login_cap.c revision 1.15 1 /* $NetBSD: login_cap.c,v 1.15 2003/10/25 07:31:27 christos Exp $ */
2
3 /*-
4 * Copyright (c) 1995,1997 Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
5 *
6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * are met:
9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
15 * must display the following acknowledgement:
16 * This product includes software developed by Berkeley Software Design,
17 * Inc.
18 * 4. The name of Berkeley Software Design, Inc. may not be used to endorse
19 * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
20 * written permission.
21 *
22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN, INC. BE LIABLE
26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32 * SUCH DAMAGE.
33 *
34 * BSDI login_cap.c,v 2.13 1998/02/07 03:17:05 prb Exp
35 */
36
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
39 __RCSID("$NetBSD: login_cap.c,v 1.15 2003/10/25 07:31:27 christos Exp $");
40 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
41
42 #include <sys/types.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <sys/time.h>
45 #include <sys/resource.h>
46
47 #include <assert.h>
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <err.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <fcntl.h>
52 #include <limits.h>
53 #include <login_cap.h>
54 #include <paths.h>
55 #include <pwd.h>
56 #include <stdio.h>
57 #include <stdlib.h>
58 #include <string.h>
59 #include <syslog.h>
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 #include <util.h>
62
63 static void setuserpath(login_cap_t *, char *);
64 static u_quad_t multiply(u_quad_t, u_quad_t);
65 static u_quad_t strtolimit(char *, char **, int);
66 static u_quad_t strtosize(char *, char **, int);
67 static int gsetrl(login_cap_t *, int, char *, int type);
68 static int setuserenv(login_cap_t *);
69 static int isinfinite(const char *);
70
71 login_cap_t *
72 login_getclass(char *class)
73 {
74 char *classfiles[2];
75 login_cap_t *lc;
76 int res;
77
78 /* class may be NULL */
79
80 if (secure_path(_PATH_LOGIN_CONF) == 0) {
81 classfiles[0] = _PATH_LOGIN_CONF;
82 classfiles[1] = NULL;
83 } else {
84 classfiles[0] = NULL;
85 }
86
87 if ((lc = malloc(sizeof(login_cap_t))) == NULL) {
88 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s:%d malloc: %m", __FILE__, __LINE__);
89 return (0);
90 }
91
92 lc->lc_cap = 0;
93 lc->lc_style = 0;
94
95 if (class == NULL || class[0] == '\0')
96 class = LOGIN_DEFCLASS;
97
98 if ((lc->lc_class = strdup(class)) == NULL) {
99 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s:%d strdup: %m", __FILE__, __LINE__);
100 free(lc);
101 return (0);
102 }
103
104 /*
105 * Not having a login.conf file is not an error condition.
106 * The individual routines deal reasonably with missing
107 * capabilities and use default values.
108 */
109 if (classfiles[0] == NULL)
110 return(lc);
111
112 if ((res = cgetent(&lc->lc_cap, classfiles, lc->lc_class)) != 0) {
113 lc->lc_cap = 0;
114 switch (res) {
115 case 1:
116 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: couldn't resolve 'tc'",
117 lc->lc_class);
118 break;
119 case -1:
120 if ((res = open(classfiles[0], 0)) >= 0)
121 close(res);
122 if (strcmp(lc->lc_class, LOGIN_DEFCLASS) == 0 &&
123 res < 0)
124 return (lc);
125 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: unknown class", lc->lc_class);
126 break;
127 case -2:
