ping.c revision 1.48
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.48 1999/04/17 01:17:15 mjl Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 39 /* 40 * P I N G . C 41 * 42 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 43 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 44 * 45 * Author - 46 * Mike Muuss 47 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 48 * December, 1983 49 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 50 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 51 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 52 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 53 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 54 * 55 * Status - 56 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 57 * 58 * Bugs - 59 * More statistics could always be gathered. 60 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 61 */ 62 63 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 64 #ifndef lint 65 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.48 1999/04/17 01:17:15 mjl Exp $"); 66 #endif 67 68 #include <stdio.h> 69 #include <errno.h> 70 #include <sys/time.h> 71 #include <sys/types.h> 72 #include <sys/signal.h> 73 #include <sys/param.h> 74 #include <sys/socket.h> 75 #include <sys/file.h> 76 #include <termios.h> 77 #include <stdlib.h> 78 #include <unistd.h> 79 #include <limits.h> 80 #include <math.h> 81 #include <string.h> 82 #include <err.h> 83 #ifdef sgi 84 #include <bstring.h> 85 #include <getopt.h> 86 #include <sys/prctl.h> 87 #ifndef PRE_KUDZU 88 #include <cap_net.h> 89 #else 90 #define cap_socket socket 91 #endif 92 #else 93 #define cap_socket socket 94 #include <err.h> 95 #endif 96 97 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 98 #include <netinet/in.h> 99 #include <netinet/ip.h> 100 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 101 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 102 #include <arpa/inet.h> 103 #include <ctype.h> 104 #include <netdb.h> 105 106 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 107 #define MAXPACKET (65536-60-8) /* max packet size */ 108 109 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 110 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 111 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 112 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 113 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 114 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 115 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 116 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 117 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 118 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 119 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 120 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 121 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 122 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 123 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 124 125 126 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 127 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 128 * for duplicates. 129 */ 130 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 131 u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 132 int nrepeats = 0; 133 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 134 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 135 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 136 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 137 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 138 139 140 141 u_char *packet; 142 int packlen; 143 int pingflags = 0, options; 144 char *fill_pat; 145 146 int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 147 148 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) /* size of timestamp header */ 149 struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 150 struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 151 struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 152 int datalen = 64-PHDR_LEN; /* How much data */ 153 154 #ifdef sgi 155 static char *__progname; 156 #else 157 extern char *__progname; 158 #endif 159 160 161 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 162 163 static struct { 164 struct ip o_ip; 165 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 166 union { 167 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET]; 168 struct icmp u_icmp; 169 } o_u; 170 } out_pack; 171 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 172 struct ip *opack_ip; 173 174 char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 175 int optlen; 176 177 178 int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 179 int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 180 int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 181 int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 182 183 int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 184 185 double interval; /* interval between packets */ 186 struct timeval interval_tv; 187 double tmin = 999999999.0; 188 double tmax = 0.0; 189 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 190 double tsumsq = 0.0; 191 double maxwait = 0.0; 192 193 #ifdef SIGINFO 194 int reset_kerninfo; 195 #endif 196 197 int bufspace = 60*1024; 198 199 struct timeval now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 200 struct timeval last_rx, first_rx; 201 int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 202 203 static struct timeval jiggle_time; 204 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 205 206 static void doit(void); 207 static void prefinish(int); 208 static void prtsig(int); 209 static void finish(int); 210 static void summary(int); 211 static void pinger(void); 212 static void fill(void); 213 static void rnd_fill(void); 214 static double diffsec(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 215 static void timevaladd(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 216 static void sec_to_timeval(const double, struct timeval *); 217 static double timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *); 218 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 219 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, u_int); 220 static void pr_saddr(char *, u_char *); 221 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 222 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 223 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 224 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 225 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 226 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 227 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 228 static void usage(void); 229 230 231 int 232 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 233 { 234 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 235 long l; 236 u_char ttl = 0; 237 u_long tos = 0; 238 char *p; 239 #ifdef SIGINFO 240 struct termios ts; 241 #endif 242 243 244 #ifdef sgi 245 __progname = argv[0]; 246 #endif 247 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 248 "c:dDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:")) != -1) { 249 switch (c) { 250 case 'c': 251 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 252 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 253 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 254 break; 255 case 'D': 256 pingflags |= F_DF; 257 break; 258 case 'd': 259 options |= SO_DEBUG; 260 break; 261 case 'f': 262 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 