mkfs_msdos.c revision 1.13
1 /* $NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.13 2017/04/14 15:39:29 christos Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 14 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 15 * distribution. 16 * 17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 18 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 19 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 21 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 23 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 24 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 25 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 26 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 27 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 28 */ 29 30 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H 31 #include "nbtool_config.h" 32 #endif 33 34 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 35 #ifndef lint 36 #if 0 37 static const char rcsid[] = 38 "$FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c,v 1.15 2000/10/10 01:49:37 wollman Exp $"; 39 #else 40 __RCSID("$NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.13 2017/04/14 15:39:29 christos Exp $"); 41 #endif 42 #endif /* not lint */ 43 44 #include <sys/types.h> 45 #include <sys/param.h> 46 #include <sys/stat.h> 47 #include <sys/time.h> 48 #ifndef MAKEFS 49 #include <sys/mount.h> 50 #include <sys/disk.h> 51 #endif 52 53 #include <ctype.h> 54 #include <err.h> 55 #include <errno.h> 56 #include <fcntl.h> 57 #include <paths.h> 58 #include <stdio.h> 59 #include <stdlib.h> 60 #include <string.h> 61 #include <time.h> 62 #include <unistd.h> 63 #include <signal.h> 64 65 #include <util.h> 66 #include <disktab.h> 67 68 #ifndef MAKEFS 69 #include "partutil.h" 70 #endif 71 #include "mkfs_msdos.h" 72 73 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 74 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 75 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 76 77 #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 78 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 79 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 80 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 81 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 82 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 83 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 84 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 85 #define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 86 #define MINCLS16 0xff5 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 87 #define MINCLS32 0xfff5 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 88 #define MAXCLS12 0xff4 /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 89 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff4 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 90 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 91 92 #define mincls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 93 (fat_type) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 94 MINCLS32) 95 96 #define maxcls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 97 (fat_type) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 98 MAXCLS32) 99 100 #define mk1(p, x) \ 101 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 102 103 #define mk2(p, x) \ 104 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 105 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 106 107 #define mk4(p, x) \ 108 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 109 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 110 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 111 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 112 113 struct bs { 114 u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 115 u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 116 }; 117 118 struct bsbpb { 119 u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 120 u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 121 u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 122 u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ 123 u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ 124 u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ 125 u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ 126 u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 127 u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ 128 u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ 129 u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 130 u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ 131 }; 132 133 struct bsxbpb { 134 u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 135 u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 136 u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ 137 u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 138 u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ 139 u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 140 u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ 141 }; 142 143 struct bsx { 144 u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ 145 u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ 146 u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ 147 u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ 148 u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ 149 u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ 150 }; 151 152 struct de { 153 u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ 154 u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ 155 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 156 u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ 157 u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ 158 u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ 159 u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ 160 }; 161 162 struct bpb { 163 u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ 164 u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 165 u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ 166 u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ 167 u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ 168 u_int sec; /* total sectors */ 169 u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ 170 u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ 171 u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ 172 u_int hds; /* drive heads */ 173 u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ 174 u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ 175 u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ 176 u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ 177 u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ 178 u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ 179 }; 180 181 #define INIT(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) \ 