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25 1.13 mrg <title>Prerequisites for GCC</title>
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63 1.11 mrg <body lang="en">
64 1.13 mrg <h1 class="settitle" align="center">Prerequisites for GCC</h1>
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80 1.11 mrg
81 1.11 mrg
82 1.14 mrg <a name="index-Prerequisites"></a>
83 1.11 mrg
84 1.11 mrg <p>GCC requires that various tools and packages be available for use in the
85 1.10 mrg build procedure. Modifying GCC sources requires additional tools
86 1.10 mrg described below.
87 1.11 mrg </p>
88 1.14 mrg <a name="Tools_002fpackages-necessary-for-building-GCC"></a>
89 1.14 mrg <h3 class="heading">Tools/packages necessary for building GCC</h3>
90 1.11 mrg <dl compact="compact">
91 1.15 mrg <dt>ISO C++11 compiler</dt>
92 1.15 mrg <dd><p>Necessary to bootstrap GCC. GCC 4.8.3 or newer has sufficient
93 1.15 mrg support for used C++11 features, with earlier GCC versions you
94 1.15 mrg might run into implementation bugs.
95 1.15 mrg </p>
96 1.15 mrg <p>Versions of GCC prior to 11 also allow bootstrapping with an ISO C++98
97 1.15 mrg compiler, versions of GCC prior to 4.8 also allow bootstrapping with a
98 1.15 mrg ISO C89 compiler, and versions of GCC prior to 3.4 also allow
99 1.15 mrg bootstrapping with a traditional (K&R) C compiler.
100 1.11 mrg </p>
101 1.11 mrg <p>To build all languages in a cross-compiler or other configuration where
102 1.1 mrg 3-stage bootstrap is not performed, you need to start with an existing
103 1.15 mrg GCC binary (version 4.8.3 or later) because source code for language
104 1.1 mrg frontends other than C might use GCC extensions.
105 1.11 mrg </p>
106 1.11 mrg </dd>
107 1.14 mrg <dt>C standard library and headers</dt>
108 1.11 mrg <dd>
109 1.11 mrg <p>In order to build GCC, the C standard library and headers must be present
110 1.5 mrg for all target variants for which target libraries will be built (and not
111 1.5 mrg only the variant of the host C++ compiler).
112 1.11 mrg </p>
113 1.12 mrg <p>This affects the popular ‘<samp>x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</samp>’ platform (among
114 1.11 mrg other multilib targets), for which 64-bit (‘<samp>x86_64</samp>’) and 32-bit
115 1.11 mrg (‘<samp>i386</samp>’) libc headers are usually packaged separately. If you do a
116 1.12 mrg build of a native compiler on ‘<samp>x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</samp>’, make sure you
117 1.5 mrg either have the 32-bit libc developer package properly installed (the exact
118 1.5 mrg name of the package depends on your distro) or you must build GCC as a
119 1.5 mrg 64-bit only compiler by configuring with the option
120 1.11 mrg <samp>--disable-multilib</samp>. Otherwise, you may encounter an error such as
121 1.11 mrg ‘<samp>fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file</samp>’
122 1.11 mrg </p>
123 1.11 mrg </dd>
124 1.14 mrg <dt><a name="GNAT-prerequisite"></a>GNAT</dt>
125 1.11 mrg <dd>
126 1.13 mrg <p>In order to build GNAT, the Ada compiler, you need a working GNAT
127 1.15 mrg compiler (GCC version 5.1 or later).
128 1.13 mrg </p>
129 1.13 mrg <p>This includes GNAT tools such as <code>gnatmake</code> and
130 1.13 mrg <code>gnatlink</code>, since the Ada front end is written in Ada and
131 1.13 mrg uses some GNAT-specific extensions.
132 1.13 mrg </p>
133 1.13 mrg <p>In order to build a cross compiler, it is strongly recommended to install
134 1.13 mrg the new compiler as native first, and then use it to build the cross
135 1.13 mrg compiler. Other native compiler versions may work but this is not guaranteed and
136 1.13 mrg will typically fail with hard to understand compilation errors during the
137 1.13 mrg build.
138 1.13 mrg </p>
139 1.13 mrg <p>Similarly, it is strongly recommended to use an older version of GNAT to build
140 1.13 mrg GNAT. More recent versions of GNAT than the version built are not guaranteed
141 1.13 mrg to work and will often fail during the build with compilation errors.
