postsuper.1.html revision 1.1.1.1.2.2
1 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 2 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 3 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <html> <head> 4 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> 5 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <title> Postfix manual - postsuper(1) </title> 6 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj </head> <body> <pre> 7 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj POSTSUPER(1) POSTSUPER(1) 8 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 9 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>NAME</b> 10 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj postsuper - Postfix superintendent 11 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 12 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>SYNOPSIS</b> 13 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>postsuper</b> [<b>-psv</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] [<b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 14 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj [<b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 15 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj [<b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<i>directory ...</i>] 16 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 17 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>DESCRIPTION</b> 18 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> command does maintenance jobs on the 19 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Postfix queue. Use of the command is restricted to the 20 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj superuser. See the <a href="postqueue.1.html"><b>postqueue</b>(1)</a> command for unprivileged 21 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj queue operations such as listing or flushing the mail 22 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj queue. 23 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 24 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj By default, <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> performs the operations requested 25 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj with the <b>-s</b> and <b>-p</b> command-line options on all Postfix 26 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj queue directories - this includes the <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and 27 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>deferred</b> directories with mail files and the <b>bounce</b>, 28 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>defer</b>, <b>trace</b> and <b>flush</b> directories with log files. 29 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 30 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Options: 31 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 32 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i> 33 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configuration file is in the named 34 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj directory instead of the default configuration 35 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG environment 36 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj setting below. 37 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 38 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 39 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Delete one message with the named queue ID from the 40 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, 41 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). 42 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 43 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads 44 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj queue IDs from standard input. For example, to 45 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj delete all mail with exactly one recipient 46 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>user (a] example.com</b>: 47 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 48 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj mailq | tail +2 | grep -v '^ *(' | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } 49 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj # $7=sender, $8=recipient1, $9=recipient2 50 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj { if ($8 == "user (a] example.com" && $9 == "") 51 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj print $1 } 52 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj ' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d - 53 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 54 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Specify "<b>-d ALL</b>" to remove all messages; for exam- 55 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj ple, specify "<b>-d ALL deferred</b>" to delete all mail 56 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj in the <b>deferred</b> queue. As a safety measure, the 57 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 58 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 59 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused. There is a 60 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj very small possibility that postsuper deletes the 61 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj wrong message file when it is executed while the 62 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Postfix mail system is delivering mail. 63 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 64 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The scenario is as follows: 65 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 66 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 1) The Postfix queue manager deletes the mes- 67 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj sage that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> is asked to delete, 68 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj because Postfix is finished with the message 69 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj (it is delivered, or it is returned to the 70 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj sender). 71 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 72 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 2) New mail arrives, and the new message is 73 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj given the same queue ID as the message that 74 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> is supposed to delete. The 75 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj probability for reusing a deleted queue ID 76 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj is about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different 77 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj microsecond values that the system clock can 78 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj distinguish within a second). 79 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 80 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 3) <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> deletes the new message, 81 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj instead of the old message that it should 82 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj have deleted. 83 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 84 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 85 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Put mail "on hold" so that no attempt is made to 86 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj deliver it. Move one message with the named queue 87 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>incoming</b>, 88 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>) to the <b>hold</b> queue. 89 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 90 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads 91 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj queue IDs from standard input. 92 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 93 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Specify "<b>-h ALL</b>" to hold all messages; for example, 94 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj specify "<b>-h ALL deferred</b>" to hold all mail in the 95 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>deferred</b> queue. As a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> 96 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj must be specified in upper case. 97 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 98 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Note: while mail is "on hold" it will not expire 99 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj when its time in the queue exceeds the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maxi</a>-</b> 100 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">mal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b> set- 101 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj ting. It becomes subject to expiration after it is 102 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj released from "hold". 103 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 104 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 105 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 106 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 107 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Release mail that was put "on hold". Move one mes- 108 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj sage with the named queue ID from the named mail 109 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>) to the <b>deferred</b> queue. 110 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 111 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads 112 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj queue IDs from standard input. 113 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 114 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Note: specify "<b>postsuper -r</b>" to release mail that 115 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj was kept on hold for a significant fraction of 116 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b>, 117 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj or longer. 118 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 119 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Specify "<b>-H ALL</b>" to release all mail that is "on 120 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj hold". As a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be 121 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj specified in upper case. 122 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 123 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 124 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 125 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-p</b> Purge old temporary files that are left over after 126 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj system or software crashes. 