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from: @(#)ioctl.2 6.4 (Berkeley) 3/10/91
$Id: ioctl.2,v 1.3 1993/11/25 00:39:10 jtc Exp $
.Dd March 10, 1991 .Dt IOCTL 2 .Os BSD 4 .Sh NAME .Nm ioctl .Nd control device .Sh SYNOPSIS .Fd #include <sys/ioctl.h> .Ft int .Fn ioctl "int d" "unsigned long request" "char *argp" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Fn ioctl function manipulates the underlying device parameters of special files. In particular, many operating characteristics of character special files (e.g. terminals) may be controlled with .Fn ioctl requests. The argument .Fa d must be an open file descriptor.
p An ioctl .Fa request has encoded in it whether the argument is an .Dq in parameter or .Dq out parameter, and the size of the argument .Fa argp in bytes. Macros and defines used in specifying an ioctl .Fa request are located in the file .Ao Pa sys/ioctl.h Ac . .Sh RETURN VALUES If an error has occurred, a value of -1 is returned and .Va errno is set to indicate the error. .Sh ERRORS .Fn Ioctl will fail: l -tag -width [ENOTTY] t Bq Er EBADF .Fa d is not a valid descriptor. t Bq Er ENOTTY .Fa d is not associated with a character special device. t Bq Er ENOTTY The specified request does not apply to the kind of object that the descriptor .Fa d references. t Bq Er EINVAL .Fa Request or .Fa argp is not valid. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr execve 2 , .Xr fcntl 2 , .Xr mt 4 , .Xr tty 4 , .Xr intro 4 .Sh HISTORY An .Fn ioctl function call appeared in .At v7 .