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      1  1.3  christos /*	$NetBSD: abandon.c,v 1.4 2025/09/05 21:16:20 christos Exp $	*/
      2  1.2  christos 
      3  1.1     lukem /* abandon.c */
      4  1.2  christos /* $OpenLDAP$ */
      5  1.1     lukem /* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
      6  1.1     lukem  *
      7  1.4  christos  * Copyright 1998-2024 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
      8  1.1     lukem  * All rights reserved.
      9  1.1     lukem  *
     10  1.1     lukem  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     11  1.1     lukem  * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
     12  1.1     lukem  * Public License.
     13  1.1     lukem  *
     14  1.1     lukem  * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
     15  1.1     lukem  * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
     16  1.1     lukem  * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
     17  1.1     lukem  */
     18  1.1     lukem /* Portions  Copyright (c) 1990 Regents of the University of Michigan.
     19  1.1     lukem  * All rights reserved.
     20  1.1     lukem  */
     21  1.1     lukem 
     22  1.2  christos #include <sys/cdefs.h>
     23  1.3  christos __RCSID("$NetBSD: abandon.c,v 1.4 2025/09/05 21:16:20 christos Exp $");
     24  1.2  christos 
     25  1.1     lukem #include "portable.h"
     26  1.1     lukem 
     27  1.1     lukem #include <stdio.h>
     28  1.1     lukem 
     29  1.1     lukem #include <ac/stdlib.h>
     30  1.1     lukem 
     31  1.1     lukem #include <ac/socket.h>
     32  1.1     lukem #include <ac/string.h>
     33  1.1     lukem #include <ac/time.h>
     34  1.1     lukem 
     35  1.1     lukem #include "ldap-int.h"
     36  1.1     lukem 
     37  1.1     lukem /*
     38  1.1     lukem  * An abandon request looks like this:
     39  1.1     lukem  *		AbandonRequest ::= [APPLICATION 16] MessageID
     40  1.1     lukem  * and has no response.  (Source: RFC 4511)
     41  1.1     lukem  */
     42  1.1     lukem #include "lutil.h"
     43  1.1     lukem 
     44  1.1     lukem static int
     45  1.1     lukem do_abandon(
     46  1.1     lukem 	LDAP *ld,
     47  1.1     lukem 	ber_int_t origid,
     48  1.3  christos 	LDAPRequest *lr,
     49  1.1     lukem 	LDAPControl **sctrls,
     50  1.1     lukem 	int sendabandon );
     51  1.1     lukem 
     52  1.1     lukem /*
     53  1.1     lukem  * ldap_abandon_ext - perform an ldap extended abandon operation.
     54  1.1     lukem  *
     55  1.1     lukem  * Parameters:
     56  1.1     lukem  *	ld			LDAP descriptor
     57  1.1     lukem  *	msgid		The message id of the operation to abandon
     58  1.1     lukem  *	scntrls		Server Controls
     59  1.1     lukem  *	ccntrls		Client Controls
     60  1.1     lukem  *
     61  1.1     lukem  * ldap_abandon_ext returns a LDAP error code.
     62  1.1     lukem  *		(LDAP_SUCCESS if everything went ok)
     63  1.1     lukem  *
     64  1.1     lukem  * Example:
     65  1.1     lukem  *	ldap_abandon_ext( ld, msgid, scntrls, ccntrls );
     66  1.1     lukem  */
     67  1.1     lukem int
     68  1.1     lukem ldap_abandon_ext(
     69  1.1     lukem 	LDAP *ld,
     70  1.1     lukem 	int msgid,
     71  1.1     lukem 	LDAPControl **sctrls,
     72  1.1     lukem 	LDAPControl **cctrls )
     73  1.1     lukem {
     74  1.1     lukem 	int	rc;
     75  1.1     lukem 
     76  1.3  christos 	Debug1( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "ldap_abandon_ext %d\n", msgid );
     77  1.1     lukem 
     78  1.1     lukem 	/* check client controls */
     79  1.2  christos 	LDAP_MUTEX_LOCK( &ld->ld_req_mutex );
     80  1.1     lukem 
     81  1.1     lukem 	rc = ldap_int_client_controls( ld, cctrls );
     82  1.1     lukem 	if ( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
     83  1.3  christos 		rc = do_abandon( ld, msgid, NULL, sctrls, 1 );
     84  1.1     lukem 	}
     85  1.1     lukem 
     86  1.2  christos 	LDAP_MUTEX_UNLOCK( &ld->ld_req_mutex );
     87  1.1     lukem 
     88  1.1     lukem 	return rc;
     89  1.1     lukem }
     90  1.1     lukem 
     91  1.1     lukem 
     92  1.1     lukem /*
     93  1.1     lukem  * ldap_abandon - perform an ldap abandon operation. Parameters:
     94  1.1     lukem  *
     95  1.1     lukem  *	ld		LDAP descriptor
     96  1.1     lukem  *	msgid		The message id of the operation to abandon
     97  1.1     lukem  *
     98  1.1     lukem  * ldap_abandon returns 0 if everything went ok, -1 otherwise.
