1 1.1 christos GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 1.1 christos Version 2, June 1991 3 1.1 christos 4 1.1 christos Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 1.1 christos 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, 6 1.1 christos Boston, MA 02110-13017, USA 7 1.1 christos Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 8 1.1 christos of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 9 1.1 christos 10 1.1 christos Preamble 11 1.1 christos 12 1.1 christos The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 13 1.1 christos freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 14 1.1 christos License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 15 1.1 christos software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 16 1.1 christos General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 17 1.1 christos Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 18 1.1 christos using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 19 1.1 christos the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 20 1.1 christos your programs, too. 21 1.1 christos 22 1.1 christos When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 23 1.1 christos price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 24 1.1 christos have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 25 1.1 christos this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 26 1.1 christos if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 27 1.1 christos in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 28 1.1 christos 29 1.1 christos To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 30 1.1 christos anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 31 1.1 christos These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 32 1.1 christos distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 33 1.1 christos 34 1.1 christos For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 35 1.1 christos gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 36 1.1 christos you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 37 1.1 christos source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 38 1.1 christos rights. 39 1.1 christos 40 1.1 christos We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 41 1.1 christos (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 42 1.1 christos distribute and/or modify the software. 43 1.1 christos 44 1.1 christos Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 45 1.1 christos that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 46 1.1 christos software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 47 1.1 christos want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 48 1.1 christos that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 49 1.1 christos authors' reputations. 50 1.1 christos 51 1.1 christos Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 52 1.1 christos patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 53 1.1 christos program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 54 1.1 christos program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 55 1.1 christos patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 56 1.1 christos 57 1.1 christos The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 58 1.1 christos modification follow. 59 1.1 christos 61 1.1 christos GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 62 1.1 christos TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 63 1.1 christos 64 1.1 christos 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains 65 1.1 christos a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 66 1.1 christos under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, 67 1.1 christos refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" 68 1.1 christos means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 69 1.1 christos that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 70 1.1 christos either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 71 1.1 christos language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 72 1.1 christos the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". 73 1.1 christos 74 1.1 christos Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 75 1.1 christos covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 76 1.1 christos running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 77 1.1 christos is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 78 1.1 christos Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 79 1.1 christos Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 80 1.1 christos 81 1.1 christos 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 82 1.1 christos source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 83 1.1 christos conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 84 1.1 christos copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 85 1.1 christos notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 86 1.1 christos and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 87 1.1 christos along with the Program. 88 1.1 christos 89 1.1 christos You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 90 1.1 christos you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 91 1.1 christos 92 1.1 christos 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 93 1.1 christos of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 94 1.1 christos distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 95 1.1 christos above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 96 1.1 christos 97 1.1 christos a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 98 1.1 christos stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 99 1.1 christos 100 1.1 christos b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 101 1.1 christos whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 102 1.1 christos part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 103 1.1 christos parties under the terms of this License. 104 1.1 christos 105 1.1 christos c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 106 1.1 christos when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 107 1.1 christos interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 108 1.1 christos announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 109 1.1 christos notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide 110 1.1 christos a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 111 1.1 christos these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this 112 1.1 christos License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but 113 1.1 christos does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on 114 1.1 christos the Program is not required to print an announcement.) 115 1.1 christos 117 1.1 christos These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 118 1.1 christos identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 119 1.1 christos and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 120 1.1 christos themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 121 1.1 christos sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 122 1.1 christos distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 123 1.1 christos on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 124 1.1 christos this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 125 1.1 christos entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 126 1.1 christos 127 1.1 christos Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 128 1.1 christos your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 129 1.1 christos exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 130 1.1 christos collective works based on the Program. 131 1.1 christos 132 1.1 christos In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program 133 1.1 christos with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of 134 1.1 christos a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under 135 1.1 christos the scope of this License. 136 1.1 christos 137 1.1 christos 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 138 1.1 christos under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 139 1.1 christos Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 140 1.1 christos 141 1.1 christos a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 142 1.1 christos source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 143 1.1 christos 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 144 1.1 christos 145 1.1 christos b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 146 1.1 christos years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 147 1.1 christos cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 148 1.1 christos machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 149 1.1 christos distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 150 1.1 christos customarily used for software interchange; or, 151 1.1 christos 152 1.1 christos c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 153 1.1 christos to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is 154 1.1 christos allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you 155 1.1 christos received the program in object code or executable form with such 156 1.1 christos an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) 157 1.1 christos 158 1.1 christos The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 159 1.1 christos making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 160 1.1 christos code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 161 1.1 christos associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 162 1.1 christos control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a 163 1.1 christos special exception, the source code distributed need not include 164 1.1 christos anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 165 1.1 christos form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 166 1.1 christos operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 167 1.1 christos itself accompanies the executable. 