ping.c revision 1.108
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.108 2014/11/27 19:43:58 christos Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20 * without specific prior written permission. 21 * 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32 * SUCH DAMAGE. 33 */ 34 35 /* 36 * P I N G . C 37 * 38 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 39 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 40 * 41 * Author - 42 * Mike Muuss 43 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 44 * December, 1983 45 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 46 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 47 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 48 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 49 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 50 * 51 * Status - 52 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 53 * 54 * Bugs - 55 * More statistics could always be gathered. 56 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 57 */ 58 59 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 60 #ifndef lint 61 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.108 2014/11/27 19:43:58 christos Exp $"); 62 #endif 63 64 #include <stdio.h> 65 #include <stddef.h> 66 #include <errno.h> 67 #include <signal.h> 68 #include <sys/time.h> 69 #include <sys/types.h> 70 #include <sys/param.h> 71 #include <sys/socket.h> 72 #include <sys/file.h> 73 #include <termios.h> 74 #include <stdlib.h> 75 #include <unistd.h> 76 #include <poll.h> 77 #include <limits.h> 78 #include <math.h> 79 #include <string.h> 80 #include <err.h> 81 82 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 83 #include <netinet/in.h> 84 #include <netinet/ip.h> 85 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 86 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 87 #include <arpa/inet.h> 88 #include <ctype.h> 89 #include <netdb.h> 90 91 #ifdef IPSEC 92 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h> 93 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 94 95 #include "prog_ops.h" 96 97 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 98 #define MAXPACKET (IP_MAXPACKET-60-8) /* max packet size */ 99 100 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 101 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 102 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 103 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 104 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 105 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 106 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 107 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 108 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 109 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 110 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 111 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 112 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 113 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 114 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 115 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x8000 /* audible output */ 116 #define F_TIMING64 0x10000 /* 64 bit time, nanoseconds */ 117 #ifdef IPSEC 118 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 119 #define F_POLICY 0x20000 120 #else 121 #define F_AUTHHDR 0x20000 122 #define F_ENCRYPT 0x40000 123 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 124 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 125 126 127 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 128 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 129 * for duplicates. 130 */ 131 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 132 static u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 133 static int nrepeats = 0; 134 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 135 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 136 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 137 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 138 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 139 140 struct tv32 { 141 int32_t tv32_sec; 142 int32_t tv32_usec; 143 }; 144 145 146 static u_char *packet; 147 static int packlen; 148 static int pingflags = 0, options; 149 static int pongflags = 0; 150 static char *fill_pat; 151 152 static int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 153 static int sloop; /* Socket file descriptor/loopback */ 154 155 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct tv32) /* size of timestamp header */ 156 #define PHDR64_LEN sizeof(struct timespec) /* size of timestamp header */ 157 static struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 158 static struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 159 static struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 160 static int datalen; /* How much data */ 161 static int phdrlen; 162 163 #ifndef __NetBSD__ 164 static char *progname; 165 #define getprogname() (progname) 166 #define setprogname(name) ((void)(progname = (name))) 167 #endif 168 169 static char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 170 171 static struct { 172 struct ip o_ip; 173 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 174 union { 175 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET+offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data)]; 176 struct icmp u_icmp; 177 } o_u; 178 } out_pack; 179 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 180 static struct ip *opack_ip; 181 182 static char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 183 static int optlen; 184 185 static int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 186 static int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 187 static int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 188 static int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 189 190 static int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 191 192 static double interval; /* interval between packets */ 193 static struct timespec interval_tv; 194 static double tmin = 999999999.0; 195 static double tmax = 0.0; 196 static double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 197 static double tsumsq = 0.0; 198 static double maxwait = 0.0; 199 200 static int bufspace = IP_MAXPACKET; 201 202 static struct timespec now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 203 static struct timespec last_rx, first_rx; 204 static int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 205 206 static struct timespec jiggle_time; 207 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 208 209 __dead static void doit(void); 210 static void prefinish(int); 211 static void prtsig(int); 212 __dead static void finish(int); 213 static void summary(int); 214 static void pinger(void); 215 static void fill(void); 216 static void rnd_fill(void); 217 static double diffsec(struct timespec *, struct timespec *); 218 #if 0 219 static void timespecadd(struct timespec *, struct timespec *); 220 #endif 221 static void sec_to_timespec(const double, struct timespec *); 222 static double timespec_to_sec(const struct timespec *); 223 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 224 static u_int16_t in_cksum(u_int16_t *, u_int); 225 static void pr_saddr(u_char *); 226 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 227 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 228 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 229 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 230 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 231 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 232 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 233 __dead static void usage(void); 234 235 int 236 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 237 { 238 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 239 long l; 240 int len = -1, compat = 0; 241 u_char ttl = 0; 242 u_long tos = 0; 243 char *p; 244 #ifdef IPSEC 245 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 246 char *policy_in = NULL; 247 char *policy_out = NULL; 248 #endif 249 #endif 250 #ifdef SIGINFO 251 struct sigaction sa; 252 #endif 253 254 if (prog_init && prog_init() == -1) 255 err(1, "init failed"); 256 257 if ((s = prog_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 258 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 259 if ((sloop = prog_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 260 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 261 262 /* 263 * sloop is never read on. This prevents packets from 264 * queueing in its recv buffer. 