142 1.13 mrg </p>
143 1.13 mrg <p>Note that <code>configure</code> does not test whether the GNAT installation works
144 1.13 mrg and has a sufficiently recent version; if too old a GNAT version is
145 1.13 mrg installed and <samp>--enable-languages=ada</samp> is used, the build will fail.
146 1.13 mrg </p>
147 1.13 mrg <p><code>ADA_INCLUDE_PATH</code> and <code>ADA_OBJECT_PATH</code> environment variables
148 1.13 mrg must not be set when building the Ada compiler, the Ada tools, or the
149 1.13 mrg Ada runtime libraries. You can check that your build environment is clean
150 1.13 mrg by verifying that ‘<samp>gnatls -v</samp>’ lists only one explicit path in each
151 1.13 mrg section.
152 1.11 mrg </p>
153 1.11 mrg </dd>
154 1.15 mrg <dt><a name="GDC-prerequisite"></a>GDC</dt>
155 1.15 mrg <dd>
156 1.15 mrg <p>In order to build GDC, the D compiler, you need a working GDC
157 1.15 mrg compiler (GCC version 9.4 or later) and D runtime library,
158 1.15 mrg ‘<samp>libphobos</samp>’, as the D front end is written in D.
159 1.15 mrg </p>
160 1.15 mrg <p>Versions of GDC prior to 12 can be built with an ISO C++11 compiler, which can
161 1.15 mrg then be installed and used to bootstrap newer versions of the D front end.
162 1.15 mrg </p>
163 1.15 mrg <p>It is strongly recommended to use an older version of GDC to build GDC. More
164 1.15 mrg recent versions of GDC than the version built are not guaranteed to work and
165 1.15 mrg will often fail during the build with compilation errors relating to
166 1.15 mrg deprecations or removed features.
167 1.15 mrg </p>
168 1.15 mrg <p>Note that <code>configure</code> does not test whether the GDC installation works
169 1.15 mrg and has a sufficiently recent version. Though the implementation of the D
170 1.15 mrg front end does not make use of any GDC-specific extensions, or novel features
171 1.15 mrg of the D language, if too old a GDC version is installed and
172 1.15 mrg <samp>--enable-languages=d</samp> is used, the build will fail.
173 1.15 mrg </p>
174 1.15 mrg <p>On some targets, ‘<samp>libphobos</samp>’ isn’t enabled by default, but compiles
175 1.15 mrg and works if <samp>--enable-libphobos</samp> is used. Specifics are
176 1.15 mrg documented for affected targets.
177 1.15 mrg </p>
178 1.15 mrg </dd>
179 1.14 mrg <dt>A “working” POSIX compatible shell, or GNU bash</dt>
180 1.11 mrg <dd>
181 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary when running <code>configure</code> because some
182 1.11 mrg <code>/bin/sh</code> shells have bugs and may crash when configuring the
183 1.11 mrg target libraries. In other cases, <code>/bin/sh</code> or <code>ksh</code>
184 1.1 mrg have disastrous corner-case performance problems. This
185 1.11 mrg can cause target <code>configure</code> runs to literally take days to
186 1.1 mrg complete in some cases.
187 1.11 mrg </p>
188 1.11 mrg <p>So on some platforms <code>/bin/ksh</code> is sufficient, on others it
189 1.11 mrg isn’t. See the host/target specific instructions for your platform, or
190 1.11 mrg use <code>bash</code> to be sure. Then set <code>CONFIG_SHELL</code> in your
191 1.1 mrg environment to your “good” shell prior to running
192 1.11 mrg <code>configure</code>/<code>make</code>.
193 1.11 mrg </p>
194 1.11 mrg <p><code>zsh</code> is not a fully compliant POSIX shell and will not
195 1.1 mrg work when configuring GCC.
196 1.11 mrg </p>
197 1.11 mrg </dd>
198 1.14 mrg <dt>A POSIX or SVR4 awk</dt>
199 1.11 mrg <dd>
200 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary for creating some of the generated source files for GCC.
201 1.1 mrg If in doubt, use a recent GNU awk version, as some of the older ones
202 1.1 mrg are broken. GNU awk version 3.1.5 is known to work.
203 1.11 mrg </p>
204 1.11 mrg </dd>
205 1.14 mrg <dt>GNU binutils</dt>
206 1.11 mrg <dd>
207 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary in some circumstances, optional in others. See the
208 1.1 mrg host/target specific instructions for your platform for the exact
209 1.1 mrg requirements.
210 1.11 mrg </p>
211 1.15 mrg <p>Note binutils 2.35 or newer is required for LTO to work correctly
212 1.15 mrg with GNU libtool that includes doing a bootstrap with LTO enabled.
