xref: /src/lib/libc/db/hash/hash.c

/*	$NetBSD: hash.c,v 1.19 2005/01/19 00:23:44 mycroft Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Margo Seltzer.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)hash.c	8.9 (Berkeley) 6/16/94";
#else
__RCSID("$NetBSD: hash.c,v 1.19 2005/01/19 00:23:44 mycroft Exp $");
#endif
#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */

#include "namespace.h"
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#ifdef DEBUG
#include <assert.h>
#endif

#include <db.h>
#include "hash.h"
#include "page.h"
#include "extern.h"

static int   alloc_segs __P((HTAB *, int));
static int   flush_meta __P((HTAB *));
static int   hash_access __P((HTAB *, ACTION, DBT *, DBT *));
static int   hash_close __P((DB *));
static int   hash_delete __P((const DB *, const DBT *, u_int32_t));
static int   hash_fd __P((const DB *));
static int   hash_get __P((const DB *, const DBT *, DBT *, u_int32_t));
static int   hash_put __P((const DB *, DBT *, const DBT *, u_int32_t));
static void *hash_realloc __P((SEGMENT **, int, int));
static int   hash_seq __P((const DB *, DBT *, DBT *, u_int32_t));
static int   hash_sync __P((const DB *, u_int32_t));
static int   hdestroy __P((HTAB *));
static HTAB *init_hash __P((HTAB *, const char *, const HASHINFO *));
static int   init_htab __P((HTAB *, size_t));
#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
static void  swap_header __P((HTAB *));
static void  swap_header_copy __P((HASHHDR *, HASHHDR *));
#endif

/* Fast arithmetic, relying on powers of 2, */
#define MOD(x, y)		((x) & ((y) - 1))

#define RETURN_ERROR(ERR, LOC)	{ save_errno = ERR; goto LOC; }

/* Return values */
#define	SUCCESS	 (0)
#define	ERROR	(-1)
#define	ABNORMAL (1)

#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS
int hash_accesses, hash_collisions, hash_expansions, hash_overflows;
#endif

/************************** INTERFACE ROUTINES ***************************/
/* OPEN/CLOSE */

/* ARGSUSED */
extern DB *
__hash_open(file, flags, mode, info, dflags)
	const char *file;
	int flags;
	mode_t mode;
	const HASHINFO *info;	/* Special directives for create */
	int dflags;
{
	HTAB *hashp;
	struct stat statbuf;
	DB *dbp;
	int bpages, hdrsize, new_table, nsegs, save_errno;

	if ((flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_WRONLY) {
		errno = EINVAL;
		return (NULL);
	}

	if (!(hashp = (HTAB *)calloc(1, sizeof(HTAB))))
		return (NULL);
	hashp->fp = -1;

	/*
	 * Even if user wants write only, we need to be able to read
	 * the actual file, so we need to open it read/write. But, the
	 * field in the hashp structure needs to be accurate so that
	 * we can check accesses.
	 */
	hashp->flags = flags;

	new_table = 0;
	if (!file || (flags & O_TRUNC) ||
	    (stat(file, &statbuf) && (errno == ENOENT))) {
		if (errno == ENOENT)
			errno = 0; /* Just in case someone looks at errno */
		new_table = 1;
	}
	if (file) {
		if ((hashp->fp = open(file, flags, mode)) == -1)
			RETURN_ERROR(errno, error0);
		if (fcntl(hashp->fp, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1)
			RETURN_ERROR(errno, error1);
	}
	if (new_table) {
		if (!(hashp = init_hash(hashp, file, info)))
			RETURN_ERROR(errno, error1);
	} else {
		/* Table already exists */
		if (info && info->hash)
			hashp->hash = info->hash;
		else
			hashp->hash = __default_hash;