168 1.1 christos 169 1.1 christos If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 170 1.1 christos access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 171 1.1 christos access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 172 1.1 christos distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 173 1.1 christos compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 174 1.1 christos 176 1.1 christos 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 177 1.1 christos except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 178 1.1 christos otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 179 1.1 christos void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 180 1.1 christos However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 181 1.1 christos this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 182 1.1 christos parties remain in full compliance. 183 1.1 christos 184 1.1 christos 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 185 1.1 christos signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 186 1.1 christos distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 187 1.1 christos prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 188 1.1 christos modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 189 1.1 christos Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 190 1.1 christos all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying 191 1.1 christos the Program or works based on it. 192 1.1 christos 193 1.1 christos 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 194 1.1 christos Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 195 1.1 christos original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 196 1.1 christos these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 197 1.1 christos restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 198 1.1 christos You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to 199 1.1 christos this License. 200 1.1 christos 201 1.1 christos 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 202 1.1 christos infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 203 1.1 christos conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 204 1.1 christos otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 205 1.1 christos excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 206 1.1 christos distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 207 1.1 christos License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 208 1.1 christos may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 209 1.1 christos license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 210 1.1 christos all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 211 1.1 christos the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 212 1.1 christos refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 213 1.1 christos 214 1.1 christos If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 215 1.1 christos any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to 216 1.1 christos apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 217 1.1 christos circumstances. 218 1.1 christos 219 1.1 christos It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 220 1.1 christos patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 221 1.1 christos such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 222 1.1 christos integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 223 1.1 christos implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 224 1.1 christos generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 225 1.1 christos through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 226 1.1 christos system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 227 1.1 christos to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot 228 1.1 christos impose that choice. 229 1.1 christos 230 1.1 christos This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 231 1.1 christos be a consequence of the rest of this License. 232 1.1 christos 234 1.1 christos 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 235 1.1 christos certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 236 1.1 christos original copyright holder who places the Program under this License 237 1.1 christos may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 238 1.1 christos those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 239 1.1 christos countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 240 1.1 christos the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 241 1.1 christos 242 1.1 christos 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 243 1.1 christos of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 244 1.1 christos be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 245 1.1 christos address new problems or concerns. 246 1.1 christos 247 1.1 christos Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 248 1.1 christos specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 249 1.1 christos later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 250 1.1 christos either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 251 1.1 christos Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 252 1.1 christos this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 253 1.1 christos Foundation. 254 1.1 christos 255 1.1 christos 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 256 1.1 christos programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 257 1.1 christos to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 258 1.1 christos Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 259 1.1 christos make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 260 1.1 christos of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 261 1.1 christos of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 262 1.1 christos 263 1.1 christos NO WARRANTY 264 1.1 christos 265 1.1 christos 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 266 1.1 christos FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 267 1.1 christos OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 268 1.1 christos PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 269 1.1 christos OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 270 1.1 christos MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 271 1.1 christos TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 272 1.1 christos PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 273 1.1 christos REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 274 1.1 christos 275 1.1 christos 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 276 1.1 christos WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 277 1.1 christos REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 278 1.1 christos INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 279 1.1 christos OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 280 1.1 christos TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 281 1.1 christos YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 282 1.1 christos PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 283 1.1 christos POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 284 1.1 christos 285 1.1 christos END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 286 1.1 christos 288 1.1 christos How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 289 1.1 christos 290 1.1 christos If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 291 1.1 christos possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 292 1.1 christos free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 293 1.1 christos 294 1.1 christos To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 295 1.1 christos to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 296 1.1 christos convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 297 1.1 christos the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 298 1.1 christos 299 1.1 christos <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> 300 1.1 christos Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author> 301 1.1 christos 302 1.1 christos This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 303 1.1 christos it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 304 1.1 christos the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 305 1.1 christos (at your option) any later version. 306 1.1 christos 307 1.1 christos This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 308 1.1 christos but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 309 1.1 christos MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 310 1.1 christos GNU General Public License for more details. 311 1.1 christos 312 1.1 christos You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 313 1.1 christos along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 314 1.1 christos Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA 315 1.1 christos 316 1.1 christos 317 1.1 christos Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 318 1.1 christos 319 1.1 christos If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 320 1.1 christos when it starts in an interactive mode: 321 1.1 christos 322 1.1 christos Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author 323 1.1 christos Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 324 1.1 christos This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 325 1.1 christos under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 326 1.1 christos 327 1.1 christos The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 328 1.1 christos parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 329 1.1 christos be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 330 1.1 christos mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 331 1.1 christos 332 1.1 christos You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 333 1.1 christos school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 334 1.1 christos necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 335 1.1 christos 336 1.1 christos Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 337 1.1 christos `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 338 1.1 christos 339 1.1 christos <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 340 1.1 christos Ty Coon, President of Vice 341 1.1 christos 342 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 343 proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 344 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 345 library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General 346 Public License instead of this License. 347