ping.c revision 1.32
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.32 1997/09/15 07:21:12 lukem Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 /* 39 * P I N G . C 40 * 41 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 42 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 43 * 44 * Author - 45 * Mike Muuss 46 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 47 * December, 1983 48 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 49 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 50 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 51 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 52 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 53 * 54 * Status - 55 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 56 * 57 * Bugs - 58 * More statistics could always be gathered. 59 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 60 */ 61 62 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 63 #ifndef lint 64 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.32 1997/09/15 07:21:12 lukem Exp $"); 65 #endif 66 67 #include <stdio.h> 68 #include <errno.h> 69 #include <sys/time.h> 70 #include <sys/types.h> 71 #include <sys/signal.h> 72 #include <sys/param.h> 73 #include <sys/socket.h> 74 #include <sys/file.h> 75 #include <termios.h> 76 #include <stdlib.h> 77 #include <unistd.h> 78 #include <limits.h> 79 #include <string.h> 80 #include <err.h> 81 #ifdef sgi 82 #include <bstring.h> 83 #include <getopt.h> 84 #include <sys/prctl.h> 85 #include <sys/schedctl.h> 86 #endif 87 88 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 89 #include <netinet/in.h> 90 #include <netinet/ip.h> 91 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 92 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 93 #include <arpa/inet.h> 94 #include <ctype.h> 95 #include <netdb.h> 96 97 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 98 #define MAXPACKET (65536-60-8) /* max packet size */ 99 100 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 101 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 102 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 103 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 104 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 105 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 106 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 107 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 108 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 109 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 110 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 111 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 112 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 113 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 114 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 115 116 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 117 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 118 * for duplicates. 119 */ 120 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 121 u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 122 int nrepeats = 0; 123 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 124 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 125 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 126 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 127 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 128 129 130 131 u_char *packet; 132 int packlen; 133 int pingflags = 0, options; 134 char *fill_pat; 135 136 int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 137 138 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) /* size of timestamp header */ 139 struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 140 struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 141 struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 142 int datalen = 64-PHDR_LEN; /* How much data */ 143 144 #ifdef sgi 145 static char *__progname; 146 #else 147 extern char *__progname; 148 #endif 149 150 151 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 152 153 static struct { 154 struct ip o_ip; 155 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 156 union { 157 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET]; 158 struct icmp u_icmp; 159 } o_u; 160 } out_pack; 161 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 162 struct ip *opack_ip; 163 164 char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 165 int optlen; 166 167 168 int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 169 int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 170 int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 171 int ident; 172 173 int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 174 175 double interval; /* interval between packets */ 176 struct timeval interval_tv; 177 double tmin = 999999999; 178 double tmax = 0; 179 double tsum = 0; /* sum of all times */ 180 double maxwait = 0; 181 182 #ifdef SIGINFO 183 int reset_kerninfo; 184 #endif 185 186 int bufspace = 60*1024; 187 188 struct timeval now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 189 struct timeval last_rx, first_rx; 190 int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 191 192 static struct timeval jiggle_time; 193 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 194 195 static void doit(void); 196 static void prefinish(int); 197 static void prtsig(int); 198 static void finish(int); 199 static void summary(int); 200 static void pinger(void); 201 static void fill(void); 202 static void rnd_fill(void); 203 static double diffsec(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 204 static void timevaladd(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 205 static void sec_to_timeval(const double, struct timeval *); 206 static double timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *); 207 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 208 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, u_int); 209 static void pr_saddr(char *, u_char *); 210 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 211 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 212 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 213 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 214 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 215 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 216 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 217 static void usage(void); 218 219 220 int 221 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 222 { 223 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 224 long l; 225 u_char ttl = 0; 226 u_long tos = 0; 227 char *p; 228 #ifdef SIGINFO 229 struct termios ts; 230 #endif 231 232 233 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 234 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 235 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 236 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 237 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 238 } 239 #endif 240 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 241 "c:dDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:")) != -1) { 242 switch (c) { 243 case 'c': 244 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 245 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 