213 1.15 mrg </p>
214 1.11 mrg </dd>
215 1.14 mrg <dt>gzip version 1.2.4 (or later) or</dt>
216 1.14 mrg <dt>bzip2 version 1.0.2 (or later)</dt>
217 1.11 mrg <dd>
218 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to uncompress GCC <code>tar</code> files when source code is
219 1.13 mrg obtained via HTTPS mirror sites.
220 1.11 mrg </p>
221 1.11 mrg </dd>
222 1.14 mrg <dt>GNU make version 3.80 (or later)</dt>
223 1.11 mrg <dd>
224 1.11 mrg <p>You must have GNU make installed to build GCC.
225 1.11 mrg </p>
226 1.11 mrg </dd>
227 1.14 mrg <dt>GNU tar version 1.14 (or later)</dt>
228 1.11 mrg <dd>
229 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary (only on some platforms) to untar the source code. Many
230 1.11 mrg systems’ <code>tar</code> programs will also work, only try GNU
231 1.11 mrg <code>tar</code> if you have problems.
232 1.11 mrg </p>
233 1.11 mrg </dd>
234 1.14 mrg <dt>Perl version between 5.6.1 and 5.6.24</dt>
235 1.11 mrg <dd>
236 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary when targeting Darwin, building ‘<samp>libstdc++</samp>’,
237 1.11 mrg and not using <samp>--disable-symvers</samp>.
238 1.13 mrg Necessary when targeting Solaris 2 with Solaris <code>ld</code> and not using
239 1.13 mrg <samp>--disable-symvers</samp>.
240 1.11 mrg </p>
241 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary when regenerating <samp>Makefile</samp> dependencies in libiberty.
242 1.11 mrg Necessary when regenerating <samp>libiberty/functions.texi</samp>.
243 1.11 mrg Necessary when generating manpages from Texinfo manuals.
244 1.11 mrg Used by various scripts to generate some files included in the source
245 1.11 mrg repository (mainly Unicode-related and rarely changing) from source
246 1.11 mrg tables.
247 1.11 mrg </p>
248 1.11 mrg <p>Used by <code>automake</code>.
249 1.11 mrg </p>
250 1.15 mrg <p>If available, enables parallel testing of ‘<samp>libgomp</samp>’ in case that
251 1.15 mrg <code>flock</code> is not available.
252 1.15 mrg </p>
253 1.11 mrg </dd>
254 1.3 mrg </dl>
255 1.3 mrg
256 1.11 mrg <p>Several support libraries are necessary to build GCC, some are required,
257 1.3 mrg others optional. While any sufficiently new version of required tools
258 1.3 mrg usually work, library requirements are generally stricter. Newer
259 1.11 mrg versions may work in some cases, but it’s safer to use the exact
260 1.3 mrg versions documented. We appreciate bug reports about problems with
261 1.3 mrg newer versions, though. If your OS vendor provides packages for the
262 1.3 mrg support libraries then using those packages may be the simplest way to
263 1.3 mrg install the libraries.
264 1.11 mrg </p>
265 1.11 mrg <dl compact="compact">
266 1.14 mrg <dt>GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.3.2 (or later)</dt>
267 1.11 mrg <dd>
268 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to build GCC. If a GMP source distribution is found in a
269 1.11 mrg subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>gmp</samp>, it will be built
270 1.3 mrg together with GCC. Alternatively, if GMP is already installed but it
271 1.3 mrg is not in your library search path, you will have to configure with the
272 1.11 mrg <samp>--with-gmp</samp> configure option. See also <samp>--with-gmp-lib</samp>
273 1.11 mrg and <samp>--with-gmp-include</samp>.
274 1.10 mrg The in-tree build is only supported with the GMP version that
275 1.10 mrg download_prerequisites installs.
276 1.11 mrg </p>
277 1.11 mrg </dd>
278 1.14 mrg <dt>MPFR Library version 3.1.0 (or later)</dt>
279 1.11 mrg <dd>
280 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
281 1.12 mrg <a href="https://www.mpfr.org">https://www.mpfr.org</a>. If an MPFR source distribution is found
282 1.11 mrg in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>mpfr</samp>, it will be
283 1.3 mrg built together with GCC. Alternatively, if MPFR is already installed
284 1.3 mrg but it is not in your default library search path, the
285 1.11 mrg <samp>--with-mpfr</samp> configure option should be used. See also
286 1.11 mrg <samp>--with-mpfr-lib</samp> and <samp>--with-mpfr-include</samp>.