265 */ 266 if (prog_shutdown(sloop, SHUT_RD) == -1) 267 warn("Cannot shutdown for read"); 268 269 if (prog_setuid(prog_getuid()) == -1) 270 err(1, "setuid"); 271 272 setprogname(argv[0]); 273 274 #ifndef IPSEC 275 #define IPSECOPT 276 #else 277 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 278 #define IPSECOPT "E:" 279 #else 280 #define IPSECOPT "AE" 281 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 282 #endif 283 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 284 "ac:CdDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:" IPSECOPT)) != -1) { 285 #undef IPSECOPT 286 switch (c) { 287 case 'a': 288 pingflags |= F_AUDIBLE; 289 break; 290 case 'C': 291 compat = 1; 292 break; 293 case 'c': 294 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 295 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 296 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 297 break; 298 case 'D': 299 pingflags |= F_DF; 300 break; 301 case 'd': 302 options |= SO_DEBUG; 303 break; 304 case 'f': 305 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 306 break; 307 case 'h': 308 hostind = optind-1; 309 break; 310 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 311 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 312 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 313 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 314 break; 315 case 'l': 316 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 317 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 318 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 319 optarg); 320 break; 321 case 'n': 322 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 323 break; 324 case 'o': 325 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 326 break; 327 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 328 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 329 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 330 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 331 fill_pat = optarg; 332 break; 333 case 'P': 334 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 335 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 336 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 337 break; 338 case 'q': 339 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 340 break; 341 case 'Q': 342 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 343 break; 344 case 'r': 345 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 346 break; 347 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 348 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 349 if (*p != '\0' || l < 0) 350 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 351 if (l > MAXPACKET) 352 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 353 len = (int)l; 354 break; 355 case 'v': 356 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 357 break; 358 case 'R': 359 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 360 break; 361 case 'L': 362 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 363 break; 364 case 't': 365 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 366 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 367 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 368 break; 369 case 'T': 370 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 371 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 372 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 373 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 374 break; 375 case 'I': 376 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 377 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 378 break; 379 case 'g': 380 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 381 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 382 break; 383 case 'w': 384 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 385 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 386 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 387 break; 388 #ifdef IPSEC 389 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 390 case 'E': 391 pingflags |= F_POLICY; 392 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) { 393 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 394 if (!policy_in) 395 err(1, "strdup"); 396 } else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) { 397 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 398 if (!policy_out) 399 err(1, "strdup"); 400 } else 401 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 402 break; 403 #else 404 case 'A': 405 pingflags |= F_AUTHHDR; 406 break; 407 case 'E': 408 pingflags |= F_ENCRYPT; 409 break; 410 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 411 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 412 default: 413 usage(); 414 break; 415 } 416 } 417 418 if (interval == 0) 419 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 420 #ifndef sgi 421 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && prog_getuid()) 422 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 423 if (interval < 1.0 && prog_getuid()) 424 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 425 if (preload > 0 && prog_getuid()) 426 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 427 #endif 428 sec_to_timespec(interval, &interval_tv); 429 430 if ((pingflags & (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) == (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) 431 warnx("Sorry, no audible output for flood pings"); 432 433 if (npackets != 0) { 434 npackets += preload; 435 } else { 436 npackets = INT_MAX; 437 } 438 439 if (hostind == 0) { 440 if (optind != argc-1) 441 usage(); 442 else 443 hostind = optind; 444 } 445 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 446 usage(); 447 448 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 449 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 450 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 451 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 452 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 453 454 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 455 loc_addr.