246 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 247 break; 248 case 'D': 249 pingflags |= F_DF; 250 break; 251 case 'd': 252 options |= SO_DEBUG; 253 break; 254 case 'f': 255 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 256 break; 257 case 'h': 258 hostind = optind-1; 259 break; 260 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 261 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 262 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 263 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 264 break; 265 case 'l': 266 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 267 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 268 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 269 optarg); 270 break; 271 case 'n': 272 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 273 break; 274 case 'o': 275 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 276 break; 277 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 278 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 279 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 280 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 281 fill_pat = optarg; 282 break; 283 case 'P': 284 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 285 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 286 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 287 break; 288 case 'q': 289 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 290 break; 291 case 'Q': 292 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 293 break; 294 case 'r': 295 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 296 break; 297 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 298 datalen = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 299 if (*p != '\0' || datalen <= 0) 300 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 301 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 302 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 303 break; 304 case 'v': 305 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 306 break; 307 case 'R': 308 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 309 break; 310 case 'L': 311 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 312 break; 313 case 't': 314 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 315 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 316 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 317 break; 318 case 'T': 319 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 320 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 321 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 322 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 323 break; 324 case 'I': 325 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 326 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 327 break; 328 case 'g': 329 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 330 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 331 break; 332 case 'w': 333 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 334 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 335 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 336 break; 337 default: 338 usage(); 339 break; 340 } 341 } 342 343 if (interval == 0) 344 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 345 #ifndef sgi 346 if (interval < 1.0 && getuid()) 347 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 348 #endif 349 sec_to_timeval(interval, &interval_tv); 350 351 if (npackets != 0) { 352 npackets += preload; 353 } else { 354 npackets = INT_MAX; 355 } 356 357 if (hostind == 0) { 358 if (optind != argc-1) 359 usage(); 360 else 361 hostind = optind; 362 } 363 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 364 usage(); 365 366 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 367 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 368 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 369 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 370 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 371 372 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 373 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127<<24)+1); 374 375 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time them? */ 376 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 377 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 378 if ((packet = (u_char *)malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 379 err(1, "Out of memory"); 380 381 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 382 fill(); 383 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 384 rnd_fill(); 385 } else { 386 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) 387 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 388 } 389 390 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 391 392 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 393 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 394 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 395 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *) &on, 396 sizeof(on)) == -1) 397 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 398 } 399 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 400 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *) &on, 401 sizeof(on)) == -1) 402 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 403 } 404 405 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 406 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 407 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 408 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 409 (void) memcpy(&whereto.sin_addr, &optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], 410 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 411 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 412 } 413 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 414 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 415 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 416 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 417 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 418 } 419 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 420 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 421 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 422 - optlen); 423 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 424 425 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 426 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 427 428 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 429 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 430 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 431 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 432 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 433 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 434 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 435 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 436 437 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 438 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 439 u_char loop = 0; 440 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 441 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 442 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 443 } 444 445 if (ttl != 0 446 