ping.c revision 1.38
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.38 1998/09/14 12:52:47 tv Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 /* 39 * P I N G . C 40 * 41 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 42 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 43 * 44 * Author - 45 * Mike Muuss 46 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 47 * December, 1983 48 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 49 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 50 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 51 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 52 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 53 * 54 * Status - 55 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 56 * 57 * Bugs - 58 * More statistics could always be gathered. 59 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 60 */ 61 62 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 63 #ifndef lint 64 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.38 1998/09/14 12:52:47 tv Exp $"); 65 #endif 66 67 #include <stdio.h> 68 #include <errno.h> 69 #include <sys/time.h> 70 #include <sys/types.h> 71 #include <sys/signal.h> 72 #include <sys/param.h> 73 #include <sys/socket.h> 74 #include <sys/file.h> 75 #include <stdlib.h> 76 #include <unistd.h> 77 #include <limits.h> 78 #include <string.h> 79 #include <err.h> 80 #ifdef sgi 81 #include <bstring.h> 82 #include <getopt.h> 83 #include <sys/prctl.h> 84 #include <sys/schedctl.h> 85 #endif 86 87 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 88 #include <netinet/in.h> 89 #include <netinet/ip.h> 90 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 91 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 92 #include <arpa/inet.h> 93 #include <ctype.h> 94 #include <netdb.h> 95 96 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 97 #define MAXPACKET (65536-60-8) /* max packet size */ 98 99 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 100 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 101 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 102 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 103 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 104 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 105 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 106 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 107 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 108 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 109 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 110 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 111 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 112 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 113 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 114 115 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 116 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 117 * for duplicates. 118 */ 119 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 120 u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 121 int nrepeats = 0; 122 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 123 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 124 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 125 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 126 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 127 128 129 130 u_char *packet; 131 int packlen; 132 int pingflags = 0, options; 133 char *fill_pat; 134 135 int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 136 137 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) /* size of timestamp header */ 138 struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 139 struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 140 struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 141 int datalen = 64-PHDR_LEN; /* How much data */ 142 143 #ifdef sgi 144 static char *__progname; 145 #else 146 extern char *__progname; 147 #endif 148 149 150 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 151 152 static struct { 153 struct ip o_ip; 154 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 155 union { 156 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET]; 157 struct icmp u_icmp; 158 } o_u; 159 } out_pack; 160 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 161 struct ip *opack_ip; 162 163 char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 164 int optlen; 165 166 167 int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 168 int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 169 int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 170 int ident; 171 172 int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 173 174 double interval; /* interval between packets */ 175 struct timeval interval_tv; 176 double tmin = 999999999; 177 double tmax = 0; 178 double tsum = 0; /* sum of all times */ 179 double maxwait = 0; 180 181 int bufspace = 60*1024; 182 183 struct timeval now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 184 struct timeval last_rx, first_rx; 185 int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 186 187 static struct timeval jiggle_time; 188 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 189 190 static void doit(void); 191 static void prefinish(int); 192 static void prtsig(int); 193 static void finish(int); 194 static void summary(int); 195 static void pinger(void); 196 static void fill(void); 197 static void rnd_fill(void); 198 static double diffsec(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 199 static void timevaladd(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 200 static void sec_to_timeval(const double, struct timeval *); 201 static double timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *); 202 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 203 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, u_int); 204 static void pr_saddr(char *, u_char *); 205 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 206 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 207 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 208 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 209 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 210 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 211 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 212 static void usage(void); 213 214 215 int 216 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 217 { 218 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 219 long l; 220 u_char ttl = 0; 221 u_long tos = 0; 222 char *p; 223 224 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 225 "c:dDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:")) != -1) { 226 switch (c) { 227 case 'c': 228 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 229 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 230 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 231 break; 232 case 'D': 233 pingflags |= F_DF; 234 break; 235 case 'd': 236 options |= SO_DEBUG; 237 break; 238 case 'f': 239 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 240 break; 241 case 'h': 242 hostind = optind-1; 243 break; 244 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 245 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 