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 456 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127 << 24) + 1); 457 458 if (len != -1) 459 datalen = len; 460 else 461 datalen = 64; 462 if (!compat && datalen >= (int)PHDR64_LEN) { /* can we time them? */ 463 pingflags |= F_TIMING64; 464 phdrlen = PHDR64_LEN; 465 } else if (datalen >= (int)PHDR_LEN) { /* can we time them? */ 466 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 467 phdrlen = PHDR_LEN; 468 } else 469 phdrlen = 0; 470 471 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 472 if ((packet = malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 473 err(1, "Out of memory"); 474 475 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 476 fill(); 477 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 478 rnd_fill(); 479 } else { 480 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) 481 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 482 } 483 484 ident = arc4random() & 0xFFFF; 485 486 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 487 if (prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 488 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 489 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 490 } 491 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 492 if (prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 493 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 494 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 495 } 496 497 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 498 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 499 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 500 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 501 } 502 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 503 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 504 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 505 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 506 } 507 508 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 509 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 510 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 511 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 512 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 513 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 514 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 515 } 516 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 517 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 518 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 519 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 520 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 521 } 522 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 523 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 524 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 525 - optlen); 526 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 527 528 if (prog_setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 529 (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 530 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 531 532 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 533 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 534 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 535 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 536 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 537 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 538 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 539 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 540 541 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 542 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 543 u_char loop = 0; 544 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, 545 IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 546 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 547 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 548 } 549 550 if (ttl != 0 551 && prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 552 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 553 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 554 555 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 556 && prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 557 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 558 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 559 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 560 561 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 562 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 563 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 564 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 565 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 566 } 567 #ifdef IPSEC 568 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 569 { 570 char *buf; 571 if (pingflags & F_POLICY) { 572 if (policy_in != NULL) { 573 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 574 if (buf == NULL) 575 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 576 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 577 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 578 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 579 } 580 free(buf); 581 } 582 if (policy_out != NULL) { 583 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 584 if (buf == NULL) 585 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 586 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 587 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 588 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 589 } 590 free(buf); 591 } 592 } 593 buf = ipsec_set_policy("out bypass", strlen("out bypass")); 594 if (buf == NULL) 595 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 596 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 597 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 598 #if 0 599 warnx("ipsec is not configured"); 600 #else 601 /* ignore it, should be okay */ 602 #endif 603 } 604 free(buf); 605 } 606 #else 607 { 608 int optval; 609 if (pingflags & F_AUTHHDR) { 610 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 611 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 612 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 613 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 614 #else 615 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 616 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 617 #endif 618 } 619 if (pingflags & F_ENCRYPT) { 620 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 621 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 622 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 623 } 624 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_BYPASS; 625 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 626 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 627 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 628 #else 629 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 630 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 631 #endif 632 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 633 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 634 } 635 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 636 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 637 638 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 639 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 640 641 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 642 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 643 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 644 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 645 */ 646 while (0 > prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 647 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 648 if ((bufspace -= 4096) <= 0) 649 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 650 } 651 652 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 653 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 654 */ 655 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 656 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 657 658 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 659 660 #ifdef SIGINFO 661 sa.sa_handler = prtsig; 662 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOKERNINFO; 663 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); 664 (void)sigaction(SIGINFO, &sa, NULL); 665 #else 666 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 667 #endif 668 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 