		hdrsize = read(hashp->fp, &hashp->hdr, sizeof(HASHHDR));
#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
		swap_header(hashp);
#endif
		if (hdrsize == -1)
			RETURN_ERROR(errno, error1);
		if (hdrsize != sizeof(HASHHDR))
			RETURN_ERROR(EFTYPE, error1);
		/* Verify file type, versions and hash function */
		if (hashp->MAGIC != HASHMAGIC)
			RETURN_ERROR(EFTYPE, error1);
#define	OLDHASHVERSION	1
		if (hashp->VERSION != HASHVERSION &&
		    hashp->VERSION != OLDHASHVERSION)
			RETURN_ERROR(EFTYPE, error1);
		if (hashp->hash(CHARKEY, sizeof(CHARKEY)) != hashp->H_CHARKEY)
			RETURN_ERROR(EFTYPE, error1);
		/*
		 * Figure out how many segments we need.  Max_Bucket is the
		 * maximum bucket number, so the number of buckets is
		 * max_bucket + 1.
		 */
		nsegs = (hashp->MAX_BUCKET + 1 + hashp->SGSIZE - 1) /
			 hashp->SGSIZE;
		hashp->nsegs = 0;
		if (alloc_segs(hashp, nsegs))
			/*
			 * If alloc_segs fails, table will have been destroyed
			 * and errno will have been set.
			 */
			return (NULL);
		/* Read in bitmaps */
		bpages = (hashp->SPARES[hashp->OVFL_POINT] +
		    (unsigned int)(hashp->BSIZE << BYTE_SHIFT) - 1) >>
		    (hashp->BSHIFT + BYTE_SHIFT);

		hashp->nmaps = bpages;
		(void)memset(&hashp->mapp[0], 0, bpages * sizeof(u_int32_t *));
	}

	/* Initialize Buffer Manager */
	if (info && info->cachesize)
		__buf_init(hashp, info->cachesize);
	else
		__buf_init(hashp, DEF_BUFSIZE);

	hashp->new_file = new_table;
	hashp->save_file = file && (hashp->flags & O_RDWR);
	hashp->cbucket = -1;
	if (!(dbp = (DB *)malloc(sizeof(DB)))) {
		save_errno = errno;
		hdestroy(hashp);
		errno = save_errno;
		return (NULL);
	}
	dbp->internal = hashp;
	dbp->close = hash_close;
	dbp->del = hash_delete;
	dbp->fd = hash_fd;
	dbp->get = hash_get;
	dbp->put = hash_put;
	dbp->seq = hash_seq;
	dbp->sync = hash_sync;
	dbp->type = DB_HASH;

#ifdef DEBUG
	(void)fprintf(stderr,
"%s\n%s%p\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%d\n%s%x\n%s%x\n%s%d\n%s%d\n",
	    "init_htab:",
	    "TABLE POINTER   ", hashp,
	    "BUCKET SIZE     ", hashp->BSIZE,
	    "BUCKET SHIFT    ", hashp->BSHIFT,
	    "DIRECTORY SIZE  ", hashp->DSIZE,
	    "SEGMENT SIZE    ", hashp->SGSIZE,
	    "SEGMENT SHIFT   ", hashp->SSHIFT,
	    "FILL FACTOR     ", hashp->FFACTOR,
	    "MAX BUCKET      ", hashp->MAX_BUCKET,
	    "OVFL POINT	     ", hashp->OVFL_POINT,
	    "LAST FREED      ", hashp->LAST_FREED,
	    "HIGH MASK       ", hashp->HIGH_MASK,
	    "LOW  MASK       ", hashp->LOW_MASK,
	    "NSEGS           ", hashp->nsegs,
	    "NKEYS           ", hashp->NKEYS);
#endif
#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS
	hash_overflows = hash_accesses = hash_collisions = hash_expansions = 0;
#endif
	return (dbp);

error1:
	if (hashp != NULL)
		(void)close(hashp->fp);

error0:
	free(hashp);
	errno = save_errno;
	return (NULL);
}

static int
hash_close(dbp)
	DB *dbp;
{
	HTAB *hashp;
	int retval;

	if (!dbp)
		return (ERROR);

	hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal;
	retval = hdestroy(hashp);
	free(dbp);
	return (retval);
}

static int
hash_fd(dbp)
	const DB *dbp;
{
	HTAB *hashp;

	if (!dbp)
		return (ERROR);

	hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal;
	if (hashp->fp == -1) {
		errno = ENOENT;
		return (-1);
	}
	return (hashp->fp);
}