263 break; 264 case 'h': 265 hostind = optind-1; 266 break; 267 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 268 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 269 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 270 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 271 break; 272 case 'l': 273 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 274 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 275 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 276 optarg); 277 break; 278 case 'n': 279 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 280 break; 281 case 'o': 282 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 283 break; 284 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 285 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 286 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 287 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 288 fill_pat = optarg; 289 break; 290 case 'P': 291 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 292 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 293 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 294 break; 295 case 'q': 296 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 297 break; 298 case 'Q': 299 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 300 break; 301 case 'r': 302 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 303 break; 304 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 305 datalen = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 306 if (*p != '\0' || datalen <= 0) 307 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 308 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 309 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 310 break; 311 case 'v': 312 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 313 break; 314 case 'R': 315 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 316 break; 317 case 'L': 318 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 319 break; 320 case 't': 321 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 322 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 323 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 324 break; 325 case 'T': 326 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 327 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 328 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 329 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 330 break; 331 case 'I': 332 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 333 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 334 break; 335 case 'g': 336 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 337 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 338 break; 339 case 'w': 340 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 341 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 342 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 343 break; 344 default: 345 usage(); 346 break; 347 } 348 } 349 350 if (interval == 0) 351 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 352 #ifndef sgi 353 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && getuid()) 354 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 355 if (interval < 1.0 && getuid()) 356 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 357 if (preload > 0 && getuid()) 358 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 359 #endif 360 sec_to_timeval(interval, &interval_tv); 361 362 if (npackets != 0) { 363 npackets += preload; 364 } else { 365 npackets = INT_MAX; 366 } 367 368 if (hostind == 0) { 369 if (optind != argc-1) 370 usage(); 371 else 372 hostind = optind; 373 } 374 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 375 usage(); 376 377 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 378 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 379 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 380 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 381 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 382 383 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 384 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127<<24)+1); 385 386 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time them? */ 387 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 388 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 389 if ((packet = (u_char *)malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 390 err(1, "Out of memory"); 391 392 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 393 fill(); 394 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 395 rnd_fill(); 396 } else { 397 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) 398 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 399 } 400 401 ident = htons(getpid()) & 0xFFFF; 402 403 if ((s = cap_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 404 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 405 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 406 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 407 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 408 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 409 } 410 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 411 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 412 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 413 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 414 } 415 416 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 417 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 418 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 419 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 420 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 421 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 422 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 423 } 424 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 425 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 426 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 427 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 428 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 429 } 430 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 431 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 432 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 433 - optlen); 434 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 435 436 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 437 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 438 439 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 440 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 441 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 442 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 443 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 444 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 445 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 446 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 447 448 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 449 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 450 u_char loop = 0; 451 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 452 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 453 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 454 } 455 456 if (ttl != 0 457 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 458 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 459 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 460 461 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 462 