     99  1.1     lukem  *
    100  1.1     lukem  * Example:
    101  1.1     lukem  *	ldap_abandon( ld, msgid );
    102  1.1     lukem  */
    103  1.1     lukem int
    104  1.1     lukem ldap_abandon( LDAP *ld, int msgid )
    105  1.1     lukem {
    106  1.3  christos 	Debug1( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "ldap_abandon %d\n", msgid );
    107  1.1     lukem 	return ldap_abandon_ext( ld, msgid, NULL, NULL ) == LDAP_SUCCESS
    108  1.1     lukem 		? 0 : -1;
    109  1.1     lukem }
    110  1.1     lukem 
    111  1.1     lukem 
    112  1.1     lukem int
    113  1.1     lukem ldap_pvt_discard(
    114  1.1     lukem 	LDAP *ld,
    115  1.1     lukem 	ber_int_t msgid )
    116  1.1     lukem {
    117  1.1     lukem 	int	rc;
    118  1.1     lukem 
    119  1.2  christos 	LDAP_MUTEX_LOCK( &ld->ld_req_mutex );
    120  1.3  christos 	rc = do_abandon( ld, msgid, NULL, NULL, 0 );
    121  1.2  christos 	LDAP_MUTEX_UNLOCK( &ld->ld_req_mutex );
    122  1.1     lukem 	return rc;
    123  1.1     lukem }
    124  1.1     lukem 
    125  1.1     lukem static int
    126  1.1     lukem do_abandon(
    127  1.1     lukem 	LDAP *ld,
    128  1.1     lukem 	ber_int_t origid,
    129  1.3  christos 	LDAPRequest *lr,
    130  1.1     lukem 	LDAPControl **sctrls,
    131  1.1     lukem 	int sendabandon )
    132  1.1     lukem {
    133  1.1     lukem 	BerElement	*ber;
    134  1.1     lukem 	int		i, err;
    135  1.3  christos 	ber_int_t	msgid = origid;
    136  1.1     lukem 	Sockbuf		*sb;
    137  1.3  christos 	LDAPRequest	needle = {0};
    138  1.1     lukem 
    139  1.3  christos 	needle.lr_msgid = origid;
    140  1.1     lukem 
    141  1.1     lukem 	if ( lr != NULL ) {
    142  1.3  christos 		msgid = lr->lr_msgid;
    143  1.3  christos 		Debug2( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "do_abandon origid %d, msgid %d\n",
    144  1.3  christos 				origid, msgid );
    145  1.3  christos 	} else if ( (lr = ldap_tavl_find( ld->ld_requests, &needle, ldap_req_cmp )) != NULL ) {
    146  1.3  christos 		Debug2( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "do_abandon origid %d, msgid %d\n",
    147  1.3  christos 				origid, msgid );
    148  1.3  christos 		if ( lr->lr_parent != NULL ) {
    149  1.1     lukem 			/* don't let caller abandon child requests! */
    150  1.1     lukem 			ld->ld_errno = LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
    151  1.1     lukem 			return( LDAP_PARAM_ERROR );
    152  1.1     lukem 		}
    153  1.3  christos 		msgid = lr->lr_msgid;
    154  1.3  christos 	}
    155  1.3  christos 
    156  1.3  christos 	if ( lr != NULL ) {
    157  1.3  christos 		LDAPRequest **childp = &lr->lr_child;
    158  1.3  christos 
    159  1.3  christos 		needle.lr_msgid = lr->lr_msgid;
    160  1.3  christos 
    161  1.1     lukem 		if ( lr->lr_status != LDAP_REQST_INPROGRESS ) {
    162  1.1     lukem 			/* no need to send abandon message */
    163  1.1     lukem 			sendabandon = 0;
    164  1.1     lukem 		}
    165  1.3  christos 
    166  1.3  christos 		while ( *childp ) {
    167  1.3  christos 			/* Abandon children */
    168  1.3  christos 			LDAPRequest *child = *childp;
    169  1.3  christos 
    170  1.3  christos 			(void)do_abandon( ld, lr->lr_origid, child, sctrls, sendabandon );
    171  1.3  christos 			if ( *childp == child ) {
    172  1.3  christos 				childp = &child->lr_refnext;
    173  1.3  christos 			}
    174  1.3  christos 		}
    175  1.1     lukem 	}
    176  1.1     lukem 
    177  1.1     lukem 	/* ldap_msgdelete locks the res_mutex. Give up the req_mutex
    178  1.1     lukem 	 * while we're in there.
