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main.c revision 1.69
      1 /*	$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.69 2012/04/07 16:44:10 christos Exp $	*/
      2 
      3 /*-
      4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
      5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
      6  *
      7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
      9  * are met:
     10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     17  *    without specific prior written permission.
     18  *
     19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
     30  */
     31 
     32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
     33 #ifndef lint
     34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\
     35  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
     36 #endif /* not lint */
     37 
     38 #ifndef lint
     39 #if 0
     40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 5/1/95";
     41 #else
     42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.69 2012/04/07 16:44:10 christos Exp $");
     43 #endif
     44 #endif /* not lint */
     45 
     46 #include <sys/param.h>
     47 #include <sys/time.h>
     48 #include <sys/stat.h>
     49 #include <sys/mount.h>
     50 
     51 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
     52 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
     53 #include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
     54 
     55 #include <protocols/dumprestore.h>
     56 
     57 #include <ctype.h>
     58 #include <err.h>
     59 #include <errno.h>
     60 #include <fcntl.h>
     61 #include <fstab.h>
     62 #include <signal.h>
     63 #include <stdio.h>
     64 #include <stdlib.h>
     65 #include <string.h>
     66 #include <time.h>
     67 #include <unistd.h>
     68 #include <util.h>
     69 
     70 #include "dump.h"
     71 #include "pathnames.h"
     72 #include "snapshot.h"
     73 
     74 int	timestamp;		/* print message timestamps */
     75 int	notify;			/* notify operator flag */
     76 int	blockswritten;		/* number of blocks written on current tape */
     77 int	tapeno;			/* current tape number */
     78 int	density;		/* density in bytes/0.1" */
     79 int	ntrec = NTREC;		/* # tape blocks in each tape record */
     80 int	cartridge;		/* Assume non-cartridge tape */
     81 long	dev_bsize = 1;		/* recalculated below */
     82 long	blocksperfile;		/* output blocks per file */
     83 const char *host;		/* remote host (if any) */
     84 int	readcache = -1;		/* read cache size (in readblksize blks) */
     85 int	readblksize = 32 * 1024; /* read block size */
     86 char    default_time_string[] = "%T %Z"; /* default timestamp string */
     87 char    *time_string = default_time_string; /* timestamp string */
     88 
     89 static long numarg(const char *, long, long);
     90 static void obsolete(int *, char **[]);
     91 static void usage(void);
     92 
     93 int
     94 main(int argc, char *argv[])
     95 {
     96 	ino_t ino;
     97 	int dirty;
     98 	union dinode *dp;
     99 	struct fstab *dt;
    100 	struct statvfs *mntinfo, fsbuf;
    101 	char *map, *cp;
    102 	int ch;
    103 	int i, anydirskipped, bflag = 0, Tflag = 0, Fflag = 0, honorlevel = 1;
    104 	int snap_internal = 0;
    105 	ino_t maxino;
    106 	time_t tnow, date;
    107 	int dirc;
    108 	char *mountpoint;
    109 	int just_estimate = 0;
    110 	char labelstr[LBLSIZE];
    111 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN], rbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
    112 	char *new_time_format;
    113 	char *snap_backup = NULL;
    114 
    115 	spcl.c_date = 0;
    116 	(void)time(&tnow);
    117 	spcl.c_date = tnow;
    118 	tzset(); /* set up timezone for strftime */
    119 	if ((new_time_format = getenv("TIMEFORMAT")) != NULL)
    120 		time_string = new_time_format;
    121 
    122 	tsize = 0;	/* Default later, based on 'c' option for cart tapes */
    123 	if ((tape = getenv("TAPE")) == NULL)
    124 		tape = _PATH_DEFTAPE;
    125 	dumpdates = _PATH_DUMPDATES;
    126 	temp = _PATH_DTMP;
    127 	strcpy(labelstr, "none");	/* XXX safe strcpy. */
    128 	if (TP_BSIZE / DEV_BSIZE == 0 || TP_BSIZE % DEV_BSIZE != 0)
    129 		quit("TP_BSIZE must be a multiple of DEV_BSIZE\n");
    130 	level = '0';
    131 	timestamp = 0;