128 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: getting class information: %m",
129 lc->lc_class);
130 break;
131 case -3:
132 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: 'tc' reference loop",
133 lc->lc_class);
134 break;
135 default:
136 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: unexpected cgetent error",
137 lc->lc_class);
138 break;
139 }
140 free(lc->lc_class);
141 free(lc);
142 return (0);
143 }
144 return (lc);
145 }
146
147 login_cap_t *
148 login_getpwclass(const struct passwd *pwd)
149 {
150
151 /* pwd may be NULL */
152
153 return login_getclass(pwd ? pwd->pw_class : NULL);
154 }
155
156 char *
157 login_getcapstr(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, char *def, char *e)
158 {
159 char *res = NULL;
160 int status;
161
162 errno = 0;
163
164 _DIAGASSERT(cap != NULL);
165
166 if (!lc || !lc->lc_cap)
167 return (def);
168
169 switch (status = cgetstr(lc->lc_cap, cap, &res)) {
170 case -1:
171 if (res)
172 free(res);
173 return (def);
174 case -2:
175 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: getting capability %s: %m",
176 lc->lc_class, cap);
177 if (res)
178 free(res);
179 return (e);
180 default:
181 if (status >= 0)
182 return (res);
183 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: unexpected error with capability %s",
184 lc->lc_class, cap);
185 if (res)
186 free(res);
187 return (e);
188 }
189 }
190
191 quad_t
192 login_getcaptime(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, quad_t def, quad_t e)
193 {
194 char *ep;
195 char *res = NULL, *sres;
196 int status;
197 quad_t q, r;
198
199 _DIAGASSERT(cap != NULL);
200
201 errno = 0;
202 if (!lc || !lc->lc_cap)
203 return (def);
204
205 switch (status = cgetstr(lc->lc_cap, cap, &res)) {
206 case -1:
207 if (res)
208 free(res);
209 return (def);
210 case -2:
211 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: getting capability %s: %m",
212 lc->lc_class, cap);
213 errno = ERANGE;
214 if (res)
215 free(res);
216 return (e);
217 default:
218 if (status >= 0)
219 break;
220 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: unexpected error with capability %s",
221 lc->lc_class, cap);
222 errno = ERANGE;
223 if (res)
224 free(res);
225 return (e);
226 }
227
228 if (isinfinite(res))
229 return (RLIM_INFINITY);
230
231 errno = 0;
232
233 q = 0;
234 sres = res;
235 while (*res) {
236 r = strtoq(res, &ep, 0);
237 if (!ep || ep == res ||
238 ((r == QUAD_MIN || r == QUAD_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)) {
239 invalid:
240 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s:%s=%s: invalid time",
241 lc->lc_class, cap, sres);
242 errno = ERANGE;
243 free(sres);
244 return (e);
245 }
246 switch (*ep++) {
247 case '\0':
248 --ep;
249 break;
250 case 's': case 'S':
251 break;
252 case 'm': case 'M':
253 r *= 60;
254 break;
255 case 'h': case 'H':
256 r *= 60 * 60;
257 break;
258 case 'd': case 'D':
259 r *= 60 * 60 * 24;
260 break;
261 case 'w': case 'W':
262 r *= 60 * 60 * 24 * 7;
263 break;
264 case 'y': case 'Y': /* Pretty absurd */
265 r *= 60 * 60 * 24 * 365;
266 break;
267 default:
268 goto invalid;
269 }
270 res = ep;
271 q += r;
272 }
273 free(sres);
274 return (q);
275 }
276
277 quad_t
278 login_getcapnum(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, quad_t def, quad_t e)
279 {
280 char *ep;
281 char *res = NULL;
282 int status;
283 quad_t q;
284
285 _DIAGASSERT(cap != NULL);
286
287 errno = 0;
288 if (!lc || !lc->lc_cap)
