate character
 * conversations (as stipulated by `tr') along the way.
 * Returns a heap-allocated string with all the replacements made.
 */
char *
roff_strdup(const struct roff *r, const char *p)
{
	const struct roffkv *cp;
	char		*res;
	const char	*pp;
	size_t		 ssz, sz;
	enum mandoc_esc	 esc;

	if (NULL == r->xmbtab && NULL == r->xtab)
		return(mandoc_strdup(p));
	else if ('\0' == *p)
		return(mandoc_strdup(""));

	/*
	 * Step through each character looking for term matches
	 * (remember that a `tr' can be invoked with an escape, which is
	 * a glyph but the escape is multi-character).
	 * We only do this if the character hash has been initialised
	 * and the string is >0 length.
	 */

	res = NULL;
	ssz = 0;

	while ('\0' != *p) {
		if ('\\' != *p && r->xtab && r->xtab[(int)*p].p) {
			sz = r->xtab[(int)*p].sz;
			res = mandoc_realloc(res, ssz + sz + 1);
			memcpy(res + ssz, r->xtab[(int)*p].p, sz);
			ssz += sz;
			p++;
			continue;
		} else if ('\\' != *p) {
			res = mandoc_realloc(res, ssz + 2);
			res[ssz++] = *p++;
			continue;
		}

		/* Search for term matches. */
		for (cp = r->xmbtab; cp; cp = cp->next)
			if (0 == strncmp(p, cp->key.p, cp->key.sz))
				break;

		if (NULL != cp) {
			/*
			 * A match has been found.
			 * Append the match to the array and move
			 * forward by its keysize.
			 */
			res = mandoc_realloc
				(res, ssz + cp->val.sz + 1);
			memcpy(res + ssz, cp->val.p, cp->val.sz);
			ssz += cp->val.sz;
			p += (int)cp->key.sz;
			continue;
		}

		/*
		 * Handle escapes carefully: we need to copy
		 * over just the escape itself, or else we might
		 * do replacements within the escape itself.
		 * Make sure to pass along the bogus string.
		 */
		pp = p++;
		esc = mandoc_escape(&p, NULL, NULL);
		if (ESCAPE_ERROR == esc) {
			sz = strlen(pp);
			res = mandoc_realloc(res, ssz + sz + 1);
			memcpy(res + ssz, pp, sz);
			break;
		}
		/*
		 * We bail out on bad escapes.
		 * No need to warn: we already did so when
		 * roff_res() was called.
		 */
		sz = (int)(p - pp);
		res = mandoc_realloc(res, ssz + sz + 1);
		memcpy(res + ssz, pp, sz);
		ssz += sz;
	}

	res[(int)ssz] = '\0';
	return(res);
}