    132 
    133 	if (argc < 2)
    134 		usage();
    135 
    136 	obsolete(&argc, &argv);
    137 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
    138 	    "0123456789aB:b:cd:eFf:h:ik:l:L:nr:s:StT:uWwx:X")) != -1)
    139 		switch (ch) {
    140 		/* dump level */
    141 		case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
    142 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
    143 			level = ch;
    144 			break;
    145 
    146 		case 'a':		/* `auto-size', Write to EOM. */
    147 			unlimited = 1;
    148 			break;
    149 
    150 		case 'B':		/* blocks per output file */
    151 			blocksperfile = numarg("blocks per file", 1L, 0L);
    152 			break;
    153 
    154 		case 'b':		/* blocks per tape write */
    155 			ntrec = numarg("blocks per write", 1L, 1000L);
    156 			bflag = 1;
    157 			break;
    158 
    159 		case 'c':		/* Tape is cart. not 9-track */
    160 			cartridge = 1;
    161 			break;
    162 
    163 		case 'd':		/* density, in bits per inch */
    164 			density = numarg("density", 10L, 327670L) / 10;
    165 			if (density >= 625 && !bflag)
    166 				ntrec = HIGHDENSITYTREC;
    167 			break;
    168 
    169 		case 'e':		/* eject full tapes */
    170 			eflag = 1;
    171 			break;
    172 
    173 		case 'F':		/* files-to-dump is an fs image */
    174 			Fflag = 1;
    175 			break;
    176 
    177 		case 'f':		/* output file */
    178 			tape = optarg;
    179 			break;
    180 
    181 		case 'h':
    182 			honorlevel = numarg("honor level", 0L, 10L);
    183 			break;
    184 
    185 		case 'i':	/* "true incremental" regardless level */
    186 			level = 'i';
    187 			trueinc = 1;
    188 			break;
    189 
    190 		case 'k':
    191 			readblksize = numarg("read block size", 0, 64) * 1024;
    192 			break;
    193 
    194 		case 'l':		/* autoload after eject full tapes */
    195 			eflag = 1;
    196 			lflag = numarg("timeout (in seconds)", 1, 0);
    197 			break;
    198 
    199 		case 'L':
    200 			/*
    201 			 * Note that although there are LBLSIZE characters,
    202 			 * the last must be '\0', so the limit on strlen()
    203 			 * is really LBLSIZE-1.
    204 			 */
    205 			if (strlcpy(labelstr, optarg, sizeof(labelstr))
    206 			    >= sizeof(labelstr)) {
    207 				msg(
    208 		"WARNING Label `%s' is larger than limit of %lu characters.\n",
    209 				    optarg,
    210 				    (unsigned long)sizeof(labelstr) - 1);
    211 				msg("WARNING: Using truncated label `%s'.\n",
    212 				    labelstr);
    213 			}
    214 			break;
    215 		case 'n':		/* notify operators */
    216 			notify = 1;
    217 			break;
    218 
    219 		case 'r':		/* read cache size */
    220 			readcache = numarg("read cache size", 0, 512);
    221 			break;
    222 
    223 		case 's':		/* tape size, feet */
    224 			tsize = numarg("tape size", 1L, 0L) * 12 * 10;
    225 			break;
    226 
    227 		case 'S':		/* exit after estimating # of tapes */
    228 			just_estimate = 1;
    229 			break;
    230 
    231 		case 't':
    232 			timestamp = 1;
    233 			break;
    234 
    235 		case 'T':		/* time of last dump */
    236 			spcl.c_ddate = unctime(optarg);
    237 			if (spcl.c_ddate < 0) {
    238 				(void)fprintf(stderr, "bad time \"%s\"\n",
    239 				    optarg);
    240 				exit(X_STARTUP);
    241 			}
    242 			Tflag = 1;
    243 			lastlevel = '?';
    244 			break;
    245 
    246 		case 'u':		/* update /etc/dumpdates */
    247 			uflag = 1;
    248 			break;
    249 
    250 		case 'W':		/* what to do */
    251 		case 'w':
    252 			lastdump(ch);
    253 			exit(X_FINOK);	/* do nothing else */
    254 
    255 		case 'x':
    256 			snap_backup = optarg;
    257 			break;
    258 
    259 		case 'X':
    260 			snap_internal = 1;
    261 			break;
    262 
    263 		default:
    264 			usage();
    265 		}
    266 	argc -= optind;
    267 	argv += optind;
    268 
    269 	if (argc < 1) {
    270 		(void)fprintf(stderr,
    271 		    "Must specify disk or image, or file list\n");
    272 		exit(X_STARTUP);
    273 	}
    274 
    275 
    276 	/*
    277 	 *	determine if disk is a subdirectory, and setup appropriately
    278 	 */
    279 	getfstab();		/* /etc/fstab snarfed */
    280 	disk = NULL;
    281 	disk_dev = NULL;
    282 	mountpoint = NULL;
    283 	dirc = 0;
