ping.c revision 1.41
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.41 1998/10/25 13:51:33 christos Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 39 /* 40 * P I N G . C 41 * 42 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 43 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 44 * 45 * Author - 46 * Mike Muuss 47 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 48 * December, 1983 49 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 50 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 51 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 52 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 53 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 54 * 55 * Status - 56 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 57 * 58 * Bugs - 59 * More statistics could always be gathered. 60 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 61 */ 62 63 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 64 #ifndef lint 65 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.41 1998/10/25 13:51:33 christos Exp $"); 66 #endif 67 68 #include <stdio.h> 69 #include <errno.h> 70 #include <sys/time.h> 71 #include <sys/types.h> 72 #include <sys/signal.h> 73 #include <sys/param.h> 74 #include <sys/socket.h> 75 #include <sys/file.h> 76 #include <termios.h> 77 #include <stdlib.h> 78 #include <unistd.h> 79 #include <limits.h> 80 #include <string.h> 81 #include <err.h> 82 #ifdef sgi 83 #include <bstring.h> 84 #include <getopt.h> 85 #include <sys/prctl.h> 86 #ifndef PRE_KUDZU 87 #include <cap_net.h> 88 #else 89 #define cap_socket socket 90 #endif 91 #else 92 #define cap_socket socket 93 #include <err.h> 94 #endif 95 96 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 97 #include <netinet/in.h> 98 #include <netinet/ip.h> 99 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 100 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 101 #include <arpa/inet.h> 102 #include <ctype.h> 103 #include <netdb.h> 104 105 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 106 #define MAXPACKET (65536-60-8) /* max packet size */ 107 108 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 109 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 110 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 111 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 112 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 113 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 114 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 115 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 116 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 117 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 118 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 119 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 120 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 121 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 122 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 123 124 125 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 126 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 127 * for duplicates. 128 */ 129 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 130 u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 131 int nrepeats = 0; 132 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 133 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 134 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 135 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 136 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 137 138 139 140 u_char *packet; 141 int packlen; 142 int pingflags = 0, options; 143 char *fill_pat; 144 145 int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 146 147 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) /* size of timestamp header */ 148 struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 149 struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 150 struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 151 int datalen = 64-PHDR_LEN; /* How much data */ 152 153 #ifdef sgi 154 static char *__progname; 155 #else 156 extern char *__progname; 157 #endif 158 159 160 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 161 162 static struct { 163 struct ip o_ip; 164 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 165 union { 166 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET]; 167 struct icmp u_icmp; 168 } o_u; 169 } out_pack; 170 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 171 struct ip *opack_ip; 172 173 char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 174 int optlen; 175 176 177 int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 178 int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 179 int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 180 int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 181 182 int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 183 184 double interval; /* interval between packets */ 185 struct timeval interval_tv; 186 double tmin = 999999999.0; 187 double tmax = 0.0; 188 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 189 double maxwait = 0.0; 190 191 #ifdef SIGINFO 192 int reset_kerninfo; 193 #endif 194 195 int bufspace = 60*1024; 196 197 struct timeval now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 198 struct timeval last_rx, first_rx; 199 int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 200 201 static struct timeval jiggle_time; 202 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 203 204 static void doit(void); 205 static void prefinish(int); 206 static void prtsig(int); 207 static void finish(int); 208 static void summary(int); 209 static void pinger(void); 210 static void fill(void); 211 static void rnd_fill(void); 212 static double diffsec(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 213 static void timevaladd(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 214 static void sec_to_timeval(const double, struct timeval *); 215 static double timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *); 216 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 217 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, u_int); 218 static void pr_saddr(char *, u_char *); 219 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 220 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 221 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 222 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 223 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 224 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 225 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 226 static void usage(void); 227 228 229 int 230 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 231 { 232 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 233 long l; 234 u_char ttl = 0; 235 u_long tos = 0; 236 char *p; 237 #ifdef SIGINFO 238 struct termios ts; 239 #endif 240 241 242 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 243 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 244 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 245 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 246 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 247 } 248 #endif 249 #ifdef sgi 250 __progname = argv[0]; 251 #endif 252 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 253 "c:dDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:")) != -1) { 254 switch (c) { 255 case 'c': 256 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 257 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 258 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 259 break; 260 case 'D': 261 pingflags |= F_DF; 262 break; 263 case 'd': 264 options |= SO_DEBUG; 265 break; 266 case 'f': 267 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 268 break; 269 case 'h': 270 hostind = optind-1; 271 break; 272 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 273 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 274 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 275 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 276 break; 277 case 'l': 278 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 279 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 280 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 281 optarg); 282 break; 283 case 'n': 284 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 285 break; 286 case 'o': 287 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 288 break; 289 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 290 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 291 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 292 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 