postsuper.1.html revision 1.1.1.4
1 1.1 tron <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 2 1.1 tron "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 3 1.1 tron <html> <head> 4 1.1 tron <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> 5 1.1 tron <title> Postfix manual - postsuper(1) </title> 6 1.1 tron </head> <body> <pre> 7 1.1 tron POSTSUPER(1) POSTSUPER(1) 8 1.1 tron 9 1.1 tron <b>NAME</b> 10 1.1 tron postsuper - Postfix superintendent 11 1.1 tron 12 1.1 tron <b>SYNOPSIS</b> 13 1.1.1.2 tron <b>postsuper</b> [<b>-psSv</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] [<b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 14 1.1 tron [<b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 15 1.1 tron [<b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<i>directory ...</i>] 16 1.1 tron 17 1.1 tron <b>DESCRIPTION</b> 18 1.1.1.3 tron The <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> command does maintenance jobs on the Postfix queue. 19 1.1.1.3 tron Use of the command is restricted to the superuser. See the 20 1.1.1.3 tron <a href="postqueue.1.html"><b>postqueue</b>(1)</a> command for unprivileged queue operations such as listing 21 1.1.1.3 tron or flushing the mail queue. 22 1.1.1.3 tron 23 1.1.1.3 tron By default, <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> performs the operations requested with the <b>-s</b> 24 1.1.1.3 tron and <b>-p</b> command-line options on all Postfix queue directories - this 25 1.1.1.3 tron includes the <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b> directories with mail files 26 1.1.1.3 tron and the <b>bounce</b>, <b>defer</b>, <b>trace</b> and <b>flush</b> directories with log files. 27 1.1 tron 28 1.1 tron Options: 29 1.1 tron 30 1.1 tron <b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i> 31 1.1.1.3 tron The <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configuration file is in the named directory instead 32 1.1.1.3 tron of the default configuration directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG 33 1.1.1.3 tron environment setting below. 34 1.1 tron 35 1.1 tron <b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 36 1.1.1.3 tron Delete one message with the named queue ID from the named mail 37 1.1.1.3 tron queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). 38 1.1.1.3 tron 39 1.1.1.3 tron If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 40 1.1.1.3 tron from standard input. For example, to delete all mail with 41 1.1.1.3 tron exactly one recipient <b>user (a] example.com</b>: 42 1.1 tron 43 1.1 tron mailq | tail +2 | grep -v '^ *(' | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } 44 1.1 tron # $7=sender, $8=recipient1, $9=recipient2 45 1.1 tron { if ($8 == "user (a] example.com" && $9 == "") 46 1.1 tron print $1 } 47 1.1 tron ' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d - 48 1.1 tron 49 1.1.1.3 tron Specify "<b>-d ALL</b>" to remove all messages; for example, specify 50 1.1.1.3 tron "<b>-d ALL deferred</b>" to delete all mail in the <b>deferred</b> queue. As 51 1.1.1.3 tron a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 52 1.1.1.3 tron 53 1.1.1.3 tron Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused (always with Postfix <= 54 1.1.1.3 tron 2.8; and with Postfix >= 2.9 when <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no). 55 1.1.1.3 tron There is a very small possibility that postsuper deletes the 56 1.1.1.3 tron wrong message file when it is executed while the Postfix mail 57 1.1.1.3 tron system is delivering mail. 58 1.1 tron 59 1.1 tron The scenario is as follows: 60 1.1 tron 61 1.1.1.3 tron 1) The Postfix queue manager deletes the message that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>post-</b></a> 62 1.1.1.3 tron <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>super</b>(1)</a> is asked to delete, because Postfix is finished 63 1.1.1.3 tron with the message (it is delivered, or it is returned to 64 1.1.1.3 tron the sender). 65 1.1.1.3 tron 66 1.1.1.3 tron 2) New mail arrives, and the new message is given the same 67 1.1.1.3 tron queue ID as the message that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> is supposed to 68 1.1.1.3 tron delete. The probability for reusing a deleted queue ID 69 1.1.1.3 tron is about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different microsecond 70 1.1.1.3 tron values that the system clock can distinguish within a 71 1.1.1.3 tron second). 72 1.1.1.3 tron 73 1.1.1.3 tron 3) <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> deletes the new message, instead of the old 74 1.1.1.3 tron message that it should have deleted. 75 1.1 tron 76 1.1 tron <b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 77 1.1.1.3 tron Put mail "on hold" so that no attempt is made to deliver it. 78 1.1.1.3 tron Move one message with the named queue ID from the named mail 79 1.1.1.3 tron queue(s) (default: <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>) to the <b>hold</b> 80 1.1.1.3 tron queue. 81 1.1.1.3 tron 82 1.1.1.3 tron If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 83 1.1.1.3 tron from standard input. 