/************************** LOCAL CREATION ROUTINES **********************/
static HTAB *
init_hash(hashp, file, info)
	HTAB *hashp;
	const char *file;
	const HASHINFO *info;
{
	struct stat statbuf;
	int nelem;

	nelem = 1;
	hashp->NKEYS = 0;
	hashp->LORDER = BYTE_ORDER;
	hashp->BSIZE = DEF_BUCKET_SIZE;
	hashp->BSHIFT = DEF_BUCKET_SHIFT;
	hashp->SGSIZE = DEF_SEGSIZE;
	hashp->SSHIFT = DEF_SEGSIZE_SHIFT;
	hashp->DSIZE = DEF_DIRSIZE;
	hashp->FFACTOR = DEF_FFACTOR;
	hashp->hash = __default_hash;
	memset(hashp->SPARES, 0, sizeof(hashp->SPARES));
	memset(hashp->BITMAPS, 0, sizeof (hashp->BITMAPS));

	/* Fix bucket size to be optimal for file system */
	if (file != NULL) {
		if (stat(file, &statbuf))
			return (NULL);
		hashp->BSIZE = MIN(statbuf.st_blksize, MAX_BSIZE - 1);
		hashp->BSHIFT = __log2((u_int32_t)hashp->BSIZE);
	}

	if (info) {
		if (info->bsize) {
			/* Round pagesize up to power of 2 */
			hashp->BSHIFT = __log2(info->bsize);
			hashp->BSIZE = 1 << hashp->BSHIFT;
			if (hashp->BSIZE >= MAX_BSIZE) {
				errno = EINVAL;
				return (NULL);
			}
		}
		if (info->ffactor)
			hashp->FFACTOR = info->ffactor;
		if (info->hash)
			hashp->hash = info->hash;
		if (info->nelem)
			nelem = info->nelem;
		if (info->lorder) {
			if (info->lorder != BIG_ENDIAN &&
			    info->lorder != LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
				errno = EINVAL;
				return (NULL);
			}
			hashp->LORDER = info->lorder;
		}
	}
	/* init_htab should destroy the table and set errno if it fails */
	if (init_htab(hashp, (size_t)nelem))
		return (NULL);
	else
		return (hashp);
}
/*
 * This calls alloc_segs which may run out of memory.  Alloc_segs will destroy
 * the table and set errno, so we just pass the error information along.
 *
 * Returns 0 on No Error
 */
static int
init_htab(hashp, nelem)
	HTAB *hashp;
	size_t nelem;
{
	register int nbuckets;
	u_int32_t nsegs;
	int l2;

	/*
	 * Divide number of elements by the fill factor and determine a
	 * desired number of buckets.  Allocate space for the next greater
	 * power of two number of buckets.
	 */
	nelem = (nelem - 1) / hashp->FFACTOR + 1;

	l2 = __log2(MAX(nelem, 2));
	nbuckets = 1 << l2;

	hashp->SPARES[l2] = l2 + 1;
	hashp->SPARES[l2 + 1] = l2 + 1;
	hashp->OVFL_POINT = l2;
	hashp->LAST_FREED = 2;

	/* First bitmap page is at: splitpoint l2 page offset 1 */
	if (__ibitmap(hashp, (int)OADDR_OF(l2, 1), l2 + 1, 0))
		return (-1);

	hashp->MAX_BUCKET = hashp->LOW_MASK = nbuckets - 1;
	hashp->HIGH_MASK = (nbuckets << 1) - 1;
	/* LINTED constant in conditional context */
	hashp->HDRPAGES = ((MAX(sizeof(HASHHDR), MINHDRSIZE) - 1) >>
	    hashp->BSHIFT) + 1;

	nsegs = (nbuckets - 1) / hashp->SGSIZE + 1;
	nsegs = 1 << __log2(nsegs);

	if (nsegs > hashp->DSIZE)
		hashp->DSIZE = nsegs;
	return (alloc_segs(hashp, (int)nsegs));
}

/********************** DESTROY/CLOSE ROUTINES ************************/

/*
 * Flushes any changes to the file if necessary and destroys the hashp
 * structure, freeing all allocated space.
 */
static int
hdestroy(hashp)
	HTAB *hashp;
{
	int i, save_errno;

	save_errno = 0;

