ping.c revision 1.107
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.107 2013/10/19 01:08:25 christos Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20 * without specific prior written permission. 21 * 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32 * SUCH DAMAGE. 33 */ 34 35 /* 36 * P I N G . C 37 * 38 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 39 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 40 * 41 * Author - 42 * Mike Muuss 43 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 44 * December, 1983 45 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 46 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 47 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 48 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 49 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 50 * 51 * Status - 52 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 53 * 54 * Bugs - 55 * More statistics could always be gathered. 56 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 57 */ 58 59 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 60 #ifndef lint 61 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.107 2013/10/19 01:08:25 christos Exp $"); 62 #endif 63 64 #include <stdio.h> 65 #include <stddef.h> 66 #include <errno.h> 67 #include <signal.h> 68 #include <sys/time.h> 69 #include <sys/types.h> 70 #include <sys/param.h> 71 #include <sys/socket.h> 72 #include <sys/file.h> 73 #include <termios.h> 74 #include <stdlib.h> 75 #include <unistd.h> 76 #include <poll.h> 77 #include <limits.h> 78 #include <math.h> 79 #include <string.h> 80 #include <err.h> 81 82 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 83 #include <netinet/in.h> 84 #include <netinet/ip.h> 85 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 86 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 87 #include <arpa/inet.h> 88 #include <ctype.h> 89 #include <netdb.h> 90 91 #ifdef IPSEC 92 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h> 93 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 94 95 #include "prog_ops.h" 96 97 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 98 #define MAXPACKET (IP_MAXPACKET-60-8) /* max packet size */ 99 100 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 101 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 102 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 103 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 104 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 105 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 106 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 107 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 108 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 109 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 110 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 111 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 112 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 113 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 114 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 115 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x8000 /* audible output */ 116 #define F_TIMING64 0x10000 /* 64 bit time, nanoseconds */ 117 #ifdef IPSEC 118 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 119 #define F_POLICY 0x20000 120 #else 121 #define F_AUTHHDR 0x20000 122 #define F_ENCRYPT 0x40000 123 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 124 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 125 126 127 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 128 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 129 * for duplicates. 130 */ 131 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 132 static u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 133 static int nrepeats = 0; 134 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 135 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 136 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 137 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 138 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 139 140 struct tv32 { 141 int32_t tv32_sec; 142 int32_t tv32_usec; 143 }; 144 145 146 static u_char *packet; 147 static int packlen; 148 static int pingflags = 0, options; 149 static int pongflags = 0; 150 static char *fill_pat; 151 152 static int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 153 static int sloop; /* Socket file descriptor/loopback */ 154 155 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct tv32) /* size of timestamp header */ 156 #define PHDR64_LEN sizeof(struct timespec) /* size of timestamp header */ 157 static struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 158 static struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 159 static struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 160 static int datalen; /* How much data */ 161 static int phdrlen; 162 163 #ifndef __NetBSD__ 164 static char *progname; 165 #define getprogname() (progname) 166 #define setprogname(name) ((void)(progname = (name))) 167 #endif 168 169 static char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 170 171 static struct { 172 struct ip o_ip; 173 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 174 union { 175 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET+offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data)]; 176 struct icmp u_icmp; 177 } o_u; 178 } out_pack; 179 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 180 static struct ip *opack_ip; 181 182 static char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 183 static int optlen; 184 185 static int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 186 static int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 187 static int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 188 static int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 189 190 static int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 191 192 static double interval; /* interval between packets */ 193 static struct timespec interval_tv; 194 static double tmin = 999999999.0; 195 static double tmax = 0.0; 196 static double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 197 static double tsumsq = 0.0; 198 static double maxwait = 0.0; 199 200 static int bufspace = IP_MAXPACKET; 201 202 static struct timespec now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 203 static struct timespec last_rx, first_rx; 204 static int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 205 206 static struct timespec jiggle_time; 207 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 208 209 __dead static void doit(void); 210 static void prefinish(int); 211 static void prtsig(int); 212 __dead static void finish(int); 213 static void summary(int); 214 static void pinger(void); 215 static void fill(void); 216 static void rnd_fill(void); 217 static double diffsec(struct timespec *, struct timespec *); 218 #if 0 219 static void timespecadd(struct timespec *, struct timespec *); 220 #endif 221 static void sec_to_timespec(const double, struct timespec *); 222 static double timespec_to_sec(const struct timespec *); 223 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 224 static u_int16_t in_cksum(u_int16_t *, u_int); 225 static void pr_saddr(u_char *); 226 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 227 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 228 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 229 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 230 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 231 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 232 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 233 __dead static void usage(void); 234 235 int 236 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 237 { 238 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 239 long l; 240 int len = -1, compat = 0; 241 u_char ttl = 0; 242 u_long tos = 0; 243 char *p; 244 #ifdef IPSEC 245 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 246 char *policy_in = NULL; 247 char *policy_out = NULL; 248 #endif 249 #endif 250 #ifdef SIGINFO 251 struct sigaction sa; 252 #endif 253 254 if (prog_init && prog_init() == -1) 255 err(1, "init failed"); 256 257 if ((s = prog_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 258 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 259 if ((sloop = prog_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 260 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 261 262 /* 263 * sloop is never read on. This prevents packets from 264 * queueing in its recv buffer. 