    179  1.1     lukem 	 */
    180  1.2  christos 	LDAP_MUTEX_UNLOCK( &ld->ld_req_mutex );
    181  1.1     lukem 	err = ldap_msgdelete( ld, msgid );
    182  1.2  christos 	LDAP_MUTEX_LOCK( &ld->ld_req_mutex );
    183  1.1     lukem 	if ( err == 0 ) {
    184  1.1     lukem 		ld->ld_errno = LDAP_SUCCESS;
    185  1.1     lukem 		return LDAP_SUCCESS;
    186  1.1     lukem 	}
    187  1.1     lukem 
    188  1.1     lukem 	/* fetch again the request that we are abandoning */
    189  1.1     lukem 	if ( lr != NULL ) {
    190  1.3  christos 		lr = ldap_tavl_find( ld->ld_requests, &needle, ldap_req_cmp );
    191  1.1     lukem 	}
    192  1.1     lukem 
    193  1.1     lukem 	err = 0;
    194  1.1     lukem 	if ( sendabandon ) {
    195  1.1     lukem 		if ( ber_sockbuf_ctrl( ld->ld_sb, LBER_SB_OPT_GET_FD, NULL ) == -1 ) {
    196  1.1     lukem 			/* not connected */
    197  1.1     lukem 			err = -1;
    198  1.1     lukem 			ld->ld_errno = LDAP_SERVER_DOWN;
    199  1.1     lukem 
    200  1.1     lukem 		} else if ( ( ber = ldap_alloc_ber_with_options( ld ) ) == NULL ) {
    201  1.1     lukem 			/* BER element allocation failed */
    202  1.1     lukem 			err = -1;
    203  1.1     lukem 			ld->ld_errno = LDAP_NO_MEMORY;
    204  1.1     lukem 
    205  1.1     lukem 		} else {
    206  1.1     lukem 			/*
    207  1.1     lukem 			 * We already have the mutex in LDAP_R_COMPILE, so
    208  1.1     lukem 			 * don't try to get it again.