669 670 /* fire off them quickies */ 671 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 672 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 673 pinger(); 674 } 675 676 doit(); 677 return 0; 678 } 679 680 681 static void 682 doit(void) 683 { 684 int cc; 685 struct sockaddr_in from; 686 socklen_t fromlen; 687 double sec, last, d_last; 688 struct pollfd fdmaskp[1]; 689 690 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clear_cache); 691 if (maxwait != 0) { 692 last = timespec_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 693 d_last = 0; 694 } else { 695 last = 0; 696 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 697 } 698 699 do { 700 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 701 702 if (last != 0) 703 d_last = last - timespec_to_sec(&now); 704 705 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 706 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 707 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 708 if (sec <= 0.0001 || 709 (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 710 pinger(); 711 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 712 } 713 if (sec < 0.0) 714 sec = 0.0; 715 if (d_last < sec) 716 sec = d_last; 717 718 } else { 719 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 720 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 721 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 722 */ 723 sec = MAX(2 * tmax, 10 * interval) - 724 diffsec(&now, &last_tx); 725 if (d_last < sec) 726 sec = d_last; 727 if (sec <= 0) 728 break; 729 } 730 731 fdmaskp[0].fd = s; 732 fdmaskp[0].events = POLLIN; 733 cc = prog_poll(fdmaskp, 1, (int)(sec * 1000)); 734 if (cc <= 0) { 735 if (cc < 0) { 736 if (errno == EINTR) 737 continue; 738 jiggle_flush(1); 739 err(1, "poll"); 740 } 741 continue; 742 } 743 744 fromlen = sizeof(from); 745 cc = prog_recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 746 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 747 &fromlen); 748 if (cc < 0) { 749 if (errno != EINTR) { 750 jiggle_flush(1); 751 warn("recvfrom"); 752 (void)fflush(stderr); 753 } 754 continue; 755 } 756 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 757 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 758 759 } while (nreceived < npackets 760 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 761 762 finish(0); 763 } 764 765 766 static void 767 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 768 { 769 int serrno = errno; 770 771 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 772 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 773 jiggle_direction = 1; 774 do { 775 (void)putchar('.'); 776 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 777 778 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 779 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 780 jiggle_direction = -1; 781 do { 782 (void)putchar('\b'); 783 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 784 } 785 786 if (nl) { 787 if (total_jiggled != 0) 788 (void)putchar('\n'); 789 total_jiggled = 0; 790 jiggle_direction = -1; 791 } 792 793 (void)fflush(stdout); 794 (void)fflush(stderr); 795 jiggle_time = now; 796 errno = serrno; 797 } 798 799 800 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 801 */ 802 static void 803 jiggle(int delta) 804 { 805 double dt; 806 807 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 808 return; 809 810 /* do not back up into messages */ 811 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 812 return; 813 814 jiggle_cnt += delta; 815 816 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 817 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 818 */ 819 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 820 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 821 jiggle_flush(0); 822 } 823 824 825 /* 826 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 827 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 828 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first phdrlen bytes 829 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 830 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time, or a UNIX "timespec" in native 831 * format. 832 */ 833 static void 834 pinger(void) 835 { 836 struct tv32 tv32; 837 int i, cc, sw; 838 839 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 840 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_int16_t)(ntransmitted)); 841 842 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 843 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 844 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 845 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 846 * black holes come and go. 847 */ 848 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 849 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 850 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 851 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 852 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&opack_icmp, 853 phdrlen); 854 sw = 0; 855 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 856 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 857 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 858 if (prog_sendto(sloop, (char *) &opack_icmp, 859 ICMP_MINLEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 860 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 861 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 862 /* 863 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 864 * mode because people get confused when they see 865 * this error when they are running in single user 866 * mode and they have not configured lo0 867 */ 868 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 869 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 870 } 871 sw = 1; 872 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 873 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 874 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 875 876 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clear_cache); 877 } 878 879 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 880 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 881 882 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 883 tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_sec); 884 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_nsec / 1000); 885 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &tv32, sizeof(tv32)); 886 } else if (pingflags & F_TIMING64) 887 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 888 889 cc = MAX(datalen, ICMP_MINLEN) + PHDR_LEN; 890 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 891 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&opack_icmp, cc); 892 893 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 894 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 895 i = prog_sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 896 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 897 if (i != cc) { 898 jiggle_flush(1); 899 if (i < 0) 900 warn("sendto"); 901 else 902 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 903 (void)fflush(stderr); 904 } 905 lastrcvd = 0; 906 907 CLR(ntransmitted); 908 ntransmitted++; 909 910 last_tx = now; 911 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 912 first_tx = now; 913 next_tx = now; 914 } 915 916 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 917 * second when going at one packet per second. 