265 */ 266 if (prog_shutdown(sloop, SHUT_RD) == -1) 267 warn("Cannot shutdown for read"); 268 269 if (prog_setuid(prog_getuid()) == -1) 270 err(1, "setuid"); 271 272 setprogname(argv[0]); 273 274 #ifndef IPSEC 275 #define IPSECOPT 276 #else 277 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 278 #define IPSECOPT "E:" 279 #else 280 #define IPSECOPT "AE" 281 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 282 #endif 283 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 284 "ac:CdDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:" IPSECOPT)) != -1) { 285 #undef IPSECOPT 286 switch (c) { 287 case 'a': 288 pingflags |= F_AUDIBLE; 289 break; 290 case 'C': 291 compat = 1; 292 break; 293 case 'c': 294 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 295 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 296 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 297 break; 298 case 'D': 299 pingflags |= F_DF; 300 break; 301 case 'd': 302 options |= SO_DEBUG; 303 break; 304 case 'f': 305 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 306 break; 307 case 'h': 308 hostind = optind-1; 309 break; 310 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 311 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 312 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 313 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 314 break; 315 case 'l': 316 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 317 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 318 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 319 optarg); 320 break; 321 case 'n': 322 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 323 break; 324 case 'o': 325 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 326 break; 327 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 328 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 329 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 330 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 331 fill_pat = optarg; 332 break; 333 case 'P': 334 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 335 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 336 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 337 break; 338 case 'q': 339 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 340 break; 341 case 'Q': 342 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 343 break; 344 case 'r': 345 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 346 break; 347 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 348 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 349 if (*p != '\0' || l < 0) 350 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 351 if (l > MAXPACKET) 352 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 353 len = (int)l; 354 break; 355 case 'v': 356 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 357 break; 358 case 'R': 359 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 360 break; 361 case 'L': 362 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 363 break; 364 case 't': 365 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 366 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 367 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 368 break; 369 case 'T': 370 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 371 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 372 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 373 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 374 break; 375 case 'I': 376 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 377 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 378 break; 379 case 'g': 380 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 381 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 382 break; 383 case 'w': 384 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 385 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 386 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 387 break; 388 #ifdef IPSEC 389 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 390 case 'E': 391 pingflags |= F_POLICY; 392 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) { 393 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 394 if (!policy_in) 395 err(1, "strdup"); 396 } else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) { 397 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 398 if (!policy_out) 399 err(1, "strdup"); 400 } else 401 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 402 break; 403 #else 404 case 'A': 405 pingflags |= F_AUTHHDR; 406 break; 407 case 'E': 408 pingflags |= F_ENCRYPT; 409 break; 410 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 411 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 412 default: 413 usage(); 414 break; 415 } 416 } 417 418 if (interval == 0) 419 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 420 #ifndef sgi 421 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && prog_getuid()) 422 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 423 if (interval < 1.0 && prog_getuid()) 424 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 425 if (preload > 0 && prog_getuid()) 426 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 427 #endif 428 sec_to_timespec(interval, &interval_tv); 429 430 if ((pingflags & (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) == (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) 431 warnx("Sorry, no audible output for flood pings"); 432 433 if (npackets != 0) { 434 npackets += preload; 435 } else { 436 npackets = INT_MAX; 437 } 438 439 if (hostind == 0) { 440 if (optind != argc-1) 441 usage(); 442 else 443 hostind = optind; 444 } 445 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 446 usage(); 447 448 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 449 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 450 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 451 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 452 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 453 454 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 455 loc_addr.