mkfs_msdos.c revision 1.9
1 /* $NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.9 2014/01/05 12:52:39 martin Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 14 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 15 * distribution. 16 * 17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 18 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 19 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 21 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 23 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 24 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 25 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 26 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 27 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 28 */ 29 30 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H 31 #include "nbtool_config.h" 32 #endif 33 34 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 35 #ifndef lint 36 #if 0 37 static const char rcsid[] = 38 "$FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c,v 1.15 2000/10/10 01:49:37 wollman Exp $"; 39 #else 40 __RCSID("$NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.9 2014/01/05 12:52:39 martin Exp $"); 41 #endif 42 #endif /* not lint */ 43 44 #include <sys/types.h> 45 #include <sys/param.h> 46 #include <sys/stat.h> 47 #include <sys/time.h> 48 #ifndef MAKEFS 49 #include <sys/mount.h> 50 #include <sys/disk.h> 51 #endif 52 53 #include <ctype.h> 54 #include <err.h> 55 #include <errno.h> 56 #include <fcntl.h> 57 #include <paths.h> 58 #include <stdio.h> 59 #include <stdlib.h> 60 #include <string.h> 61 #include <time.h> 62 #include <unistd.h> 63 #include <signal.h> 64 65 #include <util.h> 66 #include <disktab.h> 67 68 #ifndef MAKEFS 69 #include "partutil.h" 70 #endif 71 #include "mkfs_msdos.h" 72 73 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 74 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 75 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 76 77 #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 78 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 79 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 80 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 81 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 82 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 83 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 84 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 85 #define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 86 #define MINCLS16 0xff5 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 87 #define MINCLS32 0xfff5 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 88 #define MAXCLS12 0xff4 /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 89 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff4 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 90 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 91 92 #define mincls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 93 (fat_type) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 94 MINCLS32) 95 96 #define maxcls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 97 (fat_type) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 98 MAXCLS32) 99 100 #define mk1(p, x) \ 101 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 102 103 #define mk2(p, x) \ 104 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 105 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 106 107 #define mk4(p, x) \ 108 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 109 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 110 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 111 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 112 113 struct bs { 114 u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 115 u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 116 }; 117 118 struct bsbpb { 119 u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 120 u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 121 u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 122 u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ 123 u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ 124 u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ 125 u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ 126 u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 127 u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ 128 u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ 129 u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 130 u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ 131 }; 132 133 struct bsxbpb { 134 u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 135 u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 136 u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ 137 u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 138 u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ 139 u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 140 u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ 141 }; 142 143 struct bsx { 144 u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ 145 u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ 146 u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ 147 u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ 148 u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ 149 u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ 150 }; 151 152 struct de { 153 u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ 154 u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ 155 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 156 u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ 157 u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ 158 u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ 159 u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ 160 }; 161 162 struct bpb { 163 u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ 164 u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 165 u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ 166 u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ 167 u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ 168 u_int sec; /* total sectors */ 169 u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ 170 u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ 171 u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ 172 u_int hds; /* drive heads */ 173 u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ 174 u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ 175 u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ 176 u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ 177 u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ 178 u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ 179 }; 180 181 #define INIT(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) \ 182 { .bps = a, .spc = b, .res = c, .nft = d, .rde = e, \ 183 .sec = f, .mid = g, .spf = h, .spt = i, .hds = j, } 184 static struct { 185 const char *name; 186 struct bpb bpb; 187 } stdfmt[] = { 188 {"160", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1)}, 189 {"180", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1)}, 190 {"320", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2)}, 191 {"360", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2)}, 192 {"640", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2)}, 193 {"720", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2)}, 194 {"1200", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2)}, 195 {"1232", INIT(1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2)}, 196 {"1440", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2)}, 197 {"2880", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2)} 198 }; 199 200 static u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 201 0xfa, /* cli */ 202 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 203 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 204 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 205 0xfb, /* sti */ 206 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 207 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 208 0x5e, /* pop si */ 209 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 210 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 211 0xfc, /* cld */ 212 0xac, /* lodsb */ 213 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 214 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 215 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 216 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 217 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 218 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 219 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 220 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 221 0x0d, 0x0a, 222 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 223 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 224 0x0d, 0x0a, 225 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 226 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 227 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 228 0x0d, 0x0a, 229 0 230 }; 231 232 static int got_siginfo = 0; /* received a SIGINFO */ 233 234 #ifndef MAKEFS 235 static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); 236 #endif 237 static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 238 static int getbpbinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *, int); 239 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 240 static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 241 static int oklabel(const char *); 242 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 243 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 244 static void infohandler(int sig); 245 246 int 247 mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 248 { 249 char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; 250 struct stat sb; 251 struct timeval tv; 252 struct bpb bpb; 253 struct tm *tm; 254 struct bs *bs; 255 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 256 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 257 struct bsx *bsx; 258 struct de *de; 259 u_int8_t *img; 260 const char *bname; 261 ssize_t n; 262 time_t now; 263 u_int bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 264 int ch, fd, fd1; 265 struct msdos_options o = *op; 266 int oflags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT; 267 268 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 269 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 270 return -1; 271 } 272 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 273 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 274 return -1; 275 } 276 if (o.create_size) { 277 if (o.no_create) { 278 warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N"); 279 return -1; 280 } 281 if (o.offset == 0) 282 oflags |= O_TRUNC; 283 fd = open(fname, oflags, 0644); 284 if (fd == -1) { 285 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 286 return -1; 287 } 288 (void)lseek(fd, o.create_size - 1, SEEK_SET); 289 if (write(fd, "\0", 1) != 1) { 290 warn("failed to set file size"); 291 return -1; 292 } 293 (void)lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET); 294 } else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1 || 295 fstat(fd, &sb)) { 296 warn("%s", fname); 297 return -1; 298 } 299 #ifndef MAKEFS 300 if (!o.no_create) 301 if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1) 302 return -1; 303 #endif 304 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) && !o.create_size) { 305 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 306 return -1; 307 } 308 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 309 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 310 return -1; 311 } 312 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 313 if (o.floppy) { 314 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 315 return -1; 316 bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; 317 bpb.sec = 0; 318 bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; 319 bpb.spf = 0; 320 } 321 if (o.drive_heads) 322 bpb.hds = o.drive_heads; 323 if (o.sectors_per_track) 324 bpb.spt = o.sectors_per_track; 325 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 326 bpb.bps = o.bytes_per_sector; 327 if (o.size) 328 bpb.bsec = o.size; 329 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 330 bpb.hid = o.hidden_sectors; 331 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 332 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 333 if (getbpbinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb, 334 o.create_size != 0) == -1) 335 return -1; 336 bpb.bsec -= (o.offset / bpb.bps); 337 if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */ 338 if (bpb.bsec <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */ 339 bpb.spc = 1; 340 else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */ 341 bpb.spc = 8; 342 else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */ 343 bpb.spc = 16; 344 else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */ 345 bpb.spc = 32; 346 else 347 bpb.spc = 64; /* otherwise 32k */ 348 } 349 } 350 351 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 352 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 353 return -1; 354 } 355 356 switch (o.fat_type) { 357 case 0: 358 if (o.floppy) 359 o.fat_type = 12; 360 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 361 o.fat_type = 32; 362 break; 363 case 12: 364 case 16: 365 if (o.info_sector) { 366 warnx("Cannot specify info sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 367 return -1; 368 } 369 if (o.backup_sector) { 370 warnx("Cannot specify backup sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 371 return -1; 372 } 373 break; 374 case 32: 375 if (o.directory_entries) { 376 warnx("Cannot specify directory entries with FAT32"); 377 return -1; 378 } 379 break; 380 default: 381 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", o.fat_type); 382 return -1; 383 } 384 if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) { 385 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); 386 return -1; 387 } 388 if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) { 389 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 390 bpb.bps, MINBPS); 391 return -1; 392 } 393 394 if (o.floppy && o.fat_type == 32) 395 bpb.rde = 0; 396 if (o.block_size) { 397 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 398 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 399 return -1; 400 } 401 if (o.block_size < bpb.bps) { 402 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 403 o.block_size, bpb.bps); 404 return -1; 405 } 406 if (o.block_size > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) { 407 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 408 o.block_size, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); 409 return -1; 410 } 411 bpb.spc = o.block_size / bpb.bps; 412 } 413 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 414 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 415 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 416 o.sectors_per_cluster); 417 return -1; 418 } 419 bpb.spc = o.sectors_per_cluster; 420 } 421 if (o.reserved_sectors) 422 bpb.res = o.reserved_sectors; 423 if (o.num_FAT) { 424 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 425 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 426 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 427 return -1; 428 } 429 bpb.nft = o.num_FAT; 430 } 431 if (o.directory_entries) 432 bpb.rde = o.directory_entries; 433 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 434 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 435 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 436 return -1; 437 } 438 bpb.mid = o.media_descriptor; 439 } 440 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 441 bpb.bspf = o.sectors_per_fat; 442 if (o.info_sector) 443 bpb.infs = o.info_sector; 444 if (o.backup_sector) 445 bpb.bkbs = o.backup_sector; 446 bss = 1; 447 bname = NULL; 448 fd1 = -1; 449 if (o.bootstrap) { 450 bname = o.bootstrap; 451 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 452 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 453 if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) { 454 warn(NULL); 455 return -1; 456 } 457 } 458 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 459 warn("%s", bname); 460 return -1; 461 } 462 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || 463 sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) { 464 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 465 return -1; 466 } 467 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; 468 } 469 if (!bpb.nft) 470 bpb.nft = 2; 471 if (!o.fat_type) { 472 if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 473 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 474 ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * 475 bpb.nft + 476 howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, 477 bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 478 (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 479 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) 480 o.fat_type = 12; 481 else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < 482 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 483 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + 484 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 485 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 486 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) 487 o.fat_type = 16; 488 else 489 o.fat_type = 32; 490 } 491 x = bss; 492 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 493 if (!bpb.infs) { 494 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) { 495 warnx("no room for info sector"); 496 return -1; 497 } 498 bpb.infs = x; 499 } 500 if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) 501 x = bpb.infs + 1; 502 if (!bpb.bkbs) { 503 if (x == MAXU16) { 504 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 505 return -1; 506 } 507 bpb.bkbs = x; 508 } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) { 509 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 510 return -1; 511 } 512 if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) 513 x = bpb.bkbs + 1; 514 } 515 if (!bpb.res) 516 bpb.res = o.fat_type == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x; 517 else if (bpb.res < x) { 518 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, bpb.res); 519 return -1; 520 } 521 if (o.fat_type != 32 && !bpb.rde) 522 bpb.rde = DEFRDE; 523 rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); 524 if (!bpb.spc) 525 for (bpb.spc = howmany(o.fat_type == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); 526 bpb.spc < MAXSPC && 527 bpb.res + 528 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(o.fat_type)) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 529 bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + 530 rds + 531 (u_int64_t)(maxcls(o.fat_type) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; 532 bpb.spc <<= 1); 533 if (o.fat_type != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) { 534 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 535 return -1; 536 } 537 x1 = bpb.res + rds; 538 x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; 539 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) { 540 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 541 return -1; 542 } 543 x1 += x * bpb.nft; 544 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / 545 (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + o.fat_type / BPN * bpb.nft); 546 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(o.fat_type))) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 547 bpb.bps * NPB); 548 if (!bpb.bspf) { 549 bpb.bspf = x2; 550 x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; 551 } 552 cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; 553 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (o.fat_type / BPN) - RESFTE; 554 if (cls > x) 555 cls = x; 556 if (bpb.bspf < x2) { 557 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 558 cls); 559 return -1; 560 } 561 if (cls < mincls(o.fat_type)) { 562 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, 563 