    209  1.1     lukem 			 *		LDAP_NEXT_MSGID(ld, i);
    210  1.1     lukem 			 */
    211  1.1     lukem 
    212  1.2  christos 			LDAP_NEXT_MSGID(ld, i);
    213  1.1     lukem #ifdef LDAP_CONNECTIONLESS
    214  1.1     lukem 			if ( LDAP_IS_UDP(ld) ) {
    215  1.2  christos 				struct sockaddr_storage sa = {0};
    216  1.1     lukem 				/* dummy, filled with ldo_peer in request.c */
    217  1.2  christos 				err = ber_write( ber, (char *) &sa, sizeof(sa), 0 );
    218  1.1     lukem 			}
    219  1.1     lukem 			if ( LDAP_IS_UDP(ld) && ld->ld_options.ldo_version ==
    220  1.1     lukem 				LDAP_VERSION2 )
    221  1.1     lukem 			{
    222  1.2  christos 				char *dn;
    223  1.2  christos 				LDAP_MUTEX_LOCK( &ld->ld_options.ldo_mutex );
    224  1.2  christos 				dn = ld->ld_options.ldo_cldapdn;
    225  1.1     lukem 				if (!dn) dn = "";
    226  1.1     lukem 				err = ber_printf( ber, "{isti",  /* '}' */
    227  1.1     lukem 					i, dn,
    228  1.1     lukem 					LDAP_REQ_ABANDON, msgid );
    229  1.2  christos 				LDAP_MUTEX_UNLOCK( &ld->ld_options.ldo_mutex );
    230  1.1     lukem 			} else
    231  1.1     lukem #endif
    232  1.1     lukem 			{
    233  1.1     lukem 				/* create a message to send */
    234  1.1     lukem 				err = ber_printf( ber, "{iti",  /* '}' */
    235  1.1     lukem 					i,
    236  1.1     lukem 					LDAP_REQ_ABANDON, msgid );
    237  1.1     lukem 			}
    238  1.1     lukem 
    239  1.1     lukem 			if ( err == -1 ) {
    240  1.1     lukem 				/* encoding error */
    241  1.1     lukem 				ld->ld_errno = LDAP_ENCODING_ERROR;
    242  1.1     lukem 
    243  1.1     lukem 			} else {
    244  1.1     lukem 				/* Put Server Controls */
    245  1.1     lukem 				if ( ldap_int_put_controls( ld, sctrls, ber )
    246  1.1     lukem 					!= LDAP_SUCCESS )
    247  1.1     lukem 				{
    248  1.1     lukem 					err = -1;
    249  1.1     lukem 
    250  1.1     lukem 				} else {
    251  1.1     lukem 					/* close '{' */
    252  1.1     lukem 					err = ber_printf( ber, /*{*/ "N}" );
    253  1.1     lukem 
    254  1.1     lukem 					if ( err == -1 ) {
    255  1.1     lukem 						/* encoding error */
    256  1.1     lukem 						ld->ld_errno = LDAP_ENCODING_ERROR;
    257  1.1     lukem 					}
    258  1.1     lukem 				}
    259  1.1     lukem 			}
    260  1.1     lukem 
    261  1.1     lukem 			if ( err == -1 ) {
    262  1.1     lukem 				ber_free( ber, 1 );
    263  1.1     lukem 
    264  1.1     lukem 			} else {
    265  1.1     lukem 				/* send the message */
    266  1.1     lukem 				if ( lr != NULL ) {
    267  1.1     lukem 					assert( lr->lr_conn != NULL );
    268  1.1     lukem 					sb = lr->lr_conn->lconn_sb;
    269  1.1     lukem 				} else {
    270  1.1     lukem 					sb = ld->ld_sb;
    271  1.1     lukem 				}
    272  1.1     lukem 
    273  1.1     lukem 				if ( ber_flush2( sb, ber, LBER_FLUSH_FREE_ALWAYS ) != 0 ) {
    274  1.1     lukem 					ld->ld_errno = LDAP_SERVER_DOWN;
    275  1.1     lukem 					err = -1;
    276  1.1     lukem 				} else {
    277  1.1     lukem 					err = 0;
    278  1.1     lukem 				}
    279  1.1     lukem 			}
    280  1.1     lukem 		}
    281  1.1     lukem 	}
    282  1.1     lukem 
    283  1.1     lukem 	if ( lr != NULL ) {
    284  1.2  christos 		LDAPConn *lc;
    285  1.2  christos 		int freeconn = 0;
    286  1.1     lukem 		if ( sendabandon || lr->lr_status == LDAP_REQST_WRITING ) {
    287  1.2  christos 			freeconn = 1;
    288  1.2  christos 			lc = lr->lr_conn;
    289  1.1     lukem 		}
    290  1.1     lukem 		if ( origid == msgid ) {
    291  1.1     lukem 			ldap_free_request( ld, lr );
    292  1.1     lukem 
    293  1.1     lukem 		} else {
    294  1.1     lukem 			lr->lr_abandoned = 1;
    295  1.1     lukem 		}
    296  1.2  christos 
    297  1.2  christos 		if ( freeconn ) {
    298  1.2  christos 			/* release ld_req_mutex while grabbing ld_conn_mutex to
    299  1.2  christos 			 * prevent deadlock.