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 456 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127 << 24) + 1); 457 458 if (len != -1) 459 datalen = len; 460 else 461 datalen = 64; 462 if (!compat && datalen >= (int)PHDR64_LEN) { /* can we time them? */ 463 pingflags |= F_TIMING64; 464 phdrlen = PHDR64_LEN; 465 } else if (datalen >= (int)PHDR_LEN) { /* can we time them? */ 466 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 467 phdrlen = PHDR_LEN; 468 } else 469 phdrlen = 0; 470 471 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 472 datalen -= phdrlen; 473 if ((packet = malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 474 err(1, "Out of memory"); 475 476 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 477 fill(); 478 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 479 rnd_fill(); 480 } else { 481 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) 482 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 483 } 484 485 ident = arc4random() & 0xFFFF; 486 487 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 488 if (prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 489 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 490 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 491 } 492 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 493 if (prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 494 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 495 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 496 } 497 498 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 499 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 500 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 501 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 502 } 503 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 504 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 505 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 506 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 507 } 508 509 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 510 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 511 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 512 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 513 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 514 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 515 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 516 } 517 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 518 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 519 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 520 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 521 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 522 } 523 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 524 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 525 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 526 - optlen); 527 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 528 529 if (prog_setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 530 (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 531 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 532 533 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 534 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 535 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 536 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 537 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 538 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 539 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 540 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 541 542 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 543 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 544 u_char loop = 0; 545 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, 546 IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 547 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 548 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 549 } 550 551 if (ttl != 0 552 && prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 553 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 554 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 555 556 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 557 && prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 558 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 559 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 560 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 561 562 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 563 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 564 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 565 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 566 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 567 } 568 #ifdef IPSEC 569 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 570 { 571 char *buf; 572 if (pingflags & F_POLICY) { 573 if (policy_in != NULL) { 574 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 575 if (buf == NULL) 576 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 577 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 578 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 579 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 580 } 581 free(buf); 582 } 583 if (policy_out != NULL) { 584 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 585 if (buf == NULL) 586 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 587 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 588 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 589 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 590 } 591 free(buf); 592 } 593 } 594 buf = ipsec_set_policy("out bypass", strlen("out bypass")); 595 if (buf == NULL) 596 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 597 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 598 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 599 #if 0 600 warnx("ipsec is not configured"); 601 #else 602 /* ignore it, should be okay */ 603 #endif 604 } 605 free(buf); 606 } 607 #else 608 { 609 int optval; 610 if (pingflags & F_AUTHHDR) { 611 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 612 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 613 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 614 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 615 #else 616 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 617 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 618 #endif 619 } 620 if (pingflags & F_ENCRYPT) { 621 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 622 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 623 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 624 } 625 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_BYPASS; 626 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 627 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 628 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 629 #else 630 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 631 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 632 #endif 633 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 634 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 635 } 636 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 637 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 638 639 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 640 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen + phdrlen); 641 642 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 643 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 644 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 645 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 646 */ 647 while (0 > prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 648 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 649 if ((bufspace -= 4096) <= 0) 650 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 651 } 652 653 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 654 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 655 */ 656 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 657 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 658 659 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 660 661 #ifdef SIGINFO 662 sa.sa_handler = prtsig; 663 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOKERNINFO; 664 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); 665 (void)sigaction(SIGINFO, &sa, NULL); 666 #else 667 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 668 #endif 669 