    284 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
    285 		struct stat sb;
    286 
    287 		if (lstat(argv[i], &sb) == -1)
    288 			quit("Cannot stat %s: %s\n", argv[i], strerror(errno));
    289 		if (Fflag || S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(sb.st_mode)) {
    290 			disk = argv[i];
    291  multicheck:
    292 			if (dirc != 0)
    293 				quit(
    294 	"Can't dump a disk or image at the same time as a file list\n");
    295 			break;
    296 		}
    297 		if ((dt = fstabsearch(argv[i])) != NULL) {
    298 			if (getfsspecname(buf, sizeof(buf), dt->fs_spec)
    299 			    == NULL)
    300 				quit("%s (%s)", buf, strerror(errno));
    301 			disk = buf;
    302 			mountpoint = xstrdup(dt->fs_file);
    303 			goto multicheck;
    304 		}
    305 		if (statvfs(argv[i], &fsbuf) == -1)
    306 			quit("Cannot statvfs %s: %s\n", argv[i],
    307 			    strerror(errno));
    308 		disk = fsbuf.f_mntfromname;
    309 		if (strcmp(argv[i], fsbuf.f_mntonname) == 0)
    310 			goto multicheck;
    311 		if (mountpoint == NULL) {
    312 			mountpoint = xstrdup(fsbuf.f_mntonname);
    313 			if (uflag) {
    314 				msg("Ignoring u flag for subdir dump\n");
    315 				uflag = 0;
    316 			}
    317 			if (level > '0') {
    318 				msg("Subdir dump is done at level 0\n");
    319 				level = '0';
    320 			}
    321 			msg("Dumping sub files/directories from %s\n",
    322 			    mountpoint);
    323 		} else {
    324 			if (strcmp(mountpoint, fsbuf.f_mntonname) != 0)
    325 				quit("%s is not on %s\n", argv[i], mountpoint);
    326 		}
    327 		msg("Dumping file/directory %s\n", argv[i]);
    328 		dirc++;
    329 	}
    330 	if (mountpoint)
    331 		free(mountpoint);
    332 
    333 	if (dirc == 0) {
    334 		argv++;
    335 		if (argc != 1) {
    336 			(void)fprintf(stderr, "Excess arguments to dump:");
    337 			while (--argc)
    338 				(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", *argv++);
    339 			(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
    340 			exit(X_STARTUP);
    341 		}
    342 	}
    343 	if (Tflag && uflag) {
    344 		(void)fprintf(stderr,
    345 		    "You cannot use the T and u flags together.\n");
    346 		exit(X_STARTUP);
    347 	}
    348 	if (strcmp(tape, "-") == 0) {
    349 		pipeout++;
    350 		tape = "standard output";
    351 	}
    352 
    353 	if (blocksperfile)
    354 		blocksperfile = blocksperfile / ntrec * ntrec; /* round down */
    355 	else if (!unlimited) {
    356 		/*
    357 		 * Determine how to default tape size and density
    358 		 *
    359 		 *		density				tape size
    360 		 * 9-track	1600 bpi (160 bytes/.1")	2300 ft.
    361 		 * 9-track	6250 bpi (625 bytes/.1")	2300 ft.
    362 		 * cartridge	8000 bpi (100 bytes/.1")	1700 ft.
    363 		 *						(450*4 - slop)
    364 		 */
    365 		if (density == 0)
    366 			density = cartridge ? 100 : 160;
    367 		if (tsize == 0)
    368 			tsize = cartridge ? 1700L*120L : 2300L*120L;
    369 	}
    370 
    371 	if ((cp = strchr(tape, ':')) != NULL) {
    372 		host = tape;
    373 		/* This is fine, because all the const strings don't have : */
    374 		*cp++ = '\0';
    375 		tape = cp;
    376 #ifdef RDUMP
    377 		if (rmthost(host) == 0)
    378 			exit(X_STARTUP);
    379 #else
    380 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "remote dump not enabled\n");
    381 		exit(X_STARTUP);
    382 #endif
    383 	}
    384 
    385 	if (signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
    386 		signal(SIGHUP, sig);
    387 	if (signal(SIGTRAP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
    388 		signal(SIGTRAP, sig);
    389 	if (signal(SIGFPE, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
    390 		signal(SIGFPE, sig);
    391 	if (signal(SIGBUS, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
    392 		signal(SIGBUS, sig);
    393 #if 0
    394 	if (signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
    395 		signal(SIGSEGV, sig);
    396 #endif
    397 	if (signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
    398 		signal(SIGTERM, sig);
    399 	if (signal(SIGINT, interrupt) == SIG_IGN)
    400 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
    401 
    402 	/*
    403 	 *	disk can be either the full special file name, or
    404 	 *	the file system name.