84 1.1.1.3 tron 85 1.1.1.3 tron Specify "<b>-h ALL</b>" to hold all messages; for example, specify "<b>-h</b> 86 1.1.1.3 tron <b>ALL deferred</b>" to hold all mail in the <b>deferred</b> queue. As a 87 1.1.1.3 tron safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 88 1.1.1.3 tron 89 1.1.1.3 tron Note: while mail is "on hold" it will not expire when its time 90 1.1.1.3 tron in the queue exceeds the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or 91 1.1.1.3 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b> setting. It becomes subject to expiration 92 1.1.1.3 tron after it is released from "hold". 93 1.1 tron 94 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 95 1.1 tron 96 1.1 tron <b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 97 1.1.1.3 tron Release mail that was put "on hold". Move one message with the 98 1.1.1.3 tron named queue ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>) to 99 1.1.1.3 tron the <b>deferred</b> queue. 100 1.1.1.3 tron 101 1.1.1.3 tron If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 102 1.1.1.3 tron from standard input. 103 1.1.1.3 tron 104 1.1.1.3 tron Note: specify "<b>postsuper -r</b>" to release mail that was kept on 105 1.1.1.3 tron hold for a significant fraction of <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or 106 1.1.1.3 tron <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b>, or longer. 107 1.1.1.3 tron 108 1.1.1.3 tron Specify "<b>-H ALL</b>" to release all mail that is "on hold". As a 109 1.1.1.3 tron safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 110 1.1 tron 111 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 112 1.1 tron 113 1.1.1.3 tron <b>-p</b> Purge old temporary files that are left over after system or 114 1.1.1.3 tron software crashes. 115 1.1 tron 116 1.1 tron <b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 117 1.1.1.3 tron Requeue the message with the named queue ID from the named mail 118 1.1.1.3 tron queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). To 119 1.1.1.3 tron requeue multiple messages, specify multiple <b>-r</b> command-line 120 1.1.1.3 tron options. 121 1.1.1.3 tron 122 1.1.1.3 tron Alternatively, if a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program 123 1.1.1.3 tron reads queue IDs from standard input. 124 1.1.1.3 tron 125 1.1.1.3 tron Specify "<b>-r ALL</b>" to requeue all messages. As a safety measure, 126 1.1.1.3 tron the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 127 1.1.1.3 tron 128 1.1.1.3 tron A requeued message is moved to the <b>maildrop</b> queue, from where it 129 1.1.1.3 tron is copied by the <a href="pickup.8.html"><b>pickup</b>(8)</a> and <a href="cleanup.8.html"><b>cleanup</b>(8)</a> daemons to a new queue 130 1.1.1.3 tron file. In many respects its handling differs from that of a new 131 1.1 tron local submission. 132 1.1 tron 133 1.1.1.3 tron <b>o</b> The message is not subjected to the <a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_milters">smtpd_milters</a> or 134 1.1.1.3 tron <a href="postconf.5.html#non_smtpd_milters">non_smtpd_milters</a> settings. When mail has passed through 135 1.1.1.3 tron an external content filter, this would produce incorrect 136 1.1.1.3 tron results with Milter applications that depend on original 137 1.1.1.3 tron SMTP connection state information. 138 1.1.1.3 tron 139 1.1.1.3 tron <b>o</b> The message is subjected again to mail address rewriting 140 1.1.1.3 tron and substitution. This is useful when rewriting rules or 141 1.1.1.3 tron virtual mappings have changed. 142 1.1.1.3 tron 143 1.1.1.3 tron The address rewriting context (local or remote) is the 144 1.1.1.3 tron same as when the message was received. 145 1.1.1.3 tron 146 1.1.1.3 tron <b>o</b> The message is subjected to the same <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> set- 147 1.1.1.3 tron tings (if any) as used for new local mail submissions. 148 1.1.1.3 tron This is useful when <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> settings have changed. 149 1.1.1.3 tron 150 1.1.1.3 tron Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused (always with Postfix <= 151 1.1.1.3 tron 2.8; and with Postfix >= 2.9 when <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no). 152 1.1.1.3 tron There is a very small possibility that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> requeues the 153 1.1.1.3 tron wrong message file when it is executed while the Postfix mail 154 1.1.1.3 tron system is running, but no harm should be done. 155 1.1 tron 156 1.1 tron This feature is available in Postfix 1.1 and later. 157 1.1 tron 158 1.1.1.3 tron <b>-s</b> Structure check and structure repair. This should be done once 159 1.1.1.3 tron before Postfix startup. 160 1.1 tron 161 1.1.1.3 tron <b>o</b> Rename files whose name does not match the message file 162 1.1.1.3 tron inode number. This operation is necessary after restoring 163 1.1.1.3 tron a mail queue from a different machine or from backup, 164 1.1.1.3 tron when queue files were created with Postfix <= 2.8 or with 165 1.1.1.3 tron "<a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> = no". 