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 447 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 448 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 449 450 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 451 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 452 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 453 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 454 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 455 456 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 457 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 458 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 459 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 460 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 461 } 462 463 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 464 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 465 466 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 467 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 468 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 469 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 470 */ 471 while (0 > setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 472 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 473 if ((bufspace -= 4096) == 0) 474 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 475 } 476 477 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 478 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 479 */ 480 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 481 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 482 483 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 484 #ifdef SIGINFO 485 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 486 #else 487 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 488 #endif 489 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 490 491 #ifdef sgi 492 /* run with a non-degrading priority to improve the delay values. */ 493 (void) cap_schedctl(NDPRI, 0, NDPHIMAX); 494 #endif 495 496 /* fire off them quickies */ 497 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 498 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 499 pinger(); 500 } 501 502 doit(); 503 return 0; 504 } 505 506 507 static void 508 doit(void) 509 { 510 int cc; 511 struct sockaddr_in from; 512 int fromlen; 513 double sec, last, d_last; 514 struct timeval timeout; 515 fd_set fdmask; 516 517 518 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 519 if (maxwait != 0) { 520 last = timeval_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 521 d_last = 0; 522 } else { 523 last = 0; 524 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 525 } 526 527 FD_ZERO(&fdmask); 528 do { 529 (void)gettimeofday(&now,0); 530 531 if (last != 0) 532 d_last = last - timeval_to_sec(&now); 533 534 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 535 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 536 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 537 if (sec <= 0.0001 538 || (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 539 pinger(); 540 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 541 } 542 if (sec < 0.0) 543 sec = 0.0; 544 if (d_last < sec) 545 sec = d_last; 546 547 } else { 548 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 549 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 550 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 551 */ 552 sec = MAX(2*tmax,10*interval) - diffsec(&now,&last_tx); 553 if (d_last < sec) 554 sec = d_last; 555 if (sec <= 0) 556 break; 557 } 558 559 560 sec_to_timeval(sec, &timeout); 561 562 FD_SET(s, &fdmask); 563 cc = select(s+1, &fdmask, 0, 0, &timeout); 564 if (cc <= 0) { 565 if (cc < 0) { 566 if (errno == EINTR) 567 continue; 568 jiggle_flush(1); 569 err(1, "select"); 570 } 571 continue; 572 } 573 574 fromlen = sizeof(from); 575 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 576 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 577 &fromlen); 578 if (cc < 0) { 579 if (errno != EINTR) { 580 jiggle_flush(1); 581 warn("recvfrom"); 582 (void)fflush(stderr); 583 } 584 continue; 585 } 586 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 587 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 588 589 } while (nreceived < npackets 590 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 591 592 finish(0); 593 } 594 595 596 static void 597 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 598 { 599 int serrno = errno; 600 601 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 602 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 603 jiggle_direction = 1; 604 do { 605 (void)putchar('.'); 606 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 607 608 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 609 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 610 jiggle_direction = -1; 611 do { 612 (void)putchar('\b'); 613 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 614 } 615 616 if (nl) { 617 if (total_jiggled != 0) 618 (void)putchar('\n'); 619 total_jiggled = 0; 620 jiggle_direction = -1; 621 } 622 623 (void)fflush(stdout); 624 (void)fflush(stderr); 625 jiggle_time = now; 626 errno = serrno; 627 } 628 629 630 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 631 */ 632 static void 633 jiggle(int delta) 634 { 635 double dt; 636 637 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 638 return; 639 640 /* do not back up into messages */ 641 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 642 return; 643 644 jiggle_cnt += delta; 645 646 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 647 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 648 */ 649 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 650 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 651 jiggle_flush(0); 652 } 653 654 655 /* 656 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 657 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 658 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first PHDR_LEN bytes 659 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 660 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 661 */ 662 static void 663 pinger(void) 664 { 665 int i, cc, sw; 666 667 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 668 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_short)(ntransmitted)); 669 670 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 671 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 672 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 673 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 674 * black holes come and go. 675 */ 676 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 677 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 678 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 679 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 680 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, 681 PHDR_LEN); 682 sw = 0; 683 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 684 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 685 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 686 if (sendto(s, (char *) &opack_icmp, PHDR_LEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 687 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 688 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) 