    405 	 */
    406 	mountpoint = NULL;
    407 	mntinfo = mntinfosearch(disk);
    408 	if ((dt = fstabsearch(disk)) != NULL) {
    409 		if (getfsspecname(buf, sizeof(buf), dt->fs_spec) == NULL)
    410 			quit("%s (%s)", buf, strerror(errno));
    411 		if (getdiskrawname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), buf) == NULL)
    412 			quit("Can't get disk raw name for `%s' (%s)",
    413 			    buf, strerror(errno));
    414 		disk = rbuf;
    415 		mountpoint = dt->fs_file;
    416 		msg("Found %s on %s in %s\n", disk, mountpoint, _PATH_FSTAB);
    417 	} else if (mntinfo != NULL) {
    418 		if (getdiskrawname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), mntinfo->f_mntfromname)
    419 		    == NULL)
    420 			quit("Can't get disk raw name for `%s' (%s)",
    421 			    mntinfo->f_mntfromname, strerror(errno));
    422 		mountpoint = mntinfo->f_mntonname;
    423 		msg("Found %s on %s in mount table\n", disk, mountpoint);
    424 	}
    425 	if (mountpoint != NULL) {
    426 		if (dirc != 0)
    427 			(void)snprintf(spcl.c_filesys, sizeof(spcl.c_filesys),
    428 			    "a subset of %s", mountpoint);
    429 		else
    430 			(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, mountpoint,
    431 			    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
    432 	} else if (Fflag) {
    433 		(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, "a file system image",
    434 		    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
    435 	} else {
    436 		(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, "an unlisted file system",
    437 		    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
    438 	}
    439 	(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_dev, disk, sizeof(spcl.c_dev));
    440 	(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_label, labelstr, sizeof(spcl.c_label));
    441 	(void)gethostname(spcl.c_host, sizeof(spcl.c_host));
    442 	spcl.c_host[sizeof(spcl.c_host) - 1] = '\0';
    443 
    444 	if ((snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal) && mntinfo == NULL) {
    445 		msg("WARNING: Cannot use -x or -X on unmounted file system.\n");
    446 		snap_backup = NULL;
    447 		snap_internal = 0;
    448 	}
    449 
    450 #ifdef DUMP_LFS
    451 	sync();
    452 	if (snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal) {
    453 		if (lfs_wrap_stop(mountpoint) < 0) {
    454 			msg("Cannot stop writing on %s\n", mountpoint);
    455 			exit(X_STARTUP);
    456 		}
    457 	}
    458 	if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
    459 		msg("Cannot open %s\n", disk);
    460 		exit(X_STARTUP);
    461 	}
    462 	disk_dev = disk;
    463 #else /* ! DUMP_LFS */
    464 	if (snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal) {
    465 		diskfd = snap_open(mntinfo->f_mntonname, snap_backup,
    466 		    &tnow, &disk_dev);
    467 		if (diskfd < 0) {
    468 			msg("Cannot open snapshot of %s\n",
    469 				mntinfo->f_mntonname);
    470 			exit(X_STARTUP);
    471 		}
    472 		spcl.c_date = tnow;
    473 	} else {
    474 		if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
    475 			msg("Cannot open %s\n", disk);
    476 			exit(X_STARTUP);
    477 		}
    478 		disk_dev = disk;
    479 	}
    480 	sync();
    481 #endif /* ! DUMP_LFS */
    482 
    483 	needswap = fs_read_sblock(sblock_buf);
    484 
    485 	/* true incremental is always a level 10 dump */
    486 	spcl.c_level = trueinc? iswap32(10): iswap32(level - '0');
    487 	spcl.c_type = iswap32(TS_TAPE);
    488 	spcl.c_date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
    489 	spcl.c_ddate = iswap32(spcl.c_ddate);
    490 	if (!Tflag)
    491 		getdumptime();		/* /etc/dumpdates snarfed */
    492 
    493 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
    494 	msg("Date of this level %c dump: %s", level,