287 1.10 mrg The in-tree build is only supported with the MPFR version that
288 1.10 mrg download_prerequisites installs.
289 1.11 mrg </p>
290 1.11 mrg </dd>
291 1.14 mrg <dt>MPC Library version 1.0.1 (or later)</dt>
292 1.11 mrg <dd>
293 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
294 1.15 mrg <a href="https://www.multiprecision.org/mpc/">https://www.multiprecision.org/mpc/</a>. If an MPC source distribution
295 1.11 mrg is found in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>mpc</samp>, it
296 1.3 mrg will be built together with GCC. Alternatively, if MPC is already
297 1.3 mrg installed but it is not in your default library search path, the
298 1.11 mrg <samp>--with-mpc</samp> configure option should be used. See also
299 1.11 mrg <samp>--with-mpc-lib</samp> and <samp>--with-mpc-include</samp>.
300 1.10 mrg The in-tree build is only supported with the MPC version that
301 1.10 mrg download_prerequisites installs.
302 1.11 mrg </p>
303 1.11 mrg </dd>
304 1.14 mrg <dt>isl Library version 0.15 or later.</dt>
305 1.11 mrg <dd>
306 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to build GCC with the Graphite loop optimizations.
307 1.13 mrg It can be downloaded from <a href="https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/">https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/</a>.
308 1.7 mrg If an isl source distribution is found
309 1.11 mrg in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>isl</samp>, it will be
310 1.11 mrg built together with GCC. Alternatively, the <samp>--with-isl</samp> configure
311 1.7 mrg option should be used if isl is not installed in your default library
312 1.5 mrg search path.
313 1.11 mrg </p>
314 1.11 mrg </dd>
315 1.14 mrg <dt>zstd Library.</dt>
316 1.13 mrg <dd>
317 1.13 mrg <p>Necessary to build GCC with zstd compression used for LTO bytecode.
318 1.13 mrg The library is searched in your default library patch search.
319 1.13 mrg Alternatively, the <samp>--with-zstd</samp> configure option should be used.
320 1.13 mrg </p>
321 1.13 mrg </dd>
322 1.11 mrg </dl>
323 1.1 mrg
324 1.14 mrg <a name="Tools_002fpackages-necessary-for-modifying-GCC"></a>
325 1.14 mrg <h3 class="heading">Tools/packages necessary for modifying GCC</h3>
326 1.11 mrg <dl compact="compact">
327 1.14 mrg <dt>autoconf version 2.69</dt>
328 1.14 mrg <dt>GNU m4 version 1.4.6 (or later)</dt>
329 1.11 mrg <dd>
330 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary when modifying <samp>configure.ac</samp>, <samp>aclocal.m4</samp>, etc.
331 1.11 mrg to regenerate <samp>configure</samp> and <samp>config.in</samp> files.
332 1.11 mrg </p>
333 1.11 mrg </dd>
334 1.14 mrg <dt>automake version 1.15.1</dt>
335 1.11 mrg <dd>
336 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary when modifying a <samp>Makefile.am</samp> file to regenerate its
337 1.11 mrg associated <samp>Makefile.in</samp>.
338 1.11 mrg </p>
339 1.11 mrg <p>Much of GCC does not use automake, so directly edit the <samp>Makefile.in</samp>
340 1.11 mrg file. Specifically this applies to the <samp>gcc</samp>, <samp>intl</samp>,
341 1.11 mrg <samp>libcpp</samp>, <samp>libiberty</samp>, <samp>libobjc</samp> directories as well
342 1.1 mrg as any of their subdirectories.
343 1.11 mrg </p>
344 1.11 mrg <p>For directories that use automake, GCC requires the latest release in
345 1.12 mrg the 1.15 series, which is currently 1.15.1. When regenerating a directory
346 1.12 mrg to a newer version, please update all the directories using an older 1.15
347 1.1 mrg to the latest released version.
348 1.11 mrg </p>
349 1.11 mrg </dd>
350 1.14 mrg <dt>gettext version 0.14.5 (or later)</dt>
351 1.11 mrg <dd>
352 1.11 mrg <p>Needed to regenerate <samp>gcc.pot</samp>.
353 1.11 mrg </p>
354 1.11 mrg </dd>
355 1.14 mrg <dt>gperf version 2.7.2 (or later)</dt>
356 1.11 mrg <dd>
357 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary when modifying <code>gperf</code> input files, e.g.
358 1.11 mrg <samp>gcc/cp/cfns.gperf</samp> to regenerate its associated header file, e.g.