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 670 671 /* fire off them quickies */ 672 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 673 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 674 pinger(); 675 } 676 677 doit(); 678 return 0; 679 } 680 681 682 static void 683 doit(void) 684 { 685 int cc; 686 struct sockaddr_in from; 687 socklen_t fromlen; 688 double sec, last, d_last; 689 struct pollfd fdmaskp[1]; 690 691 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clear_cache); 692 if (maxwait != 0) { 693 last = timespec_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 694 d_last = 0; 695 } else { 696 last = 0; 697 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 698 } 699 700 do { 701 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 702 703 if (last != 0) 704 d_last = last - timespec_to_sec(&now); 705 706 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 707 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 708 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 709 if (sec <= 0.0001 || 710 (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 711 pinger(); 712 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 713 } 714 if (sec < 0.0) 715 sec = 0.0; 716 if (d_last < sec) 717 sec = d_last; 718 719 } else { 720 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 721 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 722 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 723 */ 724 sec = MAX(2 * tmax, 10 * interval) - 725 diffsec(&now, &last_tx); 726 if (d_last < sec) 727 sec = d_last; 728 if (sec <= 0) 729 break; 730 } 731 732 fdmaskp[0].fd = s; 733 fdmaskp[0].events = POLLIN; 734 cc = prog_poll(fdmaskp, 1, (int)(sec * 1000)); 735 if (cc <= 0) { 736 if (cc < 0) { 737 if (errno == EINTR) 738 continue; 739 jiggle_flush(1); 740 err(1, "poll"); 741 } 742 continue; 743 } 744 745 fromlen = sizeof(from); 746 cc = prog_recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 747 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 748 &fromlen); 749 if (cc < 0) { 750 if (errno != EINTR) { 751 jiggle_flush(1); 752 warn("recvfrom"); 753 (void)fflush(stderr); 754 } 755 continue; 756 } 757 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 758 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 759 760 } while (nreceived < npackets 761 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 762 763 finish(0); 764 } 765 766 767 static void 768 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 769 { 770 int serrno = errno; 771 772 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 773 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 774 jiggle_direction = 1; 775 do { 776 (void)putchar('.'); 777 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 778 779 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 780 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 781 jiggle_direction = -1; 782 do { 783 (void)putchar('\b'); 784 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 785 } 786 787 if (nl) { 788 if (total_jiggled != 0) 789 (void)putchar('\n'); 790 total_jiggled = 0; 791 jiggle_direction = -1; 792 } 793 794 (void)fflush(stdout); 795 (void)fflush(stderr); 796 jiggle_time = now; 797 errno = serrno; 798 } 799 800 801 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 802 */ 803 static void 804 jiggle(int delta) 805 { 806 double dt; 807 808 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 809 return; 810 811 /* do not back up into messages */ 812 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 813 return; 814 815 jiggle_cnt += delta; 816 817 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 818 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 819 */ 820 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 821 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 822 jiggle_flush(0); 823 } 824 825 826 /* 827 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 828 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 829 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first phdrlen bytes 830 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 831 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time, or a UNIX "timespec" in native 832 * format. 833 */ 834 static void 835 pinger(void) 836 { 837 struct tv32 tv32; 838 int i, cc, sw; 839 840 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 841 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_int16_t)(ntransmitted)); 842 843 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 844 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 845 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 846 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 847 * black holes come and go. 848 */ 849 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 850 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 851 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 852 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 853 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&opack_icmp, 854 phdrlen); 855 sw = 0; 856 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 857 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 858 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 859 if (prog_sendto(sloop, (char *) &opack_icmp, 860 ICMP_MINLEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 861 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 862 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 863 /* 864 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 865 * mode because people get confused when they see 866 * this error when they are running in single user 867 * mode and they have not configured lo0 868 */ 869 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 870 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 871 } 872 sw = 1; 873 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 874 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 875 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 876 877 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clear_cache); 878 } 879 880 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 881 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 882 883 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 884 tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_sec); 885 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_nsec / 1000); 886 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &tv32, sizeof(tv32)); 887 } else if (pingflags & F_TIMING64) 888 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 889 890 cc = MAX(datalen, ICMP_MINLEN) + phdrlen; 891 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 892 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&opack_icmp, cc); 893 894 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 895 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 896 i = prog_sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 897 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 898 if (i != cc) { 899 jiggle_flush(1); 900 if (i < 0) 901 warn("sendto"); 902 else 903 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 904 (void)fflush(stderr); 905 } 906 lastrcvd = 0; 907 908 CLR(ntransmitted); 909 ntransmitted++; 910 911 last_tx = now; 912 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 913 first_tx = now; 914 next_tx = now; 915 } 916 917 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 918 * second when going at one packet per second. 