newfs_msdos.c revision 1.27.2.2
1 /* $NetBSD: newfs_msdos.c,v 1.27.2.2 2009/02/02 20:52:42 snj Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 14 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 15 * distribution. 16 * 17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 18 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 19 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 21 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 23 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 24 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 25 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 26 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 27 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 28 */ 29 30 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 31 #ifndef lint 32 #if 0 33 static const char rcsid[] = 34 "$FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c,v 1.15 2000/10/10 01:49:37 wollman Exp $"; 35 #else 36 __RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs_msdos.c,v 1.27.2.2 2009/02/02 20:52:42 snj Exp $"); 37 #endif 38 #endif /* not lint */ 39 40 #include <sys/types.h> 41 #include <sys/param.h> 42 #include <sys/mount.h> 43 #include <sys/stat.h> 44 #include <sys/time.h> 45 #include <sys/disk.h> 46 47 #include <ctype.h> 48 #include <err.h> 49 #include <errno.h> 50 #include <fcntl.h> 51 #include <paths.h> 52 #include <stdio.h> 53 #include <stdlib.h> 54 #include <string.h> 55 #include <time.h> 56 #include <unistd.h> 57 #include <signal.h> 58 59 #include <util.h> 60 #include <disktab.h> 61 62 #include "partutil.h" 63 64 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 65 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 66 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 67 68 #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 69 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 70 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 71 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 72 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 73 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 74 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 75 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 76 #define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 77 #define MINCLS16 0x1000 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 78 #define MINCLS32 2 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 79 #define MAXCLS12 0xfed /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 80 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff5 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 81 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff5 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 82 83 #define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 84 (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 85 MINCLS32) 86 87 #define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 88 (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 89 MAXCLS32) 90 91 #define mk1(p, x) \ 92 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 93 94 #define mk2(p, x) \ 95 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 96 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 97 98 #define mk4(p, x) \ 99 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 100 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 101 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 102 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 103 104 #define argto1(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xff, msg) 105 #define argto2(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffff, msg) 106 #define argto4(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffffffff, msg) 107 #define argtox(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, UINT_MAX, msg) 108 109 struct bs { 110 u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 111 u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 112 }; 113 114 struct bsbpb { 115 u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 116 u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 117 u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 118 u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ 119 u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ 120 u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ 121 u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ 122 u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 123 u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ 124 u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ 125 u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 126 u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ 127 }; 128 129 struct bsxbpb { 130 u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 131 u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 132 u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ 133 u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 134 u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ 135 u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 136 u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ 137 }; 138 139 struct bsx { 140 u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ 141 u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ 142 u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ 143 u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ 144 u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ 145 u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ 146 }; 