293 fill_pat = optarg; 294 break; 295 case 'P': 296 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 297 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 298 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 299 break; 300 case 'q': 301 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 302 break; 303 case 'Q': 304 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 305 break; 306 case 'r': 307 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 308 break; 309 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 310 datalen = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 311 if (*p != '\0' || datalen <= 0) 312 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 313 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 314 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 315 break; 316 case 'v': 317 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 318 break; 319 case 'R': 320 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 321 break; 322 case 'L': 323 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 324 break; 325 case 't': 326 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 327 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 328 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 329 break; 330 case 'T': 331 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 332 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 333 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 334 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 335 break; 336 case 'I': 337 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 338 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 339 break; 340 case 'g': 341 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 342 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 343 break; 344 case 'w': 345 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 346 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 347 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 348 break; 349 default: 350 usage(); 351 break; 352 } 353 } 354 355 if (interval == 0) 356 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 357 #ifndef sgi 358 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && getuid()) 359 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 360 if (interval < 1.0 && getuid()) 361 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 362 if (preload > 0 && getuid()) 363 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 364 #endif 365 sec_to_timeval(interval, &interval_tv); 366 367 if (npackets != 0) { 368 npackets += preload; 369 } else { 370 npackets = INT_MAX; 371 } 372 373 if (hostind == 0) { 374 if (optind != argc-1) 375 usage(); 376 else 377 hostind = optind; 378 } 379 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 380 usage(); 381 382 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 383 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 384 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 385 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 386 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 387 388 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 389 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127<<24)+1); 390 391 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time them? */ 392 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 393 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 394 if ((packet = (u_char *)malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 395 err(1, "Out of memory"); 396 397 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 398 fill(); 399 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 400 rnd_fill(); 401 } else { 402 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) 403 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 404 } 405 406 ident = htons(getpid()) & 0xFFFF; 407 408 if ((s = cap_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 409 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 410 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 411 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 412 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 413 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 414 } 415 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 416 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 417 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 418 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 419 } 420 421 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 422 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 423 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 424 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 425 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 426 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 427 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 428 } 429 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 430 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 431 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 432 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 433 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 434 } 435 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 436 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 437 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 438 - optlen); 439 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 440 441 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 442 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 443 444 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 445 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 446 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 447 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 448 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 449 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 450 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 451 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 452 453 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 454 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 455 u_char loop = 0; 456 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 457 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 458 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 459 } 460 461 if (ttl != 0 462 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 463 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 464 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 465 466 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 467 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 468 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 469 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 470 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 471 472 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 473 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 474 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 475 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 476 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 477 } 478 479 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 480 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 481 482 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 483 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 484 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 485 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 486 */ 487 while (0 > setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 488 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 489 if ((bufspace -= 4096) == 0) 490 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 491 } 492 493 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 494 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 495 */ 496 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 497 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 498 499 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 500 #ifdef SIGINFO 501 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 502 #else 503 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 504 #endif 505 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 506 507 /* fire off them quickies */ 508 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 509 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 510 pinger(); 511 } 512 513 doit(); 514 return 0; 515 } 516 517 518 static void 519 doit(void) 520 { 521 int cc; 522 struct sockaddr_in from; 523 int fromlen; 524 double sec, last, d_last; 525 struct timeval timeout; 526 fd_set fdmask; 527 528 529 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 530 if (maxwait != 