#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "hdestroy: accesses %ld collisions %ld\n",
	    hash_accesses, hash_collisions);
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "hdestroy: expansions %ld\n",
	    hash_expansions);
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "hdestroy: overflows %ld\n",
	    hash_overflows);
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "keys %ld maxp %d segmentcount %d\n",
	    hashp->NKEYS, hashp->MAX_BUCKET, hashp->nsegs);

	for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++)
		(void)fprintf(stderr,
		    "spares[%d] = %d\n", i, hashp->SPARES[i]);
#endif
	/*
	 * Call on buffer manager to free buffers, and if required,
	 * write them to disk.
	 */
	if (__buf_free(hashp, 1, hashp->save_file))
		save_errno = errno;
	if (hashp->dir) {
		free(*hashp->dir);	/* Free initial segments */
		/* Free extra segments */
		while (hashp->exsegs--)
			free(hashp->dir[--hashp->nsegs]);
		free(hashp->dir);
	}
	if (flush_meta(hashp) && !save_errno)
		save_errno = errno;
	/* Free Bigmaps */
	for (i = 0; i < hashp->nmaps; i++)
		if (hashp->mapp[i])
			free(hashp->mapp[i]);

	if (hashp->fp != -1)
		(void)close(hashp->fp);

	free(hashp);

	if (save_errno) {
		errno = save_errno;
		return (ERROR);
	}
	return (SUCCESS);
}
/*
 * Write modified pages to disk
 *
 * Returns:
 *	 0 == OK
 *	-1 ERROR
 */
static int
hash_sync(dbp, flags)
	const DB *dbp;
	u_int32_t flags;
{
	HTAB *hashp;

	if (flags != 0) {
		errno = EINVAL;
		return (ERROR);
	}

	if (!dbp)
		return (ERROR);

	hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal;
	if (!hashp->save_file)
		return (0);
	if (__buf_free(hashp, 0, 1) || flush_meta(hashp))
		return (ERROR);
	hashp->new_file = 0;
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Returns:
 *	 0 == OK
 *	-1 indicates that errno should be set
 */
static int
flush_meta(hashp)
	HTAB *hashp;
{
	HASHHDR *whdrp;
#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
	HASHHDR whdr;
#endif
	int fp, i, wsize;

	if (!hashp->save_file)
		return (0);
	hashp->MAGIC = HASHMAGIC;
	hashp->VERSION = HASHVERSION;
	hashp->H_CHARKEY = hashp->hash(CHARKEY, sizeof(CHARKEY));

	fp = hashp->fp;
	whdrp = &hashp->hdr;
#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
	whdrp = &whdr;
	swap_header_copy(&hashp->hdr, whdrp);
#endif
	if ((wsize = pwrite(fp, whdrp, sizeof(HASHHDR), (off_t)0)) == -1)
		return (-1);
	else
		if (wsize != sizeof(HASHHDR)) {
			errno = EFTYPE;
			hashp->err = errno;
			return (-1);
		}
	for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++)
		if (hashp->mapp[i])
			if (__put_page(hashp, (char *)(void *)hashp->mapp[i],
				(u_int)hashp->BITMAPS[i], 0, 1))
				return (-1);
	return (0);
}

/*******************************SEARCH ROUTINES *****************************/
/*
 * All the access routines return
 *
 * Returns:
 *	 0 on SUCCESS
 *	 1 to indicate an external ERROR (i.e. key not found, etc)
 *	-1 to indicate an internal ERROR (i.e. out of memory, etc)
 */
static int
hash_get(dbp, key, data, flag)
	const DB *dbp;
	const DBT *key;
	DBT *data;
	u_int32_t flag;
{
	HTAB *hashp;

	hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal;
	if (flag) {
		hashp->err = errno = EINVAL;
		return (ERROR);
	}
	/* LINTED const castaway */
	return (hash_access(hashp, HASH_GET, (DBT *)key, data));
}

static int
hash_put(dbp, key, data, flag)
	const DB *dbp;
	DBT *key;
	const DBT *data;
	u_int32_t flag;
{
	HTAB *hashp;

	hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal;
	if (flag && flag != R_NOOVERWRITE) {
		hashp->err = errno = EINVAL;
		return (ERROR);
	}
	if ((hashp->flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDONLY) {
		hashp->err = errno = EPERM;
		return (ERROR);
	}
	/* LINTED const castaway */
	return (hash_access(hashp, flag == R_NOOVERWRITE ?
	    HASH_PUTNEW : HASH_PUT, (DBT *)key, (DBT *)data));
}

static int
hash_delete(dbp, key, flag)
	const DB *dbp;
	const DBT *key;
	u_int32_t flag;		/* Ignored */
{
	HTAB *hashp;

	hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal;
	if (flag && flag != R_CURSOR) {
		hashp->err = errno = EINVAL;
		return (ERROR);
	}
	if ((hashp->flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDONLY) {
		hashp->err = errno = EPERM;
		return (ERROR);
	}
	/* LINTED const castaway */
	return (hash_access(hashp, HASH_DELETE, (DBT *)key, NULL));
}