147 148 struct de { 149 u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ 150 u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ 151 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 152 u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ 153 u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ 154 u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ 155 u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ 156 }; 157 158 struct bpb { 159 u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ 160 u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 161 u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ 162 u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ 163 u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ 164 u_int sec; /* total sectors */ 165 u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ 166 u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ 167 u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ 168 u_int hds; /* drive heads */ 169 u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ 170 u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ 171 u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ 172 u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ 173 u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ 174 u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ 175 }; 176 177 #define INIT(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) \ 178 { .bps = a, .spc = b, .res = c, .nft = d, .rde = e, \ 179 .sec = f, .mid = g, .spf = h, .spt = i, .hds = j, } 180 static struct { 181 const char *name; 182 struct bpb bpb; 183 } stdfmt[] = { 184 {"160", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1)}, 185 {"180", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1)}, 186 {"320", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2)}, 187 {"360", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2)}, 188 {"640", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2)}, 189 {"720", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2)}, 190 {"1200", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2)}, 191 {"1232", INIT(1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2)}, 192 {"1440", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2)}, 193 {"2880", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2)} 194 }; 195 196 static u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 197 0xfa, /* cli */ 198 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 199 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 200 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 201 0xfb, /* sti */ 202 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 203 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 204 0x5e, /* pop si */ 205 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 206 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 207 0xfc, /* cld */ 208 0xac, /* lodsb */ 209 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 210 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 211 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 212 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 213 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 214 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 215 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 216 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 217 0x0d, 0x0a, 218 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 219 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 220 0x0d, 0x0a, 221 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 222 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 223 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 224 0x0d, 0x0a, 225 0 226 }; 227 228 static int got_siginfo = 0; /* received a SIGINFO */ 229 230 static void check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); 231 static void getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 232 static void getbpbinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *); 233 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 234 static u_int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 235 static u_int argtou(const char *, u_int, u_int, const char *); 236 static int oklabel(const char *); 237 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 238 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 239 static void usage(void); 240 static void infohandler(int sig); 241 242 /* 243 * Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system. 244 */ 245 int 246 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 247 { 248 static char opts[] = "NB:F:I:L:O:S:a:b:c:e:f:h:i:k:m:n:o:r:s:u:"; 249 static const char *opt_B, *opt_L, *opt_O, *opt_f; 250 static u_int opt_F, opt_I, opt_S, opt_a, opt_b, opt_c, opt_e; 251 static u_int opt_h, opt_i, opt_k, opt_m, opt_n, opt_o, opt_r; 252 static u_int opt_s, opt_u; 253 static int opt_N; 254 static int Iflag, mflag, oflag; 255 char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; 256 struct stat sb; 257 struct timeval tv; 258 struct bpb bpb; 259 struct tm *tm; 260 struct bs *bs; 261 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 262 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 263 struct bsx *bsx; 264 struct de *de; 265 u_int8_t *img; 266 const char *fname, *dtype, *bname; 267 ssize_t n; 268 time_t now; 269 u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 270 int ch, fd, fd1; 271 272 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opts)) != -1) 273 switch (ch) { 274 case 'N': 275 opt_N = 1; 276 break; 277 case 