ping.c revision 1.21
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.21 1996/11/06 20:42:17 cgd Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 39 #ifndef lint 40 static char copyright[] = 41 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 42 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 43 #endif /* not lint */ 44 45 #ifndef lint 46 #if 0 47 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; 48 #else 49 static char rcsid[] = "$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.21 1996/11/06 20:42:17 cgd Exp $"; 50 #endif 51 #endif /* not lint */ 52 53 /* 54 * P I N G . C 55 * 56 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 57 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 58 * 59 * Author - 60 * Mike Muuss 61 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 62 * December, 1983 63 * 64 * Status - 65 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 66 * Bugs - 67 * More statistics could always be gathered. 68 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 69 */ 70 71 #include <sys/param.h> 72 #include <sys/queue.h> 73 #include <sys/socket.h> 74 #include <sys/file.h> 75 #include <sys/time.h> 76 77 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 78 #include <netinet/in.h> 79 #include <netinet/ip.h> 80 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 81 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 82 #include <arpa/inet.h> 83 #include <netdb.h> 84 #include <signal.h> 85 #include <unistd.h> 86 #include <stdio.h> 87 #include <ctype.h> 88 #include <err.h> 89 #include <errno.h> 90 #include <string.h> 91 #include <stdlib.h> 92 93 #define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */ 94 #define MAXIPLEN 60 95 #define MAXICMPLEN 76 96 #define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */ 97 #define MAXWAIT_DEFAULT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ 98 #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ 99 100 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 101 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 102 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 103 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 104 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 105 106 /* various options */ 107 int options; 108 #define F_FLOOD 0x001 109 #define F_INTERVAL 0x002 110 #define F_NUMERIC 0x004 111 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x008 112 #define F_QUIET 0x010 113 #define F_RROUTE 0x020 114 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x040 115 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x080 116 #define F_VERBOSE 0x100 117 #define F_SADDR 0x200 118 119 /* multicast options */ 120 int moptions; 121 #define MULTICAST_NOLOOP 0x001 122 #define MULTICAST_TTL 0x002 123 #define MULTICAST_IF 0x004 124 125 /* 126 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 127 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 128 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 129 */ 130 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 131 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 132 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 133 134 struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */ 135 struct sockaddr_in whence; /* Which interface we come from */ 136 int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 137 int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 138 u_char outpack[MAXPACKET]; 139 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 140 char DOT = '.'; 141 char *hostname; 142 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 143 144 /* counters */ 145 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 146 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 147 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 148 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 149 int interval = 1; /* interval between packets */ 150 151 /* timing */ 152 int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 153 int maxwait = MAXWAIT_DEFAULT; /* max seconds to wait for response */ 154 double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 155 double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 156 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 157 158 void fill __P((char *, char *)); 159 void catcher(), finish(), statistics(); 160 int in_cksum __P((u_short *, int)); 161 void pinger(); 162 char *pr_addr __P((u_long)); 163 void pr_icmph __P((struct icmp *)); 164 void pr_pack __P((char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *)); 165 void pr_retip __P((struct ip *)); 166 void pr_stats __P((void)); 167 void usage(); 168 169 int 170 main(argc, argv) 171 int argc; 172 char **argv; 173 { 174 extern int errno, optind; 175 extern char *optarg; 176 struct timeval timeout; 177 struct hostent *hp; 178 struct sockaddr_in *to; 179 struct protoent *proto; 180 struct in_addr ifaddr, saddr; 181 register int i; 182 int ch, fdmask, hold, packlen, preload; 183 u_char *datap, *packet; 184 char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 185 u_char ttl, loop = 1; 186 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 187 char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ 188 #endif 189 190 preload = 0; 191 datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; 192 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "I:LRS:c:dfh:i:l:np:qrs:t:vw:")) != EOF) 193 switch(ch) { 194 case 'c': 195 npackets = atoi(optarg); 196 if (npackets <= 0) 197 errx(1, "bad number of packets to transmit: %s", 198 optarg); 199 break; 200 case 'd': 201 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 202 break; 203 case 'f': 204 if (getuid()) 205 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM)); 206 options |= F_FLOOD; 207 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 208 break; 209 case 'I': 210 if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0) 211 errx(1, "bad interface address: %s", optarg); 212 moptions |= MULTICAST_IF; 213 break; 214 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 215 interval = atoi(optarg); 216 if (interval <= 0) 217 errx(1, "bad timing interval: %s", optarg); 218 options |= F_INTERVAL; 219 break; 220 case 'L': 221 moptions |= MULTICAST_NOLOOP; 222 loop = 0; 223 break; 224 case 'l': 225 preload = atoi(optarg); 226 if (preload < 0) 227 errx(1, "bad preload value: %s", optarg); 228 break; 229 case 'n': 230 options |= F_NUMERIC; 231 break; 232 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 233 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 