/*
 * Assume that hashp has been set in wrapper routine.
 */
static int
hash_access(hashp, action, key, val)
	HTAB *hashp;
	ACTION action;
	DBT *key, *val;
{
	register BUFHEAD *rbufp;
	BUFHEAD *bufp, *save_bufp;
	register u_int16_t *bp;
	register int n, ndx, off;
	size_t size;
	register char *kp;
	u_int16_t pageno;

#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS
	hash_accesses++;
#endif

	off = hashp->BSIZE;
	size = key->size;
	kp = (char *)key->data;
	rbufp = __get_buf(hashp, __call_hash(hashp, kp, (int)size), NULL, 0);
	if (!rbufp)
		return (ERROR);
	save_bufp = rbufp;

	/* Pin the bucket chain */
	rbufp->flags |= BUF_PIN;
	for (bp = (u_int16_t *)(void *)rbufp->page, n = *bp++, ndx = 1; ndx < n;)
		if (bp[1] >= REAL_KEY) {
			/* Real key/data pair */
			if (size == off - *bp &&
			    memcmp(kp, rbufp->page + *bp, size) == 0)
				goto found;
			off = bp[1];
#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS
			hash_collisions++;
#endif
			bp += 2;
			ndx += 2;
		} else if (bp[1] == OVFLPAGE) {
			rbufp = __get_buf(hashp, (u_int32_t)*bp, rbufp, 0);
			if (!rbufp) {
				save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
				return (ERROR);
			}
			/* FOR LOOP INIT */
			bp = (u_int16_t *)(void *)rbufp->page;
			n = *bp++;
			ndx = 1;
			off = hashp->BSIZE;
		} else if (bp[1] < REAL_KEY) {
			if ((ndx =
			    __find_bigpair(hashp, rbufp, ndx, kp, (int)size)) > 0)
				goto found;
			if (ndx == -2) {
				bufp = rbufp;
				if (!(pageno =
				    __find_last_page(hashp, &bufp))) {
					ndx = 0;
					rbufp = bufp;
					break;	/* FOR */
				}
				rbufp = __get_buf(hashp, (u_int32_t)pageno,
				    bufp, 0);
				if (!rbufp) {
					save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
					return (ERROR);
				}
				/* FOR LOOP INIT */
				bp = (u_int16_t *)(void *)rbufp->page;
				n = *bp++;
				ndx = 1;
				off = hashp->BSIZE;
			} else {
				save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
				return (ERROR);
			}
		}

	/* Not found */
	switch (action) {
	case HASH_PUT:
	case HASH_PUTNEW:
		if (__addel(hashp, rbufp, key, val)) {
			save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
			return (ERROR);
		} else {
			save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
			return (SUCCESS);
		}
	case HASH_GET:
	case HASH_DELETE:
	default:
		save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
		return (ABNORMAL);
	}

found:
	switch (action) {
	case HASH_PUTNEW:
		save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
		return (ABNORMAL);
	case HASH_GET:
		bp = (u_int16_t *)(void *)rbufp->page;
		if (bp[ndx + 1] < REAL_KEY) {
			if (__big_return(hashp, rbufp, ndx, val, 0))
				return (ERROR);
		} else {
			val->data = (u_char *)rbufp->page + (int)bp[ndx + 1];
			val->size = bp[ndx] - bp[ndx + 1];
		}
		break;
	case HASH_PUT:
		if ((__delpair(hashp, rbufp, ndx)) ||
		    (__addel(hashp, rbufp, key, val))) {
			save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
			return (ERROR);
		}
		break;
	case HASH_DELETE:
		if (__delpair(hashp, rbufp, ndx))
			return (ERROR);
		break;
	default:
		abort();
	}
	save_bufp->flags &= ~BUF_PIN;
	return (SUCCESS);
}