    300  1.2  christos 			 */
    301  1.2  christos 			LDAP_MUTEX_UNLOCK( &ld->ld_req_mutex );
    302  1.2  christos 			LDAP_MUTEX_LOCK( &ld->ld_conn_mutex );
    303  1.2  christos 			ldap_free_connection( ld, lc, 0, 1 );
    304  1.2  christos 			LDAP_MUTEX_UNLOCK( &ld->ld_conn_mutex );
    305  1.2  christos 			LDAP_MUTEX_LOCK( &ld->ld_req_mutex );
    306  1.2  christos 		}
    307  1.1     lukem 	}
    308  1.1     lukem 
    309  1.2  christos 	LDAP_MUTEX_LOCK( &ld->ld_abandon_mutex );
    310  1.1     lukem 
    311  1.1     lukem 	/* use bisection */
    312  1.1     lukem 	i = 0;
    313  1.1     lukem 	if ( ld->ld_nabandoned == 0 ||
    314  1.1     lukem 		ldap_int_bisect_find( ld->ld_abandoned, ld->ld_nabandoned, msgid, &i ) == 0 )
    315  1.1     lukem 	{
    316  1.1     lukem 		ldap_int_bisect_insert( &ld->ld_abandoned, &ld->ld_nabandoned, msgid, i );
    317  1.1     lukem 	}
    318  1.1     lukem 
    319  1.1     lukem 	if ( err != -1 ) {
    320  1.1     lukem 		ld->ld_errno = LDAP_SUCCESS;
    321  1.1     lukem 	}
    322  1.1     lukem 
    323  1.2  christos 	LDAP_MUTEX_UNLOCK( &ld->ld_abandon_mutex );
    324  1.1     lukem 	return( ld->ld_errno );
    325  1.1     lukem }
    326  1.1     lukem 
    327  1.1     lukem /*
    328  1.1     lukem  * ldap_int_bisect_find
    329  1.1     lukem  *
    330  1.1     lukem  * args:
    331  1.1     lukem  *	v:	array of length n (in)
    332  1.1     lukem  *	n:	length of array v (in)
    333  1.1     lukem  *	id:	value to look for (in)
    334  1.1     lukem  *	idxp:	pointer to location of value/insert point
    335  1.1     lukem  *
    336  1.1     lukem  * return:
    337  1.1     lukem  *	0:	not found
    338  1.1     lukem  *	1:	found
    339  1.1     lukem  *	-1:	error
    340  1.1     lukem  */
    341  1.1     lukem int
    342  1.1     lukem ldap_int_bisect_find( ber_int_t *v, ber_len_t n, ber_int_t id, int *idxp )
    343  1.1     lukem {
    344  1.1     lukem 	int		begin,
    345  1.1     lukem 			end,
    346  1.1     lukem 			rc = 0;
    347  1.1     lukem 
    348  1.1     lukem 	assert( id >= 0 );
    349  1.1     lukem 
    350  1.1     lukem 	begin = 0;
    351  1.1     lukem 	end = n - 1;
    352  1.1     lukem 
    353  1.1     lukem 		if ( n <= 0 || id < v[ begin ] ) {
    354  1.1     lukem 			*idxp = 0;
    355  1.1     lukem 
    356  1.1     lukem 		} else if ( id > v[ end ] ) {
    357  1.1     lukem 			*idxp = n;
    358  1.1     lukem 
    359  1.1     lukem 		} else {
    360  1.1     lukem 			int		pos;
    361  1.1     lukem 			ber_int_t	curid;
    362  1.1     lukem 
    363  1.1     lukem 			do {
    364  1.1     lukem 				pos = (begin + end)/2;
    365  1.1     lukem 				curid = v[ pos ];
    366  1.1     lukem 
    367  1.1     lukem 				if ( id < curid ) {
    368  1.1     lukem 					end = pos - 1;
    369  1.1     lukem 
    370  1.1     lukem 				} else if ( id > curid ) {
    371  1.1     lukem 					begin = ++pos;
    372  1.1     lukem 
    373  1.1     lukem 				} else {
    374  1.1     lukem 					/* already abandoned? */
    375  1.1     lukem 					rc = 1;
    376  1.1     lukem 					break;
    377  1.1     lukem 				}
    378  1.1     lukem 			} while ( end >= begin );
    379  1.1     lukem 
    380  1.1     lukem 			*idxp = pos;