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 463 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 464 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 465 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 466 467 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 468 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 469 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 470 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 471 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 472 } 473 474 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 475 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 476 477 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 478 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 479 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 480 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 481 */ 482 while (0 > setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 483 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 484 if ((bufspace -= 4096) == 0) 485 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 486 } 487 488 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 489 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 490 */ 491 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 492 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 493 494 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 495 496 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 497 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 498 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 499 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 500 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 501 } 502 #endif 503 504 #ifdef SIGINFO 505 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 506 #else 507 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 508 #endif 509 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 510 511 /* fire off them quickies */ 512 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 513 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 514 pinger(); 515 } 516 517 doit(); 518 return 0; 519 } 520 521 522 static void 523 doit(void) 524 { 525 int cc; 526 struct sockaddr_in from; 527 int fromlen; 528 double sec, last, d_last; 529 struct timeval timeout; 530 fd_set fdmask; 531 532 533 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 534 if (maxwait != 0) { 535 last = timeval_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 536 d_last = 0; 537 } else { 538 last = 0; 539 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 540 } 541 542 FD_ZERO(&fdmask); 543 do { 544 (void)gettimeofday(&now,0); 545 546 if (last != 0) 547 d_last = last - timeval_to_sec(&now); 548 549 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 550 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 551 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 552 if (sec <= 0.0001 553 || (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 554 pinger(); 555 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 556 } 557 if (sec < 0.0) 558 sec = 0.0; 559 if (d_last < sec) 560 sec = d_last; 561 562 } else { 563 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 564 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 565 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 566 */ 567 sec = MAX(2*tmax,10*interval) - diffsec(&now,&last_tx); 568 if (d_last < sec) 569 sec = d_last; 570 if (sec <= 0) 571 break; 572 } 573 574 575 sec_to_timeval(sec, &timeout); 576 577 FD_SET(s, &fdmask); 578 cc = select(s+1, &fdmask, 0, 0, &timeout); 579 if (cc <= 0) { 580 if (cc < 0) { 581 if (errno == EINTR) 582 continue; 583 jiggle_flush(1); 584 err(1, "select"); 585 } 586 continue; 587 } 588 589 fromlen = sizeof(from); 590 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 591 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 592 &fromlen); 593 if (cc < 0) { 594 if (errno != EINTR) { 595 jiggle_flush(1); 596 warn("recvfrom"); 597 (void)fflush(stderr); 598 } 599 continue; 600 } 601 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 602 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 603 604 } while (nreceived < npackets 605 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 606 607 finish(0); 608 } 609 610 611 static void 612 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 613 { 614 int serrno = errno; 615 616 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 617 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 618 jiggle_direction = 1; 619 do { 620 (void)putchar('.'); 621 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 622 623 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 624 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 625 jiggle_direction = -1; 626 do { 627 (void)putchar('\b'); 628 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 629 } 630 631 if (nl) { 632 if (total_jiggled != 0) 633 (void)putchar('\n'); 634 total_jiggled = 0; 635 jiggle_direction = -1; 636 } 637 638 (void)fflush(stdout); 639 (void)fflush(stderr); 640 jiggle_time = now; 641 errno = serrno; 642 } 643 644 645 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 646 */ 647 static void 648 jiggle(int delta) 649 { 650 double dt; 651 652 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 653 return; 654 655 /* do not back up into messages */ 656 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 657 return; 658 659 jiggle_cnt += delta; 660 661 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 662 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 663 */ 664 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 665 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 666 jiggle_flush(0); 667 } 668 669 670 /* 671 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 672 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 673 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first PHDR_LEN bytes 674 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 675 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 676 */ 677 static void 678 pinger(void) 679 { 680 int i, cc, sw; 681 682 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 683 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_short)(ntransmitted)); 684 685 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 686 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 687 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 688 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 689 * black holes come and go. 690 */ 691 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 692 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 693 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 694 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 695 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, 696 PHDR_LEN); 697 sw = 0; 698 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 699 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 700 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 701 if (sendto(s, (char *) &opack_icmp, PHDR_LEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 702 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 703 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 704 /* 705 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 706 * mode because people get confused when they see 707 * this error when they are running in single user 708 * mode and they have not configured lo0 709 */ 710 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 711 