919 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 920 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 921 */ 922 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 923 do { 924 timespecadd(&next_tx, &interval_tv, &next_tx); 925 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 926 } 927 928 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 929 jiggle(1); 930 931 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 932 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 933 */ 934 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 935 rnd_fill(); 936 } 937 938 939 static void 940 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 941 char *addr, 942 int seqno, 943 int dupflag, 944 int ttl, 945 double triptime) 946 { 947 jiggle_flush(1); 948 949 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 950 return; 951 952 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 953 if (dupflag) 954 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 955 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 956 if (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64)) { 957 const unsigned int prec = (pingflags & F_TIMING64) != 0 ? 6 : 3; 958 959 (void)printf(" time=%.*f ms", prec, triptime*1000.0); 960 } 961 962 /* 963 * Send beep to stderr, since that's more likely than stdout 964 * to go to a terminal.. 965 */ 966 if (pingflags & F_AUDIBLE && !dupflag) 967 (void)fprintf(stderr,"\a"); 968 } 969 970 971 /* 972 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 973 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 974 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 975 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 976 */ 977 static void 978 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 979 int tot_len, 980 struct sockaddr_in *from) 981 { 982 struct ip *ip; 983 struct icmp *icp; 984 int i, j, net_len; 985 u_char *cp; 986 static int old_rrlen; 987 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 988 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 989 double triptime = 0.0; 990 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 991 dumped = 1; \ 992 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 993 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq), \ 994 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 995 996 /* Check the IP header */ 997 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 998 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 999 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 1000 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1001 jiggle_flush(1); 1002 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 1003 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 1004 } 1005 return; 1006 } 1007 1008 /* Now the ICMP part */ 1009 dumped = 0; 1010 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 1011 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 1012 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 1013 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 1014 1015 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_int16_t)(ntransmitted-1))) 1016 lastrcvd = 1; 1017 last_rx = now; 1018 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 1019 first_rx = last_rx; 1020 nreceived++; 1021 if (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64)) { 1022 struct timespec tv; 1023 1024 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 1025 struct tv32 tv32; 1026 1027 (void)memcpy(&tv32, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv32)); 1028 tv.tv_sec = (uint32_t)ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec); 1029 tv.tv_nsec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec) * 1000; 1030 } else if (pingflags & F_TIMING64) 1031 (void)memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 1032 else 1033 memset(&tv, 0, sizeof(tv)); /* XXX: gcc */ 1034 1035 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 1036 tsum += triptime; 1037 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 1038 if (triptime < tmin) 1039 tmin = triptime; 1040 if (triptime > tmax) 1041 tmax = triptime; 1042 } 1043 1044 if (TST(ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq))) { 1045 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 1046 dupflag=1; 1047 } else { 1048 SET(ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq)); 1049 } 1050 1051 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 1052 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1053 switch (opack_ip->ip_len - tot_len) { 1054 case MAX_IPOPTLEN: 1055 if ((pongflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) != 0) 1056 break; 1057 if ((pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) == 0) 1058 goto out; 1059 pongflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 1060 (void)printf("\nremote host does not " 1061 "support record route"); 1062 break; 1063 case 8: 1064 if ((pongflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) != 0) 1065 break; 1066 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) == 0) 1067 goto out; 1068 pongflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 1069 (void)printf("\nremote host does not " 1070 "support source route"); 1071 break; 1072 default: 1073 out: 1074 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d " 1075 "instead of %d", tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 1076 break; 1077 } 1078 } 1079 1080 if (!dupflag) { 1081 static u_int16_t last_seqno = 0xffff; 1082 u_int16_t seqno = ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq); 1083 u_int16_t gap = seqno - (last_seqno + 1); 1084 if (gap > 0 && gap < 0x8000 && 1085 (pingflags & F_VERBOSE)) { 1086 (void)printf("[*** sequence gap of %u " 1087 "packets from %u ... %u ***]\n", gap, 1088 (u_int16_t) (last_seqno + 1), 1089 (u_int16_t) (seqno - 1)); 1090 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1091 summary(0); 1092 } 1093 1094 if (gap < 0x8000) 1095 last_seqno = seqno; 1096 } 1097 1098 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1099 return; 1100 1101 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 1102 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1103 1104 /* check the data */ 1105 if ((size_t)(tot_len - hlen) > 1106 offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data) + datalen 1107 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 1108 && memcmp(icp->icmp_data + phdrlen, 1109 opack_icmp.icmp_data + phdrlen, 1110 datalen - phdrlen)) { 1111 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1112 if (icp->icmp_data[i] != 1113 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i]) 1114 break; 1115 } 1116 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1117 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 1118 " %#x but was %#x", i, 1119 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 1120 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1121 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1122 if ((i % 16) == 0) 1123 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1124 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1125 } 1126 } 1127 1128 } else { 1129 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 1130 return; 1131 dumped = 2; 1132 } 1133 1134 /* Display any IP options */ 1135 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1136 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1137 switch (*cp) { 1138 case IPOPT_EOL: 1139 hlen = 0; 1140 break; 1141 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1142 hlen -= 2; 1143 j = *++cp; 1144 ++cp; 1145 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1146 if (j <= 0) 1147 continue; 1148 if (dumped <= 1) { 1149 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 1150 hlen -= j; 1151 cp += j; 1152 break; 1153 } 1154 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1155 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 1156 for (;;) { 1157 pr_saddr(cp); 1158 cp += 4; 1159 hlen -= 4; 1160 j -= 4; 1161 if (j <= 0) 1162 break; 1163 (void)putchar('\n'); 1164 } 1165 break; 1166 case