postsuper.1.html revision 1.1.1.2.6.1
1 1.1 tron <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 2 1.1 tron "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 3 1.1 tron <html> <head> 4 1.1 tron <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> 5 1.1 tron <title> Postfix manual - postsuper(1) </title> 6 1.1 tron </head> <body> <pre> 7 1.1 tron POSTSUPER(1) POSTSUPER(1) 8 1.1 tron 9 1.1 tron <b>NAME</b> 10 1.1 tron postsuper - Postfix superintendent 11 1.1 tron 12 1.1 tron <b>SYNOPSIS</b> 13 1.1.1.2 tron <b>postsuper</b> [<b>-psSv</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] [<b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 14 1.1 tron [<b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 15 1.1 tron [<b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<i>directory ...</i>] 16 1.1 tron 17 1.1 tron <b>DESCRIPTION</b> 18 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> command does maintenance jobs on the Postfix queue. 19 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Use of the command is restricted to the superuser. See the 20 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <a href="postqueue.1.html"><b>postqueue</b>(1)</a> command for unprivileged queue operations such as listing 21 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls or flushing the mail queue. 22 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 23 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls By default, <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> performs the operations requested with the <b>-s</b> 24 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls and <b>-p</b> command-line options on all Postfix queue directories - this 25 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls includes the <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b> directories with mail files 26 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls and the <b>bounce</b>, <b>defer</b>, <b>trace</b> and <b>flush</b> directories with log files. 27 1.1 tron 28 1.1 tron Options: 29 1.1 tron 30 1.1 tron <b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i> 31 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configuration file is in the named directory instead 32 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls of the default configuration directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG 33 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls environment setting below. 34 1.1 tron 35 1.1 tron <b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 36 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Delete one message with the named queue ID from the named mail 37 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). 38 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 39 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 40 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls from standard input. For example, to delete all mail with 41 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls exactly one recipient <b>user (a] example.com</b>: 42 1.1 tron 43 1.1 tron mailq | tail +2 | grep -v '^ *(' | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } 44 1.1 tron # $7=sender, $8=recipient1, $9=recipient2 45 1.1 tron { if ($8 == "user (a] example.com" && $9 == "") 46 1.1 tron print $1 } 47 1.1 tron ' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d - 48 1.1 tron 49 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Specify "<b>-d ALL</b>" to remove all messages; for example, specify 50 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls "<b>-d ALL deferred</b>" to delete all mail in the <b>deferred</b> queue. As 51 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 52 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 53 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused (always with Postfix <= 54 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 2.8; and with Postfix >= 2.9 when <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no). 55 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls There is a very small possibility that postsuper deletes the 56 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls wrong message file when it is executed while the Postfix mail 57 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls system is delivering mail. 58 1.1 tron 59 1.1 tron The scenario is as follows: 60 1.1 tron 61 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 1) The Postfix queue manager deletes the message that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>post-</b></a> 62 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>super</b>(1)</a> is asked to delete, because Postfix is finished 63 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls with the message (it is delivered, or it is returned to 64 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls the sender). 65 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 66 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 2) New mail arrives, and the new message is given the same 67 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls queue ID as the message that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> is supposed to 68 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls delete. The probability for reusing a deleted queue ID 69 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls is about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different microsecond 70 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls values that the system clock can distinguish within a 71 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls second). 72 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 73 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 3) <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> deletes the new message, instead of the old 74 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls message that it should have deleted. 75 1.1 tron 76 1.1 tron <b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 77 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Put mail "on hold" so that no attempt is made to deliver it. 78 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Move one message with the named queue ID from the named mail 79 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls queue(s) (default: <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>) to the <b>hold</b> 80 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls queue. 81 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 82 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 83 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls from standard input. 84 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 85 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Specify "<b>-h ALL</b>" to hold all messages; for example, specify "<b>-h</b> 86 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>ALL deferred</b>" to hold all mail in the <b>deferred</b> queue. As a 87 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 88 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 89 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Note: while mail is "on hold" it will not expire when its time 90 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls in the queue exceeds the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or 91 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b> setting. It becomes subject to expiration 92 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls after it is released from "hold". 93 1.1 tron 94 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 95 1.1 tron 96 1.1 tron <b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 97 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Release mail that was put "on hold". Move one message with the 98 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls named queue ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>) to 99 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls the <b>deferred</b> queue. 100 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 101 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 102 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls from standard input. 103 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 104 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Note: specify "<b>postsuper -r</b>" to release mail that was kept on 105 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls hold for a significant fraction of <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or 106 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b>, or longer. 107 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 108 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Specify "<b>-H ALL</b>" to release all mail that is "on hold". As a 109 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 110 1.1 tron 111 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 112 1.1 tron 113 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>-p</b> Purge old temporary files that are left over after system or 114 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls software crashes. 115 1.1 tron 116 1.1 tron <b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 117 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Requeue the message with the named queue ID from the named mail 118 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). To 119 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls requeue multiple messages, specify multiple <b>-r</b> command-line 120 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls options. 121 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 122 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Alternatively, if a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program 123 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls reads queue IDs from standard input. 