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 712 } 713 sw = 1; 714 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 715 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 716 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 717 718 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 719 } 720 721 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 722 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 723 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 724 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 725 cc = datalen+PHDR_LEN; 726 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 727 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, cc); 728 729 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 730 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 731 i = sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 732 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 733 if (i != cc) { 734 jiggle_flush(1); 735 if (i < 0) 736 warn("sendto"); 737 else 738 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 739 (void)fflush(stderr); 740 } 741 lastrcvd = 0; 742 743 CLR(ntransmitted); 744 ntransmitted++; 745 746 last_tx = now; 747 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 748 first_tx = now; 749 next_tx = now; 750 } 751 752 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 753 * second when going at one packet per second. 754 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 755 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 756 */ 757 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 758 do { 759 timevaladd(&next_tx, &interval_tv); 760 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 761 } 762 763 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 764 jiggle(1); 765 766 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 767 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 768 */ 769 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 770 rnd_fill(); 771 } 772 773 774 static void 775 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 776 char *addr, 777 int seqno, 778 int dupflag, 779 int ttl, 780 double triptime) 781 { 782 jiggle_flush(1); 783 784 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 785 return; 786 787 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 788 if (dupflag) 789 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 790 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 791 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 792 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 793 } 794 795 796 /* 797 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 798 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 799 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 800 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 801 */ 802 static void 803 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 804 int tot_len, 805 struct sockaddr_in *from) 806 { 807 struct ip *ip; 808 struct icmp *icp; 809 int i, j, net_len; 810 u_char *cp; 811 static int old_rrlen; 812 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 813 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 814 double triptime = 0.0; 815 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 816 dumped = 1; \ 817 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 818 ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq), \ 819 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 820 821 /* Check the IP header */ 822 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 823 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 824 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 825 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 826 jiggle_flush(1); 827 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 828 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 829 } 830 return; 831 } 832 833 /* Now the ICMP part */ 834 dumped = 0; 835 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 836 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 837 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 838 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 839 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_short)(ntransmitted-1))) 840 lastrcvd = 1; 841 last_rx = now; 842 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 843 first_rx = last_rx; 844 nreceived++; 845 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 846 struct timeval tv; 847 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 848 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 849 tsum += triptime; 850 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 851 if (triptime < tmin) 852 tmin = triptime; 853 if (triptime > tmax) 854 tmax = triptime; 855 } 856 857 if (TST(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq))) { 858 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 859 dupflag=1; 860 } else { 861 SET(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq)); 862 } 863 864 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 865 PR_PACK_SUB(); 866 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 867 tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 868 } 869 870 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 871 return; 872 873 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 874 PR_PACK_SUB(); 875 876 /* check the data */ 877 if (datalen > PHDR_LEN 878 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 879 && memcmp(&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 880 &opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 881 datalen-PHDR_LEN)) { 882 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 883 if (icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i] 884 != opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i]) 885 break; 886 } 887 PR_PACK_SUB(); 888 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 889 " %#x but was %#x", 890 i, (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 891 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 892 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 893 if ((i%16) == PHDR_LEN) 894 (void)printf("\n\t"); 895 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 896 } 897 } 898 899 } else { 900 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 901 return; 902 dumped = 2; 903 } 904 905 /* Display any IP options */ 906 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 907 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 908 switch (*cp) { 909 case IPOPT_EOL: 910 hlen = 0; 911 break; 912 case IPOPT_LSRR: 913 hlen -= 2; 914 j = *++cp; 915 ++cp; 916 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 917 if (j <= 0) 918 continue; 919 if (dumped <= 1) { 920 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 921 hlen -= j; 922 cp += j; 923 break; 924 } 925 PR_PACK_SUB(); 926 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 927 for (;;) { 928 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 929 cp += 4; 930 hlen -= 4; 931 j -= 4; 932 if (j <= 0) 933 break; 934 (void)putchar('\n'); 935 } 936 break; 937 case IPOPT_RR: 938 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 939 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 940 hlen -= 2; 941 if (i > j) 942 i = j; 943 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 944 if (i <= 0) 945 continue; 946 if (dumped <= 1) { 947 if (i == old_rrlen 948 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 949 if (dumped) 950 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 951 