static int
hash_seq(dbp, key, data, flag)
	const DB *dbp;
	DBT *key, *data;
	u_int32_t flag;
{
	register u_int32_t bucket;
	register BUFHEAD *bufp;
	HTAB *hashp;
	u_int16_t *bp, ndx;

	hashp = (HTAB *)dbp->internal;
	if (flag && flag != R_FIRST && flag != R_NEXT) {
		hashp->err = errno = EINVAL;
		return (ERROR);
	}
#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS
	hash_accesses++;
#endif
	if ((hashp->cbucket < 0) || (flag == R_FIRST)) {
		hashp->cbucket = 0;
		hashp->cndx = 1;
		hashp->cpage = NULL;
	}

	for (bp = NULL; !bp || !bp[0]; ) {
		if (!(bufp = hashp->cpage)) {
			for (bucket = hashp->cbucket;
			    bucket <= hashp->MAX_BUCKET;
			    bucket++, hashp->cndx = 1) {
				bufp = __get_buf(hashp, bucket, NULL, 0);
				if (!bufp)
					return (ERROR);
				hashp->cpage = bufp;
				bp = (u_int16_t *)(void *)bufp->page;
				if (bp[0])
					break;
			}
			hashp->cbucket = bucket;
			if (hashp->cbucket > hashp->MAX_BUCKET) {
				hashp->cbucket = -1;
				return (ABNORMAL);
			}
		} else
			bp = (u_int16_t *)(void *)hashp->cpage->page;

#ifdef DEBUG
		assert(bp);
		assert(bufp);
#endif
		while (bp[hashp->cndx + 1] == OVFLPAGE) {
			bufp = hashp->cpage =
			    __get_buf(hashp, (u_int32_t)bp[hashp->cndx], bufp,
				0);
			if (!bufp)
				return (ERROR);
			bp = (u_int16_t *)(void *)(bufp->page);
			hashp->cndx = 1;
		}
		if (!bp[0]) {
			hashp->cpage = NULL;
			++hashp->cbucket;
		}
	}
	ndx = hashp->cndx;
	if (bp[ndx + 1] < REAL_KEY) {
		if (__big_keydata(hashp, bufp, key, data, 1))
			return (ERROR);
	} else {
		key->data = (u_char *)hashp->cpage->page + bp[ndx];
		key->size = (ndx > 1 ? bp[ndx - 1] : hashp->BSIZE) - bp[ndx];
		data->data = (u_char *)hashp->cpage->page + bp[ndx + 1];
		data->size = bp[ndx] - bp[ndx + 1];
		ndx += 2;
		if (ndx > bp[0]) {
			hashp->cpage = NULL;
			hashp->cbucket++;
			hashp->cndx = 1;
		} else
			hashp->cndx = ndx;
	}
	return (SUCCESS);
}

/********************************* UTILITIES ************************/

/*
 * Returns:
 *	 0 ==> OK
 *	-1 ==> Error
 */
extern int
__expand_table(hashp)
	HTAB *hashp;
{
	u_int32_t old_bucket, new_bucket;
	int dirsize, new_segnum, spare_ndx;

#ifdef HASH_STATISTICS
	hash_expansions++;
#endif
	new_bucket = ++hashp->MAX_BUCKET;
	old_bucket = (hashp->MAX_BUCKET & hashp->LOW_MASK);

	new_segnum = new_bucket >> hashp->SSHIFT;

	/* Check if we need a new segment */
	if (new_segnum >= hashp->nsegs) {
		/* Check if we need to expand directory */
		if (new_segnum >= hashp->DSIZE) {
			/* Reallocate directory */
			dirsize = hashp->DSIZE * sizeof(SEGMENT *);
			if (!hash_realloc(&hashp->dir, dirsize, dirsize << 1))
				return (-1);
			hashp->DSIZE = dirsize << 1;
		}
		if ((hashp->dir[new_segnum] =
		    (SEGMENT)calloc((size_t)hashp->SGSIZE, sizeof(SEGMENT))) == NULL)
			return (-1);
		hashp->exsegs++;
		hashp->nsegs++;
	}
	/*
	 * If the split point is increasing (MAX_BUCKET's log base 2
	 * * increases), we need to copy the current contents of the spare
	 * split bucket to the next bucket.
	 */
	spare_ndx = __log2((u_int32_t)(hashp->MAX_BUCKET + 1));
	if (spare_ndx > hashp->OVFL_POINT) {
		hashp->SPARES[spare_ndx] = hashp->SPARES[hashp->OVFL_POINT];
		hashp->OVFL_POINT = spare_ndx;
	}