IPOPT_RR: 1167 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 1168 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 1169 hlen -= 2; 1170 if (i > j) 1171 i = j; 1172 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1173 if (i <= 0) 1174 continue; 1175 if (dumped <= 1) { 1176 if (i == old_rrlen 1177 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 1178 if (dumped) 1179 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1180 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 1181 hlen -= j; 1182 cp += j; 1183 break; 1184 } 1185 old_rrlen = i; 1186 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 1187 } 1188 if (!dumped) { 1189 jiggle_flush(1); 1190 (void)printf("RR: "); 1191 dumped = 1; 1192 } else { 1193 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1194 } 1195 for (;;) { 1196 pr_saddr(cp); 1197 cp += 4; 1198 hlen -= 4; 1199 i -= 4; 1200 if (i <= 0) 1201 break; 1202 (void)putchar('\n'); 1203 } 1204 break; 1205 case IPOPT_NOP: 1206 if (dumped <= 1) 1207 break; 1208 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1209 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1210 break; 1211 #ifdef sgi 1212 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 1213 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 1214 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 1215 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 1216 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 1217 hlen -= i - 1; 1218 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1219 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 1220 while (i--) { 1221 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 1222 } 1223 cp--; 1224 break; 1225 } 1226 #endif 1227 default: 1228 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1229 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 1230 break; 1231 } 1232 hlen--; 1233 cp++; 1234 } 1235 1236 if (dumped) { 1237 (void)putchar('\n'); 1238 (void)fflush(stdout); 1239 } else { 1240 jiggle(-1); 1241 } 1242 } 1243 1244 1245 /* Compute the IP checksum 1246 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1247 */ 1248 static u_int16_t 1249 in_cksum(u_int16_t *p, u_int len) 1250 { 1251 u_int32_t sum = 0; 1252 int nwords = len >> 1; 1253 1254 while (nwords-- != 0) 1255 sum += *p++; 1256 1257 if (len & 1) { 1258 union { 1259 u_int16_t w; 1260 u_int8_t c[2]; 1261 } u; 1262 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1263 u.c[1] = 0; 1264 sum += u.w; 1265 } 1266 1267 /* end-around-carry */ 1268 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1269 sum += (sum >> 16); 1270 return (~sum); 1271 } 1272 1273 1274 /* 1275 * compute the difference of two timespecs in seconds 1276 */ 1277 static double 1278 diffsec(struct timespec *timenow, 1279 struct timespec *then) 1280 { 1281 if (timenow->tv_sec == 0) 1282 return -1; 1283 return (timenow->tv_sec - then->tv_sec) 1284 * 1.0 + (timenow->tv_nsec - then->tv_nsec) / 1000000000.0; 1285 } 1286 1287 1288 #if 0 1289 static void 1290 timespecadd(struct timespec *t1, 1291 struct timespec *t2) 1292 { 1293 1294 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1295 if ((t1->tv_nsec += t2->tv_nsec) >= 1000000000) { 1296 t1->tv_sec++; 1297 t1->tv_nsec -= 1000000000; 1298 } 1299 } 1300 #endif 1301 1302 1303 static void 1304 sec_to_timespec(const double sec, struct timespec *tp) 1305 { 1306 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1307 tp->tv_nsec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000000.0; 1308 } 1309 1310 1311 static double 1312 timespec_to_sec(const struct timespec *tp) 1313 { 1314 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_nsec / 1000000000.0; 1315 } 1316 1317 1318 /* 1319 * Print statistics. 1320 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1321 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1322 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1323 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1324 */ 1325 static void 1326 summary(int header) 1327 { 1328 jiggle_flush(1); 1329 1330 if (header) 1331 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1332 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1333 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1334 if (nrepeats) 1335 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1336 if (ntransmitted) { 1337 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1338 (void)printf("-- somebody's duplicating packets!"); 1339 else 1340 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1341 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1342 ntransmitted)); 1343 } 1344 (void)printf("\n"); 1345 if (nreceived && (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64))) { 1346 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1347 double avg = (tsum / n); 1348 double variance = 0.0; 1349 const unsigned int prec = (pingflags & F_TIMING64) != 0 ? 6 : 3; 1350 if (n>1) 1351 variance = (tsumsq - n*avg*avg) /(n-1); 1352 1353 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1354 "%.*f/%.*f/%.*f/%.*f ms\n", 1355 prec, tmin * 1000.0, 1356 prec, avg * 1000.0, 1357 prec, tmax * 1000.0, 1358 prec, sqrt(variance) * 1000.0); 1359 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1360 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1361 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1362 if (r == 0) 1363 r = 0.0001; 1364 if (t == 0) 1365 t = 0.0001; 1366 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1367 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1368 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1369 } 1370 } 1371 } 1372 1373 1374 /* 1375 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1376 */ 1377 /* ARGSUSED */ 1378 static void 1379 prtsig(int dummy) 1380 { 1381 1382 summary(0); 1383 #ifndef SIGINFO 1384 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1385 #endif 1386 } 1387 1388 1389 /* 1390 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1391 */ 1392 static void 1393 prefinish(int dummy) 1394 { 1395 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1396 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1397 finish(0); 1398 1399 (void)signal(dummy, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1400 1401 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1402 npackets = ntransmitted; 1403 } 1404 1405 /* 1406 * Print statistics and give up. 1407 */ 1408 /* ARGSUSED */ 1409 static void 1410 finish(int dummy) 1411 { 1412 #ifdef SIGINFO 1413 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_DFL); 1414 #else 1415 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1416 #endif 1417 1418 summary(1); 1419 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1420 } 1421 1422 1423 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1424 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1425 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1426 int cc, 1427 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1428 { 1429 int hlen; 1430 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1431 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1432 int res; 1433 1434 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1435 res = 1; 1436 jiggle_flush(1); 1437 } else { 1438 res = 0; 1439 } 1440 1441 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1442 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1443 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1444 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1445 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1446 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1447 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1448 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1449 * of our packets. 