postsuper.1.html revision 1.1.1.2.6.1
1 <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 3 <html> <head> 4 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> 5 <title> Postfix manual - postsuper(1) </title> 6 </head> <body> <pre> 7 POSTSUPER(1) POSTSUPER(1) 8 9 <b>NAME</b> 10 postsuper - Postfix superintendent 11 12 <b>SYNOPSIS</b> 13 <b>postsuper</b> [<b>-psSv</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] [<b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 14 [<b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] 15 [<b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i>] [<i>directory ...</i>] 16 17 <b>DESCRIPTION</b> 18 The <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> command does maintenance jobs on the Postfix queue. 19 Use of the command is restricted to the superuser. See the 20 <a href="postqueue.1.html"><b>postqueue</b>(1)</a> command for unprivileged queue operations such as listing 21 or flushing the mail queue. 22 23 By default, <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> performs the operations requested with the <b>-s</b> 24 and <b>-p</b> command-line options on all Postfix queue directories - this 25 includes the <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b> directories with mail files 26 and the <b>bounce</b>, <b>defer</b>, <b>trace</b> and <b>flush</b> directories with log files. 27 28 Options: 29 30 <b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i> 31 The <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configuration file is in the named directory instead 32 of the default configuration directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG 33 environment setting below. 34 35 <b>-d</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 36 Delete one message with the named queue ID from the named mail 37 queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). 38 39 If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 40 from standard input. For example, to delete all mail with 41 exactly one recipient <b>user (a] example.com</b>: 42 43 mailq | tail +2 | grep -v '^ *(' | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } 44 # $7=sender, $8=recipient1, $9=recipient2 45 { if ($8 == "user (a] example.com" && $9 == "") 46 print $1 } 47 ' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d - 48 49 Specify "<b>-d ALL</b>" to remove all messages; for example, specify 50 "<b>-d ALL deferred</b>" to delete all mail in the <b>deferred</b> queue. As 51 a safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 52 53 Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused (always with Postfix <= 54 2.8; and with Postfix >= 2.9 when <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no). 55 There is a very small possibility that postsuper deletes the 56 wrong message file when it is executed while the Postfix mail 57 system is delivering mail. 58 59 The scenario is as follows: 60 61 1) The Postfix queue manager deletes the message that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>post-</b></a> 62 <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>super</b>(1)</a> is asked to delete, because Postfix is finished 63 with the message (it is delivered, or it is returned to 64 the sender). 65 66 2) New mail arrives, and the new message is given the same 67 queue ID as the message that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> is supposed to 68 delete. The probability for reusing a deleted queue ID 69 is about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different microsecond 70 values that the system clock can distinguish within a 71 second). 72 73 3) <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> deletes the new message, instead of the old 74 message that it should have deleted. 75 76 <b>-h</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 77 Put mail "on hold" so that no attempt is made to deliver it. 78 Move one message with the named queue ID from the named mail 79 queue(s) (default: <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>) to the <b>hold</b> 80 queue. 81 82 If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 83 from standard input. 84 85 Specify "<b>-h ALL</b>" to hold all messages; for example, specify "<b>-h</b> 86 <b>ALL deferred</b>" to hold all mail in the <b>deferred</b> queue. As a 87 safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 88 89 Note: while mail is "on hold" it will not expire when its time 90 in the queue exceeds the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or 91 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b> setting. It becomes subject to expiration 92 after it is released from "hold". 93 94 This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 95 96 <b>-H</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 97 Release mail that was put "on hold". Move one message with the 98 named queue ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>) to 99 the <b>deferred</b> queue. 100 101 If a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads queue IDs 102 from standard input. 103 104 Note: specify "<b>postsuper -r</b>" to release mail that was kept on 105 hold for a significant fraction of <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> or 106 <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a></b>, or longer. 107 108 Specify "<b>-H ALL</b>" to release all mail that is "on hold". As a 109 safety measure, the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 110 111 This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. 112 113 <b>-p</b> Purge old temporary files that are left over after system or 114 software crashes. 115 116 <b>-r</b> <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> 117 Requeue the message with the named queue ID from the named mail 118 queue(s) (default: <b>hold</b>, <b>incoming</b>, <b>active</b> and <b>deferred</b>). To 119 requeue multiple messages, specify multiple <b>-r</b> command-line 120 options. 121 122 Alternatively, if a <i>queue</i><b>_</b><i>id</i> of <b>-</b> is specified, the program 123 reads queue IDs from standard input. 