1 1.1 christos GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 1.1 christos Version 2, June 1991 3 1.1 christos 4 1.1 christos Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 1.1 christos 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 6 1.1 christos Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 7 1.1 christos of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 8 1.1 christos 9 1.1 christos Preamble 10 1.1 christos 11 1.1 christos The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 12 1.1 christos freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 13 1.1 christos License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 14 1.1 christos software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 15 1.1 christos General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 16 1.1 christos Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 17 1.1 christos using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 18 1.1 christos the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 19 1.1 christos your programs, too. 20 1.1 christos 21 1.1 christos When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 22 1.1 christos price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 23 1.1 christos have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 24 1.1 christos this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 25 1.1 christos if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 26 1.1 christos in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 27 1.1 christos 28 1.1 christos To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 29 1.1 christos anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 30 1.1 christos These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 31 1.1 christos distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 32 1.1 christos 33 1.1 christos For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 34 1.1 christos gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 35 1.1 christos you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 36 1.1 christos source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 37 1.1 christos rights. 38 1.1 christos 39 1.1 christos We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 40 1.1 christos (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 41 1.1 christos distribute and/or modify the software. 42 1.1 christos 43 1.1 christos Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 44 1.1 christos that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 45 1.1 christos software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 46 1.1 christos want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 47 1.1 christos that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 48 1.1 christos authors' reputations. 49 1.1 christos 50 1.1 christos Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 51 1.1 christos patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 52 1.1 christos program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 53 1.1 christos program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 54 1.1 christos patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 55 1.1 christos 56 1.1 christos The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 57 1.1 christos modification follow. 58 1.1 christos 60 1.1 christos GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 61 1.1 christos TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 62 1.1 christos 63 1.1 christos 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains 64 1.1 christos a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 65 1.1 christos under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, 66 1.1 christos refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" 67 1.1 christos means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 68 1.1 christos that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 69 1.1 christos either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 70 1.1 christos language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 71 1.1 christos the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". 72 1.1 christos 73 1.1 christos Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 74 1.1 christos covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 75 1.1 christos running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 76 1.1 christos is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 77 1.1 christos Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 78 1.1 christos Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 79 1.1 christos 80 1.1 christos 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 81 1.1 christos source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 82 1.1 christos conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 83 1.1 christos copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 84 1.1 christos notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 85 1.1 christos and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 86 1.1 christos along with the Program. 87 1.1 christos 88 1.1 christos You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 89 1.1 christos you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 90 1.1 christos 91 1.1 christos 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 92 1.1 christos of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 93 1.1 christos distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 94 1.1 christos above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 95 1.1 christos 96 1.1 christos a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 97 1.1 christos stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 98 1.1 christos 99 1.1 christos b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 100 1.1 christos whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 101 1.1 christos part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 102 1.1 christos parties under the terms of this License. 103 1.1 christos 104 1.1 christos c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 105 1.1 christos when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 106 1.1 christos interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 107 1.1 christos announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 108 1.1 christos notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide 109 1.1 christos a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 110 1.1 christos these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this 111 1.1 christos License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but 112 1.1 christos does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on 113 1.1 christos the Program is not required to print an announcement.) 114 1.1 christos 116 1.1 christos These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 117 1.1 christos identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 118 1.1 christos and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 119 1.1 christos themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 120 1.1 christos sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 121 1.1 christos distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 122 1.1 christos on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 123 1.1 christos this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 124 1.1 christos entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 125 1.1 christos 126 1.1 christos Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 127 1.1 christos your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 128 1.1 christos exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 129 1.1 christos collective works based on the Program. 130 1.1 christos 131 1.1 christos In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program 132 1.1 christos with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of 133 1.1 christos a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under 134 1.1 christos the scope of this License. 135 1.1 christos 136 1.1 christos 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 137 1.1 christos under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 138 1.1 christos Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 139 1.1 christos 140 1.1 christos a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 141 1.1 christos source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 142 1.1 christos 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 143 1.1 christos 144 1.1 christos b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 145 1.1 christos years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 146 1.1 christos cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 147 1.1 christos machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 148 1.1 christos distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 149 1.1 christos customarily used for software interchange; or, 150 1.1 christos 151 1.1 christos c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 152 1.1 christos to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is 153 1.1 christos allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you 154 1.1 christos received the program in object code or executable form with such 155 1.1 christos an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) 156 1.1 christos 157 1.1 christos The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 158 1.1 christos making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 159 1.1 christos code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 160 1.1 christos associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 161 1.1 christos control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a 162 1.1 christos special exception, the source code distributed need not include 163 1.1 christos anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 164 1.1 christos form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 165 1.1 christos operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 166 1.1 christos itself accompanies the executable. 