234 fill((char *)datap, optarg); 235 break; 236 case 'q': 237 options |= F_QUIET; 238 break; 239 case 'R': 240 options |= F_RROUTE; 241 break; 242 case 'r': 243 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 244 break; 245 case 'S': 246 if (inet_aton(optarg, &saddr) == 0) { 247 if ((hp = gethostbyname(optarg)) == NULL) 248 errx(1, "bad interface address: %s", 249 optarg); 250 memcpy(&saddr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(saddr)); 251 } 252 options |= F_SADDR; 253 break; 254 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 255 datalen = atoi(optarg); 256 if (datalen <= 0) 257 errx(1, "bad packet size: %s", optarg); 258 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 259 errx(1, "packet size too large: %s", optarg); 260 break; 261 case 't': 262 ttl = atoi(optarg); 263 if (ttl <= 0) 264 errx(1, "bad ttl value: %s", optarg); 265 if (ttl > 255) 266 errx(1, "ttl value too large: %s", optarg); 267 moptions |= MULTICAST_TTL; 268 break; 269 case 'v': 270 options |= F_VERBOSE; 271 break; 272 case 'w': 273 maxwait = atoi(optarg); 274 if (maxwait <= 0) 275 errx(1, "bad maxwait value: %s", optarg); 276 break; 277 default: 278 usage(); 279 } 280 argc -= optind; 281 argv += optind; 282 283 if (argc != 1) 284 usage(); 285 target = *argv; 286 287 memset(&whereto, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 288 to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; 289 to->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 290 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 291 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) 292 hostname = target; 293 else { 294 hp = gethostbyname(target); 295 if (!hp) 296 errx(1, "unknown host: %s", target); 297 to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; 298 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length); 299 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 300 hostname = hnamebuf; 301 } 302 303 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) 304 errx(1, "-f and -i options are incompatible"); 305 306 if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */ 307 timing = 1; 308 packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; 309 if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) 310 err(1, "malloc"); 311 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 312 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i) 313 *datap++ = i; 314 315 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 316 317 if (!(proto = getprotobyname("icmp"))) 318 errx(1, "unknown protocol icmp"); 319 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto)) < 0) 320 err(1, "socket"); 321 hold = 1; 322 323 if (options & F_SADDR) { 324 memset(&whence, 0, sizeof(whence)); 325 whence.sin_len = sizeof(whence); 326 whence.sin_family = AF_INET; 327 memcpy(&whence.sin_addr.s_addr, &saddr, sizeof(saddr)); 328 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr*)&whence, sizeof(whence)) < 0) 329 err(1, "bind"); 330 } 331 332 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 333 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 334 sizeof(hold)); 335 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 336 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 337 sizeof(hold)); 338 339 /* record route option */ 340 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 341 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 342 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 343 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1; 344 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 345 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 346 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) { 347 perror("ping: record route"); 348 exit(1); 349 } 350 #else 351 errx(1, "record route not available in this implementation"); 352 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 353 } 354 355 if ((moptions & MULTICAST_NOLOOP) && 356 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, 357 sizeof(loop)) < 0) 358 err(1, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP"); 359 if ((moptions & MULTICAST_TTL) && 360 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &ttl, 361 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) 362 err(1, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL"); 363 if ((moptions & MULTICAST_IF) && 364 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr, 365 sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) 366 err(1, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 367 368 /* 369 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 370 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 371 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 372 * /etc/ethers. 373 */ 374 hold = 48 * 1024; 375 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 376 sizeof(hold)); 377 378 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) 379 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 380 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr), 381 datalen); 382 else 383 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 384 385 (void)signal(SIGINFO, statistics); 386 (void)signal(SIGINT, finish); 387 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 388 389 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 390 pinger(); 391 392 if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0) 393 catcher(); /* start things going */ 394 395 for (;;) { 396 struct sockaddr_in from; 397 register int cc; 398 int fromlen; 399 400 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 401 pinger(); 402 timeout.tv_sec = 0; 403 timeout.tv_usec = 10000; 404 fdmask = 1 << s; 405 if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)&fdmask, (fd_set *)NULL, 406 (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1) 407 continue; 408 } 409 fromlen = sizeof(from); 410 if ((cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, packlen, 0, 411 (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) { 412 if (errno == EINTR) 413 continue; 414 perror("ping: recvfrom"); 415 continue; 416 } 417 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from); 418 if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets) 419 break; 420 } 421 finish(); 422 /* NOTREACHED */ 423 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */ 424 } 425 426 /* 427 * catcher -- 428 * This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then 429 * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now. 430 * 431 * bug -- 432 * Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be 433 * launched exactly at 1-second intervals). This does not affect the 434 * quality of the delay and loss statistics. 