246 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 247 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 248 break; 249 case 'l': 250 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 251 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 252 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 253 optarg); 254 break; 255 case 'n': 256 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 257 break; 258 case 'o': 259 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 260 break; 261 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 262 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 263 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 264 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 265 fill_pat = optarg; 266 break; 267 case 'P': 268 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 269 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 270 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 271 break; 272 case 'q': 273 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 274 break; 275 case 'Q': 276 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 277 break; 278 case 'r': 279 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 280 break; 281 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 282 datalen = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 283 if (*p != '\0' || datalen <= 0) 284 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 285 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 286 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 287 break; 288 case 'v': 289 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 290 break; 291 case 'R': 292 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 293 break; 294 case 'L': 295 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 296 break; 297 case 't': 298 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 299 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 300 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 301 break; 302 case 'T': 303 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 304 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 305 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 306 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 307 break; 308 case 'I': 309 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 310 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 311 break; 312 case 'g': 313 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 314 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 315 break; 316 case 'w': 317 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 318 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 319 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 320 break; 321 default: 322 usage(); 323 break; 324 } 325 } 326 327 if (interval == 0) 328 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 329 #ifndef sgi 330 if (interval < 1.0 && getuid()) 331 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 332 #endif 333 sec_to_timeval(interval, &interval_tv); 334 335 if (npackets != 0) { 336 npackets += preload; 337 } else { 338 npackets = INT_MAX; 339 } 340 341 if (hostind == 0) { 342 if (optind != argc-1) 343 usage(); 344 else 345 hostind = optind; 346 } 347 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 348 usage(); 349 350 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 351 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 352 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 353 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 354 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 355 356 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 357 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127<<24)+1); 358 359 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time them? */ 360 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 361 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 362 if ((packet = (u_char *)malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 363 err(1, "Out of memory"); 364 365 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 366 fill(); 367 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 368 rnd_fill(); 369 } else { 370 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) 371 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 372 } 373 374 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 375 376 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 377 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 378 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 379 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *) &on, 380 sizeof(on)) == -1) 381 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 382 } 383 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 384 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *) &on, 385 sizeof(on)) == -1) 386 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 387 } 388 389 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 390 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 391 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 392 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 393 (void) memcpy(&whereto.sin_addr, &optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], 394 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 395 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 396 } 397 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 398 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 399 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 400 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 401 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 402 } 403 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 404 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 405 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 406 - optlen); 407 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 408 409 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 410 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 411 412 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 413 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 414 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 415 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 416 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 417 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 418 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 419 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 420 421 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 422 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 423 u_char loop = 0; 424 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 425 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 426 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 427 } 428 429 if (ttl != 0 430 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 431 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 432 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 433 434 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 435 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 436 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 437 