918 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 919 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 920 */ 921 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 922 do { 923 timespecadd(&next_tx, &interval_tv, &next_tx); 924 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 925 } 926 927 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 928 jiggle(1); 929 930 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 931 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 932 */ 933 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 934 rnd_fill(); 935 } 936 937 938 static void 939 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 940 char *addr, 941 int seqno, 942 int dupflag, 943 int ttl, 944 double triptime) 945 { 946 jiggle_flush(1); 947 948 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 949 return; 950 951 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 952 if (dupflag) 953 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 954 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 955 if (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64)) { 956 const unsigned int prec = (pingflags & F_TIMING64) != 0 ? 6 : 3; 957 958 (void)printf(" time=%.*f ms", prec, triptime*1000.0); 959 } 960 961 /* 962 * Send beep to stderr, since that's more likely than stdout 963 * to go to a terminal.. 964 */ 965 if (pingflags & F_AUDIBLE && !dupflag) 966 (void)fprintf(stderr,"\a"); 967 } 968 969 970 /* 971 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 972 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 973 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 974 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 975 */ 976 static void 977 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 978 int tot_len, 979 struct sockaddr_in *from) 980 { 981 struct ip *ip; 982 struct icmp *icp; 983 int i, j, net_len; 984 u_char *cp; 985 static int old_rrlen; 986 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 987 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 988 double triptime = 0.0; 989 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 990 dumped = 1; \ 991 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 992 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq), \ 993 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 994 995 /* Check the IP header */ 996 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 997 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 998 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 999 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1000 jiggle_flush(1); 1001 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 1002 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 1003 } 1004 return; 1005 } 1006 1007 /* Now the ICMP part */ 1008 dumped = 0; 1009 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 1010 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 1011 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 1012 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 1013 1014 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_int16_t)(ntransmitted-1))) 1015 lastrcvd = 1; 1016 last_rx = now; 1017 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 1018 first_rx = last_rx; 1019 nreceived++; 1020 if (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64)) { 1021 struct timespec tv; 1022 1023 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 1024 struct tv32 tv32; 1025 1026 (void)memcpy(&tv32, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv32)); 1027 tv.tv_sec = (uint32_t)ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec); 1028 tv.tv_nsec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec) * 1000; 1029 } else if (pingflags & F_TIMING64) 1030 (void)memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 1031 else 1032 memset(&tv, 0, sizeof(tv)); /* XXX: gcc */ 1033 1034 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 1035 tsum += triptime; 1036 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 1037 if (triptime < tmin) 1038 tmin = triptime; 1039 if (triptime > tmax) 1040 tmax = triptime; 1041 } 1042 1043 if (TST(ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq))) { 1044 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 1045 dupflag=1; 1046 } else { 1047 SET(ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq)); 1048 } 1049 1050 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 1051 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1052 switch (opack_ip->ip_len - tot_len) { 1053 case MAX_IPOPTLEN: 1054 if ((pongflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) != 0) 1055 break; 1056 if ((pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) == 0) 1057 goto out; 1058 pongflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 1059 (void)printf("\nremote host does not " 1060 "support record route"); 1061 break; 1062 case 8: 1063 if ((pongflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) != 0) 1064 break; 1065 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) == 0) 1066 goto out; 1067 pongflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 1068 (void)printf("\nremote host does not " 1069 "support source route"); 1070 break; 1071 default: 1072 out: 1073 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d " 1074 "instead of %d", tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 1075 break; 1076 } 1077 } 1078 1079 if (!dupflag) { 1080 static u_int16_t last_seqno = 0xffff; 1081 u_int16_t seqno = ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq); 1082 u_int16_t gap = seqno - (last_seqno + 1); 1083 if (gap > 0 && gap < 0x8000 && 1084 (pingflags & F_VERBOSE)) { 1085 (void)printf("[*** sequence gap of %u " 1086 "packets from %u ... %u ***]\n", gap, 1087 (u_int16_t) (last_seqno + 1), 1088 (u_int16_t) (seqno - 1)); 1089 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1090 summary(0); 1091 } 1092 1093 if (gap < 0x8000) 1094 last_seqno = seqno; 1095 } 1096 1097 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1098 return; 1099 1100 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 1101 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1102 1103 /* check the data */ 1104 if ((size_t)(tot_len - hlen) > 1105 offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data) + datalen 1106 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 1107 && memcmp(icp->icmp_data + phdrlen, 1108 opack_icmp.icmp_data + phdrlen, 1109 datalen - phdrlen)) { 1110 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1111 if (icp->icmp_data[i] != 1112 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i]) 1113 break; 1114 } 1115 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1116 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 1117 " %#x but was %#x", i - phdrlen, 1118 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 1119 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1120 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1121 if ((i % 16) == 0) 1122 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1123 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1124 } 1125 } 1126 1127 } else { 1128 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 1129 return; 1130 dumped = 2; 1131 } 1132 1133 /* Display any IP options */ 1134 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1135 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1136 switch (*cp) { 1137 case IPOPT_EOL: 1138 hlen = 0; 1139 break; 1140 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1141 hlen -= 2; 1142 j = *++cp; 1143 ++cp; 1144 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1145 if (j <= 0) 1146 continue; 1147 if (dumped <= 1) { 1148 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 1149 hlen -= j; 1150 cp += j; 1151 break; 1152 } 1153 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1154 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 1155 for (;;) { 1156 pr_saddr(cp); 1157 cp += 4; 1158 hlen -= 4; 1159 j -= 4; 1160 if (j <= 0) 1161 break; 1162 (void)putchar('\n'); 1163 } 1164 break; 1165 