1450 */ 1451 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1452 1453 if (!res && override 1454 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1455 jiggle_flush(1); 1456 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1457 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1458 res = 1; 1459 } 1460 } 1461 } 1462 1463 return res; 1464 } 1465 1466 1467 /* 1468 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1469 */ 1470 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1471 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1472 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1473 int cc) 1474 { 1475 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1476 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1477 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1478 return 0; 1479 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1480 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1481 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1482 break; 1483 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1484 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1485 break; 1486 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1487 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1488 break; 1489 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1490 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1491 break; 1492 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1493 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1494 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1495 break; 1496 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1497 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1498 break; 1499 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1500 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1501 break; 1502 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1503 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1504 break; 1505 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1506 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1507 break; 1508 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1509 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1510 break; 1511 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1512 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1513 break; 1514 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1515 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1516 break; 1517 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1518 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1519 break; 1520 case 13: 1521 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1522 break; 1523 case 14: 1524 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1525 break; 1526 case 15: 1527 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1528 break; 1529 default: 1530 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1531 icp->icmp_code); 1532 break; 1533 } 1534 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1535 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1536 break; 1537 1538 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1539 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1540 return 0; 1541 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1542 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1543 break; 1544 1545 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1546 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1547 return 0; 1548 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1549 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1550 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1551 break; 1552 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1553 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1554 break; 1555 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1556 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1557 break; 1558 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1559 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1560 break; 1561 default: 1562 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1563 break; 1564 } 1565 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1566 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1567 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1568 break; 1569 1570 case ICMP_ECHO: 1571 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1572 return 0; 1573 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1574 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1575 break; 1576 1577 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1578 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1579 #if 0 1580 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1581 return 0; 1582 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1583 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1584 break; 1585 #else 1586 return 0; 1587 #endif 1588 1589 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1590 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1591 return 0; 1592 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1593 break; 1594 1595 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1596 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1597 return 0; 1598 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1599 break; 1600 1601 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1602 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1603 return 0; 1604 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1605 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1606 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1607 break; 1608 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1609 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1610 break; 1611 default: 1612 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1613 icp->icmp_code); 1614 break; 1615 } 1616 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1617 break; 1618 1619 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1620 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1621 return 0; 1622 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1623 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1624 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1625 break; 1626 1627 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1628 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1629 return 0; 1630 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1631 break; 1632 1633 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1634 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1635 return 0; 1636 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1637 break; 1638 1639 case ICMP_IREQ: 1640 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1641 return 0; 1642 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1643 break; 1644 1645 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1646 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1647 return 0; 1648 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1649 break; 1650 1651 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1652 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1653 return 0; 1654 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1655 break; 1656 1657 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1658 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1659 return 0; 1660 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1661 break; 1662 1663 default: 1664 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1665 return 0; 1666 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1667 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1668 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1669 } 1670 1671 return 1; 1672 } 1673 1674 1675 /* 1676 * Print an IP header with options. 