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 438 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 439 440 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 441 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 442 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 443 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 444 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 445 } 446 447 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 448 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 449 450 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 451 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 452 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 453 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 454 */ 455 while (0 > setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 456 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 457 if ((bufspace -= 4096) == 0) 458 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 459 } 460 461 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 462 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 463 */ 464 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 465 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 466 467 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 468 #ifdef SIGINFO 469 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 470 #else 471 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 472 #endif 473 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 474 475 #ifdef sgi 476 /* run with a non-degrading priority to improve the delay values. */ 477 (void) cap_schedctl(NDPRI, 0, NDPHIMAX); 478 #endif 479 480 /* fire off them quickies */ 481 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 482 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 483 pinger(); 484 } 485 486 doit(); 487 return 0; 488 } 489 490 491 static void 492 doit(void) 493 { 494 int cc; 495 struct sockaddr_in from; 496 int fromlen; 497 double sec, last, d_last; 498 struct timeval timeout; 499 fd_set fdmask; 500 501 502 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 503 if (maxwait != 0) { 504 last = timeval_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 505 d_last = 0; 506 } else { 507 last = 0; 508 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 509 } 510 511 FD_ZERO(&fdmask); 512 do { 513 (void)gettimeofday(&now,0); 514 515 if (last != 0) 516 d_last = last - timeval_to_sec(&now); 517 518 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 519 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 520 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 521 if (sec <= 0.0001 522 || (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 523 pinger(); 524 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 525 } 526 if (sec < 0.0) 527 sec = 0.0; 528 if (d_last < sec) 529 sec = d_last; 530 531 } else { 532 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 533 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 534 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 535 */ 536 sec = MAX(2*tmax,10*interval) - diffsec(&now,&last_tx); 537 if (d_last < sec) 538 sec = d_last; 539 if (sec <= 0) 540 break; 541 } 542 543 544 sec_to_timeval(sec, &timeout); 545 546 FD_SET(s, &fdmask); 547 cc = select(s+1, &fdmask, 0, 0, &timeout); 548 if (cc <= 0) { 549 if (cc < 0) { 550 if (errno == EINTR) 551 continue; 552 jiggle_flush(1); 553 err(1, "select"); 554 } 555 continue; 556 } 557 558 fromlen = sizeof(from); 559 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 560 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 561 &fromlen); 562 if (cc < 0) { 563 if (errno != EINTR) { 564 jiggle_flush(1); 565 warn("recvfrom"); 566 (void)fflush(stderr); 567 } 568 continue; 569 } 570 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 571 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 572 573 } while (nreceived < npackets 574 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 575 576 finish(0); 577 } 578 579 580 static void 581 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 582 { 583 int serrno = errno; 584 585 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 586 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 587 jiggle_direction = 1; 588 do { 589 (void)putchar('.'); 590 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 591 592 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 593 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 594 jiggle_direction = -1; 595 do { 596 (void)putchar('\b'); 597 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 598 } 599 600 if (nl) { 601 if (total_jiggled != 0) 602 (void)putchar('\n'); 603 total_jiggled = 0; 604 jiggle_direction = -1; 605 } 606 607 (void)fflush(stdout); 608 (void)fflush(stderr); 609 jiggle_time = now; 610 errno = serrno; 611 } 612 613 614 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 615 */ 616 static void 617 jiggle(int delta) 618 { 619 double dt; 620 621 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 622 return; 623 624 /* do not back up into messages */ 625 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 626 return; 627 628 jiggle_cnt += delta; 629 630 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 631 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 632 */ 633 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 634 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 635 jiggle_flush(0); 636 } 637 638 639 /* 640 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 641 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 642 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first PHDR_LEN bytes 643 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 644 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 645 */ 646 static void 647 pinger(void) 648 { 649 int i, cc, sw; 650 651 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 652 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_short)(ntransmitted)); 653 654 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 655 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 656 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 657 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 658 * black holes come and go. 659 */ 660 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 661 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 662 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 663 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 664 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, 665 PHDR_LEN); 666 sw = 0; 667 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 668 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 669 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 670 if (sendto(s, (char *) &opack_icmp, PHDR_LEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 671 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 672 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 673 /* 674 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 675 * mode because people get confused when they see 676 * this error when they are running in single user 677 * mode and they have not configured lo0 678 */ 679 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 680 