289 return (def);
290
291 switch (status = cgetstr(lc->lc_cap, cap, &res)) {
292 case -1:
293 if (res)
294 free(res);
295 return (def);
296 case -2:
297 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: getting capability %s: %m",
298 lc->lc_class, cap);
299 errno = ERANGE;
300 if (res)
301 free(res);
302 return (e);
303 default:
304 if (status >= 0)
305 break;
306 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: unexpected error with capability %s",
307 lc->lc_class, cap);
308 errno = ERANGE;
309 if (res)
310 free(res);
311 return (e);
312 }
313
314 if (isinfinite(res))
315 return (RLIM_INFINITY);
316
317 errno = 0;
318 q = strtoq(res, &ep, 0);
319 if (!ep || ep == res || ep[0] ||
320 ((q == QUAD_MIN || q == QUAD_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)) {
321 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s:%s=%s: invalid number",
322 lc->lc_class, cap, res);
323 errno = ERANGE;
324 free(res);
325 return (e);
326 }
327 free(res);
328 return (q);
329 }
330
331 quad_t
332 login_getcapsize(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, quad_t def, quad_t e)
333 {
334 char *ep;
335 char *res = NULL;
336 int status;
337 quad_t q;
338
339 _DIAGASSERT(cap != NULL);
340
341 errno = 0;
342
343 if (!lc || !lc->lc_cap)
344 return (def);
345
346 switch (status = cgetstr(lc->lc_cap, cap, &res)) {
347 case -1:
348 if (res)
349 free(res);
350 return (def);
351 case -2:
352 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: getting capability %s: %m",
353 lc->lc_class, cap);
354 errno = ERANGE;
355 if (res)
356 free(res);
357 return (e);
358 default:
359 if (status >= 0)
360 break;
361 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: unexpected error with capability %s",
362 lc->lc_class, cap);
363 errno = ERANGE;
364 if (res)
365 free(res);
366 return (e);
367 }
368
369 errno = 0;
370 q = strtolimit(res, &ep, 0);
371 if (!ep || ep == res || (ep[0] && ep[1]) ||
372 ((q == QUAD_MIN || q == QUAD_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)) {
373 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s:%s=%s: invalid size",
374 lc->lc_class, cap, res);
375 errno = ERANGE;
376 free(res);
377 return (e);
378 }
379 free(res);
380 return (q);
381 }
382
383 int
384 login_getcapbool(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, u_int def)
385 {
386
387 _DIAGASSERT(cap != NULL);
388
389 if (!lc || !lc->lc_cap)
390 return (def);
391
392 return (cgetcap(lc->lc_cap, cap, ':') != NULL);
393 }
394
395 void
396 login_close(login_cap_t *lc)
397 {
398
399 if (lc) {
400 if (lc->lc_class)
401 free(lc->lc_class);
402 if (lc->lc_cap)
403 free(lc->lc_cap);
404 if (lc->lc_style)
405 free(lc->lc_style);
406 free(lc);
407 }
408 }
409
410 #define R_CTIME 1
411 #define R_CSIZE 2
412 #define R_CNUMB 3
413
414 static struct {
415 int what;
416 int type;
417 char * name;
418 } r_list[] = {
419 { RLIMIT_CPU, R_CTIME, "cputime", },
420 { RLIMIT_FSIZE, R_CSIZE, "filesize", },
421 { RLIMIT_DATA, R_CSIZE, "datasize", },
422 { RLIMIT_STACK, R_CSIZE, "stacksize", },
423 { RLIMIT_RSS, R_CSIZE, "memoryuse", },
424 { RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, R_CSIZE, "memorylocked", },
425 { RLIMIT_NPROC, R_CNUMB, "maxproc", },
426 { RLIMIT_NOFILE, R_CNUMB, "openfiles", },
427 { RLIMIT_CORE, R_CSIZE, "coredumpsize", },
428 { -1, 0, 0 }
429 };
430
431 static int
432 gsetrl(login_cap_t *lc, int what, char *name, int type)
433 {