435 */ 436 void 437 catcher() 438 { 439 int waittime; 440 441 pinger(); 442 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 443 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 444 alarm((u_int)interval); 445 else { 446 if (nreceived) { 447 waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000; 448 if (!waittime) 449 waittime = 1; 450 } else 451 waittime = maxwait; 452 (void)signal(SIGALRM, finish); 453 (void)alarm((u_int)waittime); 454 } 455 } 456 457 /* 458 * pinger -- 459 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 460 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 461 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes 462 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 463 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 464 */ 465 void 466 pinger() 467 { 468 register struct icmp *icp; 469 register int cc; 470 int i; 471 472 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 473 icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 474 icp->icmp_code = 0; 475 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 476 icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted++; 477 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 478 479 CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 480 481 if (timing) 482 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8], 483 (struct timezone *)NULL); 484 485 cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */ 486 487 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 488 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 489 490 i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto, 491 sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 492 493 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 494 if (i < 0) 495 perror("ping: sendto"); 496 (void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", 497 hostname, cc, i); 498 } 499 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 500 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 501 } 502 503 /* 504 * pr_pack -- 505 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 506 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 507 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 508 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 509 */ 510 void 511 pr_pack(buf, cc, from) 512 char *buf; 513 int cc; 514 struct sockaddr_in *from; 515 { 516 register struct icmp *icp; 517 register u_long l; 518 register int i, j; 519 register u_char *cp,*dp; 520 static int old_rrlen; 521 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 522 struct ip *ip; 523 struct timeval tv, tp; 524 char *pkttime; 525 double triptime; 526 int hlen, dupflag; 527 528 (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL); 529 530 /* Check the IP header */ 531 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 532 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 533 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 534 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 535 warnx("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc, 536 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 537 return; 538 } 539 540 /* Now the ICMP part */ 541 cc -= hlen; 542 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 543 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { 544 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 545 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 546 ++nreceived; 547 if (timing) { 548 #ifndef icmp_data 549 pkttime = (char *)&icp->icmp_ip; 550 #else 551 pkttime = (char *)icp->icmp_data; 552 #endif 553 memcpy(&tp, pkttime, sizeof (tp)); 554 timersub(&tv, &tp, &tv); 555 triptime = ((double)tv.tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 556 ((double)tv.tv_usec) / 1000.0; 557 tsum += triptime; 558 if (triptime < tmin) 559 tmin = triptime; 560 if (triptime > tmax) 561 tmax = triptime; 562 } 563 564 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 565 ++nrepeats; 566 --nreceived; 567 dupflag = 1; 568 } else { 569 SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 570 dupflag = 0; 571 } 572 573 if (options & F_QUIET) 574 return; 575 576 if (options & F_FLOOD) 577 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 578 else { 579 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 580 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 581 icp->icmp_seq); 582 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 583 if (timing) 584 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 585 if (dupflag) 586 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 587 /* check the data */ 588 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[sizeof (struct timeval)]; 589 dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof (struct timeval)]; 590 for (i = 8 + sizeof(struct timeval); i < datalen; 591 ++i, ++cp, ++dp) { 592 if (*cp != *dp) { 593 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 594 i, *dp, *cp); 595 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 596 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 597 if ((i % 32) == 8) 598 (void)printf("\n\t"); 599 (void)printf("%x ", *cp); 600 } 601 break; 602 } 603 } 604 } 605 } else { 606 /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */ 607 if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) 608 return; 609 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 610 pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 611 pr_icmph(icp); 612 } 613 614 /* Display any IP options */ 615 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 616 617 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 618 switch (*cp) { 619 case IPOPT_EOL: 620 hlen = 0; 621 break; 622 case IPOPT_LSRR: 623 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 624 hlen -= 2; 625 j = *++cp; 626 ++cp; 627 if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) 628 for (;;) { 629 l = *++cp; 630 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 631 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 632 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 633 if (l == 0) 634 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 635 else 636 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 637 hlen -= 4; 638 j -= 4; 639 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) 640 break; 641 (void)putchar('\n'); 642 } 643 break; 644 case IPOPT_RR: 645 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 646 