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 681 } 682 sw = 1; 683 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 684 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 685 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 686 687 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 688 } 689 690 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 691 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 692 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 693 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 694 cc = datalen+PHDR_LEN; 695 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 696 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, cc); 697 698 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 699 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 700 i = sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 701 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 702 if (i != cc) { 703 jiggle_flush(1); 704 if (i < 0) 705 warn("sendto"); 706 else 707 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 708 (void)fflush(stderr); 709 } 710 lastrcvd = 0; 711 712 CLR(ntransmitted); 713 ntransmitted++; 714 715 last_tx = now; 716 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 717 first_tx = now; 718 next_tx = now; 719 } 720 721 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 722 * second when going at one packet per second. 723 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 724 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 725 */ 726 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 727 do { 728 timevaladd(&next_tx, &interval_tv); 729 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 730 } 731 732 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 733 jiggle(1); 734 735 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 736 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 737 */ 738 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 739 rnd_fill(); 740 } 741 742 743 static void 744 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 745 char *addr, 746 int seqno, 747 int dupflag, 748 int ttl, 749 double triptime) 750 { 751 jiggle_flush(1); 752 753 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 754 return; 755 756 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 757 if (dupflag) 758 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 759 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 760 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 761 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 762 } 763 764 765 /* 766 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 767 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 768 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 769 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 770 */ 771 static void 772 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 773 int cc, 774 struct sockaddr_in *from) 775 { 776 struct ip *ip; 777 struct icmp *icp; 778 int i, j; 779 u_char *cp; 780 static int old_rrlen; 781 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 782 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 783 double triptime = 0.0; 784 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 785 dumped = 1; \ 786 pr_pack_sub(cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 787 ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq), \ 788 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 789 790 /* Check the IP header */ 791 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 792 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 793 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 794 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 795 jiggle_flush(1); 796 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 797 cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 798 } 799 return; 800 } 801 802 /* Now the ICMP part */ 803 dumped = 0; 804 cc -= hlen; 805 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 806 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 807 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 808 809 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_short)(ntransmitted-1))) 810 lastrcvd = 1; 811 last_rx = now; 812 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 813 first_rx = last_rx; 814 nreceived++; 815 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 816 struct timeval tv; 817 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 818 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 819 tsum += triptime; 820 if (triptime < tmin) 821 tmin = triptime; 822 if (triptime > tmax) 823 tmax = triptime; 824 } 825 826 if (TST(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq))) { 827 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 828 dupflag=1; 829 } else { 830 SET(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq)); 831 } 832 833 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 834 return; 835 836 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 837 PR_PACK_SUB(); 838 839 /* check the data */ 840 if (datalen > PHDR_LEN 841 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 842 && memcmp(&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 843 &opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 844 datalen-PHDR_LEN)) { 845 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 846 if (icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i] 847 != opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i]) 848 break; 849 } 850 PR_PACK_SUB(); 851 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 852 " %#x but was %#x", 853 i, (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 854 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 855 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 856 if ((i%16) == PHDR_LEN) 857 (void)printf("\n\t"); 858 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 859 } 860 } 861 862 } else { 863 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, cc)) 864 return; 865 dumped = 2; 866 } 867 868 /* Display any IP options */ 869 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 870 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 871 switch (*cp) { 872 case IPOPT_EOL: 873 hlen = 0; 874 break; 875 case IPOPT_LSRR: 876 hlen -= 2; 877 j = *++cp; 878 ++cp; 879 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 880 if (j <= 0) 881 continue; 882 if (dumped <= 1) { 883 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 884 hlen -= j; 885 cp += j; 886 break; 887 } 888 PR_PACK_SUB(); 889 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 890 for (;;) { 891 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 892 cp += 4; 893 hlen -= 4; 894 j -= 4; 895 if (j <= 0) 896 break; 897 (void)putchar('\n'); 898 } 899 break; 900 case IPOPT_RR: 901 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 902 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 903 hlen -= 2; 904 if (i > j) 905 i = j; 906 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 907 if (i <= 0) 908 continue; 909 if (dumped <= 1) { 910 if (i == old_rrlen 911 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 912 if (dumped) 913 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 914 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 