1677 */ 1678 static void 1679 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1680 int cc) 1681 { 1682 int hlen; 1683 u_char *cp; 1684 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1685 1686 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1687 1688 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1689 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1690 1691 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1692 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1693 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1694 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1695 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1696 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1697 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1698 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1699 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1700 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1701 /* dump any option bytes */ 1702 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1703 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1704 } 1705 } 1706 1707 /* 1708 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1709 */ 1710 static void 1711 pr_saddr(u_char *cp) 1712 { 1713 n_long l; 1714 struct in_addr addr; 1715 1716 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1717 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1718 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1719 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1720 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1721 (void)printf("\t%s", (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1722 } 1723 1724 1725 /* 1726 * Return an ASCII host address 1727 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1728 */ 1729 static char * 1730 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1731 { 1732 struct hostent *hp; 1733 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1734 1735 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1736 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1737 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1738 } else { 1739 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1740 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1741 } 1742 1743 return buf; 1744 } 1745 1746 /* 1747 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1748 */ 1749 static void 1750 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1751 int cc) 1752 { 1753 int hlen; 1754 u_char *cp; 1755 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1756 1757 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1758 1759 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1760 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1761 1762 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1763 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1764 1765 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1766 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1767 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1768 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1769 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1770 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1771 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1772 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1773 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1774 struct icmp icp2; 1775 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1776 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1777 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1778 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1779 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_id), 1780 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1781 else 1782 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1783 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1784 } 1785 } 1786 } 1787 1788 static void 1789 fill(void) 1790 { 1791 int i, j, k; 1792 char *cp; 1793 int pat[16]; 1794 1795 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1796 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 1797 break; 1798 } 1799 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1800 (void)fflush(stdout); 1801 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1802 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1803 fill_pat); 1804 } 1805 1806 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1807 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1808 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1809 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1810 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1811 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1812 1813 for (k = phdrlen, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1814 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1815 if (++j >= i) 1816 j = 0; 1817 } 1818 1819 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1820 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1821 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1822 (void)printf("%02x", 1823 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[phdrlen + j]); 1824 (void)printf("\n"); 1825 } 1826 1827 } 1828 1829 1830 static void 1831 rnd_fill(void) 1832 { 1833 static u_int32_t rnd; 1834 int i; 1835 1836 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1837 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1838 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1839 } 1840 } 1841 1842 1843 static void 1844 gethost(const char *arg, 1845 const char *name, 1846 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1847 char *realname, 1848 int realname_len) 1849 { 1850 struct hostent *hp; 1851 1852 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1853 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1854 sa->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 1855 1856 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1857 * have something nice to display. 1858 */ 1859 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1860 if (realname) { 1861 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1862 hp = 0; 1863 else 1864 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1865 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1866 AF_INET); 1867 (void)strlcpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1868 realname_len); 1869 } 1870 return; 1871 } 1872 1873 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1874 if (!hp) 1875 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1876 1877 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1878 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1879 1880 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1881 1882 if (realname) 1883 (void)strlcpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1884 } 1885 1886 1887 static void 1888 usage(void) 1889 { 1890 #ifdef IPSEC 1891 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 1892 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-E policy] " 1893 #else 1894 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-AE] " 1895 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 1896 #else 1897 #define IPSECOPT "" 1898 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 1899 1900 (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: \n" 1901 "%s [-aCDdfLnoPQqRrv] [-c count] [-g gateway] [-h host]" 1902 " [-I addr] [-i interval]\n" 1903 " [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s size] [-T ttl] [-t tos]" 1904 " [-w maxwait] " IPSECOPT "host\n", 1905 getprogname()); 1906 exit(1); 1907 } 1908
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025