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 647 hlen -= 2; 648 if (i > j) 649 i = j; 650 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 651 if (i <= 0) 652 continue; 653 if (i == old_rrlen 654 && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2 655 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i) 656 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 657 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 658 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; 659 hlen -= i; 660 cp += i; 661 break; 662 } 663 old_rrlen = i; 664 memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 665 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 666 for (;;) { 667 l = *++cp; 668 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 669 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 670 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 671 if (l == 0) 672 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 673 else 674 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 675 hlen -= 4; 676 i -= 4; 677 if (i <= 0) 678 break; 679 (void)putchar('\n'); 680 } 681 break; 682 case IPOPT_NOP: 683 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 684 break; 685 default: 686 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 687 break; 688 } 689 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 690 (void)putchar('\n'); 691 (void)fflush(stdout); 692 } 693 } 694 695 /* 696 * in_cksum -- 697 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 698 */ 699 int 700 in_cksum(addr, len) 701 u_short *addr; 702 int len; 703 { 704 register int nleft = len; 705 register u_short *w = addr; 706 register int sum = 0; 707 u_short answer = 0; 708 709 /* 710 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 711 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 712 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 713 */ 714 while (nleft > 1) { 715 sum += *w++; 716 nleft -= 2; 717 } 718 719 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 720 if (nleft == 1) { 721 *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ; 722 sum += answer; 723 } 724 725 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 726 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 727 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 728 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 729 return(answer); 730 } 731 732 /* 733 * pr_stats -- 734 * Print out statistics, for statistics() and finish() 735 */ 736 void 737 pr_stats() 738 { 739 register int i; 740 741 (void)fflush(stdout); 742 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 743 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 744 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 745 if (nrepeats) 746 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 747 if (ntransmitted) 748 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 749 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 750 else 751 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 752 (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 753 ntransmitted)); 754 (void)putchar('\n'); 755 if (nreceived && timing) { 756 /* Only display average to microseconds */ 757 i = 1000.0 * tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats); 758 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 759 tmin, ((double)i) / 1000.0, tmax); 760 } 761 } 762 763 /* 764 * statistics -- 765 * Print out statistics when requested by SIGINFO. 766 */ 767 void 768 statistics() 769 { 770 771 pr_stats(); 772 printf("---\n"); 773 } 774 775 /* 776 * finish -- 777 * Print out statistics, and give up. 778 */ 779 void 780 finish() 781 { 782 783 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 784 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 785 786 (void)putchar('\n'); 787 pr_stats(); 788 789 exit(nreceived ? 0 : 1); 790 } 791 792 #ifdef notdef 793 static char *ttab[] = { 794 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 795 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 796 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 797 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 798 "Echo", 799 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 800 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 801 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 802 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 803 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 804 "Info Reply" /* " */ 805 }; 806 #endif 807 808 /* 809 * pr_icmph -- 810 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 811 */ 812 void 813 pr_icmph(icp) 814 struct icmp *icp; 815 { 816 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 817 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 818 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 819 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 820 break; 821 case ICMP_UNREACH: 822 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 823 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 824 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 825 break; 826 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 827 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 828 break; 829 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 830 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 831 break; 832 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 833 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 834 break; 835 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 836 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n"); 837 break; 838 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 839 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 840 break; 841 default: 842 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 843 icp->icmp_code); 844 break; 845 } 846 /* Print returned IP header information */ 847 #ifndef icmp_data 848 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 849 #else 850 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 851 #endif 852 break; 853 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 854 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 855 #ifndef icmp_data 856 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 857 #else 858 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 859 #endif 860 break; 861 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 862 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 863 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 864 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 865 break; 866 