0) { 531 last = timeval_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 532 d_last = 0; 533 } else { 534 last = 0; 535 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 536 } 537 538 FD_ZERO(&fdmask); 539 do { 540 (void)gettimeofday(&now,0); 541 542 if (last != 0) 543 d_last = last - timeval_to_sec(&now); 544 545 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 546 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 547 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 548 if (sec <= 0.0001 549 || (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 550 pinger(); 551 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 552 } 553 if (sec < 0.0) 554 sec = 0.0; 555 if (d_last < sec) 556 sec = d_last; 557 558 } else { 559 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 560 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 561 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 562 */ 563 sec = MAX(2*tmax,10*interval) - diffsec(&now,&last_tx); 564 if (d_last < sec) 565 sec = d_last; 566 if (sec <= 0) 567 break; 568 } 569 570 571 sec_to_timeval(sec, &timeout); 572 573 FD_SET(s, &fdmask); 574 cc = select(s+1, &fdmask, 0, 0, &timeout); 575 if (cc <= 0) { 576 if (cc < 0) { 577 if (errno == EINTR) 578 continue; 579 jiggle_flush(1); 580 err(1, "select"); 581 } 582 continue; 583 } 584 585 fromlen = sizeof(from); 586 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 587 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 588 &fromlen); 589 if (cc < 0) { 590 if (errno != EINTR) { 591 jiggle_flush(1); 592 warn("recvfrom"); 593 (void)fflush(stderr); 594 } 595 continue; 596 } 597 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 598 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 599 600 } while (nreceived < npackets 601 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 602 603 finish(0); 604 } 605 606 607 static void 608 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 609 { 610 int serrno = errno; 611 612 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 613 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 614 jiggle_direction = 1; 615 do { 616 (void)putchar('.'); 617 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 618 619 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 620 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 621 jiggle_direction = -1; 622 do { 623 (void)putchar('\b'); 624 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 625 } 626 627 if (nl) { 628 if (total_jiggled != 0) 629 (void)putchar('\n'); 630 total_jiggled = 0; 631 jiggle_direction = -1; 632 } 633 634 (void)fflush(stdout); 635 (void)fflush(stderr); 636 jiggle_time = now; 637 errno = serrno; 638 } 639 640 641 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 642 */ 643 static void 644 jiggle(int delta) 645 { 646 double dt; 647 648 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 649 return; 650 651 /* do not back up into messages */ 652 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 653 return; 654 655 jiggle_cnt += delta; 656 657 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 658 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 659 */ 660 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 661 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 662 jiggle_flush(0); 663 } 664 665 666 /* 667 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 668 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 669 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first PHDR_LEN bytes 670 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 671 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 672 */ 673 static void 674 pinger(void) 675 { 676 int i, cc, sw; 677 678 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 679 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_short)(ntransmitted)); 680 681 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 682 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 683 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 684 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 685 * black holes come and go. 686 */ 687 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 688 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 689 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 690 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 691 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, 692 PHDR_LEN); 693 sw = 0; 694 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 695 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 696 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 697 if (sendto(s, (char *) &opack_icmp, PHDR_LEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 698 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 699 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 700 /* 701 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 702 * mode because people get confused when they see 703 * this error when they are running in single user 704 * mode and they have not configured lo0 705 */ 706 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 707 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 708 } 709 sw = 1; 710 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 711 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 712 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 713 714 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 715 } 716 717 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 718 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 719 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 720 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 721 cc = datalen+PHDR_LEN; 722 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 723 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, cc); 724 725 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 726 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 727 i = sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 728 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 729 if (i != cc) { 730 jiggle_flush(1); 731 if (i < 0) 732 warn("sendto"); 733 else 734 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 735 (void)fflush(stderr); 736 } 737 lastrcvd = 0; 738 739 CLR(ntransmitted); 740 ntransmitted++; 741 742 last_tx = now; 743 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 744 first_tx = now; 745 next_tx = now; 746 } 747 748 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 749 * second when going at one packet per second. 750 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 751 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 752 */ 753 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 754 do { 755 timevaladd(&next_tx, &interval_tv); 756 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 757 } 758 759 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 760 jiggle(1); 761 762 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 763 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 764 */ 765 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 766 rnd_fill(); 767 } 768 769 770 static void 771 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 772 char *addr, 773 int seqno, 774 int dupflag, 775 int ttl, 776 double triptime) 777 { 778 jiggle_flush(1); 779 780 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 781 return; 782 783 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 784 if (dupflag) 785 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 786 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 787 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 788 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 789 } 790 791 792 /* 793 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 794 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 795 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 796 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 797 */ 798 static void 799 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 800 int tot_len, 801 struct sockaddr_in *from) 802 { 803 struct ip *ip; 804 struct icmp *icp; 805 int i, j, net_len; 806 u_char *cp; 807 static int old_rrlen; 808 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 809 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 810 double triptime = 0.0; 811 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 812 dumped = 1; \ 813 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 814 ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq), \ 815 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 816 817 /* Check the IP header */ 818 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 819 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 