915 hlen -= j; 916 cp += j; 917 break; 918 } 919 old_rrlen = i; 920 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 921 } 922 if (!dumped) { 923 jiggle_flush(1); 924 (void)printf("RR: "); 925 dumped = 1; 926 } else { 927 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 928 } 929 for (;;) { 930 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 931 cp += 4; 932 hlen -= 4; 933 i -= 4; 934 if (i <= 0) 935 break; 936 (void)putchar('\n'); 937 } 938 break; 939 case IPOPT_NOP: 940 if (dumped <= 1) 941 break; 942 PR_PACK_SUB(); 943 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 944 break; 945 #ifdef sgi 946 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 947 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 948 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 949 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 950 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 951 hlen -= i - 1; 952 PR_PACK_SUB(); 953 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 954 while (i--) { 955 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 956 } 957 cp--; 958 break; 959 } 960 #endif 961 default: 962 PR_PACK_SUB(); 963 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 964 break; 965 } 966 hlen--; 967 cp++; 968 } 969 970 if (dumped) { 971 (void)putchar('\n'); 972 (void)fflush(stdout); 973 } else { 974 jiggle(-1); 975 } 976 } 977 978 979 /* Compute the IP checksum 980 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 981 */ 982 static u_short 983 in_cksum(u_short *p, 984 u_int len) 985 { 986 u_int sum = 0; 987 int nwords = len >> 1; 988 989 while (nwords-- != 0) 990 sum += *p++; 991 992 if (len & 1) { 993 union { 994 u_short w; 995 u_char c[2]; 996 } u; 997 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 998 u.c[1] = 0; 999 sum += u.w; 1000 } 1001 1002 /* end-around-carry */ 1003 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1004 sum += (sum >> 16); 1005 return (~sum); 1006 } 1007 1008 1009 /* 1010 * compute the difference of two timevals in seconds 1011 */ 1012 static double 1013 diffsec(struct timeval *now, 1014 struct timeval *then) 1015 { 1016 return ((now->tv_sec - then->tv_sec)*1.0 1017 + (now->tv_usec - then->tv_usec)/1000000.0); 1018 } 1019 1020 1021 static void 1022 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, 1023 struct timeval *t2) 1024 { 1025 1026 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1027 if ((t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec) > 1000000) { 1028 t1->tv_sec++; 1029 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000; 1030 } 1031 } 1032 1033 1034 static void 1035 sec_to_timeval(const double sec, struct timeval *tp) 1036 { 1037 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1038 tp->tv_usec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000.0; 1039 } 1040 1041 static double 1042 timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *tp) 1043 { 1044 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_usec / 1000000.0; 1045 } 1046 1047 1048 /* 1049 * Print statistics. 1050 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1051 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1052 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1053 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1054 */ 1055 static void 1056 summary(int header) 1057 { 1058 jiggle_flush(1); 1059 1060 if (header) 1061 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1062 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1063 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1064 if (nrepeats) 1065 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1066 if (ntransmitted) { 1067 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1068 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1069 else 1070 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 1071 (int) (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100) / 1072 ntransmitted)); 1073 } 1074 (void)printf("\n"); 1075 if (nreceived && (pingflags & F_TIMING)) { 1076 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1077 tmin*1000.0, 1078 (tsum/(nreceived+nrepeats))*1000.0, 1079 tmax*1000.0); 1080 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1081 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1082 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1083 if (r == 0) 1084 r = 0.0001; 1085 if (t == 0) 1086 t = 0.0001; 1087 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1088 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1089 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1090 } 1091 } 1092 } 1093 1094 1095 /* 1096 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1097 */ 1098 /* ARGSUSED */ 1099 static void 1100 prtsig(int s) 1101 { 1102 summary(0); 1103 #ifdef SIGINFO 1104 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 1105 #else 1106 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1107 #endif 1108 } 1109 1110 1111 /* 1112 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1113 */ 1114 static void 1115 prefinish(int s) 1116 { 1117 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1118 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1119 finish(0); 1120 1121 (void)signal(s, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1122 1123 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1124 npackets = ntransmitted; 1125 } 1126 1127 1128 /* 1129 * Print statistics and give up. 1130 */ 1131 /* ARGSUSED */ 1132 static void 1133 finish(int s) 1134 { 1135 #if defined(SIGINFO) 1136 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 1137 #else 1138 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1139 #endif 1140 1141 summary(1); 1142 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1143 } 1144 1145 1146 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1147 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1148 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1149 int cc, 1150 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1151 { 1152 int hlen; 1153 struct ip ip; 1154 struct icmp icp2; 1155 int res; 1156 1157 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1158 res = 1; 1159 jiggle_flush(1); 1160 } else { 1161 res = 0; 1162 } 1163 1164 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1165 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1166 if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1167 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1168 (void) memcpy(&icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(icp2)); 1169 if (icp2.icmp_id == ident) { 1170 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1171 * if this ICMP message was for one of our packet. 