167 1.1 christos 168 1.1 christos If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 169 1.1 christos access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 170 1.1 christos access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 171 1.1 christos distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 172 1.1 christos compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 173 1.1 christos 175 1.1 christos 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 176 1.1 christos except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 177 1.1 christos otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 178 1.1 christos void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 179 1.1 christos However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 180 1.1 christos this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 181 1.1 christos parties remain in full compliance. 182 1.1 christos 183 1.1 christos 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 184 1.1 christos signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 185 1.1 christos distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 186 1.1 christos prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. 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If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 201 1.1 christos infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 202 1.1 christos conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 203 1.1 christos otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 204 1.1 christos excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 205 1.1 christos distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 206 1.1 christos License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 207 1.1 christos may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 208 1.1 christos license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 209 1.1 christos all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 210 1.1 christos the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 211 1.1 christos refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 212 1.1 christos 213 1.1 christos If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 214 1.1 christos any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to 215 1.1 christos apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 216 1.1 christos circumstances. 217 1.1 christos 218 1.1 christos It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 219 1.1 christos patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 220 1.1 christos such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 221 1.1 christos integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 222 1.1 christos implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 223 1.1 christos generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 224 1.1 christos through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 225 1.1 christos system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 226 1.1 christos to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot 227 1.1 christos impose that choice. 228 1.1 christos 229 1.1 christos This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 230 1.1 christos be a consequence of the rest of this License. 231 1.1 christos 233 1.1 christos 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 234 1.1 christos certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 235 1.1 christos original copyright holder who places the Program under this License 236 1.1 christos may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 237 1.1 christos those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 238 1.1 christos countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 239 1.1 christos the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 240 1.1 christos 241 1.1 christos 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 242 1.1 christos of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 243 1.1 christos be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 244 1.1 christos address new problems or concerns. 245 1.1 christos 246 1.1 christos Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 247 1.1 christos specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 248 1.1 christos later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 249 1.1 christos either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 250 1.1 christos Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 251 1.1 christos this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 252 1.1 christos Foundation. 253 1.1 christos 254 1.1 christos 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 255 1.1 christos programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 256 1.1 christos to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 257 1.1 christos Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 258 1.1 christos make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 259 1.1 christos of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 260 1.1 christos of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 261 1.1 christos 262 1.1 christos NO WARRANTY 263 1.1 christos 264 1.1 christos 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 265 1.1 christos FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 266 1.1 christos OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 267 1.1 christos PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 268 1.1 christos OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 269 1.1 christos MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 270 1.1 christos TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 271 1.1 christos PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 272 1.1 christos REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 273 1.1 christos 274 1.1 christos 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 275 1.1 christos WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 276 1.1 christos REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 277 1.1 christos INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 278 1.1 christos OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 279 1.1 christos TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 280 1.1 christos YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 281 1.1 christos PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 282 1.1 christos POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 283 1.1 christos 284 1.1 christos END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 285 1.1 christos 287 1.1 christos How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 288 1.1 christos 289 1.1 christos If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 290 1.1 christos possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 291 1.1 christos free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 292 1.1 christos 293 1.1 christos To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 294 1.1 christos to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 295 1.1 christos convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 296 1.1 christos the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 297 1.1 christos 298 1.1 christos <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> 299 1.1 christos Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> 300 1.1 christos 301 1.1 christos This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 302 1.1 christos it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 303 1.1 christos the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 304 1.1 christos (at your option) any later version. 305 1.1 christos 306 1.1 christos This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 307 1.1 christos but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 308 1.1 christos MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 309 1.1 christos GNU General Public License for more details. 310 1.1 christos 311 1.1 christos You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 312 1.1 christos along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 313 1.1 christos Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 314 1.1 christos 315 1.1 christos 316 1.1 christos Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 317 1.1 christos 318 1.1 christos If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 319 1.1 christos when it starts in an interactive mode: 320 1.1 christos 321 1.1 christos Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author 322 1.1 christos Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 323 1.1 christos This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 324 1.1 christos under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 325 1.1 christos 326 1.1 christos The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 327 1.1 christos parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 328 1.1 christos be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 329 1.1 christos mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 330 1.1 christos 331 1.1 christos You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 332 1.1 christos school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 333 1.1 christos necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 334 1.1 christos 335 1.1 christos Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 336 1.1 christos `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 337 1.1 christos 338 1.1 christos <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 339 1.1 christos Ty Coon, President of Vice 340 1.1 christos 341 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 342 proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 343 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 344 library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General 345 Public License instead of this License. 346