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 952 hlen -= j; 953 cp += j; 954 break; 955 } 956 old_rrlen = i; 957 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 958 } 959 if (!dumped) { 960 jiggle_flush(1); 961 (void)printf("RR: "); 962 dumped = 1; 963 } else { 964 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 965 } 966 for (;;) { 967 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 968 cp += 4; 969 hlen -= 4; 970 i -= 4; 971 if (i <= 0) 972 break; 973 (void)putchar('\n'); 974 } 975 break; 976 case IPOPT_NOP: 977 if (dumped <= 1) 978 break; 979 PR_PACK_SUB(); 980 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 981 break; 982 #ifdef sgi 983 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 984 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 985 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 986 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 987 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 988 hlen -= i - 1; 989 PR_PACK_SUB(); 990 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 991 while (i--) { 992 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 993 } 994 cp--; 995 break; 996 } 997 #endif 998 default: 999 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1000 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 1001 break; 1002 } 1003 hlen--; 1004 cp++; 1005 } 1006 1007 if (dumped) { 1008 (void)putchar('\n'); 1009 (void)fflush(stdout); 1010 } else { 1011 jiggle(-1); 1012 } 1013 } 1014 1015 1016 /* Compute the IP checksum 1017 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1018 */ 1019 static u_short 1020 in_cksum(u_short *p, 1021 u_int len) 1022 { 1023 u_int sum = 0; 1024 int nwords = len >> 1; 1025 1026 while (nwords-- != 0) 1027 sum += *p++; 1028 1029 if (len & 1) { 1030 union { 1031 u_short w; 1032 u_char c[2]; 1033 } u; 1034 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1035 u.c[1] = 0; 1036 sum += u.w; 1037 } 1038 1039 /* end-around-carry */ 1040 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1041 sum += (sum >> 16); 1042 return (~sum); 1043 } 1044 1045 1046 /* 1047 * compute the difference of two timevals in seconds 1048 */ 1049 static double 1050 diffsec(struct timeval *now, 1051 struct timeval *then) 1052 { 1053 return ((now->tv_sec - then->tv_sec)*1.0 1054 + (now->tv_usec - then->tv_usec)/1000000.0); 1055 } 1056 1057 1058 static void 1059 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, 1060 struct timeval *t2) 1061 { 1062 1063 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1064 if ((t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec) >= 1000000) { 1065 t1->tv_sec++; 1066 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000; 1067 } 1068 } 1069 1070 1071 static void 1072 sec_to_timeval(const double sec, struct timeval *tp) 1073 { 1074 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1075 tp->tv_usec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000.0; 1076 } 1077 1078 1079 static double 1080 timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *tp) 1081 { 1082 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_usec / 1000000.0; 1083 } 1084 1085 1086 /* 1087 * Print statistics. 1088 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1089 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1090 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1091 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1092 */ 1093 static void 1094 summary(int header) 1095 { 1096 jiggle_flush(1); 1097 1098 if (header) 1099 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1100 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1101 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1102 if (nrepeats) 1103 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1104 if (ntransmitted) { 1105 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1106 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1107 else 1108 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1109 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1110 ntransmitted)); 1111 } 1112 (void)printf("\n"); 1113 if (nreceived && (pingflags & F_TIMING)) { 1114 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1115 double avg = (tsum / n); 1116 double variance = 0.0; 1117 if (n>1) 1118 variance = (tsumsq - n*avg*avg) /(n-1); 1119 1120 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1121 "%.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1122 tmin * 1000.0, avg * 1000.0, 1123 tmax * 1000.0, sqrt(variance) * 1000.0); 1124 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1125 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1126 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1127 if (r == 0) 1128 r = 0.0001; 1129 if (t == 0) 1130 t = 0.0001; 1131 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1132 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1133 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1134 } 1135 } 1136 } 1137 1138 1139 /* 1140 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1141 */ 1142 /* ARGSUSED */ 1143 static void 1144 prtsig(int s) 1145 { 1146 summary(0); 1147 #ifdef SIGINFO 1148 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 1149 #else 1150 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1151 #endif 1152 } 1153 1154 1155 /* 1156 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1157 */ 1158 static void 1159 prefinish(int s) 1160 { 1161 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1162 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1163 finish(0); 1164 1165 (void)signal(s, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1166 1167 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1168 npackets = ntransmitted; 1169 } 1170 1171 1172 /* 1173 * Print statistics and give up. 1174 */ 1175 /* ARGSUSED */ 1176 static void 1177 finish(int s) 1178 { 1179 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 1180 struct termios ts; 1181 1182 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 1183 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 1184 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 1185 } 1186 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 1187 #else 1188 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1189 #endif 1190 1191 summary(1); 1192 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1193 } 1194 1195 1196 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1197 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1198 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1199 int cc, 1200 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1201 { 1202 int hlen; 1203 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1204 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1205 int res; 1206 1207 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1208 res = 1; 1209 jiggle_flush(1); 1210 } else { 1211 res = 0; 1212 } 1213 1214 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1215 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1216 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1217 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1218 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1219 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1220 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1221 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1222 * of our packets. 