postsuper.1.html revision 1.1.1.2
1 1.1 tron <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 2 1.1 tron "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 3 1.1 tron <html> <head> 4 1.1 tron <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> 5 1.1 tron <title> Postfix manual - postsuper(1) </title> 6 1.1 tron </head> <body> <pre> 7 1.1 tron POSTSUPER(1) POSTSUPER(1) 8 1.1 tron 9 1.1 tron <b>NAME</b> 10 1.1 tron postsuper - Postfix superintendent 11 1.1 tron 12 1.1 tron <b>SYNOPSIS</b> 13 1.1.1.2 tron <b>postsuper</b> [<b>-psSv</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] [<b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 14 1.1 tron [<b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 15 1.1 tron [<b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<i>directory ...</i>] 16 1.1 tron 17 1.1 tron <b>DESCRIPTION</b> 18 1.1 tron The <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> command does maintenance jobs on the 19 1.1 tron Postfix queue. Use of the command is restricted to the 20 1.1 tron superuser. See the <a href="postqueue.1.html"><b>postqueue</b>(1)</a> command for unprivileged 21 1.1 tron queue operations such as listing or flushing the mail 22 1.1 tron queue. 23 1.1 tron 24 1.1 tron By default, <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> performs the operations requested 25 1.1 tron with the <b>-s</b> and <b>-p</b> command-line options on all Postfix 26 1.1 tron queue directories - this includes the <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and 27 1.1 tron <b>deferred</b> directories with mail files and the <b>bounce</b>, 28 1.1 tron <b>defer</b>, <b>trace</b> and <b>flush</b> directories with log files. 29 1.1 tron 30 1.1 tron Options: 31 1.1 tron 32 1.1 tron <b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i> 33 1.1 tron The <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configuration file is in the named 34 1.1 tron directory instead of the default configuration 35 1.1 tron directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG environment 36 1.1 tron setting below. 37 1.1 tron 38 1.1 tron <b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 39 1.1 tron Delete one message with the named queue ID from the 40 1.1 tron named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, 41 1.1 tron <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). 42 1.1 tron 43 1.1 tron If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads 44 1.1 tron queue IDs from standard input. For example, to 45 1.1 tron delete all mail with exactly one recipient 46 1.1 tron <b>user (a] example.com</b>: 47 1.1 tron 48 1.1 tron mailq | tail +2 | grep -v '^ *(' | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } 49 1.1 tron # $7=sender, $8=recipient1, $9=recipient2 50 1.1 tron { if ($8 == "user (a] example.com" && $9 == "") 51 1.1 tron print $1 } 52 1.1 tron ' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d - 53 1.1 tron 54 1.1 tron Specify "<b>-d ALL</b>" to remove all messages; for exam- 55 1.1 tron ple, specify "<b>-d ALL deferred</b>" to delete all mail 56 1.1 tron in the <b>deferred</b> queue. As a safety measure, the 57 1.1 tron word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 58 1.1 tron 59 1.1.1.2 tron Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused (always with 60 1.1.1.2 tron Postfix <= 2.8; and with Postfix >= 2.9 when 61 1.1.1.2 tron <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no). There is a very small 62 1.1.1.2 tron possibility that postsuper deletes the wrong mes- 63 1.1.1.2 tron sage file when it is executed while the Postfix 64 1.1.1.2 tron mail system is delivering mail. 65 1.1 tron 66 1.1 tron The scenario is as follows: 67 1.1 tron 68 1.1 tron 1) The Postfix queue manager deletes the mes- 69 1.1 tron sage that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> is asked to delete, 70 1.1 tron because Postfix is finished with the message 71 1.1 tron (it is delivered, or it is returned to the 72 1.1 tron sender). 73 1.1 tron 74 1.1 tron 2) New mail arrives, and the new message is 75 1.1 tron given the same queue ID as the message that 76 1.1 tron <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> is supposed to delete. The 77 1.1 tron probability for reusing a deleted queue ID 78 1.1 tron is about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different 79 1.1 tron microsecond values that the system clock can 80 1.1 tron distinguish within a second). 81 1.1 tron 82 1.1 tron 3) <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> deletes the new message, 83 1.1 tron instead of the old message that it should 84 1.1 tron have deleted. 85 1.1 tron 86 1.1 tron <b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 87 1.1 tron Put mail "on hold" so that no attempt is made to 88 1.1 tron deliver it. Move one message with the named queue 89 1.1 tron ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>incoming</b>, 90 1.1 tron <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>) to the <b>hold</b> queue. 91 1.1 tron 92 1.1 tron If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads 93 1.1 tron queue IDs from standard input. 