689 err(1, "failed to clear cached route"); 690 sw = 1; 691 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 692 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 693 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 694 695 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 696 } 697 698 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 699 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 700 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 701 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 702 cc = datalen+PHDR_LEN; 703 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 704 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, cc); 705 706 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 707 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 708 i = sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 709 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 710 if (i != cc) { 711 jiggle_flush(1); 712 if (i < 0) 713 warn("sendto"); 714 else 715 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 716 (void)fflush(stderr); 717 } 718 lastrcvd = 0; 719 720 CLR(ntransmitted); 721 ntransmitted++; 722 723 last_tx = now; 724 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 725 first_tx = now; 726 next_tx = now; 727 } 728 729 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 730 * second when going at one packet per second. 731 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 732 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 733 */ 734 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 735 do { 736 timevaladd(&next_tx, &interval_tv); 737 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 738 } 739 740 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 741 jiggle(1); 742 743 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 744 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 745 */ 746 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 747 rnd_fill(); 748 } 749 750 751 static void 752 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 753 char *addr, 754 int seqno, 755 int dupflag, 756 int ttl, 757 double triptime) 758 { 759 jiggle_flush(1); 760 761 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 762 return; 763 764 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 765 if (dupflag) 766 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 767 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 768 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 769 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 770 } 771 772 773 /* 774 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 775 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 776 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 777 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 778 */ 779 static void 780 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 781 int cc, 782 struct sockaddr_in *from) 783 { 784 struct ip *ip; 785 struct icmp *icp; 786 int i, j; 787 u_char *cp; 788 static int old_rrlen; 789 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 790 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 791 double triptime = 0.0; 792 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 793 dumped = 1; \ 794 pr_pack_sub(cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 795 ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq), \ 796 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 797 798 /* Check the IP header */ 799 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 800 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 801 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 802 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 803 jiggle_flush(1); 804 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 805 cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 806 } 807 return; 808 } 809 810 /* Now the ICMP part */ 811 dumped = 0; 812 cc -= hlen; 813 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 814 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 815 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 816 817 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_short)(ntransmitted-1))) 818 lastrcvd = 1; 819 last_rx = now; 820 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 821 first_rx = last_rx; 822 nreceived++; 823 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 824 struct timeval tv; 825 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 826 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 827 tsum += triptime; 828 if (triptime < tmin) 829 tmin = triptime; 830 if (triptime > tmax) 831 tmax = triptime; 832 } 833 834 if (TST(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq))) { 835 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 836 dupflag=1; 837 } else { 838 SET(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq)); 839 } 840 841 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 842 return; 843 844 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 845 PR_PACK_SUB(); 846 847 /* check the data */ 848 if (datalen > PHDR_LEN 849 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 850 && memcmp(&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 851 &opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 852 datalen-PHDR_LEN)) { 853 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 854 if (icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i] 855 != opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i]) 856 break; 857 } 858 PR_PACK_SUB(); 859 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 860 " %#x but was %#x", 861 i, (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 862 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 863 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 864 if ((i%16) == PHDR_LEN) 865 (void)printf("\n\t"); 866 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 867 } 868 } 869 870 } else { 871 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, cc)) 872 return; 873 dumped = 2; 874 } 875 876 /* Display any IP options */ 877 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 878 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 879 switch (*cp) { 880 case IPOPT_EOL: 881 hlen = 0; 882 break; 883 case IPOPT_LSRR: 884 hlen -= 2; 885 j = *++cp; 886 ++cp; 887 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 888 if (j <= 0) 889 continue; 890 if (dumped <= 1) { 891 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 892 hlen -= j; 893 cp += j; 894 break; 895 } 896 PR_PACK_SUB(); 897 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 898 for (;;) { 899 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 900 cp += 4; 901 hlen -= 4; 902 j -= 4; 903 if (j <= 0) 904 break; 905 (void)putchar('\n'); 906 } 907 break; 908 case IPOPT_RR: 909 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 910 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 911 hlen -= 2; 912 if (i > j) 913 i = j; 914 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 915 if (i <= 0) 916 continue; 917 if (dumped <= 1) { 918 if (i == old_rrlen 919 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 920 if (dumped) 921 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 922 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 