1223 */ 1224 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1225 1226 if (!res && override 1227 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1228 jiggle_flush(1); 1229 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1230 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1231 res = 1; 1232 } 1233 } 1234 } 1235 1236 return res; 1237 } 1238 1239 1240 /* 1241 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1242 */ 1243 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1244 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1245 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1246 int cc) 1247 { 1248 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1249 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1250 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1251 return 0; 1252 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1253 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1254 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1255 break; 1256 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1257 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1258 break; 1259 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1260 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1261 break; 1262 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1263 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1264 break; 1265 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1266 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1267 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1268 break; 1269 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1270 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1271 break; 1272 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1273 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1274 break; 1275 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1276 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1277 break; 1278 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1279 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1280 break; 1281 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1282 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1283 break; 1284 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1285 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1286 break; 1287 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1288 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1289 break; 1290 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1291 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1292 break; 1293 case 13: 1294 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1295 break; 1296 case 14: 1297 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1298 break; 1299 case 15: 1300 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1301 break; 1302 default: 1303 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1304 icp->icmp_code); 1305 break; 1306 } 1307 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1308 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1309 break; 1310 1311 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1312 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1313 return 0; 1314 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1315 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1316 break; 1317 1318 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1319 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1320 return 0; 1321 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1322 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1323 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1324 break; 1325 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1326 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1327 break; 1328 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1329 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1330 break; 1331 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1332 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1333 break; 1334 default: 1335 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1336 break; 1337 } 1338 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1339 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1340 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1341 break; 1342 1343 case ICMP_ECHO: 1344 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1345 return 0; 1346 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1347 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1348 break; 1349 1350 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1351 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1352 #if 0 1353 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1354 return 0; 1355 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1356 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1357 break; 1358 #else 1359 return 0; 1360 #endif 1361 1362 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1363 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1364 return 0; 1365 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1366 break; 1367 1368 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1369 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1370 return 0; 1371 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1372 break; 1373 1374 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1375 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1376 return 0; 1377 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1378 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1379 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1380 break; 1381 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1382 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1383 break; 1384 default: 1385 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1386 icp->icmp_code); 1387 break; 1388 } 1389 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1390 break; 1391 1392 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1393 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1394 return 0; 1395 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1396 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1397 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1398 break; 1399 1400 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1401 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1402 return 0; 1403 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1404 break; 1405 1406 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1407 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1408 return 0; 1409 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1410 break; 1411 1412 case ICMP_IREQ: 1413 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1414 return 0; 1415 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1416 break; 1417 1418 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1419 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1420 return 0; 1421 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1422 break; 1423 1424 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1425 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1426 return 0; 1427 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1428 break; 1429 1430 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1431 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1432 return 0; 1433 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1434 break; 1435 1436 default: 1437 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1438 return 0; 1439 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1440 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1441 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1442 } 1443 1444 return 1; 1445 } 1446 1447 1448 /* 1449 * Print an IP header with options. 