182 { .bps = a, .spc = b, .res = c, .nft = d, .rde = e, \ 183 .sec = f, .mid = g, .spf = h, .spt = i, .hds = j, } 184 static struct { 185 const char *name; 186 struct bpb bpb; 187 } stdfmt[] = { 188 {"160", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1)}, 189 {"180", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1)}, 190 {"320", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2)}, 191 {"360", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2)}, 192 {"640", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2)}, 193 {"720", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2)}, 194 {"1200", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2)}, 195 {"1232", INIT(1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2)}, 196 {"1440", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2)}, 197 {"2880", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2)} 198 }; 199 200 static u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 201 0xfa, /* cli */ 202 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 203 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 204 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 205 0xfb, /* sti */ 206 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 207 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 208 0x5e, /* pop si */ 209 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 210 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 211 0xfc, /* cld */ 212 0xac, /* lodsb */ 213 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 214 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 215 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 216 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 217 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 218 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 219 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 220 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 221 0x0d, 0x0a, 222 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 223 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 224 0x0d, 0x0a, 225 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 226 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 227 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 228 0x0d, 0x0a, 229 0 230 }; 231 232 static int got_siginfo = 0; /* received a SIGINFO */ 233 234 #ifndef MAKEFS 235 static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); 236 #endif 237 static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 238 static int getbpbinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *, off_t); 239 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 240 static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 241 static int oklabel(const char *); 242 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 243 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 244 static void infohandler(int sig); 245 246 int 247 mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 248 { 249 char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; 250 struct stat sb; 251 struct timeval tv; 252 struct bpb bpb; 253 struct tm *tm; 254 struct bs *bs; 255 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 256 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 257 struct bsx *bsx; 258 struct de *de; 259 u_int8_t *img; 260 const char *bname; 261 ssize_t n; 262 time_t now; 263 u_int bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 264 int ch, fd, fd1; 265 struct msdos_options o = *op; 266 int oflags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT; 267 268 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 269 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 270 return -1; 271 } 272 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 273 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 274 return -1; 275 } 276 if (o.create_size) { 277 if (o.no_create) { 278 warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N"); 279 return -1; 280 } 281 if (o.offset == 0) 282 oflags |= O_TRUNC; 283 fd = open(fname, oflags, 0644); 284 if (fd == -1) { 285 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 286 return -1; 287 } 288 (void)lseek(fd, o.create_size - 1, SEEK_SET); 289 if (write(fd, "\0", 1) != 1) { 290 warn("failed to set file size"); 291 return -1; 292 } 293 (void)lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET); 294 } else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1 || 295 fstat(fd, &sb)) { 296 warn("%s", fname); 297 return -1; 298 } 299 #ifndef MAKEFS 300 if (!o.no_create) 301 if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1) 302 return -1; 303 #endif 304 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) && !o.create_size) { 305 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 306 return -1; 307 } 308 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 309 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 310 return -1; 311 } 312 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 313 if (o.floppy) { 314 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 315 return -1; 316 bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; 317 bpb.sec = 0; 318 bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; 319 bpb.spf = 0; 320 } 321 if (o.drive_heads) 322 bpb.hds = o.drive_heads; 323 if (o.sectors_per_track) 324 bpb.spt = o.sectors_per_track; 325 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 326 bpb.bps = o.bytes_per_sector; 327 if (o.size) 328 bpb.bsec = o.size; 329 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 330 bpb.hid = o.hidden_sectors; 331 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 332 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 333 if (getbpbinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb, 334 o.create_size) == -1) 335 return -1; 336 bpb.bsec -= (o.offset / bpb.bps); 337 if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */ 338 /* minimum cluster size */ 339 switch (o.fat_type) { 340 case 12: 341 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 342 x = 2; /* up to 2MB */ 343 break; 344 case 16: 345 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 346 x = 32; /* up to 32MB */ 347 break; 348 default: 349 bpb.spc = 8; /* use 4k */ 350 x = 8192; /* up to 8GB */ 351 break; 352 } 353 x1 = howmany(bpb.bsec, (1048576 / 512)); /* -> MB */ 354 while (bpb.spc < 128 && x < x1) { 355 x *= 2; 356 bpb.spc *= 2; 357 } 358 } 359 } 360 361 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 362 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 363 return -1; 364 } 365 366 switch (o.fat_type) { 367 case 0: 368 if (o.floppy) 369 o.fat_type = 12; 370 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 371 o.fat_type = 32; 372 break; 373 case 12: 374 case 16: 375 if (o.info_sector) { 376 