1172 */ 1173 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1174 1175 if (!res && override 1176 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1177 jiggle_flush(1); 1178 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1179 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1180 res = 1; 1181 } 1182 } 1183 } 1184 1185 return res; 1186 } 1187 1188 1189 /* 1190 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1191 */ 1192 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1193 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1194 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1195 int cc) 1196 { 1197 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1198 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1199 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1200 return 0; 1201 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1202 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1203 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1204 break; 1205 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1206 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1207 break; 1208 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1209 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1210 break; 1211 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1212 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1213 break; 1214 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1215 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1216 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1217 break; 1218 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1219 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1220 break; 1221 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1222 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1223 break; 1224 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1225 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1226 break; 1227 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1228 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1229 break; 1230 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1231 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1232 break; 1233 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1234 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1235 break; 1236 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1237 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1238 break; 1239 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1240 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1241 break; 1242 case 13: 1243 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1244 break; 1245 case 14: 1246 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1247 break; 1248 case 15: 1249 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1250 break; 1251 default: 1252 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1253 icp->icmp_code); 1254 break; 1255 } 1256 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1257 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1258 break; 1259 1260 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1261 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1262 return 0; 1263 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1264 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1265 break; 1266 1267 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1268 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1269 return 0; 1270 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1271 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1272 (void)printf("Redirect: Network"); 1273 break; 1274 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1275 (void)printf("Redirect: Host"); 1276 break; 1277 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1278 (void)printf("Redirect: Type of Service and Network"); 1279 break; 1280 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1281 (void)printf("Redirect: Type of Service and Host"); 1282 break; 1283 default: 1284 (void)printf("Redirect: Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1285 break; 1286 } 1287 (void)printf(" New addr: %s", 1288 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1289 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1290 break; 1291 1292 case ICMP_ECHO: 1293 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1294 return 0; 1295 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1296 icp->icmp_id, icp->icmp_seq); 1297 break; 1298 1299 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1300 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1301 #if 0 1302 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1303 return 0; 1304 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1305 icp->icmp_id, icp->icmp_seq); 1306 break; 1307 #else 1308 return 0; 1309 #endif 1310 1311 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1312 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1313 return 0; 1314 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1315 break; 1316 1317 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1318 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1319 return 0; 1320 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1321 break; 1322 1323 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1324 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1325 return 0; 1326 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1327 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1328 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1329 break; 1330 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1331 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1332 break; 1333 default: 1334 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1335 icp->icmp_code); 1336 break; 1337 } 1338 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1339 break; 1340 1341 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1342 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1343 return 0; 1344 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1345 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1346 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1347 break; 1348 1349 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1350 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1351 return 0; 1352 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1353 break; 1354 1355 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1356 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1357 return 0; 1358 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1359 break; 1360 1361 case ICMP_IREQ: 1362 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1363 return 0; 1364 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1365 break; 1366 1367 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1368 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1369 return 0; 1370 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1371 break; 1372 1373 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1374 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1375 return 0; 1376 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1377 break; 1378 1379 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1380 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1381 return 0; 1382 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1383 break; 1384 1385 default: 1386 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1387 return 0; 1388 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1389 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1390 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1391 } 1392 1393 return 1; 1394 } 1395 1396 1397 /* 1398 * Print an IP header with options. 