923 hlen -= j; 924 cp += j; 925 break; 926 } 927 old_rrlen = i; 928 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 929 } 930 if (!dumped) { 931 jiggle_flush(1); 932 (void)printf("RR: "); 933 dumped = 1; 934 } else { 935 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 936 } 937 for (;;) { 938 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 939 cp += 4; 940 hlen -= 4; 941 i -= 4; 942 if (i <= 0) 943 break; 944 (void)putchar('\n'); 945 } 946 break; 947 case IPOPT_NOP: 948 if (dumped <= 1) 949 break; 950 PR_PACK_SUB(); 951 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 952 break; 953 #ifdef sgi 954 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 955 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 956 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 957 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 958 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 959 hlen -= i - 1; 960 PR_PACK_SUB(); 961 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 962 while (i--) { 963 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 964 } 965 cp--; 966 break; 967 } 968 #endif 969 default: 970 PR_PACK_SUB(); 971 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 972 break; 973 } 974 hlen--; 975 cp++; 976 } 977 978 if (dumped) { 979 (void)putchar('\n'); 980 (void)fflush(stdout); 981 } else { 982 jiggle(-1); 983 } 984 } 985 986 987 /* Compute the IP checksum 988 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 989 */ 990 static u_short 991 in_cksum(u_short *p, 992 u_int len) 993 { 994 u_int sum = 0; 995 int nwords = len >> 1; 996 997 while (nwords-- != 0) 998 sum += *p++; 999 1000 if (len & 1) { 1001 union { 1002 u_short w; 1003 u_char c[2]; 1004 } u; 1005 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1006 u.c[1] = 0; 1007 sum += u.w; 1008 } 1009 1010 /* end-around-carry */ 1011 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1012 sum += (sum >> 16); 1013 return (~sum); 1014 } 1015 1016 1017 /* 1018 * compute the difference of two timevals in seconds 1019 */ 1020 static double 1021 diffsec(struct timeval *now, 1022 struct timeval *then) 1023 { 1024 return ((now->tv_sec - then->tv_sec)*1.0 1025 + (now->tv_usec - then->tv_usec)/1000000.0); 1026 } 1027 1028 1029 static void 1030 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, 1031 struct timeval *t2) 1032 { 1033 1034 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1035 if ((t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec) > 1000000) { 1036 t1->tv_sec++; 1037 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000; 1038 } 1039 } 1040 1041 1042 static void 1043 sec_to_timeval(const double sec, struct timeval *tp) 1044 { 1045 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1046 tp->tv_usec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000.0; 1047 } 1048 1049 static double 1050 timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *tp) 1051 { 1052 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_usec / 1000000.0; 1053 } 1054 1055 1056 /* 1057 * Print statistics. 1058 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1059 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1060 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1061 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1062 */ 1063 static void 1064 summary(int header) 1065 { 1066 jiggle_flush(1); 1067 1068 if (header) 1069 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1070 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1071 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1072 if (nrepeats) 1073 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1074 if (ntransmitted) { 1075 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1076 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1077 else 1078 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 1079 (int) (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100) / 1080 ntransmitted)); 1081 } 1082 (void)printf("\n"); 1083 if (nreceived && (pingflags & F_TIMING)) { 1084 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1085 tmin*1000.0, 1086 (tsum/(nreceived+nrepeats))*1000.0, 1087 tmax*1000.0); 1088 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1089 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1090 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1091 if (r == 0) 1092 r = 0.0001; 1093 if (t == 0) 1094 t = 0.0001; 1095 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1096 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1097 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1098 } 1099 } 1100 } 1101 1102 1103 /* 1104 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1105 */ 1106 /* ARGSUSED */ 1107 static void 1108 prtsig(int s) 1109 { 1110 summary(0); 1111 #ifdef SIGINFO 1112 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 1113 #else 1114 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1115 #endif 1116 } 1117 1118 1119 /* 1120 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1121 */ 1122 static void 1123 prefinish(int s) 1124 { 1125 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1126 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1127 finish(0); 1128 1129 signal(s, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1130 1131 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1132 npackets = ntransmitted; 1133 } 1134 1135 1136 /* 1137 * Print statistics and give up. 1138 */ 1139 /* ARGSUSED */ 1140 static void 1141 finish(int s) 1142 { 1143 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 1144 struct termios ts; 1145 1146 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 1147 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 1148 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 1149 } 1150 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 1151 #else 1152 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1153 #endif 1154 1155 summary(1); 1156 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1157 } 1158 1159 1160 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1161 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1162 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1163 int cc, 1164 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1165 { 1166 int hlen; 1167 struct ip ip; 1168 struct icmp icp2; 1169 int res; 1170 1171 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1172 res = 1; 1173 jiggle_flush(1); 1174 } else { 1175 res = 0; 1176 } 1177 1178 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1179 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1180 if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1181 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1182 (void) memcpy(&icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(icp2)); 1183 if (icp2.icmp_id == ident) { 1184 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1185 * if this ICMP message was for one of our packet. 