case IPOPT_RR: 1166 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 1167 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 1168 hlen -= 2; 1169 if (i > j) 1170 i = j; 1171 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1172 if (i <= 0) 1173 continue; 1174 if (dumped <= 1) { 1175 if (i == old_rrlen 1176 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 1177 if (dumped) 1178 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1179 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 1180 hlen -= j; 1181 cp += j; 1182 break; 1183 } 1184 old_rrlen = i; 1185 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 1186 } 1187 if (!dumped) { 1188 jiggle_flush(1); 1189 (void)printf("RR: "); 1190 dumped = 1; 1191 } else { 1192 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1193 } 1194 for (;;) { 1195 pr_saddr(cp); 1196 cp += 4; 1197 hlen -= 4; 1198 i -= 4; 1199 if (i <= 0) 1200 break; 1201 (void)putchar('\n'); 1202 } 1203 break; 1204 case IPOPT_NOP: 1205 if (dumped <= 1) 1206 break; 1207 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1208 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1209 break; 1210 #ifdef sgi 1211 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 1212 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 1213 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 1214 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 1215 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 1216 hlen -= i - 1; 1217 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1218 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 1219 while (i--) { 1220 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 1221 } 1222 cp--; 1223 break; 1224 } 1225 #endif 1226 default: 1227 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1228 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 1229 break; 1230 } 1231 hlen--; 1232 cp++; 1233 } 1234 1235 if (dumped) { 1236 (void)putchar('\n'); 1237 (void)fflush(stdout); 1238 } else { 1239 jiggle(-1); 1240 } 1241 } 1242 1243 1244 /* Compute the IP checksum 1245 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1246 */ 1247 static u_int16_t 1248 in_cksum(u_int16_t *p, u_int len) 1249 { 1250 u_int32_t sum = 0; 1251 int nwords = len >> 1; 1252 1253 while (nwords-- != 0) 1254 sum += *p++; 1255 1256 if (len & 1) { 1257 union { 1258 u_int16_t w; 1259 u_int8_t c[2]; 1260 } u; 1261 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1262 u.c[1] = 0; 1263 sum += u.w; 1264 } 1265 1266 /* end-around-carry */ 1267 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1268 sum += (sum >> 16); 1269 return (~sum); 1270 } 1271 1272 1273 /* 1274 * compute the difference of two timespecs in seconds 1275 */ 1276 static double 1277 diffsec(struct timespec *timenow, 1278 struct timespec *then) 1279 { 1280 if (timenow->tv_sec == 0) 1281 return -1; 1282 return (timenow->tv_sec - then->tv_sec) 1283 * 1.0 + (timenow->tv_nsec - then->tv_nsec) / 1000000000.0; 1284 } 1285 1286 1287 #if 0 1288 static void 1289 timespecadd(struct timespec *t1, 1290 struct timespec *t2) 1291 { 1292 1293 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1294 if ((t1->tv_nsec += t2->tv_nsec) >= 1000000000) { 1295 t1->tv_sec++; 1296 t1->tv_nsec -= 1000000000; 1297 } 1298 } 1299 #endif 1300 1301 1302 static void 1303 sec_to_timespec(const double sec, struct timespec *tp) 1304 { 1305 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1306 tp->tv_nsec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000000.0; 1307 } 1308 1309 1310 static double 1311 timespec_to_sec(const struct timespec *tp) 1312 { 1313 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_nsec / 1000000000.0; 1314 } 1315 1316 1317 /* 1318 * Print statistics. 1319 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1320 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1321 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1322 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1323 */ 1324 static void 1325 summary(int header) 1326 { 1327 jiggle_flush(1); 1328 1329 if (header) 1330 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1331 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1332 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1333 if (nrepeats) 1334 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1335 if (ntransmitted) { 1336 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1337 (void)printf("-- somebody's duplicating packets!"); 1338 else 1339 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1340 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1341 ntransmitted)); 1342 } 1343 (void)printf("\n"); 1344 if (nreceived && (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64))) { 1345 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1346 double avg = (tsum / n); 1347 double variance = 0.0; 1348 const unsigned int prec = (pingflags & F_TIMING64) != 0 ? 6 : 3; 1349 if (n>1) 1350 variance = (tsumsq - n*avg*avg) /(n-1); 1351 1352 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1353 "%.*f/%.*f/%.*f/%.*f ms\n", 1354 prec, tmin * 1000.0, 1355 prec, avg * 1000.0, 1356 prec, tmax * 1000.0, 1357 prec, sqrt(variance) * 1000.0); 1358 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1359 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1360 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1361 if (r == 0) 1362 r = 0.0001; 1363 if (t == 0) 1364 t = 0.0001; 1365 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1366 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1367 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1368 } 1369 } 1370 } 1371 1372 1373 /* 1374 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1375 */ 1376 /* ARGSUSED */ 1377 static void 1378 prtsig(int dummy) 1379 { 1380 1381 summary(0); 1382 #ifndef SIGINFO 1383 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1384 #endif 1385 } 1386 1387 1388 /* 1389 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1390 */ 1391 static void 1392 prefinish(int dummy) 1393 { 1394 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1395 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1396 finish(0); 1397 1398 (void)signal(dummy, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1399 1400 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1401 npackets = ntransmitted; 1402 } 1403 1404 /* 1405 * Print statistics and give up. 1406 */ 1407 /* ARGSUSED */ 1408 static void 1409 finish(int dummy) 1410 { 1411 #ifdef SIGINFO 1412 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_DFL); 1413 #else 1414 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1415 #endif 1416 1417 summary(1); 1418 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1419 } 1420 1421 1422 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1423 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1424 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1425 int cc, 1426 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1427 { 1428 int hlen; 1429 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1430 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1431 int res; 1432 1433 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1434 res = 1; 1435 jiggle_flush(1); 1436 } else { 1437 res = 0; 1438 } 1439 1440 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1441 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1442 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1443 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1444 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1445 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1446 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1447 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1448 * of our packets. 