434 struct rlimit rl;
435 struct rlimit r;
436 char name_cur[32];
437 char name_max[32];
438
439 _DIAGASSERT(name != NULL);
440
441 sprintf(name_cur, "%s-cur", name);
442 sprintf(name_max, "%s-max", name);
443
444 if (getrlimit(what, &r)) {
445 syslog(LOG_ERR, "getting resource limit: %m");
446 return (-1);
447 }
448
449 #define RCUR r.rlim_cur
450 #define RMAX r.rlim_max
451
452 switch (type) {
453 case R_CTIME:
454 RCUR = login_getcaptime(lc, name, RCUR, RCUR);
455 RMAX = login_getcaptime(lc, name, RMAX, RMAX);
456 rl.rlim_cur = login_getcaptime(lc, name_cur, RCUR, RCUR);
457 rl.rlim_max = login_getcaptime(lc, name_max, RMAX, RMAX);
458 break;
459 case R_CSIZE:
460 RCUR = login_getcapsize(lc, name, RCUR, RCUR);
461 RMAX = login_getcapsize(lc, name, RMAX, RMAX);
462 rl.rlim_cur = login_getcapsize(lc, name_cur, RCUR, RCUR);
463 rl.rlim_max = login_getcapsize(lc, name_max, RMAX, RMAX);
464 break;
465 case R_CNUMB:
466 RCUR = login_getcapnum(lc, name, RCUR, RCUR);
467 RMAX = login_getcapnum(lc, name, RMAX, RMAX);
468 rl.rlim_cur = login_getcapnum(lc, name_cur, RCUR, RCUR);
469 rl.rlim_max = login_getcapnum(lc, name_max, RMAX, RMAX);
470 break;
471 default:
472 return (-1);
473 }
474
475 if (setrlimit(what, &rl)) {
476 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: setting resource limit %s: %m",
477 lc->lc_class, name);
478 return (-1);
479 }
480 #undef RCUR
481 #undef RMAX
482 return (0);
483 }
484
485 static int
486 setuserenv(login_cap_t *lc)
487 {
488 char *stop = ", \t";
489 int i, count;
490 char *ptr;
491 char **res;
492 char *str = login_getcapstr(lc, "setenv", NULL, NULL);
493
494 if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
495 return 0;
496
497 /* count the sub-strings */
498 for (i = 1, ptr = str; *ptr; i++) {
499 ptr += strcspn(ptr, stop);
500 if (*ptr)
501 ptr++;
502 }
503
504 /* allocate ptr array and string */
505 count = i;
506 res = malloc(count * sizeof(char *) + strlen(str) + 1);
507
508 if (!res)
509 return -1;
510
511 ptr = (char *)(void *)res + count * sizeof(char *);
512 strcpy(ptr, str);
513
514 /* split string */
515 for (i = 0; *ptr && i < count; i++) {
516 res[i] = ptr;
517 ptr += strcspn(ptr, stop);
518 if (*ptr)
519 *ptr++ = '\0';
520 }
521
522 res[i] = NULL;
523
524 for (i = 0; i < count && res[i]; i++) {
525 if (*res[i] != '\0') {
526 if ((ptr = strchr(res[i], '=')) != NULL)
527 *ptr++ = '\0';
528 else
529 ptr = "";
530 setenv(res[i], ptr, 1);
531 }
532 }
533
534 free(res);
535 return 0;
536 }
537
538 int
539 setclasscontext(char *class, u_int flags)
540 {
541 int ret;
542 login_cap_t *lc;
543
544 flags &= LOGIN_SETRESOURCES | LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETUMASK |
545 LOGIN_SETPATH;
546
547 lc = login_getclass(class);
548 ret = lc ? setusercontext(lc, NULL, 0, flags) : -1;
549 login_close(lc);
550 return (ret);
551 }
552
553 int
554 setusercontext(login_cap_t *lc, struct passwd *pwd, uid_t uid, u_int flags)
555 {
556 login_cap_t *flc;
557 quad_t p;
558 int i;
559
560 flc = NULL;
561
562 if (!lc)
563 flc = lc = login_getclass(pwd ? pwd->pw_class : NULL);
564
565 /*
566 * Without the pwd entry being passed we cannot set either
567 * the group or the login. We could complain about it.
568 */
569 if (pwd == NULL)
570 flags &= ~(LOGIN_SETGROUP|LOGIN_SETLOGIN);
571
572 if (flags & LOGIN_SETRESOURCES)
573 for (i = 0; r_list[i].name; ++i)
574 if (gsetrl(lc, r_list[i].what, r_list[i].name,
575 r_list[i].type))