166 1.1.1.3 tron 167 1.1.1.3 tron <b>o</b> Move queue files that are in the wrong place in the file 168 1.1.1.3 tron system hierarchy and remove subdirectories that are no 169 1.1.1.3 tron longer needed. File position rearrangements are neces- 170 1.1.1.3 tron sary after a change in the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a></b> and/or 171 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a></b> configuration parameters. 172 1.1 tron 173 1.1.1.3 tron <b>o</b> Rename queue files created with "<a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> = 174 1.1.1.3 tron yes" to short names, for migration to Postfix <= 2.8. 175 1.1.1.3 tron The procedure is as follows: 176 1.1.1.2 tron 177 1.1.1.2 tron # postfix stop 178 1.1.1.2 tron # postconf <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no 179 1.1.1.2 tron # postsuper 180 1.1.1.2 tron 181 1.1.1.3 tron Run <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> repeatedly until it stops reporting file 182 1.1.1.3 tron name changes. 183 1.1.1.3 tron 184 1.1.1.3 tron <b>-S</b> A redundant version of <b>-s</b> that requires that long file names 185 1.1.1.3 tron also match the message file inode number. This option exists for 186 1.1.1.3 tron testing purposes, and is available with Postfix 2.9 and later. 187 1.1.1.2 tron 188 1.1.1.3 tron <b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple <b>-v</b> 189 1.1.1.3 tron options make the software increasingly verbose. 190 1.1 tron 191 1.1 tron <b>DIAGNOSTICS</b> 192 1.1.1.3 tron Problems are reported to the standard error stream and to <b>syslogd</b>(8). 193 1.1 tron 194 1.1.1.3 tron <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> reports the number of messages deleted with <b>-d</b>, the number 195 1.1.1.3 tron of messages requeued with <b>-r</b>, and the number of messages whose queue 196 1.1.1.3 tron file name was fixed with <b>-s</b>. The report is written to the standard 197 1.1.1.3 tron error stream and to <b>syslogd</b>(8). 198 1.1 tron 199 1.1 tron <b>ENVIRONMENT</b> 200 1.1 tron MAIL_CONFIG 201 1.1 tron Directory with the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> file. 202 1.1 tron 203 1.1 tron <b>BUGS</b> 204 1.1.1.3 tron Mail that is not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the <b>maildrop</b> queue) 205 1.1.1.3 tron cannot be placed "on hold". 206 1.1 tron 207 1.1 tron <b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b> 208 1.1.1.3 tron The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant to this pro- 209 1.1.1.3 tron gram. The text below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>post-</b></a> 210 1.1.1.3 tron <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>conf</b>(5)</a> for more details including examples. 211 1.1 tron 212 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 213 1.1.1.3 tron The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con- 214 1.1.1.3 tron figuration files. 215 1.1 tron 216 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a> (1)</b> 217 1.1.1.3 tron The number of subdirectory levels for queue directories listed 218 1.1.1.3 tron with the <a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> parameter. 219 1.1 tron 220 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> (deferred, defer)</b> 221 1.1.1.3 tron The names of queue directories that are split across multiple 222 1.1.1.3 tron subdirectory levels. 223 1.1 tron 224 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 225 1.1.1.3 tron The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory. 226 1.1 tron 227 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b> 228 1.1 tron The syslog facility of Postfix logging. 229 1.1 tron 230 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 231 1.1.1.3 tron The mail system name that is prepended to the process name in 232 1.1.1.3 tron syslog records, so that "smtpd" becomes, for example, "post- 233 1.1.1.3 tron fix/smtpd". 234 1.1 tron 235 1.1.1.2 tron Available in Postfix version 2.9 and later: 236 1.1.1.2 tron 237 1.1.1.2 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> (no)</b> 238 1.1.1.3 tron Enable long, non-repeating, queue IDs (queue file names). 239 1.1.1.2 tron 240 1.1 tron <b>SEE ALSO</b> 241 1.1 tron <a href="sendmail.1.html">sendmail(1)</a>, Sendmail-compatible user interface 242 1.1 tron <a href="postqueue.1.html">postqueue(1)</a>, unprivileged queue operations 243 1.1 tron 244 1.1 tron <b>LICENSE</b> 245 1.1.1.3 tron The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. 246 1.1 tron 247 1.1 tron <b>AUTHOR(S)</b> 248 1.1 tron Wietse Venema 249 1.1 tron IBM T.J. Watson Research 250 1.1 tron P.O. Box 704 251 1.1 tron Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA 252 1.1 tron 253 1.1.1.4 christos Wietse Venema 254 1.1.1.4 christos Google, Inc. 255 1.1.1.4 christos 111 8th Avenue 256 1.1.1.4 christos New York, NY 10011, USA 257 1.1.1.4 christos 258 1.1 tron POSTSUPER(1) 259 1.1 tron </pre> </body> </html> 260
Indexes created Sun Apr 26 00:22:38 UTC 2026