820 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 821 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 822 jiggle_flush(1); 823 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 824 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 825 } 826 return; 827 } 828 829 /* Now the ICMP part */ 830 dumped = 0; 831 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 832 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 833 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 834 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 835 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_short)(ntransmitted-1))) 836 lastrcvd = 1; 837 last_rx = now; 838 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 839 first_rx = last_rx; 840 nreceived++; 841 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 842 struct timeval tv; 843 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 844 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 845 tsum += triptime; 846 if (triptime < tmin) 847 tmin = triptime; 848 if (triptime > tmax) 849 tmax = triptime; 850 } 851 852 if (TST(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq))) { 853 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 854 dupflag=1; 855 } else { 856 SET(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq)); 857 } 858 859 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 860 PR_PACK_SUB(); 861 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 862 tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 863 } 864 865 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 866 return; 867 868 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 869 PR_PACK_SUB(); 870 871 /* check the data */ 872 if (datalen > PHDR_LEN 873 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 874 && memcmp(&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 875 &opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 876 datalen-PHDR_LEN)) { 877 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 878 if (icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i] 879 != opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i]) 880 break; 881 } 882 PR_PACK_SUB(); 883 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 884 " %#x but was %#x", 885 i, (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 886 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 887 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 888 if ((i%16) == PHDR_LEN) 889 (void)printf("\n\t"); 890 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 891 } 892 } 893 894 } else { 895 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 896 return; 897 dumped = 2; 898 } 899 900 /* Display any IP options */ 901 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 902 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 903 switch (*cp) { 904 case IPOPT_EOL: 905 hlen = 0; 906 break; 907 case IPOPT_LSRR: 908 hlen -= 2; 909 j = *++cp; 910 ++cp; 911 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 912 if (j <= 0) 913 continue; 914 if (dumped <= 1) { 915 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 916 hlen -= j; 917 cp += j; 918 break; 919 } 920 PR_PACK_SUB(); 921 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 922 for (;;) { 923 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 924 cp += 4; 925 hlen -= 4; 926 j -= 4; 927 if (j <= 0) 928 break; 929 (void)putchar('\n'); 930 } 931 break; 932 case IPOPT_RR: 933 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 934 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 935 hlen -= 2; 936 if (i > j) 937 i = j; 938 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 939 if (i <= 0) 940 continue; 941 if (dumped <= 1) { 942 if (i == old_rrlen 943 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 944 if (dumped) 945 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 946 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 947 hlen -= j; 948 cp += j; 949 break; 950 } 951 old_rrlen = i; 952 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 953 } 954 if (!dumped) { 955 jiggle_flush(1); 956 (void)printf("RR: "); 957 dumped = 1; 958 } else { 959 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 960 } 961 for (;;) { 962 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 963 cp += 4; 964 hlen -= 4; 965 i -= 4; 966 if (i <= 0) 967 break; 968 (void)putchar('\n'); 969 } 970 break; 971 case IPOPT_NOP: 972 if (dumped <= 1) 973 break; 974 PR_PACK_SUB(); 975 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 976 break; 977 #ifdef sgi 978 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 979 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 980 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 981 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 982 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 983 hlen -= i - 1; 984 PR_PACK_SUB(); 985 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 986 while (i--) { 987 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 988 } 989 cp--; 990 break; 991 } 992 #endif 993 default: 994 PR_PACK_SUB(); 995 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 996 break; 997 } 998 hlen--; 999 cp++; 1000 } 1001 1002 if (dumped) { 1003 (void)putchar('\n'); 1004 (void)fflush(stdout); 1005 } else { 1006 jiggle(-1); 1007 } 1008 } 1009 1010 1011 /* Compute the IP checksum 1012 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1013 */ 1014 static u_short 1015 in_cksum(u_short *p, 1016 u_int len) 1017 { 1018 u_int sum = 0; 1019 int nwords = len >> 1; 1020 1021 while (nwords-- != 0) 1022 sum += *p++; 1023 1024 if (len & 1) { 1025 union { 1026 u_short w; 1027 u_char c[2]; 1028 } u; 1029 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1030 u.c[1] = 0; 1031 sum += u.w; 1032 } 1033 1034 /* end-around-carry */ 1035 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1036 sum += (sum >> 16); 1037 return (~sum); 1038 } 1039 1040 1041 /* 1042 * compute the difference of two timevals in seconds 1043 */ 1044 static double 1045 diffsec(struct timeval *now, 1046 struct timeval *then) 1047 { 1048 return ((now->tv_sec - then->tv_sec)*1.0 1049 + (now->tv_usec - then->tv_usec)/1000000.0); 1050 } 1051 1052 1053 static void 1054 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, 1055 struct timeval *t2) 1056 { 1057 1058 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1059 if ((t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec) >= 1000000) { 1060 t1->tv_sec++; 1061 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000; 1062 } 1063 } 1064 1065 1066 static void 1067 sec_to_timeval(const double sec, struct timeval *tp) 1068 { 1069 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1070 tp->tv_usec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000.0; 1071 } 1072 1073 1074 static double 1075 timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *tp) 1076 { 1077 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_usec / 1000000.0; 1078 } 1079 1080 1081 /* 1082 * Print statistics. 1083 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1084 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1085 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1086 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1087 */ 1088 static void 1089 summary(int header) 1090 { 1091 jiggle_flush(1); 1092 1093 if (header) 1094 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1095 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1096 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1097 if (nrepeats) 1098 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1099 if (ntransmitted) { 1100 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1101 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1102 else 1103 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1104 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1105 ntransmitted)); 1106 } 1107 (void)printf("\n"); 1108 if (nreceived && (pingflags & F_TIMING)) { 1109 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1110 tmin*1000.0, 1111 (tsum/(nreceived+nrepeats))*1000.0, 1112 tmax*1000.0); 1113 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1114 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1115 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1116 if (r == 0) 1117 r = 0.0001; 1118 if (t == 0) 1119 t = 0.0001; 1120 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1121 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1122 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1123 } 1124 } 1125 } 1126 1127 1128 /* 1129 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1130 */ 1131 /* ARGSUSED */ 1132 static void 1133 prtsig(int s) 1134 { 1135 summary(0); 1136 #ifdef SIGINFO 