576 /* XXX - call syslog()? */;
577
578 if (flags & LOGIN_SETPRIORITY) {
579 p = login_getcapnum(lc, "priority", 0LL, 0LL);
580
581 if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, (int)p) < 0)
582 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: setpriority: %m", lc->lc_class);
583 }
584
585 if (flags & LOGIN_SETUMASK) {
586 p = login_getcapnum(lc, "umask", (quad_t) LOGIN_DEFUMASK,
587 (quad_t) LOGIN_DEFUMASK);
588 umask((mode_t)p);
589 }
590
591 if (flags & LOGIN_SETGROUP) {
592 if (setgid(pwd->pw_gid) < 0) {
593 syslog(LOG_ERR, "setgid(%d): %m", pwd->pw_gid);
594 login_close(flc);
595 return (-1);
596 }
597
598 if (initgroups(pwd->pw_name, pwd->pw_gid) < 0) {
599 syslog(LOG_ERR, "initgroups(%s,%d): %m",
600 pwd->pw_name, pwd->pw_gid);
601 login_close(flc);
602 return (-1);
603 }
604 }
605
606 if (flags & LOGIN_SETLOGIN)
607 if (setlogin(pwd->pw_name) < 0) {
608 syslog(LOG_ERR, "setlogin(%s) failure: %m",
609 pwd->pw_name);
610 login_close(flc);
611 return (-1);
612 }
613
614 if (flags & LOGIN_SETUSER)
615 if (setuid(uid) < 0) {
616 syslog(LOG_ERR, "setuid(%d): %m", uid);
617 login_close(flc);
618 return (-1);
619 }
620
621 if (flags & LOGIN_SETENV)
622 setuserenv(lc);
623
624 if (flags & LOGIN_SETPATH)
625 setuserpath(lc, pwd ? pwd->pw_dir : "");
626
627 login_close(flc);
628 return (0);
629 }
630
631 static void
632 setuserpath(login_cap_t *lc, char *home)
633 {
634 size_t hlen, plen;
635 int cnt = 0;
636 char *path;
637 char *p, *q;
638
639 _DIAGASSERT(home != NULL);
640
641 hlen = strlen(home);
642
643 p = path = login_getcapstr(lc, "path", NULL, NULL);
644 if (p) {
645 while (*p)
646 if (*p++ == '~')
647 ++cnt;
648 plen = (p - path) + cnt * (hlen + 1) + 1;
649 p = path;
650 q = path = malloc(plen);
651 if (q) {
652 while (*p) {
653 p += strspn(p, " \t");
654 if (*p == '\0')
655 break;
656 plen = strcspn(p, " \t");
657 if (hlen == 0 && *p == '~') {
658 p += plen;
659 continue;
660 }
661 if (q != path)
662 *q++ = ':';
663 if (*p == '~') {
664 strcpy(q, home);
665 q += hlen;
666 ++p;
667 --plen;
668 }
669 memcpy(q, p, plen);
670 p += plen;
671 q += plen;
672 }
673 *q = '\0';
674 } else
675 path = _PATH_DEFPATH;
676 } else
677 path = _PATH_DEFPATH;
678 if (setenv("PATH", path, 1))
679 warn("could not set PATH");
680 }
681
682 /*
683 * Convert an expression of the following forms
684 * 1) A number.
685 * 2) A number followed by a b (mult by 512).
686 * 3) A number followed by a k (mult by 1024).
687 * 5) A number followed by a m (mult by 1024 * 1024).
688 * 6) A number followed by a g (mult by 1024 * 1024 * 1024).
689 * 7) A number followed by a t (mult by 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024).
690 * 8) Two or more numbers (with/without k,b,m,g, or t).
691 * separated by x (also * for backwards compatibility), specifying
692 * the product of the indicated values.
693 */
694 static u_quad_t
695 strtosize(char *str, char **endptr, int radix)
696 {
697 u_quad_t num, num2;
698 char *expr, *expr2;
699
700 _DIAGASSERT(str != NULL);
701 /* endptr may be NULL */
702
703 errno = 0;
704 num = strtouq(str, &expr, radix);
705 if (errno || expr == str) {
706 if (endptr)
707 *endptr = expr;
708 return (num);
709 }
710
711 switch(*expr) {
712 case 'b': case 'B':
713 num = multiply(num, (u_quad_t)512);
714 ++expr;
715 break;
716 case 'k': case 'K':
717 num = multiply(num, (u_quad_t)1024);
718 ++expr;
719 break;
720 case 'm': case 'M':