    495 		spcl.c_date == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
    496 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_ddate);
    497  	msg("Date of last level %c dump: %s", lastlevel,
    498 		spcl.c_ddate == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
    499 	msg("Dumping ");
    500 	if (snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal)
    501 		msgtail("a snapshot of ");
    502 	if (dirc != 0)
    503 		msgtail("a subset of ");
    504 	msgtail("%s (%s) ", disk, spcl.c_filesys);
    505 	if (host)
    506 		msgtail("to %s on host %s\n", tape, host);
    507 	else
    508 		msgtail("to %s\n", tape);
    509 	msg("Label: %s\n", labelstr);
    510 
    511 	ufsib = fs_parametrize();
    512 
    513 	dev_bshift = ffs(dev_bsize) - 1;
    514 	if (dev_bsize != (1 << dev_bshift))
    515 		quit("dev_bsize (%ld) is not a power of 2", dev_bsize);
    516 	tp_bshift = ffs(TP_BSIZE) - 1;
    517 	if (TP_BSIZE != (1 << tp_bshift))
    518 		quit("TP_BSIZE (%d) is not a power of 2", TP_BSIZE);
    519 	maxino = fs_maxino();
    520 	mapsize = roundup(howmany(maxino, NBBY), TP_BSIZE);
    521 	usedinomap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
    522 	dumpdirmap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
    523 	dumpinomap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
    524 	tapesize = 3 * (howmany(mapsize * sizeof(char), TP_BSIZE) + 1);
    525 
    526 	nonodump = iswap32(spcl.c_level) < honorlevel;
    527 
    528 	initcache(readcache, readblksize);
    529 
    530 	(void)signal(SIGINFO, statussig);
    531 
    532 	msg("mapping (Pass I) [regular files]\n");
    533 	anydirskipped = mapfiles(maxino, &tapesize, mountpoint,
    534 	    (dirc ? argv : NULL));
    535 
    536 	msg("mapping (Pass II) [directories]\n");
    537 	while (anydirskipped) {
    538 		anydirskipped = mapdirs(maxino, &tapesize);
    539 	}
    540 
    541 	if (pipeout || unlimited) {
    542 		tapesize += 10;	/* 10 trailer blocks */
    543 		msg("estimated %llu tape blocks.\n",
    544 		    (unsigned long long)tapesize);
    545 	} else {
    546 		double fetapes;
    547 
    548 		if (blocksperfile)
    549 			fetapes = (double) tapesize / blocksperfile;
    550 		else if (cartridge) {
    551 			/* Estimate number of tapes, assuming streaming stops at
    552 			   the end of each block written, and not in mid-block.
    553 			   Assume no erroneous blocks; this can be compensated
    554 			   for with an artificially low tape size. */
    555 			fetapes =
    556 			(	  (double) tapesize	/* blocks */
    557 				* TP_BSIZE	/* bytes/block */
    558 				* (1.0/density)	/* 0.1" / byte */
    559 			  +
    560 				  (double) tapesize	/* blocks */
    561 				* (1.0/ntrec)	/* streaming-stops per block */
    562 				* 15.48		/* 0.1" / streaming-stop */
    563 			) * (1.0 / tsize );	/* tape / 0.1" */
    564 		} else {
    565 			/* Estimate number of tapes, for old fashioned 9-track
    566 			   tape */
    567 			int tenthsperirg = (density == 625) ? 3 : 7;
    568 			fetapes =
    569 			(	  tapesize	/* blocks */
    570 				* TP_BSIZE	/* bytes / block */
    571 				* (1.0/density)	/* 0.1" / byte */
    572 			  +
    573 				  tapesize	/* blocks */
    574 				* (1.0/ntrec)	/* IRG's / block */
    575 				* tenthsperirg	/* 0.1" / IRG */
    576 			) * (1.0 / tsize );	/* tape / 0.1" */
    577 		}
    578 		etapes = fetapes;		/* truncating assignment */
    579 		etapes++;
    580 		/* count the dumped inodes map on each additional tape */
    581 		tapesize += (etapes - 1) *
    582 			(howmany(mapsize * sizeof(char), TP_BSIZE) + 1);
    583 		tapesize += etapes + 10;	/* headers + 10 trailer blks */
    584 		msg("estimated %llu tape blocks on %3.2f tape(s).\n",
    585 		    (unsigned long long)tapesize, fetapes);
    586 	}
    587 	/*
    588 	 * If the user only wants an estimate of the number of
    589 	 * tapes, exit now.