124 125 Specify "<b>-r ALL</b>" to requeue all messages. As a safety measure, 126 the word <b>ALL</b> must be specified in upper case. 127 128 A requeued message is moved to the <b>maildrop</b> queue, from where it 129 is copied by the <a href="pickup.8.html"><b>pickup</b>(8)</a> and <a href="cleanup.8.html"><b>cleanup</b>(8)</a> daemons to a new queue 130 file. In many respects its handling differs from that of a new 131 local submission. 132 133 <b>o</b> The message is not subjected to the <a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_milters">smtpd_milters</a> or 134 <a href="postconf.5.html#non_smtpd_milters">non_smtpd_milters</a> settings. When mail has passed through 135 an external content filter, this would produce incorrect 136 results with Milter applications that depend on original 137 SMTP connection state information. 138 139 <b>o</b> The message is subjected again to mail address rewriting 140 and substitution. This is useful when rewriting rules or 141 virtual mappings have changed. 142 143 The address rewriting context (local or remote) is the 144 same as when the message was received. 145 146 <b>o</b> The message is subjected to the same <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> set- 147 tings (if any) as used for new local mail submissions. 148 This is useful when <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> settings have changed. 149 150 Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused (always with Postfix <= 151 2.8; and with Postfix >= 2.9 when <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no). 152 There is a very small possibility that <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> requeues the 153 wrong message file when it is executed while the Postfix mail 154 system is running, but no harm should be done. 155 156 This feature is available in Postfix 1.1 and later. 157 158 <b>-s</b> Structure check and structure repair. This should be done once 159 before Postfix startup. 160 161 <b>o</b> Rename files whose name does not match the message file 162 inode number. This operation is necessary after restoring 163 a mail queue from a different machine or from backup, 164 when queue files were created with Postfix <= 2.8 or with 165 "<a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> = no". 166 167 <b>o</b> Move queue files that are in the wrong place in the file 168 system hierarchy and remove subdirectories that are no 169 longer needed. File position rearrangements are neces- 170 sary after a change in the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a></b> and/or 171 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a></b> configuration parameters. 172 173 <b>o</b> Rename queue files created with "<a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> = 174 yes" to short names, for migration to Postfix <= 2.8. 175 The procedure is as follows: 176 177 # postfix stop 178 # postconf <a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a>=no 179 # postsuper 180 181 Run <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> repeatedly until it stops reporting file 182 name changes. 183 184 <b>-S</b> A redundant version of <b>-s</b> that requires that long file names 185 also match the message file inode number. This option exists for 186 testing purposes, and is available with Postfix 2.9 and later. 187 188 <b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple <b>-v</b> 189 options make the software increasingly verbose. 190 191 <b>DIAGNOSTICS</b> 192 Problems are reported to the standard error stream and to <b>syslogd</b>(8). 193 194 <a href="postsuper.1.html"><b>postsuper</b>(1)</a> reports the number of messages deleted with <b>-d</b>, the number 195 of messages requeued with <b>-r</b>, and the number of messages whose queue 196 file name was fixed with <b>-s</b>. The report is written to the standard 197 error stream and to <b>syslogd</b>(8). 198 199 <b>ENVIRONMENT</b> 200 MAIL_CONFIG 201 Directory with the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> file. 202 203 <b>BUGS</b> 204 Mail that is not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the <b>maildrop</b> queue) 205 cannot be placed "on hold". 206 207 <b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b> 208 The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant to this pro- 209 gram. The text below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>post-</b></a> 210 <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>conf</b>(5)</a> for more details including examples. 211 212 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 213 The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con- 214 figuration files. 215 216 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_depth">hash_queue_depth</a> (1)</b> 217 The number of subdirectory levels for queue directories listed 218 with the <a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> parameter. 219 220 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#hash_queue_names">hash_queue_names</a> (deferred, defer)</b> 221 The names of queue directories that are split across multiple 222 subdirectory levels. 223 224 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 225 The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory. 226 227 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b> 228 The syslog facility of Postfix logging. 229 230 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 231 The mail system name that is prepended to the process name in 232 syslog records, so that "smtpd" becomes, for example, "post- 233 fix/smtpd". 234 235 Available in Postfix version 2.9 and later: 236 237 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#enable_long_queue_ids">enable_long_queue_ids</a> (no)</b> 238 Enable long, non-repeating, queue IDs (queue file names). 239 240 <b>SEE ALSO</b> 241 <a href="sendmail.1.html">sendmail(1)</a>, Sendmail-compatible user interface 242 <a href="postqueue.1.html">postqueue(1)</a>, unprivileged queue operations 243 244 <b>LICENSE</b> 245 The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. 246 247 <b>AUTHOR(S)</b> 248 Wietse Venema 249 IBM T.J. Watson Research 250 P.O. Box 704 251 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA 252 253 POSTSUPER(1) 254 </pre> </body> </html> 255
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