1450 */ 1451 static void 1452 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1453 int cc) 1454 { 1455 int hlen; 1456 u_char *cp; 1457 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1458 1459 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1460 1461 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1462 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1463 1464 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1465 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1466 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1467 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1468 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1469 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1470 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1471 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1472 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1473 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1474 /* dump any option bytes */ 1475 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1476 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1477 } 1478 } 1479 1480 /* 1481 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1482 */ 1483 static void 1484 pr_saddr(char *pat, 1485 u_char *cp) 1486 { 1487 n_long l; 1488 struct in_addr addr; 1489 1490 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1491 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1492 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1493 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1494 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1495 (void)printf(pat, (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1496 } 1497 1498 1499 /* 1500 * Return an ASCII host address 1501 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1502 */ 1503 static char * 1504 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1505 { 1506 struct hostent *hp; 1507 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1508 1509 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1510 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1511 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1512 } else { 1513 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1514 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1515 } 1516 1517 return buf; 1518 } 1519 1520 /* 1521 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1522 */ 1523 static void 1524 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1525 int cc) 1526 { 1527 int hlen; 1528 u_char *cp; 1529 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1530 1531 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1532 1533 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1534 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1535 1536 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1537 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1538 1539 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1540 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1541 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1542 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1543 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1544 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1545 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1546 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1547 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1548 struct icmp icp2; 1549 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1550 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1551 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1552 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1553 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_id), 1554 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1555 else 1556 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1557 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1558 } 1559 } 1560 } 1561 1562 static void 1563 fill(void) 1564 { 1565 int i, j, k; 1566 char *cp; 1567 int pat[16]; 1568 1569 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1570 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 1571 break; 1572 } 1573 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1574 (void)fflush(stdout); 1575 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1576 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1577 fill_pat); 1578 } 1579 1580 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1581 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1582 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1583 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1584 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1585 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1586 1587 for (k=PHDR_LEN, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1588 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1589 if (++j >= i) 1590 j = 0; 1591 } 1592 1593 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1594 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1595 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1596 (void)printf("%02x", 1597 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+j]); 1598 (void)printf("\n"); 1599 } 1600 1601 } 1602 1603 1604 static void 1605 rnd_fill(void) 1606 { 1607 static u_int32_t rnd; 1608 int i; 1609 1610 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) { 1611 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1612 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1613 } 1614 } 1615 1616 1617 static void 1618 gethost(const char *arg, 1619 const char *name, 1620 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1621 char *realname, 1622 int realname_len) 1623 { 1624 struct hostent *hp; 1625 1626 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1627 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1628 1629 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1630 * have something nice to display. 1631 */ 1632 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1633 if (realname) { 1634 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1635 hp = 0; 1636 else 1637 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1638 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1639 AF_INET); 1640 (void)strncpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1641 realname_len); 1642 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1643 } 1644 return; 1645 } 1646 1647 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1648 if (!hp) 1649 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1650 1651 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1652 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1653 1654 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1655 1656 if (realname) { 1657 (void)strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1658 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1659 } 1660 } 1661 1662 1663 static void 1664 usage(void) 1665 { 1666 1667 (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: \n" 1668 "%s [-dDfLnoPqQrRv] [-c count] [-g gateway] [-h host]" 1669 " [-i interval] [-I addr]\n" 1670 " [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s size] [-t tos] [-T ttl]" 1671 " [-w maxwait] host\n", 1672 __progname); 1673 exit(1); 1674 } 1675
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025