1137 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 1138 #else 1139 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1140 #endif 1141 } 1142 1143 1144 /* 1145 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1146 */ 1147 static void 1148 prefinish(int s) 1149 { 1150 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1151 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1152 finish(0); 1153 1154 (void)signal(s, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1155 1156 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1157 npackets = ntransmitted; 1158 } 1159 1160 1161 /* 1162 * Print statistics and give up. 1163 */ 1164 /* ARGSUSED */ 1165 static void 1166 finish(int s) 1167 { 1168 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 1169 struct termios ts; 1170 1171 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 1172 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 1173 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 1174 } 1175 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 1176 #else 1177 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1178 #endif 1179 1180 summary(1); 1181 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1182 } 1183 1184 1185 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1186 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1187 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1188 int cc, 1189 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1190 { 1191 int hlen; 1192 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1193 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1194 int res; 1195 1196 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1197 res = 1; 1198 jiggle_flush(1); 1199 } else { 1200 res = 0; 1201 } 1202 1203 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1204 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1205 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1206 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1207 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1208 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1209 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1210 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1211 * of our packets. 1212 */ 1213 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1214 1215 if (!res && override 1216 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1217 jiggle_flush(1); 1218 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1219 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1220 res = 1; 1221 } 1222 } 1223 } 1224 1225 return res; 1226 } 1227 1228 1229 /* 1230 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1231 */ 1232 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1233 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1234 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1235 int cc) 1236 { 1237 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1238 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1239 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1240 return 0; 1241 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1242 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1243 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1244 break; 1245 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1246 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1247 break; 1248 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1249 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1250 break; 1251 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1252 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1253 break; 1254 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1255 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1256 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1257 break; 1258 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1259 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1260 break; 1261 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1262 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1263 break; 1264 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1265 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1266 break; 1267 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1268 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1269 break; 1270 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1271 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1272 break; 1273 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1274 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1275 break; 1276 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1277 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1278 break; 1279 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1280 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1281 break; 1282 case 13: 1283 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1284 break; 1285 case 14: 1286 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1287 break; 1288 case 15: 1289 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1290 break; 1291 default: 1292 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1293 icp->icmp_code); 1294 break; 1295 } 1296 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1297 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1298 break; 1299 1300 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1301 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1302 return 0; 1303 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1304 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1305 break; 1306 1307 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1308 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1309 return 0; 1310 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1311 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1312 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1313 break; 1314 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1315 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1316 break; 1317 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1318 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1319 break; 1320 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1321 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1322 break; 1323 default: 1324 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1325 break; 1326 } 1327 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1328 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1329 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1330 break; 1331 1332 case ICMP_ECHO: 1333 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1334 return 0; 1335 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1336 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1337 break; 1338 1339 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1340 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1341 #if 0 1342 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1343 return 0; 1344 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1345 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1346 break; 1347 #else 1348 return 0; 1349 #endif 1350 1351 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1352 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1353 return 0; 1354 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1355 break; 1356 1357 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1358 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1359 return 0; 1360 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1361 break; 1362 1363 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1364 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1365 return 0; 1366 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1367 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1368 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1369 break; 1370 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1371 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1372 break; 1373 default: 1374 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1375 icp->icmp_code); 1376 break; 1377 } 1378 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1379 break; 1380 1381 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1382 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1383 return 0; 1384 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1385 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1386 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1387 break; 1388 1389 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1390 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1391 return 0; 1392 