94 1.1 tron 95 1.1 tron Specify "<b>-h ALL</b>" to hold all messages; for example, 96 1.1 tron specify "<b>-h ALL deferred</b>" to hold all mail in the 97 1.1 tron <b>deferred</b> queue. As a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> 98 1.1 tron must be specified in upper case. 99 1.1 tron 100 1.1 tron Note: while mail is "on hold" it will not expire 101 1.1 tron when its time in the queue exceeds the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maxi</a>-</b> 102 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">mal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b> set- 103 1.1 tron ting. It becomes subject to expiration after it is 104 1.1 tron released from "hold". 105 1.1 tron 106 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 107 1.1 tron 108 1.1 tron <b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 109 1.1 tron Release mail that was put "on hold". Move one mes- 110 1.1 tron sage with the named queue ID from the named mail 111 1.1 tron queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>) to the <b>deferred</b> queue. 112 1.1 tron 113 1.1 tron If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads 114 1.1 tron queue IDs from standard input. 115 1.1 tron 116 1.1 tron Note: specify "<b>postsuper -r</b>" to release mail that 117 1.1 tron was kept on hold for a significant fraction of 118 1.1 tron <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b>, 119 1.1 tron or longer. 120 1.1 tron 121 1.1 tron Specify "<b>-H ALL</b>" to release all mail that is "on 122 1.1 tron hold". As a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be 123 1.1 tron specified in upper case. 124 1.1 tron 125 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 126 1.1 tron 127 1.1 tron <b>-p</b> Purge old temporary files that are left over after 128 1.1 tron system or software crashes. 129 1.1 tron 130 1.1 tron <b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 131 1.1 tron Requeue the message with the named queue ID from 132 1.1 tron the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, 133 1.1 tron <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). To requeue multiple mes- 134 1.1 tron sages, specify multiple <b>-r</b> command-line options. 135 1.1 tron 136 1.1 tron Alternatively, if a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the 137 1.1 tron program reads queue IDs from standard input. 138 1.1 tron 139 1.1 tron Specify "<b>-r ALL</b>" to requeue all messages. As a 140 1.1 tron safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in 141 1.1 tron upper case. 142 1.1 tron 143 1.1 tron A requeued message is moved to the <b>maildrop</b> queue, 144 1.1 tron from where it is copied by the <a href="pickup.8.html"><b>pickup</b>(8)</a> and 145 1.1 tron <a href="cleanup.8.html"><b>cleanup</b>(8)</a> daemons to a new queue file. In many 146 1.1 tron respects its handling differs from that of a new 147 1.1 tron local submission. 148 1.1 tron 149 1.1 tron <b>o</b> The message is not subjected to the 150 1.1 tron <a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_milters">smtpd_milters</a> or <a href="postconf.5.html#non_smtpd_milters">non_smtpd_milters</a> settings. 151 1.1 tron When mail has passed through an external 152 1.1 tron content filter, this would produce incorrect 153 1.1 tron results with Milter applications that depend 154 1.1 tron on original SMTP connection state informa- 155 1.1 tron tion. 156 1.1 tron 157 1.1 tron <b>o</b> The message is subjected again to mail 158 1.1 tron address rewriting and substitution. This is 159 1.1 tron useful when rewriting rules or virtual map- 160 1.1 tron pings have changed. 161 1.1 tron 162 1.1 tron The address rewriting context (local or 163 1.1 tron remote) is the same as when the message was 164 1.1 tron received. 165 1.1 tron 166 1.1 tron <b>o</b> The message is subjected to the same <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">con</a>- 167 1.1 tron <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">tent_filter</a> settings (if any) as used for 168 1.1 tron new local mail submissions. This is useful 169 1.1 tron when <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> settings have changed. 170 1.1 tron 171 1.1.1.2 tron Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused (always with 172 1.1.1.2 tron Postfix <= 2.8; and with Postfix >= 2.9 when 173 1.1.1.2 tron <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no). There is a very small 174 1.1.1.2 tron possibility that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> requeues the wrong 175 1.1.1.2 tron message file when it is executed while the Postfix 176 1.1.1.2 tron mail system is running, but no harm should be done. 177 1.1 tron 178 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 1.1 and later. 179 1.1 tron 180 1.1 tron <b>-s</b> Structure check and structure repair. This should 181 1.1 tron be done once before Postfix startup. 182 1.1 tron 183 1.1 tron <b>o</b> Rename files whose name does not match the 184 1.1 tron message file inode number. This operation is 185 1.1 tron necessary after restoring a mail queue from 186 1.1.1.2 tron a different machine or from backup, when 187 1.1.1.2 tron queue files were created with Postfix <= 2.8 188 1.1.1.2 tron or with "<a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> = no". 