359 1.11 mrg <samp>gcc/cp/cfns.h</samp>.
360 1.11 mrg </p>
361 1.11 mrg </dd>
362 1.15 mrg <dt>DejaGnu version 1.5.3 (or later)</dt>
363 1.14 mrg <dt>Expect</dt>
364 1.14 mrg <dt>Tcl</dt>
365 1.11 mrg <dd>
366 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to run the GCC testsuite; see the section on testing for
367 1.13 mrg details.
368 1.11 mrg </p>
369 1.11 mrg </dd>
370 1.14 mrg <dt>autogen version 5.5.4 (or later) and</dt>
371 1.14 mrg <dt>guile version 1.4.1 (or later)</dt>
372 1.11 mrg <dd>
373 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to regenerate <samp>fixinc/fixincl.x</samp> from
374 1.11 mrg <samp>fixinc/inclhack.def</samp> and <samp>fixinc/*.tpl</samp>.
375 1.11 mrg </p>
376 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to run ‘<samp>make check</samp>’ for <samp>fixinc</samp>.
377 1.11 mrg </p>
378 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to regenerate the top level <samp>Makefile.in</samp> file from
379 1.11 mrg <samp>Makefile.tpl</samp> and <samp>Makefile.def</samp>.
380 1.11 mrg </p>
381 1.11 mrg </dd>
382 1.14 mrg <dt>Flex version 2.5.4 (or later)</dt>
383 1.11 mrg <dd>
384 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary when modifying <samp>*.l</samp> files.
385 1.11 mrg </p>
386 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to build GCC during development because the generated output
387 1.11 mrg files are not included in the version-controlled source repository.
388 1.11 mrg They are included in releases.
389 1.11 mrg </p>
390 1.11 mrg </dd>
391 1.14 mrg <dt>Texinfo version 4.7 (or later)</dt>
392 1.11 mrg <dd>
393 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary for running <code>makeinfo</code> when modifying <samp>*.texi</samp>
394 1.11 mrg files to test your changes.
395 1.11 mrg </p>
396 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary for running <code>make dvi</code> or <code>make pdf</code> to
397 1.11 mrg create printable documentation in DVI or PDF format. Texinfo version
398 1.11 mrg 4.8 or later is required for <code>make pdf</code>.
399 1.11 mrg </p>
400 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to build GCC documentation during development because the
401 1.11 mrg generated output files are not included in the repository. They are
402 1.11 mrg included in releases.
403 1.11 mrg </p>
404 1.11 mrg </dd>
405 1.14 mrg <dt>TeX (any working version)</dt>
406 1.11 mrg <dd>
407 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary for running <code>texi2dvi</code> and <code>texi2pdf</code>, which
408 1.11 mrg are used when running <code>make dvi</code> or <code>make pdf</code> to create
409 1.11 mrg DVI or PDF files, respectively.
410 1.11 mrg </p>
411 1.11 mrg </dd>
412 1.14 mrg <dt>Sphinx version 1.0 (or later)</dt>
413 1.11 mrg <dd>
414 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to regenerate <samp>jit/docs/_build/texinfo</samp> from the <samp>.rst</samp>
415 1.11 mrg files in the directories below <samp>jit/docs</samp>.
416 1.11 mrg </p>
417 1.11 mrg </dd>
418 1.14 mrg <dt>git (any version)</dt>
419 1.14 mrg <dt>SSH (any version)</dt>
420 1.11 mrg <dd>
421 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary to access the source repository. Public releases and weekly
422 1.11 mrg snapshots of the development sources are also available via HTTPS.
423 1.11 mrg </p>
424 1.11 mrg </dd>
425 1.14 mrg <dt>GNU diffutils version 2.7 (or later)</dt>
426 1.11 mrg <dd>
427 1.11 mrg <p>Useful when submitting patches for the GCC source code.
428 1.11 mrg </p>
429 1.11 mrg </dd>
430 1.14 mrg <dt>patch version 2.5.4 (or later)</dt>
431 1.11 mrg <dd>
432 1.11 mrg <p>Necessary when applying patches, created with <code>diff</code>, to one’s
433 1.11 mrg own sources.
434 1.11 mrg </p>
435 1.11 mrg </dd>
436 1.11 mrg </dl>
437 1.10 mrg
438 1.11 mrg <hr />
439 1.11 mrg <p>
440 1.11 mrg <p><a href="./index.html">Return to the GCC Installation page</a>
441 1.11 mrg </p>
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454 1.11 mrg </body>
455 1.11 mrg </html>
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