o.fat_type, mincls(o.fat_type)); 564 return -1; 565 } 566 if (cls > maxcls(o.fat_type)) { 567 cls = maxcls(o.fat_type); 568 bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; 569 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 570 bpb.bsec); 571 return -1; 572 } 573 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 574 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc, 575 cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, o.fat_type, 576 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); 577 if (!bpb.mid) 578 bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 579 if (o.fat_type == 32) 580 bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; 581 if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { 582 bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; 583 bpb.bsec = 0; 584 } 585 if (o.fat_type != 32) { 586 bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; 587 bpb.bspf = 0; 588 } 589 ch = 0; 590 if (o.fat_type == 12) 591 ch = 1; /* 001 Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT */ 592 else if (o.fat_type == 16) { 593 if (bpb.bsec == 0) 594 ch = 4; /* 004 Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT <32M */ 595 else 596 ch = 6; /* 006 Primary 'big' DOS, 16-bit FAT (> 32MB) */ 597 /* 598 * XXX: what about: 599 * 014 DOS (16-bit FAT) - LBA 600 * ? 601 */ 602 } else if (o.fat_type == 32) { 603 ch = 11; /* 011 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT */ 604 /* 605 * XXX: what about: 606 * 012 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT - LBA 607 * ? 608 */ 609 } 610 if (ch != 0) 611 printf("MBR type: %d\n", ch); 612 print_bpb(&bpb); 613 if (!o.no_create) { 614 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 615 now = tv.tv_sec; 616 tm = localtime(&now); 617 if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps))) 618 err(1, NULL); 619 dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; 620 #ifdef SIGINFO 621 signal(SIGINFO, infohandler); 622 #endif 623 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { 624 if (got_siginfo) { 625 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 626 fname,lsn,(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)), 627 (lsn*100)/(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds))); 628 got_siginfo = 0; 629 } 630 x = lsn; 631 if (o.bootstrap && 632 o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 633 bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { 634 x -= bpb.bkbs; 635 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 636 warn("%s", bname); 637 return -1; 638 } 639 } 640 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 641 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 642 warn("%s", bname); 643 return -1; 644 } 645 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 646 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 647 return -1; 648 } 649 } else 650 memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); 651 if (!lsn || 652 (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { 653 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 654 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 655 mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); 656 mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); 657 mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); 658 mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); 659 mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); 660 mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); 661 mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); 662 mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); 663 mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); 664 mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); 665 mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); 666 mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); 667 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 668 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 669 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 670 mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); 671 mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); 672 mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); 673 mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); 674 mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); 675 mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); 676 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 677 } 678 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 679 mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); 680 if (o.volume_id_set) 681 x = o.volume_id; 682 else 683 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 684 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 685 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 686 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 687 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 688 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 689 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 690 mk4(bsx->volid, x); 691 mklabel(bsx->label, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 692 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", o.fat_type); 693 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); 694 if (!o.bootstrap) { 695 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 696 bs = (struct bs *)img; 697 mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); 698 mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); 699 mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); 700 setstr(bs->oem, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "NetBSD", 701 sizeof(bs->oem)); 702 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 703 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 704 } 705 } else if (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && 706 (lsn == bpb.infs || 707 (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 708 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { 709 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 710 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 711 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 712 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff); 713 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 714 } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && 715 !((lsn - bpb.res) % 716 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { 717 mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); 718 for (x = 1; x < o.fat_type * (o.fat_type == 32 ? 