    590 	 */
    591 	if (just_estimate)
    592 		exit(X_FINOK);
    593 
    594 	/*
    595 	 * Allocate tape buffer.
    596 	 */
    597 	if (!alloctape())
    598 		quit("can't allocate tape buffers - try a smaller blocking factor.\n");
    599 
    600 	startnewtape(1);
    601 	(void)time((time_t *)&(tstart_writing));
    602 	xferrate = 0;
    603 	dumpmap(usedinomap, TS_CLRI, maxino - 1);
    604 
    605 	msg("dumping (Pass III) [directories]\n");
    606 	dirty = 0;		/* XXX just to get gcc to shut up */
    607 	for (map = dumpdirmap, ino = 1; ino < maxino; ino++) {
    608 		if (((ino - 1) % NBBY) == 0)	/* map is offset by 1 */
    609 			dirty = *map++;
    610 		else
    611 			dirty >>= 1;
    612 		if ((dirty & 1) == 0)
    613 			continue;
    614 		/*
    615 		 * Skip directory inodes deleted and maybe reallocated
    616 		 */
    617 		dp = getino(ino);
    618 		if ((DIP(dp, mode) & IFMT) != IFDIR)
    619 			continue;
    620 		(void)dumpino(dp, ino);
    621 	}
    622 
    623 	msg("dumping (Pass IV) [regular files]\n");
    624 	for (map = dumpinomap, ino = 1; ino < maxino; ino++) {
    625 		int mode;
    626 
    627 		if (((ino - 1) % NBBY) == 0)	/* map is offset by 1 */
    628 			dirty = *map++;
    629 		else
    630 			dirty >>= 1;
    631 		if ((dirty & 1) == 0)
    632 			continue;
    633 		/*
    634 		 * Skip inodes deleted and reallocated as directories.
    635 		 */
    636 		dp = getino(ino);
    637 		mode = DIP(dp, mode) & IFMT;
    638 		if (mode == IFDIR)
    639 			continue;
    640 		(void)dumpino(dp, ino);
    641 	}
    642 
    643 	spcl.c_type = iswap32(TS_END);
    644 	for (i = 0; i < ntrec; i++)
    645 		writeheader(maxino - 1);
    646 	if (pipeout)
    647 		msg("%d tape blocks\n",iswap32(spcl.c_tapea));
    648 	else
    649 		msg("%d tape blocks on %d volume%s\n",
    650 		    iswap32(spcl.c_tapea), iswap32(spcl.c_volume),
    651 		    (iswap32(spcl.c_volume) == 1) ? "" : "s");
    652 	tnow = do_stats();
    653 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
    654 	msg("Date of this level %c dump: %s", level,
    655 		spcl.c_date == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
    656 	msg("Date this dump completed:  %s", ctime(&tnow));
    657 	msg("Average transfer rate: %d KB/s\n", xferrate / tapeno);
    658 	putdumptime();
    659 	trewind(0);
    660 	broadcast("DUMP IS DONE!\a\a\n");
    661 #ifdef DUMP_LFS
    662 	lfs_wrap_go();
    663 #endif /* DUMP_LFS */
    664 	msg("DUMP IS DONE\n");
    665 	Exit(X_FINOK);
    666 	/* NOTREACHED */
    667 	exit(X_FINOK);		/* XXX: to satisfy gcc */
    668 }
    669 
    670 static void
    671 usage(void)
    672 {
    673 	const char *prog = getprogname();
    674 
    675 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
    676 "usage: %s [-0123456789aceFinStuX] [-B records] [-b blocksize]\n"
    677 "            [-d density] [-f file] [-h level] [-k read-blocksize]\n"
    678 "            [-L label] [-l timeout] [-r cachesize] [-s feet]\n"
    679 "            [-T date] [-x snap-backup] files-to-dump\n"
    680 "       %s [-W | -w]\n", prog, prog);
    681 	exit(X_STARTUP);
    682 }
    683 
    684 /*
    685  * Pick up a numeric argument.  It must be nonnegative and in the given
    686  * range (except that a vmax of 0 means unlimited).