1449 */ 1450 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1451 1452 if (!res && override 1453 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1454 jiggle_flush(1); 1455 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1456 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1457 res = 1; 1458 } 1459 } 1460 } 1461 1462 return res; 1463 } 1464 1465 1466 /* 1467 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1468 */ 1469 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1470 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1471 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1472 int cc) 1473 { 1474 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1475 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1476 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1477 return 0; 1478 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1479 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1480 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1481 break; 1482 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1483 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1484 break; 1485 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1486 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1487 break; 1488 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1489 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1490 break; 1491 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1492 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1493 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1494 break; 1495 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1496 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1497 break; 1498 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1499 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1500 break; 1501 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1502 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1503 break; 1504 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1505 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1506 break; 1507 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1508 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1509 break; 1510 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1511 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1512 break; 1513 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1514 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1515 break; 1516 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1517 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1518 break; 1519 case 13: 1520 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1521 break; 1522 case 14: 1523 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1524 break; 1525 case 15: 1526 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1527 break; 1528 default: 1529 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1530 icp->icmp_code); 1531 break; 1532 } 1533 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1534 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1535 break; 1536 1537 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1538 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1539 return 0; 1540 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1541 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1542 break; 1543 1544 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1545 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1546 return 0; 1547 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1548 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1549 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1550 break; 1551 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1552 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1553 break; 1554 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1555 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1556 break; 1557 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1558 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1559 break; 1560 default: 1561 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1562 break; 1563 } 1564 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1565 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1566 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1567 break; 1568 1569 case ICMP_ECHO: 1570 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1571 return 0; 1572 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1573 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1574 break; 1575 1576 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1577 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1578 #if 0 1579 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1580 return 0; 1581 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1582 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1583 break; 1584 #else 1585 return 0; 1586 #endif 1587 1588 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1589 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1590 return 0; 1591 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1592 break; 1593 1594 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1595 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1596 return 0; 1597 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1598 break; 1599 1600 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1601 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1602 return 0; 1603 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1604 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1605 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1606 break; 1607 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1608 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1609 break; 1610 default: 1611 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1612 icp->icmp_code); 1613 break; 1614 } 1615 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1616 break; 1617 1618 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1619 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1620 return 0; 1621 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1622 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1623 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1624 break; 1625 1626 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1627 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1628 return 0; 1629 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1630 break; 1631 1632 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1633 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1634 return 0; 1635 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1636 break; 1637 1638 case ICMP_IREQ: 1639 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1640 return 0; 1641 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1642 break; 1643 1644 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1645 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1646 return 0; 1647 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1648 break; 1649 1650 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1651 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1652 return 0; 1653 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1654 break; 1655 1656 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1657 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1658 return 0; 1659 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1660 break; 1661 1662 default: 1663 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1664 return 0; 1665 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1666 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1667 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1668 } 1669 1670 return 1; 1671 } 1672 1673 1674 /* 1675 * Print an IP header with options. 