3U : 2U) / 8U; x++) 719 mk1(img[x], o.fat_type == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 720 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 721 de = (struct de *)img; 722 mklabel(de->namext, o.volume_label); 723 mk1(de->attr, 050); 724 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 725 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 726 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 727 mk2(de->time, x); 728 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 729 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 730 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 731 mk2(de->date, x); 732 } 733 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 734 warn("%s", fname); 735 return -1; 736 } 737 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 738 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 739 return -1; 740 } 741 } 742 } 743 return 0; 744 } 745 746 #ifndef MAKEFS 747 /* 748 * return -1 with error if file system is mounted. 749 */ 750 static int 751 check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) 752 { 753 struct statvfs *mp; 754 const char *s1, *s2; 755 size_t len; 756 int n, r; 757 758 if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) { 759 warn("getmntinfo"); 760 return -1; 761 } 762 len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); 763 s1 = fname; 764 if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) 765 s1 += len; 766 r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; 767 for (; n--; mp++) { 768 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 769 if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) 770 s2 += len; 771 if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || 772 !strcmp(s1, s2)) { 773 warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); 774 return -1; 775 } 776 } 777 return 0; 778 } 779 #endif 780 781 /* 782 * Get a standard format. 783 */ 784 static int 785 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 786 { 787 u_int x, i; 788 789 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); 790 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 791 if (i == x) { 792 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 793 return -1; 794 } 795 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 796 return 0; 797 } 798 799 /* 800 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 801 */ 802 static int 803 getbpbinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int iflag, 804 struct bpb *bpb, int create) 805 { 806 const char *s1, *s2; 807 int part; 808 809 part = -1; 810 s1 = fname; 811 if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/'))) 812 s1 = s2 + 1; 813 for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++); 814 if (!*s2 || s2 == s1) 815 s2 = NULL; 816 else 817 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2)); 818 s1 = s2; 819 820 #ifndef MAKEFS 821 int maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); 822 823 // XXX: Does not work with wedges 824 if (s2 && *s2 >= 'a' && *s2 <= 'a' + maxpartitions - 1) { 825 part = *s2++ - 'a'; 826 } 827 #endif 828 if (((part != -1) && ((!iflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) || 829 !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds) { 830 u_int sector_size; 831 u_int nsectors; 832 u_int ntracks; 833 u_int size; 834 #ifndef MAKEFS 835 struct disk_geom geo; 836 struct dkwedge_info dkw; 837 838 if (!create && getdiskinfo(fname, fd, NULL, &geo, &dkw) != -1) { 839 sector_size = geo.dg_secsize = 512; 840 nsectors = geo.dg_nsectors = 63; 841 ntracks = geo.dg_ntracks = 255; 842 size = dkw.dkw_size; 843 } else 844 #endif 845 { 846 struct stat st; 847 848 if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) { 849 warnx("Can't get disk size for `%s'", fname); 850 return -1; 851 } 852 /* create a fake geometry for a file image */ 853 sector_size = 512; 854 nsectors = 63; 855 ntracks = 255; 856 size = st.st_size / sector_size; 857 } 858 if (!bpb->bps) { 859 if (ckgeom(fname, sector_size, "bytes/sector") == -1) 860 return -1; 861 bpb->bps = sector_size; 862 } 863 864 if (nsectors > 63) { 865 /* 866 * The kernel doesn't accept BPB with spt > 63. 867 * (see sys/fs/msdosfs/msdosfs_vfsops.c:msdosfs_mountfs()) 868 * If values taken from disklabel don't match these 869 * restrictions, use popular BIOS default values instead. 870 */ 871 nsectors = 63; 872 } 873 if (!bpb->spt) { 874 if (ckgeom(fname, nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 875 return -1; 876 bpb->spt = nsectors; 877 } 878 if (!bpb->hds) 879 if (ckgeom(fname, ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 880 return -1; 881 bpb->hds = ntracks; 882 if (!bpb->bsec) 883 bpb->bsec = size; 884 } 885 return 0; 886 } 887 888 /* 889 * Print out BPB values. 890 */ 891 static void 892 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 893 { 894 printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, 895 bpb->nft); 896 if (bpb->rde) 897 printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); 898 if (bpb->sec) 899 printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); 900 printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid); 901 if (bpb->spf) 902 printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); 903 printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); 904 if (bpb->bsec) 905 printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); 906 if (!bpb->spf) { 907 printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); 908 printf(" infs="); 909 printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs); 910 printf(" bkbs="); 911 printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); 912 } 913 printf("\n"); 914 } 915 916 /* 917 * Check a disk geometry value. 918 */ 919 static int 920 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 921 { 922 if (!val) { 923 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 924 return -1; 925 } 926 if (val > MAXU16) { 927 warnx("%s: illegal %s", fname, msg); 928 return -1; 929 } 930 return 0; 931 } 932 /* 933 * Check a volume label. 934 */ 935 static int 936 oklabel(const char *src) 937 { 938 int c, i; 939 940 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 941 c = (u_char)*src++; 942 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 943 break; 944 } 945 return i && !c; 946 } 947 948 /* 949 * Make a volume label. 950 */ 951 static void 952 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 953 { 954 int c, i; 955 956 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 957 c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' '; 958 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 959 } 960 } 961 962 /* 963 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 964 */ 965 static void 966 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 967 { 968 while (len--) 969 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 970 } 971 972 static void 973 infohandler(int sig) 974 { 975 got_siginfo = 1; 976 } 977
Indexes created Tue Sep 23 07:09:52 GMT 2025