warnx("Cannot specify info sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 377 return -1; 378 } 379 if (o.backup_sector) { 380 warnx("Cannot specify backup sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 381 return -1; 382 } 383 break; 384 case 32: 385 if (o.directory_entries) { 386 warnx("Cannot specify directory entries with FAT32"); 387 return -1; 388 } 389 break; 390 default: 391 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", o.fat_type); 392 return -1; 393 } 394 if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) { 395 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); 396 return -1; 397 } 398 if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) { 399 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 400 bpb.bps, MINBPS); 401 return -1; 402 } 403 404 if (o.floppy && o.fat_type == 32) 405 bpb.rde = 0; 406 if (o.block_size) { 407 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 408 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 409 return -1; 410 } 411 if (o.block_size < bpb.bps) { 412 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 413 o.block_size, bpb.bps); 414 return -1; 415 } 416 if (o.block_size > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) { 417 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 418 o.block_size, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); 419 return -1; 420 } 421 bpb.spc = o.block_size / bpb.bps; 422 } 423 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 424 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 425 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 426 o.sectors_per_cluster); 427 return -1; 428 } 429 bpb.spc = o.sectors_per_cluster; 430 } 431 if (o.reserved_sectors) 432 bpb.res = o.reserved_sectors; 433 if (o.num_FAT) { 434 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 435 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 436 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 437 return -1; 438 } 439 bpb.nft = o.num_FAT; 440 } 441 if (o.directory_entries) 442 bpb.rde = o.directory_entries; 443 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 444 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 445 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 446 return -1; 447 } 448 bpb.mid = o.media_descriptor; 449 } 450 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 451 bpb.bspf = o.sectors_per_fat; 452 if (o.info_sector) 453 bpb.infs = o.info_sector; 454 if (o.backup_sector) 455 bpb.bkbs = o.backup_sector; 456 bss = 1; 457 bname = NULL; 458 fd1 = -1; 459 if (o.bootstrap) { 460 bname = o.bootstrap; 461 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 462 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 463 if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) { 464 warn(NULL); 465 return -1; 466 } 467 } 468 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 469 warn("%s", bname); 470 return -1; 471 } 472 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || 473 sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) { 474 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 475 return -1; 476 } 477 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; 478 } 479 if (!bpb.nft) 480 bpb.nft = 2; 481 if (!o.fat_type) { 482 if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 483 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 484 ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * 485 bpb.nft + 486 howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, 487 bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 488 (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 489 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) 490 o.fat_type = 12; 491 else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < 492 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 493 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + 494 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 495 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 496 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) 497 o.fat_type = 16; 498 else 499 o.fat_type = 32; 500 } 501 x = bss; 502 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 503 if (!bpb.infs) { 504 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) { 505 warnx("no room for info sector"); 506 return -1; 507 } 508 bpb.infs = x; 509 } 510 if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) 511 x = bpb.infs + 1; 512 if (!bpb.bkbs) { 513 if (x == MAXU16) { 514 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 515 return -1; 516 } 517 bpb.bkbs = x; 518 } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) { 519 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 520 return -1; 521 } 522 if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) 523 x = bpb.bkbs + 1; 524 } 525 if (!bpb.res) 526 bpb.res = o.fat_type == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x; 527 else if (bpb.res < x) { 528 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, bpb.res); 529 return -1; 530 } 531 if (o.fat_type != 32 && !bpb.rde) 532 bpb.rde = DEFRDE; 533 rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); 534 if (!bpb.spc) 535 for (bpb.spc = howmany(o.fat_type == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); 536 bpb.spc < MAXSPC && 537 bpb.res + 538 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(o.fat_type)) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 539 bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + 540 rds + 541 (u_int64_t)(maxcls(o.fat_type) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; 542 bpb.spc <<= 1); 543 if (o.fat_type != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) { 544 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 545 return -1; 546 } 547 x1 = bpb.res + rds; 548 x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; 549 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) { 550 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 551 return -1; 552 } 553 x1 += x * bpb.nft; 554 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / 555 (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + o.fat_type / BPN * bpb.nft); 556 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(o.fat_type))) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 557 bpb.bps * NPB); 558 if (!bpb.bspf) { 559 bpb.bspf = x2; 560 x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; 561 } 562 cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; 563 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (o.fat_type / BPN) - RESFTE; 564 if (cls > x) 565 cls = x; 566 if (bpb.bspf < x2) { 567 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 568 cls); 569 return -1; 570 } 571 if (cls < mincls(o.fat_type)) { 572 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, 573 o.fat_type, mincls(o.fat_type)); 574 return -1; 575 } 576 if (cls > maxcls(o.fat_type)) { 577 cls = maxcls(o.fat_type); 578 bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; 579 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 580 bpb.bsec); 581 return -1; 582 } 583 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 584 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc, 585 cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, o.fat_type, 586 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); 587 if (!bpb.mid) 588 bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 589 if (o.fat_type == 32) 590 bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; 591 if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { 592 bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; 593 bpb.bsec = 0; 594 } 595 if (o.fat_type != 32) { 596 bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; 597 bpb.bspf = 0; 598 } 599 ch = 0; 600 if (o.fat_type == 12) 601 ch = 1; /* 001 Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT */ 602 else if (o.fat_type == 16) { 603 if (bpb.bsec == 0) 604 ch = 4; /* 004 Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT <32M */ 605 else 606 ch = 6; /* 006 Primary 'big' DOS, 16-bit FAT (> 32MB) */ 607 /* 608 * XXX: what about: 609 * 014 DOS (16-bit FAT) - LBA 610 * ? 611 */ 612 } else if (o.fat_type == 32) { 613 ch = 11; /* 011 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT */ 614 /* 615 * XXX: what about: 616 * 012 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT - LBA 617 * ? 618 */ 619 } 620 if (ch != 0) 621 printf("MBR type: %d\n", ch); 622 print_bpb(&bpb); 623 if (!o.no_create) { 624 if (o.timestamp_set) { 625 tv.tv_sec = now = o.timestamp; 626 tv.tv_usec = 0; 627 tm = gmtime(&now); 628 } else { 629 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 630 now = tv.tv_sec; 631 tm = localtime(&now); 632 } 633 if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps))) 634 err(1, NULL); 635 dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; 636 #ifdef SIGINFO 637 signal(SIGINFO, infohandler); 638 #endif 639 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { 640 if (got_siginfo) { 641 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 642 fname,lsn,(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)), 643 (lsn*100)/(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds))); 644 got_siginfo = 0; 645 } 646 x = lsn; 647 if (o.bootstrap && 648 o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 649 bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { 650 x -= bpb.bkbs; 651 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 652 warn("%s", bname); 653 return -1; 654 } 655 } 656 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 657 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 658 warn("%s", bname); 659 return -1; 660 } 661 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 662 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 663 return -1; 664 } 665 } else 666 memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); 667 if (!lsn || 668 (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { 669 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 670 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 671 mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); 672 mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); 673 mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); 674 mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); 675 mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); 676 mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); 677 mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); 678 mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); 679 mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); 680 mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); 681 mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); 682 mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); 683 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 684 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 685 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 686 mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); 687 mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); 688 mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); 689 mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); 690 mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); 691 mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); 692 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 693 } 694 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 695 mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); 696 if (o.volume_id_set) 697 x = o.volume_id; 698 else 699 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 700 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 701 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 702 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 703 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 704 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 705 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 706 mk4(bsx->volid, x); 707 mklabel(bsx->label, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 708 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", o.fat_type); 709 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); 710 if (!o.bootstrap) { 711 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 712 bs = (struct bs *)img; 713 mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); 714 mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); 715 mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); 716 setstr(bs->oem, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "NetBSD", 717 sizeof(bs->oem)); 718 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 719 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 720 } 721 } else if (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && 722 (lsn == bpb.infs || 723 (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 724 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { 725 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 726 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 727 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 728 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff); 729 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 730 } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && 731 !((lsn - bpb.res) % 732 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { 733 mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); 734 for (x = 1; x < o.fat_type * (o.fat_type == 32 ? 