127 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 128 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 129 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Requeue the message with the named queue ID from 130 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, 131 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). To requeue multiple mes- 132 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj sages, specify multiple <b>-r</b> command-line options. 133 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 134 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Alternatively, if a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the 135 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj program reads queue IDs from standard input. 136 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 137 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Specify "<b>-r ALL</b>" to requeue all messages. As a 138 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in 139 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj upper case. 140 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 141 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj A requeued message is moved to the <b>maildrop</b> queue, 142 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj from where it is copied by the <a href="pickup.8.html"><b>pickup</b>(8)</a> and 143 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <a href="cleanup.8.html"><b>cleanup</b>(8)</a> daemons to a new queue file. In many 144 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj respects its handling differs from that of a new 145 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj local submission. 146 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 147 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>o</b> The message is not subjected to the 148 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_milters">smtpd_milters</a> or <a href="postconf.5.html#non_smtpd_milters">non_smtpd_milters</a> settings. 149 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj When mail has passed through an external 150 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj content filter, this would produce incorrect 151 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj results with Milter applications that depend 152 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj on original SMTP connection state informa- 153 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj tion. 154 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 155 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>o</b> The message is subjected again to mail 156 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj address rewriting and substitution. This is 157 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj useful when rewriting rules or virtual map- 158 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj pings have changed. 159 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 160 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The address rewriting context (local or 161 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj remote) is the same as when the message was 162 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj received. 163 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 164 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>o</b> The message is subjected to the same <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">con</a>- 165 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">tent_filter</a> settings (if any) as used for 166 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj new local mail submissions. This is useful 167 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj when <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> settings have changed. 168 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 169 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused. There is a 170 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj very small possibility that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> requeues 171 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj the wrong message file when it is executed while 172 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj the Postfix mail system is running, but no harm 173 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj should be done. 174 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 175 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj This feature is available in Postfix 1.1 and later. 176 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 177 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-s</b> Structure check and structure repair. This should 178 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj be done once before Postfix startup. 179 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 180 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>o</b> Rename files whose name does not match the 181 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj message file inode number. This operation is 182 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj necessary after restoring a mail queue from 183 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj a different machine, or from backup media. 184 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 185 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>o</b> Move queue files that are in the wrong place 186 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj in the file system hierarchy and remove sub- 187 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj directories that are no longer needed. File 188 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj position rearrangements are necessary after 189 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj a change in the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a></b> and/or 190 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a></b> configuration parameters. 191 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 192 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Mul- 193 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj tiple <b>-v</b> options make the software increasingly 194 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj verbose. 195 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 196 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>DIAGNOSTICS</b> 197 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Problems are reported to the standard error stream and to 198 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>syslogd</b>(8). 199 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 200 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> reports the number of messages deleted with 201 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>-d</b>, the number of messages requeued with <b>-r</b>, and the num- 202 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj ber of messages whose queue file name was fixed with <b>-s</b>. 203 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The report is written to the standard error stream and to 204 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>syslogd</b>(8). 205 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 206 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>ENVIRONMENT</b> 207 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj MAIL_CONFIG 208 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Directory with the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> file. 209 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 210 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>BUGS</b> 211 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Mail that is not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the 212 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>maildrop</b> queue) cannot be placed "on hold". 213 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 214 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b> 215 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant 216 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj to this program. The text below provides only a parameter 217 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more details including exam- 218 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj ples. 219 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 220 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 221 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and 222 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> configuration files. 223 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 224 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a> (1)</b> 225 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The number of subdirectory levels for queue direc- 226 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj tories listed with the <a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> parameter. 227 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 228 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> (deferred, defer)</b> 229 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The names of queue directories that are split 230 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj across multiple subdirectory levels. 231 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 232 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 233 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The location of the Postfix top-level queue direc- 234 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj tory. 235 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 236 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b> 237 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The syslog facility of Postfix logging. 238 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 239 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 240 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The mail system name that is prepended to the 241 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj process name in syslog records, so that "smtpd" 242 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd". 243 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 244 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>SEE ALSO</b> 245 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <a href="sendmail.1.html">sendmail(1)</a>, Sendmail-compatible user interface 246 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <a href="postqueue.1.html">postqueue(1)</a>, unprivileged queue operations 247 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 248 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>LICENSE</b> 249 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this 250 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj software. 251 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 252 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj <b>AUTHOR(S)</b> 253 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Wietse Venema 254 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj IBM T.J. Watson Research 255 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj P.O. Box 704 256 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA 257 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj 258 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj POSTSUPER(1) 259 1.1.1.1.2.2 snj </pre> </body> </html> 260
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