    687  */
    688 static long
    689 numarg(const char *meaning, long vmin, long vmax)
    690 {
    691 	char *p;
    692 	long val;
    693 
    694 	val = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
    695 	if (*p)
    696 		errx(X_STARTUP, "illegal %s -- %s", meaning, optarg);
    697 	if (val < vmin || (vmax && val > vmax))
    698 		errx(X_STARTUP, "%s must be between %ld and %ld",
    699 		    meaning, vmin, vmax);
    700 	return (val);
    701 }
    702 
    703 void
    704 sig(int signo)
    705 {
    706 
    707 	switch(signo) {
    708 	case SIGALRM:
    709 	case SIGBUS:
    710 	case SIGFPE:
    711 	case SIGHUP:
    712 	case SIGTERM:
    713 	case SIGTRAP:
    714 		if (pipeout)
    715 			quit("Signal on pipe: cannot recover\n");
    716 		msg("Rewriting attempted as response to signal %s.\n", sys_siglist[signo]);
    717 		(void)fflush(stderr);
    718 		(void)fflush(stdout);
    719 		close_rewind();
    720 		exit(X_REWRITE);
    721 		/* NOTREACHED */
    722 	case SIGSEGV:
    723 		msg("SIGSEGV: ABORTING!\n");
    724 		(void)signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL);
    725 		(void)kill(0, SIGSEGV);
    726 		/* NOTREACHED */
    727 	}
    728 }
    729 
    730 /*
    731  * obsolete --
    732  *	Change set of key letters and ordered arguments into something
    733  *	getopt(3) will like.
    734  */
    735 static void
    736 obsolete(int *argcp, char **argvp[])
    737 {
    738 	int argc, flags;
    739 	char *ap, **argv, *flagsp, **nargv, *p;
    740 
    741 	/* Setup. */
    742 	argv = *argvp;
    743 	argc = *argcp;
    744 
    745 	/* Return if no arguments or first argument has leading dash. */
    746 	ap = argv[1];
    747 	if (argc == 1 || *ap == '-')
    748 		return;
    749 
    750 	/* Allocate space for new arguments. */
    751 	*argvp = nargv = xmalloc((argc + 1) * sizeof(char *));
    752 	p = flagsp = xmalloc(strlen(ap) + 2);
    753 
    754 	*nargv++ = *argv;
    755 	argv += 2;
    756 
    757 	for (flags = 0; *ap; ++ap) {
    758 		switch (*ap) {
    759 		case 'B':
    760 		case 'b':
    761 		case 'd':
    762 		case 'f':
    763 		case 'h':
    764 		case 's':
    765 		case 'T':
    766 		case 'x':
    767 			if (*argv == NULL) {
    768 				warnx("option requires an argument -- %c", *ap);
    769 				usage();
    770 			}
    771 			nargv[0] = xmalloc(strlen(*argv) + 2 + 1);
    772 			nargv[0][0] = '-';
    773 			nargv[0][1] = *ap;
    774 			(void)strcpy(&nargv[0][2], *argv); /* XXX safe strcpy */
    775 			++argv;
    776 			++nargv;
    777 			break;
    778 		default:
    779 			if (!flags) {
    780 				*p++ = '-';
    781 				flags = 1;
    782 			}
    783 			*p++ = *ap;
    784 			break;
    785 		}
    786 	}
    787 
    788 	/* Terminate flags. */
    789 	if (flags) {
    790 		*p = '\0';
    791 		*nargv++ = flagsp;
    792 	} else
    793 		free(flagsp);
    794 
    795 	/* Copy remaining arguments. */
    796 	while ((*nargv++ = *argv++) != NULL)
    797 		;
    798 
    799 	/* Update argument count. */
    800 	*argcp = nargv - *argvp - 1;
    801 }
    802 
    803 
    804 void *
    805 xcalloc(size_t number, size_t size)
    806 {
    807 	void *p;
    808 
    809 	p = calloc(number, size);
    810 	if (p == NULL)
    811 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
    812 	return (p);
    813 }
    814 
    815 void *
    816 xmalloc(size_t size)
    817 {
    818 	void *p;
    819 
    820 	p = malloc(size);
    821 	if (p == NULL)
    822 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
    823 	return (p);
    824 }
    825 
    826 char *
    827 xstrdup(const char *str)
    828 {
    829 	char *p;
    830 
    831 	p = strdup(str);
    832 	if (p == NULL)
    833 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
    834 	return (p);
    835 }
    836