1186 */ 1187 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1188 1189 if (!res && override 1190 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1191 jiggle_flush(1); 1192 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1193 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1194 res = 1; 1195 } 1196 } 1197 } 1198 1199 return res; 1200 } 1201 1202 1203 /* 1204 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1205 */ 1206 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1207 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1208 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1209 int cc) 1210 { 1211 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1212 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1213 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1214 return 0; 1215 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1216 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1217 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1218 break; 1219 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1220 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1221 break; 1222 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1223 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1224 break; 1225 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1226 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1227 break; 1228 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1229 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1230 icp->icmp_nextmtu); 1231 break; 1232 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1233 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1234 break; 1235 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1236 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1237 break; 1238 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1239 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1240 break; 1241 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1242 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1243 break; 1244 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1245 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1246 break; 1247 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1248 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1249 break; 1250 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1251 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1252 break; 1253 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1254 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1255 break; 1256 case 13: 1257 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1258 break; 1259 case 14: 1260 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1261 break; 1262 case 15: 1263 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1264 break; 1265 default: 1266 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1267 icp->icmp_code); 1268 break; 1269 } 1270 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1271 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1272 break; 1273 1274 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1275 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1276 return 0; 1277 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1278 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1279 break; 1280 1281 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1282 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1283 return 0; 1284 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1285 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1286 (void)printf("Redirect: Network"); 1287 break; 1288 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1289 (void)printf("Redirect: Host"); 1290 break; 1291 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1292 (void)printf("Redirect: Type of Service and Network"); 1293 break; 1294 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1295 (void)printf("Redirect: Type of Service and Host"); 1296 break; 1297 default: 1298 (void)printf("Redirect: Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1299 break; 1300 } 1301 (void)printf(" New addr: %s", 1302 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1303 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1304 break; 1305 1306 case ICMP_ECHO: 1307 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1308 return 0; 1309 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1310 icp->icmp_id, icp->icmp_seq); 1311 break; 1312 1313 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1314 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1315 #if 0 1316 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1317 return 0; 1318 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1319 icp->icmp_id, icp->icmp_seq); 1320 break; 1321 #else 1322 return 0; 1323 #endif 1324 1325 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1326 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1327 return 0; 1328 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1329 break; 1330 1331 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1332 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1333 return 0; 1334 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1335 break; 1336 1337 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1338 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1339 return 0; 1340 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1341 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1342 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1343 break; 1344 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1345 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1346 break; 1347 default: 1348 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1349 icp->icmp_code); 1350 break; 1351 } 1352 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1353 break; 1354 1355 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1356 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1357 return 0; 1358 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1359 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1360 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1361 break; 1362 1363 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1364 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1365 return 0; 1366 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1367 break; 1368 1369 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1370 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1371 return 0; 1372 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1373 break; 1374 1375 case ICMP_IREQ: 1376 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1377 return 0; 1378 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1379 break; 1380 1381 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1382 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1383 return 0; 1384 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1385 break; 1386 1387 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1388 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1389 return 0; 1390 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1391 break; 1392 1393 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1394 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1395 return 0; 1396 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1397 break; 1398 1399 default: 1400 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1401 return 0; 1402 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1403 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1404 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1405 } 1406 1407 return 1; 1408 } 1409 1410 1411 /* 1412 * Print an IP header with options. 