'B': 278 opt_B = optarg; 279 break; 280 case 'F': 281 if (strcmp(optarg, "12") && 282 strcmp(optarg, "16") && 283 strcmp(optarg, "32")) 284 errx(1, "%s: bad FAT type", optarg); 285 opt_F = atoi(optarg); 286 break; 287 case 'I': 288 opt_I = argto4(optarg, 0, "volume ID"); 289 Iflag = 1; 290 break; 291 case 'L': 292 if (!oklabel(optarg)) 293 errx(1, "%s: bad volume label", optarg); 294 opt_L = optarg; 295 break; 296 case 'O': 297 if (strlen(optarg) > 8) 298 errx(1, "%s: bad OEM string", optarg); 299 opt_O = optarg; 300 break; 301 case 'S': 302 opt_S = argto2(optarg, 1, "bytes/sector"); 303 break; 304 case 'a': 305 opt_a = argto4(optarg, 1, "sectors/FAT"); 306 break; 307 case 'b': 308 opt_b = argtox(optarg, 1, "block size"); 309 opt_c = 0; 310 break; 311 case 'c': 312 opt_c = argto1(optarg, 1, "sectors/cluster"); 313 opt_b = 0; 314 break; 315 case 'e': 316 opt_e = argto2(optarg, 1, "directory entries"); 317 break; 318 case 'f': 319 opt_f = optarg; 320 break; 321 case 'h': 322 opt_h = argto2(optarg, 1, "drive heads"); 323 break; 324 case 'i': 325 opt_i = argto2(optarg, 1, "info sector"); 326 break; 327 case 'k': 328 opt_k = argto2(optarg, 1, "backup sector"); 329 break; 330 case 'm': 331 opt_m = argto1(optarg, 0, "media descriptor"); 332 mflag = 1; 333 break; 334 case 'n': 335 opt_n = argto1(optarg, 1, "number of FATs"); 336 break; 337 case 'o': 338 opt_o = argto4(optarg, 0, "hidden sectors"); 339 oflag = 1; 340 break; 341 case 'r': 342 opt_r = argto2(optarg, 1, "reserved sectors"); 343 break; 344 case 's': 345 opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "file system size"); 346 break; 347 case 'u': 348 opt_u = argto2(optarg, 1, "sectors/track"); 349 break; 350 default: 351 usage(); 352 } 353 argc -= optind; 354 argv += optind; 355 if (argc < 1 || argc > 2) 356 usage(); 357 fname = *argv++; 358 if (!strchr(fname, '/')) { 359 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, fname); 360 if (!(fname = strdup(buf))) 361 err(1, NULL); 362 } 363 dtype = *argv; 364 if ((fd = open(fname, opt_N ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1 || 365 fstat(fd, &sb)) 366 err(1, "%s", fname); 367 if (!opt_N) 368 check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode); 369 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 370 warnx("warning: %s is not a character device", fname); 371 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 372 if (opt_f) { 373 getstdfmt(opt_f, &bpb); 374 bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; 375 bpb.sec = 0; 376 bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; 377 bpb.spf = 0; 378 } 379 if (opt_h) 380 bpb.hds = opt_h; 381 if (opt_u) 382 bpb.spt = opt_u; 383 if (opt_S) 384 bpb.bps = opt_S; 385 if (opt_s) 386 bpb.bsec = opt_s; 387 if (oflag) 388 bpb.hid = opt_o; 389 if (!(opt_f || (opt_h && opt_u && opt_S && opt_s && oflag))) 390 getbpbinfo(fd, fname, dtype, oflag, &bpb); 391 if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) 392 errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); 393 if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) 394 errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 395 bpb.bps, MINBPS); 396 if (!(fat = opt_F)) { 397 if (opt_f) 398 fat = 12; 399 else if (!opt_e && (opt_i || opt_k)) 400 fat = 32; 401 } 402 if ((fat == 32 && opt_e) || (fat != 32 && (opt_i || opt_k))) 403 errx(1, "-%c is not a legal FAT%s option", 404 fat == 32 ? 'e' : opt_i ? 'i' : 'k', 405 fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16"); 406 if (opt_f && fat == 32) 407 bpb.rde = 0; 408 if (opt_b) { 409 if (!powerof2(opt_b)) 410 errx(1, "block size (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_b); 411 if (opt_b < bpb.bps) 412 errx(1, "block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 413 opt_b, bpb.bps); 414 if (opt_b > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) 415 errx(1, "block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 416 opt_b, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); 417 bpb.spc = opt_b / bpb.bps; 418 } 419 if (opt_c) { 420 if (!powerof2(opt_c)) 421 errx(1, "sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_c); 422 bpb.spc = opt_c; 423 } 424 if (opt_r) 425 bpb.res = opt_r; 426 if (opt_n) { 427 if (opt_n > MAXNFT) 428 errx(1, "number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 429 opt_n, MAXNFT); 430 bpb.nft = opt_n; 431 } 432 if (opt_e) 433 bpb.rde = opt_e; 434 if (mflag) { 435 if (opt_m < 0xf0) 436 errx(1, "illegal media descriptor (%#x)", opt_m); 437 bpb.mid = opt_m; 438 } 439 if (opt_a) 440 bpb.bspf = opt_a; 441 if (opt_i) 442 bpb.infs = opt_i; 443 if (opt_k) 444 bpb.bkbs = opt_k; 445 bss = 1; 446 bname = NULL; 447 fd1 = -1; 448 if (opt_B) { 449 bname = opt_B; 450 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 451 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 452 if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) 453 err(1, NULL); 454 } 455 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) 456 err(1, "%s", bname); 457 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || 458 sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) 459 errx(1, "%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 460 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; 461 } 462 if (!bpb.nft) 463 bpb.nft = 2; 464 if (!fat) { 465 if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 466 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 467 ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * 468 bpb.nft + 469 howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, 470 bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 471 (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 472 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) 473 fat = 12; 474 else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < 475 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 476 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + 477 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 478 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 479 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) 480 fat = 16; 481 else 482 fat = 32; 483 } 484 x = bss; 485 if (fat == 32) { 486 if (!bpb.infs) { 487 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) 488 errx(1, "no room for info sector"); 489 bpb.infs = x; 490 } 491 if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) 492 x = bpb.infs + 1; 493 if (!bpb.bkbs) { 494 if (x == MAXU16) 495 errx(1, "no room for backup sector"); 496 bpb.bkbs = x; 497 } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) 498 errx(1, "backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 499 if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) 500 x = bpb.bkbs + 1; 501 } 502 if (!bpb.res) 503 bpb.res = fat == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x; 504 else if (bpb.res < x) 505 errx(1, "too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, bpb.res); 506 if (fat != 32 && !bpb.rde) 507 bpb.rde = DEFRDE; 508 rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); 509 if (!bpb.spc) 510 for (bpb.spc = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); 511 bpb.spc < MAXSPC && 512 bpb.res + 513 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN), 514 bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + 515 rds + 516 (u_int64_t)(maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; 517 bpb.spc <<= 1); 518 if (fat != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) 519 errx(1, "too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 520 x1 = bpb.res + rds; 521 x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; 522 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) 523 errx(1, "meta data exceeds file system size"); 524 x1 += x * bpb.nft; 525 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / 526 (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + fat / BPN * bpb.nft); 527 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN), 528 bpb.bps * NPB); 529 if (!bpb.bspf) { 530 bpb.bspf = x2; 531 x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; 532 } 533 cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; 534 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (fat / BPN) - RESFTE; 535 if (cls > x) 536 cls = x; 537 if (bpb.bspf < x2) 538 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 539 cls); 540 if (cls < mincls(fat)) 541 errx(1, "%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat, 542 mincls(fat)); 543 if (cls > maxcls(fat)) { 544 cls = maxcls(fat); 545 bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; 546 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 547 bpb.bsec); 548 } 549 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 550 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc, 551 cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat, 552 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); 553 if (!bpb.mid) 554 bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 555 if (fat == 32) 556 bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; 557 if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { 558 bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; 559 bpb.bsec = 0; 560 } 561 if (fat != 32) { 562 bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; 563 bpb.bspf = 0; 564 } 565 ch = 0; 566 if (fat == 12) 567 ch = 1; /* 001 Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT */ 568 else if (fat == 16) { 569 if (bpb.bsec == 0) 570 ch = 4; /* 004 Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT <32M */ 571 else 572 ch = 6; /* 006 Primary 'big' DOS, 16-bit FAT (> 32MB) */ 573 /* 574 * XXX: what about: 575 * 014 DOS (16-bit FAT) - LBA 576 * ? 577 */ 578 } else if (fat == 32) { 579 ch = 11; /* 011 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT */ 580 /* 581 * XXX: what about: 582 * 012 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT - LBA 583 * ? 584 */ 585 } 586 if (ch != 0) 587 printf("MBR type: %d\n", ch); 588 print_bpb(&bpb); 589 if (!opt_N) { 590 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 591 now = tv.tv_sec; 592 tm = localtime(&now); 593 if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps))) 594 err(1, NULL); 595 dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; 596 signal(SIGINFO, infohandler); 597 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { 598 if (got_siginfo) { 599 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 600 fname,lsn,(dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)), 601 (lsn*100)/(dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds))); 602 got_siginfo = 0; 603 } 604 x = lsn; 605 if (opt_B && 606 fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 607 bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { 608 x -= bpb.bkbs; 609 if (!x && lseek(fd1, 0, SEEK_SET)) 610 err(1, "%s", bname); 611 } 612 if (opt_B && x < bss) { 613 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) 614 err(1, "%s", bname); 615 if (n != bpb.bps) 616 errx(1, "%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 617 } else 618 memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); 619 if (!lsn || 620 (fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { 621 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 622 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 623 mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); 624 mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); 625 mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); 626 mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); 627 mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); 628 mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); 629 mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); 630 mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); 631 mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); 632 mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); 633 mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); 634 mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); 635 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 636 if (fat == 32) { 637 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 638 mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); 639 mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); 640 mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); 641 mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); 642 mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); 643 mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); 644 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 645 } 646 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 647 mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); 648 if (Iflag) 649 x = opt_I; 650 else 651 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 652 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 653 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 654 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 655 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 656 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 657 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 658 mk4(bsx->volid, x); 659 mklabel(bsx->label, opt_L ? opt_L : "NO_NAME"); 660 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat); 661 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); 662 if (!opt_B) { 663 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 664 bs = (struct bs *)img; 665 mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); 666 mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); 667 mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); 668 setstr(bs->oem, opt_O ? opt_O : "NetBSD", 669 sizeof(bs->oem)); 670 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 671 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 672 } 673 } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && 674 (lsn == bpb.infs || 675 (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 676 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { 677 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 678 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 679 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 680 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, bpb.rdcl); 681 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 682 } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && 683 !((lsn - bpb.res) % 684 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { 685 mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); 686 for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++) 687 mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 688 } else if (lsn == dir && opt_L) { 689 de = (struct de *)img; 690 mklabel(de->namext, opt_L); 691 mk1(de->attr, 050); 692 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 693 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 694 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 695 mk2(de->time, x); 696 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 697 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 698 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 699 mk2(de->date, x); 700 } 701 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) 702 err(1, "%s", fname); 703 if (n != bpb.bps) 704 errx(1, "%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 705 } 706 } 707 return 0; 708 } 709 710 /* 711 * Exit with error if file system is mounted. 712 */ 713 static void 714 check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) 715 { 716 struct statvfs *mp; 717 const char *s1, *s2; 718 size_t len; 719 int n, r; 720 721 if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) 722 err(1, "getmntinfo"); 723 len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); 724 s1 = fname; 725 if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) 726 s1 += len; 727 r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; 728 for (; n--; mp++) { 729 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 730 if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) 731 s2 += len; 732 if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || 733 !strcmp(s1, s2)) 734 errx(1, "%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); 735 } 736 } 737 738 /* 739 * Get a standard format. 