189 1.1 tron 190 1.1 tron <b>o</b> Move queue files that are in the wrong place 191 1.1 tron in the file system hierarchy and remove sub- 192 1.1 tron directories that are no longer needed. File 193 1.1 tron position rearrangements are necessary after 194 1.1 tron a change in the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a></b> and/or 195 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a></b> configuration parameters. 196 1.1 tron 197 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> Rename queue files created with 198 1.1.1.2 tron "<a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> = yes" to short 199 1.1.1.2 tron names, for migration to Postfix <= 2.8. The 200 1.1.1.2 tron procedure is as follows: 201 1.1.1.2 tron 202 1.1.1.2 tron # postfix stop 203 1.1.1.2 tron # postconf <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no 204 1.1.1.2 tron # postsuper 205 1.1.1.2 tron 206 1.1.1.2 tron Run <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> repeatedly until it stops 207 1.1.1.2 tron reporting file name changes. 208 1.1.1.2 tron 209 1.1.1.2 tron <b>-S</b> A redundant version of <b>-s</b> that requires that long 210 1.1.1.2 tron file names also match the message file inode num- 211 1.1.1.2 tron ber. This option exists for testing purposes, and 212 1.1.1.2 tron is available with Postfix 2.9 and later. 213 1.1.1.2 tron 214 1.1 tron <b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Mul- 215 1.1.1.2 tron tiple <b>-v</b> options make the software increasingly 216 1.1 tron verbose. 217 1.1 tron 218 1.1 tron <b>DIAGNOSTICS</b> 219 1.1.1.2 tron Problems are reported to the standard error stream and to 220 1.1 tron <b>syslogd</b>(8). 221 1.1 tron 222 1.1.1.2 tron <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> reports the number of messages deleted with 223 1.1.1.2 tron <b>-d</b>, the number of messages requeued with <b>-r</b>, and the num- 224 1.1.1.2 tron ber of messages whose queue file name was fixed with <b>-s</b>. 225 1.1.1.2 tron The report is written to the standard error stream and to 226 1.1 tron <b>syslogd</b>(8). 227 1.1 tron 228 1.1 tron <b>ENVIRONMENT</b> 229 1.1 tron MAIL_CONFIG 230 1.1 tron Directory with the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> file. 231 1.1 tron 232 1.1 tron <b>BUGS</b> 233 1.1.1.2 tron Mail that is not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the 234 1.1 tron <b>maildrop</b> queue) cannot be placed "on hold". 235 1.1 tron 236 1.1 tron <b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b> 237 1.1.1.2 tron The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant 238 1.1 tron to this program. The text below provides only a parameter 239 1.1.1.2 tron summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more details including exam- 240 1.1 tron ples. 241 1.1 tron 242 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 243 1.1.1.2 tron The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and 244 1.1 tron <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> configuration files. 245 1.1 tron 246 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a> (1)</b> 247 1.1.1.2 tron The number of subdirectory levels for queue direc- 248 1.1.1.2 tron tories listed with the <a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> parameter. 249 1.1 tron 250 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> (deferred, defer)</b> 251 1.1.1.2 tron The names of queue directories that are split 252 1.1 tron across multiple subdirectory levels. 253 1.1 tron 254 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 255 1.1.1.2 tron The location of the Postfix top-level queue direc- 256 1.1 tron tory. 257 1.1 tron 258 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b> 259 1.1 tron The syslog facility of Postfix logging. 260 1.1 tron 261 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 262 1.1.1.2 tron The mail system name that is prepended to the 263 1.1.1.2 tron process name in syslog records, so that "smtpd" 264 1.1 tron becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd". 265 1.1 tron 266 1.1.1.2 tron Available in Postfix version 2.9 and later: 267 1.1.1.2 tron 268 1.1.1.2 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> (no)</b> 269 1.1.1.2 tron Enable long, non-repeating, queue IDs (queue file 270 1.1.1.2 tron names). 271 1.1.1.2 tron 272 1.1 tron <b>SEE ALSO</b> 273 1.1 tron <a href="sendmail.1.html">sendmail(1)</a>, Sendmail-compatible user interface 274 1.1 tron <a href="postqueue.1.html">postqueue(1)</a>, unprivileged queue operations 275 1.1 tron 276 1.1 tron <b>LICENSE</b> 277 1.1 tron The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this 278 1.1 tron software. 279 1.1 tron 280 1.1 tron <b>AUTHOR(S)</b> 281 1.1 tron Wietse Venema 282 1.1 tron IBM T.J. Watson Research 283 1.1 tron P.O. Box 704 284 1.1 tron Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA 285 1.1 tron 286 1.1 tron POSTSUPER(1) 287 1.1 tron </pre> </body> </html> 288
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