124 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 125 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Specify "<b>-r ALL</b>" to requeue all messages. As a safety measure, 126 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 127 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 128 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls A requeued message is moved to the <b>maildrop</b> queue, from where it 129 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls is copied by the <a href="pickup.8.html"><b>pickup</b>(8)</a> and <a href="cleanup.8.html"><b>cleanup</b>(8)</a> daemons to a new queue 130 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls file. In many respects its handling differs from that of a new 131 1.1 tron local submission. 132 1.1 tron 133 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>o</b> The message is not subjected to the <a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_milters">smtpd_milters</a> or 134 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <a href="postconf.5.html#non_smtpd_milters">non_smtpd_milters</a> settings. When mail has passed through 135 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls an external content filter, this would produce incorrect 136 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls results with Milter applications that depend on original 137 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls SMTP connection state information. 138 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 139 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>o</b> The message is subjected again to mail address rewriting 140 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls and substitution. This is useful when rewriting rules or 141 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls virtual mappings have changed. 142 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 143 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The address rewriting context (local or remote) is the 144 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls same as when the message was received. 145 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 146 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>o</b> The message is subjected to the same <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> set- 147 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls tings (if any) as used for new local mail submissions. 148 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls This is useful when <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> settings have changed. 149 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 150 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused (always with Postfix <= 151 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 2.8; and with Postfix >= 2.9 when <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no). 152 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls There is a very small possibility that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> requeues the 153 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls wrong message file when it is executed while the Postfix mail 154 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls system is running, but no harm should be done. 155 1.1 tron 156 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 1.1 and later. 157 1.1 tron 158 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>-s</b> Structure check and structure repair. This should be done once 159 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls before Postfix startup. 160 1.1 tron 161 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>o</b> Rename files whose name does not match the message file 162 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls inode number. This operation is necessary after restoring 163 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls a mail queue from a different machine or from backup, 164 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls when queue files were created with Postfix <= 2.8 or with 165 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls "<a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> = no". 166 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 167 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>o</b> Move queue files that are in the wrong place in the file 168 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls system hierarchy and remove subdirectories that are no 169 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls longer needed. File position rearrangements are neces- 170 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls sary after a change in the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a></b> and/or 171 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a></b> configuration parameters. 172 1.1 tron 173 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>o</b> Rename queue files created with "<a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> = 174 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls yes" to short names, for migration to Postfix <= 2.8. 175 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The procedure is as follows: 176 1.1.1.2 tron 177 1.1.1.2 tron # postfix stop 178 1.1.1.2 tron # postconf <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no 179 1.1.1.2 tron # postsuper 180 1.1.1.2 tron 181 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Run <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> repeatedly until it stops reporting file 182 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls name changes. 183 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls 184 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>-S</b> A redundant version of <b>-s</b> that requires that long file names 185 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls also match the message file inode number. This option exists for 186 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls testing purposes, and is available with Postfix 2.9 and later. 187 1.1.1.2 tron 188 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple <b>-v</b> 189 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls options make the software increasingly verbose. 190 1.1 tron 191 1.1 tron <b>DIAGNOSTICS</b> 192 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Problems are reported to the standard error stream and to <b>syslogd</b>(8). 193 1.1 tron 194 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> reports the number of messages deleted with <b>-d</b>, the number 195 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls of messages requeued with <b>-r</b>, and the number of messages whose queue 196 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls file name was fixed with <b>-s</b>. The report is written to the standard 197 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls error stream and to <b>syslogd</b>(8). 198 1.1 tron 199 1.1 tron <b>ENVIRONMENT</b> 200 1.1 tron MAIL_CONFIG 201 1.1 tron Directory with the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> file. 202 1.1 tron 203 1.1 tron <b>BUGS</b> 204 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Mail that is not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the <b>maildrop</b> queue) 205 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls cannot be placed "on hold". 206 1.1 tron 207 1.1 tron <b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b> 208 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant to this pro- 209 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls gram. The text below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>post-</b></a> 210 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>conf</b>(5)</a> for more details including examples. 211 1.1 tron 212 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 213 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con- 214 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls figuration files. 215 1.1 tron 216 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a> (1)</b> 217 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The number of subdirectory levels for queue directories listed 218 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls with the <a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> parameter. 219 1.1 tron 220 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> (deferred, defer)</b> 221 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The names of queue directories that are split across multiple 222 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls subdirectory levels. 223 1.1 tron 224 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 225 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory. 226 1.1 tron 227 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b> 228 1.1 tron The syslog facility of Postfix logging. 229 1.1 tron 230 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 231 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The mail system name that is prepended to the process name in 232 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls syslog records, so that "smtpd" becomes, for example, "post- 233 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls fix/smtpd". 234 1.1 tron 235 1.1.1.2 tron Available in Postfix version 2.9 and later: 236 1.1.1.2 tron 237 1.1.1.2 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> (no)</b> 238 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls Enable long, non-repeating, queue IDs (queue file names). 239 1.1.1.2 tron 240 1.1 tron <b>SEE ALSO</b> 241 1.1 tron <a href="sendmail.1.html">sendmail(1)</a>, Sendmail-compatible user interface 242 1.1 tron <a href="postqueue.1.html">postqueue(1)</a>, unprivileged queue operations 243 1.1 tron 244 1.1 tron <b>LICENSE</b> 245 1.1.1.2.6.1 tls The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. 246 1.1 tron 247 1.1 tron <b>AUTHOR(S)</b> 248 1.1 tron Wietse Venema 249 1.1 tron IBM T.J. Watson Research 250 1.1 tron P.O. Box 704 251 1.1 tron Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA 252 1.1 tron 253 1.1 tron POSTSUPER(1) 254 1.1 tron </pre> </body> </html> 255
Indexes created Mon Apr 27 00:23:16 UTC 2026