    381  1.1     lukem 		}
    382  1.1     lukem 
    383  1.1     lukem 	return rc;
    384  1.1     lukem }
    385  1.1     lukem 
    386  1.1     lukem /*
    387  1.1     lukem  * ldap_int_bisect_insert
    388  1.1     lukem  *
    389  1.1     lukem  * args:
    390  1.1     lukem  *	vp:	pointer to array of length *np (in/out)
    391  1.1     lukem  *	np:	pointer to length of array *vp (in/out)
    392  1.1     lukem  *	id:	value to insert (in)
    393  1.1     lukem  *	idx:	location of insert point (as computed by ldap_int_bisect_find())
    394  1.1     lukem  *
    395  1.1     lukem  * return:
    396  1.1     lukem  *	0:	inserted
    397  1.1     lukem  *	-1:	error
    398  1.1     lukem  */
    399  1.1     lukem int
    400  1.1     lukem ldap_int_bisect_insert( ber_int_t **vp, ber_len_t *np, int id, int idx )
    401  1.1     lukem {
    402  1.1     lukem 	ber_int_t	*v;
    403  1.1     lukem 	ber_len_t	n;
    404  1.1     lukem 	int		i;
    405  1.1     lukem 
    406  1.1     lukem 	assert( vp != NULL );
    407  1.1     lukem 	assert( np != NULL );
    408  1.1     lukem 	assert( idx >= 0 );
    409  1.2  christos 	assert( (unsigned) idx <= *np );
    410  1.1     lukem 
    411  1.1     lukem 	n = *np;
    412  1.1     lukem 
    413  1.1     lukem 	v = ber_memrealloc( *vp, sizeof( ber_int_t ) * ( n + 1 ) );
    414  1.1     lukem 	if ( v == NULL ) {
    415  1.1     lukem 		return -1;
    416  1.1     lukem 	}
    417  1.1     lukem 	*vp = v;
    418  1.1     lukem 
    419  1.1     lukem 	for ( i = n; i > idx; i-- ) {
    420  1.1     lukem 		v[ i ] = v[ i - 1 ];
    421  1.1     lukem 	}
    422  1.1     lukem 	v[ idx ] = id;
    423  1.1     lukem 	++(*np);
    424  1.1     lukem 
    425  1.1     lukem 	return 0;
    426  1.1     lukem }
    427  1.1     lukem 
    428  1.1     lukem /*
    429  1.1     lukem  * ldap_int_bisect_delete
    430  1.1     lukem  *
    431  1.1     lukem  * args:
    432  1.1     lukem  *	vp:	pointer to array of length *np (in/out)
    433  1.1     lukem  *	np:	pointer to length of array *vp (in/out)
    434  1.1     lukem  *	id:	value to delete (in)
    435  1.1     lukem  *	idx:	location of value to delete (as computed by ldap_int_bisect_find())
    436  1.1     lukem  *
    437  1.1     lukem  * return:
    438  1.1     lukem  *	0:	deleted
    439  1.1     lukem  */
    440  1.1     lukem int
    441  1.1     lukem ldap_int_bisect_delete( ber_int_t **vp, ber_len_t *np, int id, int idx )
    442  1.1     lukem {
    443  1.1     lukem 	ber_int_t	*v;
    444  1.2  christos 	ber_len_t	i, n;
    445  1.1     lukem 
    446  1.1     lukem 	assert( vp != NULL );
    447  1.1     lukem 	assert( np != NULL );
    448  1.1     lukem 	assert( idx >= 0 );
    449  1.2  christos 	assert( (unsigned) idx < *np );
    450  1.1     lukem 
    451  1.1     lukem 	v = *vp;
    452  1.1     lukem 
    453  1.1     lukem 	assert( v[ idx ] == id );
    454  1.1     lukem 
    455  1.1     lukem 	--(*np);
    456  1.1     lukem 	n = *np;
    457  1.1     lukem 
    458  1.1     lukem 	for ( i = idx; i < n; i++ ) {
    459  1.1     lukem 		v[ i ] = v[ i + 1 ];
    460  1.1     lukem 	}
    461  1.1     lukem 
    462  1.1     lukem 	return 0;
    463  1.1     lukem }
    464