1399 */ 1400 static void 1401 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1402 int cc) 1403 { 1404 int hlen; 1405 u_char *cp; 1406 struct ip ip; 1407 1408 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1409 1410 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1411 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1412 1413 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1414 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1415 ip.ip_v, ip.ip_hl, ip.ip_tos, ip.ip_len, ip.ip_id); 1416 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1417 ((ip.ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip.ip_off)&0x1fff); 1418 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1419 ip.ip_ttl, ip.ip_p, ip.ip_sum); 1420 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1421 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip.ip_src.s_addr)); 1422 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip.ip_dst.s_addr)); 1423 /* dump any option bytes */ 1424 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1425 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1426 } 1427 } 1428 1429 /* 1430 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1431 */ 1432 static void 1433 pr_saddr(char *pat, 1434 u_char *cp) 1435 { 1436 n_long l; 1437 struct in_addr addr; 1438 1439 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1440 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1441 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1442 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1443 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1444 (void)printf(pat, (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1445 } 1446 1447 1448 /* 1449 * Return an ASCII host address 1450 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1451 */ 1452 static char * 1453 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1454 { 1455 struct hostent *hp; 1456 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1457 1458 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1459 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1460 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1461 } else { 1462 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1463 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1464 } 1465 1466 return buf; 1467 } 1468 1469 /* 1470 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1471 */ 1472 static void 1473 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1474 int cc) 1475 { 1476 int hlen; 1477 u_char *cp; 1478 struct ip ip; 1479 1480 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1481 1482 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1483 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1484 1485 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1486 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1487 1488 if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1489 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1490 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1491 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1492 } else if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1493 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1494 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1495 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1496 } else if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1497 struct icmp icp2; 1498 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1499 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1500 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1501 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1502 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_id), 1503 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1504 else 1505 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1506 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1507 } 1508 } 1509 } 1510 1511 static void 1512 fill(void) 1513 { 1514 int i, j, k; 1515 char *cp; 1516 int pat[16]; 1517 1518 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1519 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1520 break; 1521 } 1522 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1523 (void)fflush(stdout); 1524 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1525 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1526 fill_pat); 1527 } 1528 1529 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1530 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1531 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1532 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1533 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1534 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1535 1536 for (k=PHDR_LEN, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1537 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1538 if (++j >= i) 1539 j = 0; 1540 } 1541 1542 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1543 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1544 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1545 (void)printf("%02x", 1546 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+j]); 1547 (void)printf("\n"); 1548 } 1549 1550 } 1551 1552 1553 static void 1554 rnd_fill(void) 1555 { 1556 static u_int rnd; 1557 int i; 1558 1559 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) { 1560 rnd = (314157*rnd + 66329) & 0xffff; 1561 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>8; 1562 } 1563 } 1564 1565 static void 1566 gethost(const char *arg, 1567 const char *name, 1568 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1569 char *realname, 1570 int realname_len) 1571 { 1572 struct hostent *hp; 1573 1574 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1575 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1576 1577 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1578 * have something nice to display. 1579 */ 1580 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1581 if (realname) { 1582 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1583 hp = 0; 1584 else 1585 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1586 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1587 AF_INET); 1588 (void)strncpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1589 realname_len); 1590 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1591 } 1592 return; 1593 } 1594 1595 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1596 if (!hp) 1597 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1598 1599 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1600 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1601 1602 (void)memmove(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1603 1604 if (realname) { 1605 (void)strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1606 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1607 } 1608 } 1609 1610 1611 static void 1612 usage(void) 1613 { 1614 (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: \n" 1615 "%s [-dDfnoqrvRLP] [-c count] [-s size] [-l preload]" 1616 " [-p pattern]\n" 1617 " [-i interval] [-i maxwait] [-t tos] [-T ttl]" 1618 " [-I addr] [-g gateway] host\n", 1619 __progname); 1620 exit(1); 1621 } 1622
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025