721 num = multiply(num, (u_quad_t)1024 * 1024);
722 ++expr;
723 break;
724 case 'g': case 'G':
725 num = multiply(num, (u_quad_t)1024 * 1024 * 1024);
726 ++expr;
727 break;
728 case 't': case 'T':
729 num = multiply(num, (u_quad_t)1024 * 1024);
730 num = multiply(num, (u_quad_t)1024 * 1024);
731 ++expr;
732 break;
733 }
734
735 if (errno)
736 goto erange;
737
738 switch(*expr) {
739 case '*': /* Backward compatible. */
740 case 'x':
741 num2 = strtosize(expr+1, &expr2, radix);
742 if (errno) {
743 expr = expr2;
744 goto erange;
745 }
746
747 if (expr2 == expr + 1) {
748 if (endptr)
749 *endptr = expr;
750 return (num);
751 }
752 expr = expr2;
753 num = multiply(num, num2);
754 if (errno)
755 goto erange;
756 break;
757 }
758 if (endptr)
759 *endptr = expr;
760 return (num);
761 erange:
762 if (endptr)
763 *endptr = expr;
764 errno = ERANGE;
765 return (UQUAD_MAX);
766 }
767
768 static u_quad_t
769 strtolimit(char *str, char **endptr, int radix)
770 {
771
772 _DIAGASSERT(str != NULL);
773 /* endptr may be NULL */
774
775 if (isinfinite(str)) {
776 if (endptr)
777 *endptr = str + strlen(str);
778 return ((u_quad_t)RLIM_INFINITY);
779 }
780 return (strtosize(str, endptr, radix));
781 }
782
783 static int
784 isinfinite(const char *s)
785 {
786 static const char *infs[] = {
787 "infinity",
788 "inf",
789 "unlimited",
790 "unlimit",
791 NULL
792 };
793 const char **i;
794
795 _DIAGASSERT(s != NULL);
796
797 for (i = infs; *i; i++) {
798 if (!strcasecmp(s, *i))
799 return 1;
800 }
801 return 0;
802 }
803
804 static u_quad_t
805 multiply(u_quad_t n1, u_quad_t n2)
806 {
807 static int bpw = 0;
808 u_quad_t m;
809 u_quad_t r;
810 int b1, b2;
811
812 /*
813 * Get rid of the simple cases
814 */
815 if (n1 == 0 || n2 == 0)
816 return (0);
817 if (n1 == 1)
818 return (n2);
819 if (n2 == 1)
820 return (n1);
821
822 /*
823 * sizeof() returns number of bytes needed for storage.
824 * This may be different from the actual number of useful bits.
825 */
826 if (!bpw) {
827 bpw = sizeof(u_quad_t) * 8;
828 while (((u_quad_t)1 << (bpw-1)) == 0)
829 --bpw;
830 }
831
832 /*
833 * First check the magnitude of each number. If the sum of the
834 * magnatude is way to high, reject the number. (If this test
835 * is not done then the first multiply below may overflow.)
836 */
837 for (b1 = bpw; (((u_quad_t)1 << (b1-1)) & n1) == 0; --b1)
838 ;
839 for (b2 = bpw; (((u_quad_t)1 << (b2-1)) & n2) == 0; --b2)
840 ;
841 if (b1 + b2 - 2 > bpw) {
842 errno = ERANGE;
843 return (UQUAD_MAX);
844 }
845
846 /*
847 * Decompose the multiplication to be:
848 * h1 = n1 & ~1
849 * h2 = n2 & ~1
850 * l1 = n1 & 1
851 * l2 = n2 & 1
852 * (h1 + l1) * (h2 + l2)
853 * (h1 * h2) + (h1 * l2) + (l1 * h2) + (l1 * l2)
854 *
855 * Since h1 && h2 do not have the low bit set, we can then say:
856 *
857 * (h1>>1 * h2>>1 * 4) + ...
858 *
859 * So if (h1>>1 * h2>>1) > (1<<(bpw - 2)) then the result will
860 * overflow.
861 *
862 * Finally, if MAX - ((h1 * l2) + (l1 * h2) + (l1 * l2)) < (h1*h2)
863 * then adding in residual amout will cause an overflow.
864 */
865
866 m = (n1 >> 1) * (n2 >> 1);
867
868 if (m >= ((u_quad_t)1 << (bpw-2))) {
869 errno = ERANGE;
870 return (UQUAD_MAX);
871 }
872
873 m *= 4;
874
875 r = (n1 & n2 & 1)
876 + (n2 & 1) * (n1 & ~(u_quad_t)1)
877 + (n1 & 1) * (n2 & ~(u_quad_t)1);
878
879 if ((u_quad_t)(m + r) < m) {
880 errno = ERANGE;
881 return (UQUAD_MAX);
882 }
883 m += r;
884
885 return (m);
886 }
887