1413 */ 1414 static void 1415 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1416 int cc) 1417 { 1418 int hlen; 1419 u_char *cp; 1420 struct ip ip; 1421 1422 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1423 1424 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1425 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1426 1427 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1428 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1429 ip.ip_v, ip.ip_hl, ip.ip_tos, ip.ip_len, ip.ip_id); 1430 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1431 ((ip.ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip.ip_off)&0x1fff); 1432 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1433 ip.ip_ttl, ip.ip_p, ip.ip_sum); 1434 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1435 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip.ip_src.s_addr)); 1436 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip.ip_dst.s_addr)); 1437 /* dump any option bytes */ 1438 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1439 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1440 } 1441 } 1442 1443 /* 1444 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1445 */ 1446 static void 1447 pr_saddr(char *pat, 1448 u_char *cp) 1449 { 1450 n_long l; 1451 struct in_addr addr; 1452 1453 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1454 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1455 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1456 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1457 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1458 (void)printf(pat, (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1459 } 1460 1461 1462 /* 1463 * Return an ASCII host address 1464 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1465 */ 1466 static char * 1467 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1468 { 1469 struct hostent *hp; 1470 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1471 1472 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1473 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1474 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1475 } else { 1476 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1477 } 1478 1479 return buf; 1480 } 1481 1482 /* 1483 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1484 */ 1485 static void 1486 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1487 int cc) 1488 { 1489 int hlen; 1490 u_char *cp; 1491 struct ip ip; 1492 1493 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1494 1495 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1496 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1497 1498 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1499 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1500 1501 if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1502 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1503 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1504 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1505 } else if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1506 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1507 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1508 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1509 } else if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1510 struct icmp icp2; 1511 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1512 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1513 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1514 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1515 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_id), 1516 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1517 else 1518 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1519 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1520 } 1521 } 1522 } 1523 1524 static void 1525 fill(void) 1526 { 1527 int i, j, k; 1528 char *cp; 1529 int pat[16]; 1530 1531 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1532 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1533 break; 1534 } 1535 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1536 (void)fflush(stdout); 1537 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1538 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1539 fill_pat); 1540 } 1541 1542 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1543 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1544 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1545 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1546 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1547 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1548 1549 for (k=PHDR_LEN, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1550 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1551 if (++j >= i) 1552 j = 0; 1553 } 1554 1555 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1556 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1557 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1558 (void)printf("%02x", 1559 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+j]); 1560 (void)printf("\n"); 1561 } 1562 1563 } 1564 1565 1566 static void 1567 rnd_fill(void) 1568 { 1569 static u_int rnd; 1570 int i; 1571 1572 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) { 1573 rnd = (314157*rnd + 66329) & 0xffff; 1574 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>8; 1575 } 1576 } 1577 1578 static void 1579 gethost(const char *arg, 1580 const char *name, 1581 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1582 char *realname, 1583 int realname_len) 1584 { 1585 struct hostent *hp; 1586 1587 memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1588 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1589 1590 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1591 * have something nice to display. 1592 */ 1593 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1594 if (realname) { 1595 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1596 hp = 0; 1597 else 1598 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1599 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1600 AF_INET); 1601 (void)strncpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1602 realname_len); 1603 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1604 } 1605 return; 1606 } 1607 1608 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1609 if (!hp) 1610 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1611 1612 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1613 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1614 1615 memmove(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1616 1617 if (realname) { 1618 (void)strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1619 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1620 } 1621 } 1622 1623 1624 static void 1625 usage(void) 1626 { 1627 (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: \n" 1628 "%s [-dDfnqrvRLP] [-c count] [-s size] [-l preload]" 1629 " [-p pattern]\n" 1630 " [-i interval] [-i maxwait] [-t tos] [-T ttl]" 1631 " [-I addr] [-g gateway] host\n", 1632 __progname); 1633 exit(1); 1634 } 1635
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025