740 */ 741 static void 742 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 743 { 744 u_int x, i; 745 746 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); 747 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 748 if (i == x) 749 errx(1, "%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 750 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 751 } 752 753 /* 754 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 755 */ 756 static void 757 getbpbinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int oflag, 758 struct bpb *bpb) 759 { 760 struct disk_geom geo; 761 struct dkwedge_info dkw; 762 const char *s1, *s2; 763 int part; 764 int maxpartitions; 765 766 part = -1; 767 s1 = fname; 768 if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/'))) 769 s1 = s2 + 1; 770 for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++); 771 if (!*s2 || s2 == s1) 772 s2 = NULL; 773 else 774 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2)); 775 s1 = s2; 776 777 maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); 778 779 if (s2 && *s2 >= 'a' && *s2 <= 'a' + maxpartitions - 1) { 780 part = *s2++ - 'a'; 781 } 782 if (((part != -1) && ((!oflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) || 783 !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds) { 784 if (getdiskinfo(fname, fd, NULL, &geo, &dkw) == -1) 785 errx(1, "Can't read disk label for `%s'", fname); 786 if (!bpb->bps) 787 bpb->bps = ckgeom(fname, geo.dg_secsize, "bytes/sector"); 788 789 if (geo.dg_nsectors > 63) { 790 /* 791 * The kernel doesn't accept BPB with spt > 63. 792 * (see sys/fs/msdosfs/msdosfs_vfsops.c:msdosfs_mountfs()) 793 * If values taken from disklabel don't match these 794 * restrictions, use popular BIOS default values instead. 795 */ 796 geo.dg_nsectors = 63; 797 } 798 if (!bpb->spt) 799 bpb->spt = ckgeom(fname, geo.dg_nsectors, "sectors/track"); 800 if (!bpb->hds) 801 bpb->hds = ckgeom(fname, geo.dg_ntracks, "drive heads"); 802 if (!bpb->bsec) 803 bpb->bsec = geo.dg_secperunit; 804 } 805 } 806 807 /* 808 * Print out BPB values. 809 */ 810 static void 811 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 812 { 813 printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, 814 bpb->nft); 815 if (bpb->rde) 816 printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); 817 if (bpb->sec) 818 printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); 819 printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid); 820 if (bpb->spf) 821 printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); 822 printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); 823 if (bpb->bsec) 824 printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); 825 if (!bpb->spf) { 826 printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); 827 printf(" infs="); 828 printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs); 829 printf(" bkbs="); 830 printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); 831 } 832 printf("\n"); 833 } 834 835 /* 836 * Check a disk geometry value. 837 */ 838 static u_int 839 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 840 { 841 if (!val) 842 errx(1, "%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 843 if (val > MAXU16) 844 errx(1, "%s: illegal %s", fname, msg); 845 return val; 846 } 847 848 /* 849 * Convert and check a numeric option argument. 850 */ 851 static u_int 852 argtou(const char *arg, u_int lo, u_int hi, const char *msg) 853 { 854 char *s; 855 u_long x; 856 857 errno = 0; 858 x = strtoul(arg, &s, 0); 859 if (errno || !*arg || *s || x < lo || x > hi) 860 errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg); 861 return x; 862 } 863 864 /* 865 * Check a volume label. 866 */ 867 static int 868 oklabel(const char *src) 869 { 870 int c, i; 871 872 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 873 c = (u_char)*src++; 874 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 875 break; 876 } 877 return i && !c; 878 } 879 880 /* 881 * Make a volume label. 882 */ 883 static void 884 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 885 { 886 int c, i; 887 888 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 889 c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' '; 890 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 891 } 892 } 893 894 /* 895 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 896 */ 897 static void 898 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 899 { 900 while (len--) 901 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 902 } 903 904 /* 905 * Print usage message. 906 */ 907 static void 908 usage(void) 909 { 910 fprintf(stderr, 911 "usage: %s [ -options ] special [disktype]\n", getprogname()); 912 fprintf(stderr, "where the options are:\n"); 913 fprintf(stderr, "\t-N don't create file system: " 914 "just print out parameters\n"); 915 fprintf(stderr, "\t-B get bootstrap from file\n"); 916 fprintf(stderr, "\t-F FAT type (12, 16, or 32)\n"); 917 fprintf(stderr, "\t-I volume ID\n"); 918 fprintf(stderr, "\t-L volume label\n"); 919 fprintf(stderr, "\t-O OEM string\n"); 920 fprintf(stderr, "\t-S bytes/sector\n"); 921 fprintf(stderr, "\t-a sectors/FAT\n"); 922 fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n"); 923 fprintf(stderr, "\t-c sectors/cluster\n"); 924 fprintf(stderr, "\t-e root directory entries\n"); 925 fprintf(stderr, "\t-f standard format\n"); 926 fprintf(stderr, "\t-h drive heads\n"); 927 fprintf(stderr, "\t-i file system info sector\n"); 928 fprintf(stderr, "\t-k backup boot sector\n"); 929 fprintf(stderr, "\t-m media descriptor\n"); 930 fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of FATs\n"); 931 fprintf(stderr, "\t-o hidden sectors\n"); 932 fprintf(stderr, "\t-r reserved sectors\n"); 933 fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n"); 934 fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n"); 935 exit(1); 936 } 937 938 void 939 infohandler(int sig) 940 { 941 got_siginfo = 1; 942 } 943
Indexes created Tue Oct 21 15:09:54 GMT 2025