	if (new_bucket > hashp->HIGH_MASK) {
		/* Starting a new doubling */
		hashp->LOW_MASK = hashp->HIGH_MASK;
		hashp->HIGH_MASK = new_bucket | hashp->LOW_MASK;
	}
	/* Relocate records to the new bucket */
	return (__split_page(hashp, old_bucket, new_bucket));
}

/*
 * If realloc guarantees that the pointer is not destroyed if the realloc
 * fails, then this routine can go away.
 */
static void *
hash_realloc(p_ptr, oldsize, newsize)
	SEGMENT **p_ptr;
	int oldsize, newsize;
{
	register void *p;

	if ((p = malloc((size_t)newsize)) != NULL) {
		memmove(p, *p_ptr, (size_t)oldsize);
		memset((char *)p + oldsize, 0, (size_t)(newsize - oldsize));
		free(*p_ptr);
		*p_ptr = p;
	}
	return (p);
}

extern u_int32_t
__call_hash(hashp, k, len)
	HTAB *hashp;
	char *k;
	int len;
{
	int n, bucket;

	n = hashp->hash(k, (size_t)len);
	bucket = n & hashp->HIGH_MASK;
	if (bucket > hashp->MAX_BUCKET)
		bucket = bucket & hashp->LOW_MASK;
	return (bucket);
}

/*
 * Allocate segment table.  On error, destroy the table and set errno.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success
 */
static int
alloc_segs(hashp, nsegs)
	HTAB *hashp;
	int nsegs;
{
	register int i;
	register SEGMENT store;

	int save_errno;

	if ((hashp->dir =
	    (SEGMENT *)calloc((size_t)hashp->DSIZE,
	    sizeof(SEGMENT *))) == NULL) {
		save_errno = errno;
		(void)hdestroy(hashp);
		errno = save_errno;
		return (-1);
	}
	/* Allocate segments */
	if ((store =
	    (SEGMENT)calloc((size_t)(nsegs << hashp->SSHIFT),
	    sizeof(SEGMENT))) == NULL) {
		save_errno = errno;
		(void)hdestroy(hashp);
		errno = save_errno;
		return (-1);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < nsegs; i++, hashp->nsegs++)
		hashp->dir[i] = &store[i << hashp->SSHIFT];
	return (0);
}

#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
/*
 * Hashp->hdr needs to be byteswapped.
 */
static void
swap_header_copy(srcp, destp)
	HASHHDR *srcp, *destp;
{
	int i;

	P_32_COPY(srcp->magic, destp->magic);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->version, destp->version);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->lorder, destp->lorder);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->bsize, destp->bsize);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->bshift, destp->bshift);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->dsize, destp->dsize);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->ssize, destp->ssize);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->sshift, destp->sshift);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->ovfl_point, destp->ovfl_point);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->last_freed, destp->last_freed);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->max_bucket, destp->max_bucket);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->high_mask, destp->high_mask);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->low_mask, destp->low_mask);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->ffactor, destp->ffactor);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->nkeys, destp->nkeys);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->hdrpages, destp->hdrpages);
	P_32_COPY(srcp->h_charkey, destp->h_charkey);
	for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++) {
		P_32_COPY(srcp->spares[i], destp->spares[i]);
		P_16_COPY(srcp->bitmaps[i], destp->bitmaps[i]);
	}
}

static void
swap_header(hashp)
	HTAB *hashp;
{
	HASHHDR *hdrp;
	int i;

	hdrp = &hashp->hdr;

	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->magic);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->version);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->lorder);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->bsize);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->bshift);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->dsize);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->ssize);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->sshift);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->ovfl_point);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->last_freed);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->max_bucket);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->high_mask);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->low_mask);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->ffactor);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->nkeys);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->hdrpages);
	M_32_SWAP(hdrp->h_charkey);
	for (i = 0; i < NCACHED; i++) {
		M_32_SWAP(hdrp->spares[i]);
		M_16_SWAP(hdrp->bitmaps[i]);
	}
}
#endif