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 867 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 868 break; 869 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 870 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 871 break; 872 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 873 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 874 break; 875 default: 876 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 877 break; 878 } 879 (void)printf("(New addr: 0x%08lx)\n", 880 (u_long)icp->icmp_gwaddr.s_addr); 881 #ifndef icmp_data 882 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 883 #else 884 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 885 #endif 886 break; 887 case ICMP_ECHO: 888 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 889 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 890 break; 891 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 892 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 893 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 894 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 895 break; 896 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 897 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 898 break; 899 default: 900 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 901 icp->icmp_code); 902 break; 903 } 904 #ifndef icmp_data 905 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 906 #else 907 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 908 #endif 909 break; 910 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 911 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 912 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 913 #ifndef icmp_data 914 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 915 #else 916 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 917 #endif 918 break; 919 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 920 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 921 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 922 break; 923 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 924 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 925 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 926 break; 927 case ICMP_IREQ: 928 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 929 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 930 break; 931 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 932 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 933 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 934 break; 935 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ 936 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 937 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 938 break; 939 #endif 940 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY 941 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 942 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 943 break; 944 #endif 945 default: 946 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 947 } 948 } 949 950 /* 951 * pr_iph -- 952 * Print an IP header with options. 953 */ 954 void 955 pr_iph(ip) 956 struct ip *ip; 957 { 958 int hlen; 959 u_char *cp; 960 961 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 962 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 963 964 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n"); 965 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 966 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 967 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 968 (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 969 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 970 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 971 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 972 /* dump and option bytes */ 973 while (hlen-- > 20) { 974 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 975 } 976 (void)putchar('\n'); 977 } 978 979 /* 980 * pr_addr -- 981 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 982 * a hostname. 983 */ 984 char * 985 pr_addr(l) 986 u_long l; 987 { 988 struct hostent *hp; 989 static char buf[80]; 990 991 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 992 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&l, 4, AF_INET))) 993 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); 994 else 995 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 996 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); 997 return(buf); 998 } 999 1000 /* 1001 * pr_retip -- 1002 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1003 */ 1004 void 1005 pr_retip(ip) 1006 struct ip *ip; 1007 { 1008 int hlen; 1009 u_char *cp; 1010 1011 pr_iph(ip); 1012 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1013 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 1014 1015 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 1016 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1017 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1018 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1019 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1020 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1021 } 1022 1023 void 1024 fill(bp, patp) 1025 char *bp, *patp; 1026 { 1027 register int ii, jj, kk; 1028 int pat[16]; 1029 char *cp; 1030 1031 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) 1032 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1033 errx(1, "patterns must be specified as hex digits"); 1034 ii = sscanf(patp, 1035 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1036 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1037 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1038 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1039 1040 if (ii > 0) 1041 for (kk = 0; 1042 kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + sizeof(struct timeval) + ii); 1043 kk += ii) 1044 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1045 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1046 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1047 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1048 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1049 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1050 (void)printf("\n"); 1051 } 1052 } 1053 1054 void 1055 usage() 1056 { 1057 (void)fprintf(stderr, 1058 "usage: ping [-dfLnqRrv] [-c count] [-I ifaddr] [ -S ifaddr ] [-i wait]\n\t[-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-t ttl] [-w maxwait] host\n"); 1059 exit(1); 1060 } 1061
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025