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1393 break; 1394 1395 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1396 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1397 return 0; 1398 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1399 break; 1400 1401 case ICMP_IREQ: 1402 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1403 return 0; 1404 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1405 break; 1406 1407 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1408 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1409 return 0; 1410 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1411 break; 1412 1413 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1414 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1415 return 0; 1416 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1417 break; 1418 1419 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1420 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1421 return 0; 1422 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1423 break; 1424 1425 default: 1426 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1427 return 0; 1428 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1429 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1430 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1431 } 1432 1433 return 1; 1434 } 1435 1436 1437 /* 1438 * Print an IP header with options. 1439 */ 1440 static void 1441 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1442 int cc) 1443 { 1444 int hlen; 1445 u_char *cp; 1446 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1447 1448 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1449 1450 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1451 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1452 1453 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1454 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1455 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1456 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1457 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1458 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1459 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1460 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1461 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1462 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1463 /* dump any option bytes */ 1464 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1465 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1466 } 1467 } 1468 1469 /* 1470 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1471 */ 1472 static void 1473 pr_saddr(char *pat, 1474 u_char *cp) 1475 { 1476 n_long l; 1477 struct in_addr addr; 1478 1479 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1480 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1481 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1482 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1483 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1484 (void)printf(pat, (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1485 } 1486 1487 1488 /* 1489 * Return an ASCII host address 1490 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1491 */ 1492 static char * 1493 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1494 { 1495 struct hostent *hp; 1496 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1497 1498 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1499 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1500 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1501 } else { 1502 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1503 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1504 } 1505 1506 return buf; 1507 } 1508 1509 /* 1510 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1511 */ 1512 static void 1513 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1514 int cc) 1515 { 1516 int hlen; 1517 u_char *cp; 1518 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1519 1520 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1521 1522 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1523 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1524 1525 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1526 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1527 1528 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1529 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1530 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1531 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1532 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1533 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1534 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1535 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1536 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1537 struct icmp icp2; 1538 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1539 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1540 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1541 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1542 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_id), 1543 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1544 else 1545 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1546 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1547 } 1548 } 1549 } 1550 1551 static void 1552 fill(void) 1553 { 1554 int i, j, k; 1555 char *cp; 1556 int pat[16]; 1557 1558 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1559 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1560 break; 1561 } 1562 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1563 (void)fflush(stdout); 1564 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1565 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1566 fill_pat); 1567 } 1568 1569 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1570 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1571 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1572 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1573 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1574 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1575 1576 for (k=PHDR_LEN, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1577 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1578 if (++j >= i) 1579 j = 0; 1580 } 1581 1582 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1583 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1584 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1585 (void)printf("%02x", 1586 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+j]); 1587 (void)printf("\n"); 1588 } 1589 1590 } 1591 1592 1593 static void 1594 rnd_fill(void) 1595 { 1596 static u_int32_t rnd; 1597 int i; 1598 1599 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) { 1600 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1601 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1602 } 1603 } 1604 1605 1606 static void 1607 gethost(const char *arg, 1608 const char *name, 1609 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1610 char *realname, 1611 int realname_len) 1612 { 1613 struct hostent *hp; 1614 1615 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1616 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1617 1618 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1619 * have something nice to display. 1620 */ 1621 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1622 if (realname) { 1623 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1624 hp = 0; 1625 else 1626 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1627 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1628 AF_INET); 1629 (void)strncpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1630 realname_len); 1631 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1632 } 1633 return; 1634 } 1635 1636 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1637 if (!hp) 1638 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1639 1640 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1641 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1642 1643 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1644 1645 if (realname) { 1646 (void)strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1647 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1648 } 1649 } 1650 1651 1652 static void 1653 usage(void) 1654 { 1655 (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: \n" 1656 "%s [-dDfnoqrvRLP] [-c count] [-s size] [-l preload]" 1657 " [-p pattern]\n" 1658 " [-i interval] [-i maxwait] [-t tos] [-T ttl]" 1659 " [-I addr] [-g gateway] host\n", 1660 __progname); 1661 exit(1); 1662 } 1663
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025