1676 */ 1677 static void 1678 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1679 int cc) 1680 { 1681 int hlen; 1682 u_char *cp; 1683 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1684 1685 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1686 1687 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1688 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1689 1690 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1691 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1692 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1693 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1694 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1695 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1696 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1697 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1698 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1699 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1700 /* dump any option bytes */ 1701 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1702 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1703 } 1704 } 1705 1706 /* 1707 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1708 */ 1709 static void 1710 pr_saddr(u_char *cp) 1711 { 1712 n_long l; 1713 struct in_addr addr; 1714 1715 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1716 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1717 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1718 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1719 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1720 (void)printf("\t%s", (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1721 } 1722 1723 1724 /* 1725 * Return an ASCII host address 1726 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1727 */ 1728 static char * 1729 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1730 { 1731 struct hostent *hp; 1732 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1733 1734 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1735 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1736 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1737 } else { 1738 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1739 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1740 } 1741 1742 return buf; 1743 } 1744 1745 /* 1746 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1747 */ 1748 static void 1749 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1750 int cc) 1751 { 1752 int hlen; 1753 u_char *cp; 1754 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1755 1756 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1757 1758 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1759 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1760 1761 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1762 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1763 1764 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1765 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1766 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1767 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1768 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1769 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1770 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1771 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1772 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1773 struct icmp icp2; 1774 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1775 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1776 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1777 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1778 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_id), 1779 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1780 else 1781 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1782 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1783 } 1784 } 1785 } 1786 1787 static void 1788 fill(void) 1789 { 1790 int i, j, k; 1791 char *cp; 1792 int pat[16]; 1793 1794 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1795 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 1796 break; 1797 } 1798 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1799 (void)fflush(stdout); 1800 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1801 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1802 fill_pat); 1803 } 1804 1805 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1806 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1807 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1808 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1809 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1810 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1811 1812 for (k = phdrlen, j = 0; k < datalen; k++) { 1813 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1814 if (++j >= i) 1815 j = 0; 1816 } 1817 1818 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1819 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1820 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1821 (void)printf("%02x", 1822 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[phdrlen + j]); 1823 (void)printf("\n"); 1824 } 1825 1826 } 1827 1828 1829 static void 1830 rnd_fill(void) 1831 { 1832 static u_int32_t rnd; 1833 int i; 1834 1835 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1836 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1837 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1838 } 1839 } 1840 1841 1842 static void 1843 gethost(const char *arg, 1844 const char *name, 1845 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1846 char *realname, 1847 int realname_len) 1848 { 1849 struct hostent *hp; 1850 1851 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1852 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1853 sa->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 1854 1855 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1856 * have something nice to display. 1857 */ 1858 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1859 if (realname) { 1860 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1861 hp = 0; 1862 else 1863 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1864 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1865 AF_INET); 1866 (void)strlcpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1867 realname_len); 1868 } 1869 return; 1870 } 1871 1872 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1873 if (!hp) 1874 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1875 1876 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1877 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1878 1879 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1880 1881 if (realname) 1882 (void)strlcpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1883 } 1884 1885 1886 static void 1887 usage(void) 1888 { 1889 #ifdef IPSEC 1890 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 1891 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-E policy] " 1892 #else 1893 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-AE] " 1894 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 1895 #else 1896 #define IPSECOPT "" 1897 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 1898 1899 (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: \n" 1900 "%s [-aCDdfLnoPQqRrv] [-c count] [-g gateway] [-h host]" 1901 " [-I addr] [-i interval]\n" 1902 " [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s size] [-T ttl] [-t tos]" 1903 " [-w maxwait] " IPSECOPT "host\n", 1904 getprogname()); 1905 exit(1); 1906 } 1907
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025