3U : 2U) / 8U; x++) 735 mk1(img[x], o.fat_type == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 736 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 737 de = (struct de *)img; 738 mklabel(de->namext, o.volume_label); 739 mk1(de->attr, 050); 740 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 741 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 742 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 743 mk2(de->time, x); 744 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 745 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 746 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 747 mk2(de->date, x); 748 } 749 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 750 warn("%s", fname); 751 return -1; 752 } 753 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 754 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 755 return -1; 756 } 757 } 758 } 759 return 0; 760 } 761 762 #ifndef MAKEFS 763 /* 764 * return -1 with error if file system is mounted. 765 */ 766 static int 767 check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) 768 { 769 struct statvfs *mp; 770 const char *s1, *s2; 771 size_t len; 772 int n, r; 773 774 if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) { 775 warn("getmntinfo"); 776 return -1; 777 } 778 len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); 779 s1 = fname; 780 if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) 781 s1 += len; 782 r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; 783 for (; n--; mp++) { 784 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 785 if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) 786 s2 += len; 787 if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || 788 !strcmp(s1, s2)) { 789 warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); 790 return -1; 791 } 792 } 793 return 0; 794 } 795 #endif 796 797 /* 798 * Get a standard format. 799 */ 800 static int 801 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 802 { 803 u_int x, i; 804 805 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); 806 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 807 if (i == x) { 808 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 809 return -1; 810 } 811 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 812 return 0; 813 } 814 815 /* 816 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 817 */ 818 static int 819 getbpbinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int iflag, 820 struct bpb *bpb, off_t create_size) 821 { 822 const char *s1, *s2; 823 int part; 824 825 part = -1; 826 s1 = fname; 827 if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/'))) 828 s1 = s2 + 1; 829 for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++); 830 if (!*s2 || s2 == s1) 831 s2 = NULL; 832 else 833 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2)); 834 s1 = s2; 835 836 #ifndef MAKEFS 837 int maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); 838 struct disk_geom geo; 839 struct dkwedge_info dkw; 840 841 // XXX: Does not work with wedges 842 if (s2 && *s2 >= 'a' && *s2 <= 'a' + maxpartitions - 1) { 843 part = *s2++ - 'a'; 844 } 845 #endif 846 847 if (!(((part != -1) && ((!iflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) || 848 !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds)) { 849 return 0; 850 } 851 852 u_int sector_size = 512; 853 u_int nsectors = 63; 854 u_int ntracks = 255; 855 u_int size; 856 857 if (create_size == 0) { 858 #ifndef MAKEFS 859 if (getdiskinfo(fname, fd, NULL, &geo, &dkw) != -1) { 860 sector_size = geo.dg_secsize; 861 nsectors = geo.dg_nsectors; 862 ntracks = geo.dg_ntracks; 863 size = dkw.dkw_size; 864 } else 865 #endif 866 { 867 struct stat st; 868 869 if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) { 870 warnx("Can't get disk size for `%s'", fname); 871 return -1; 872 } 873 size = st.st_size / sector_size; 874 } 875 } else { 876 size = create_size / sector_size; 877 } 878 879 if (!bpb->bps) { 880 if (ckgeom(fname, sector_size, "bytes/sector") == -1) 881 return -1; 882 bpb->bps = sector_size; 883 } 884 885 if (nsectors > 63) { 886 /* 887 * The kernel doesn't accept BPB with spt > 63. 888 * (see sys/fs/msdosfs/msdosfs_vfsops.c:msdosfs_mountfs()) 889 * If values taken from disklabel don't match these 890 * restrictions, use popular BIOS default values instead. 891 */ 892 nsectors = 63; 893 } 894 if (!bpb->spt) { 895 if (ckgeom(fname, nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 896 return -1; 897 bpb->spt = nsectors; 898 } 899 if (!bpb->hds) 900 if (ckgeom(fname, ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 901 return -1; 902 bpb->hds = ntracks; 903 if (!bpb->bsec) 904 bpb->bsec = size; 905 906 return 0; 907 } 908 909 /* 910 * Print out BPB values. 911 */ 912 static void 913 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 914 { 915 printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, 916 bpb->nft); 917 if (bpb->rde) 918 printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); 919 if (bpb->sec) 920 printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); 921 printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid); 922 if (bpb->spf) 923 printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); 924 printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); 925 if (bpb->bsec) 926 printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); 927 if (!bpb->spf) { 928 printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); 929 printf(" infs="); 930 printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs); 931 printf(" bkbs="); 932 printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); 933 } 934 printf("\n"); 935 } 936 937 /* 938 * Check a disk geometry value. 939 */ 940 static int 941 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 942 { 943 if (!val) { 944 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 945 return -1; 946 } 947 if (val > MAXU16) { 948 warnx("%s: illegal %s", fname, msg); 949 return -1; 950 } 951 return 0; 952 } 953 /* 954 * Check a volume label. 955 */ 956 static int 957 oklabel(const char *src) 958 { 959 int c, i; 960 961 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 962 c = (u_char)*src++; 963 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 964 break; 965 } 966 return i && !c; 967 } 968 969 /* 970 * Make a volume label. 971 */ 972 static void 973 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 974 { 975 int c, i; 976 977 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 978 c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' '; 979 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 980 } 981 } 982 983 /* 984 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 985 */ 986 static void 987 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 988 { 989 while (len--) 990 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 991 } 992 993 static void 994 infohandler(int sig) 995 { 996 got_siginfo = 1; 997 } 998
Indexes created Tue Sep 23 02:09:52 GMT 2025