ping.c revision 1.49
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.49 1999/06/19 19:15:22 sommerfeld Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 39 /* 40 * P I N G . C 41 * 42 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 43 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 44 * 45 * Author - 46 * Mike Muuss 47 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 48 * December, 1983 49 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 50 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 51 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 52 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 53 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 54 * 55 * Status - 56 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 57 * 58 * Bugs - 59 * More statistics could always be gathered. 60 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 61 */ 62 63 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 64 #ifndef lint 65 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.49 1999/06/19 19:15:22 sommerfeld Exp $"); 66 #endif 67 68 #include <stdio.h> 69 #include <errno.h> 70 #include <sys/time.h> 71 #include <sys/types.h> 72 #include <sys/signal.h> 73 #include <sys/param.h> 74 #include <sys/socket.h> 75 #include <sys/file.h> 76 #include <termios.h> 77 #include <stdlib.h> 78 #include <unistd.h> 79 #include <limits.h> 80 #include <math.h> 81 #include <string.h> 82 #include <err.h> 83 #ifdef sgi 84 #include <bstring.h> 85 #include <getopt.h> 86 #include <sys/prctl.h> 87 #ifndef PRE_KUDZU 88 #include <cap_net.h> 89 #else 90 #define cap_socket socket 91 #endif 92 #else 93 #define cap_socket socket 94 #include <err.h> 95 #endif 96 97 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 98 #include <netinet/in.h> 99 #include <netinet/ip.h> 100 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 101 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 102 #include <arpa/inet.h> 103 #include <ctype.h> 104 #include <netdb.h> 105 106 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 107 #define MAXPACKET (65536-60-8) /* max packet size */ 108 109 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 110 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 111 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 112 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 113 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 114 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 115 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 116 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 117 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 118 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 119 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 120 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 121 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 122 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 123 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 124 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x8000 /* audible output */ 125 126 127 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 128 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 129 * for duplicates. 130 */ 131 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 132 u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 133 int nrepeats = 0; 134 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 135 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 136 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 137 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 138 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 139 140 141 142 u_char *packet; 143 int packlen; 144 int pingflags = 0, options; 145 char *fill_pat; 146 147 int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 148 149 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) /* size of timestamp header */ 150 struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 151 struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 152 struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 153 int datalen = 64-PHDR_LEN; /* How much data */ 154 155 #ifdef sgi 156 static char *__progname; 157 #else 158 extern char *__progname; 159 #endif 160 161 162 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 163 164 static struct { 165 struct ip o_ip; 166 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 167 union { 168 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET]; 169 struct icmp u_icmp; 170 } o_u; 171 } out_pack; 172 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 173 struct ip *opack_ip; 174 175 char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 176 int optlen; 177 178 179 int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 180 int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 181 int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 182 int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 183 184 int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 185 186 double interval; /* interval between packets */ 187 struct timeval interval_tv; 188 double tmin = 999999999.0; 189 double tmax = 0.0; 190 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 191 double tsumsq = 0.0; 192 double maxwait = 0.0; 193 194 #ifdef SIGINFO 195 int reset_kerninfo; 196 #endif 197 198 int bufspace = 60*1024; 199 200 struct timeval now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 201 struct timeval last_rx, first_rx; 202 int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 203 204 static struct timeval jiggle_time; 205 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 206 207 static void doit(void); 208 static void prefinish(int); 209 static void prtsig(int); 210 static void finish(int); 211 static void summary(int); 212 static void pinger(void); 213 static void fill(void); 214 static void rnd_fill(void); 215 static double diffsec(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 216 static void timevaladd(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 217 static void sec_to_timeval(const double, struct timeval *); 218 static double timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *); 219 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 220 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, u_int); 221 static void pr_saddr(char *, u_char *); 222 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 223 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 224 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 225 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 226 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 227 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 228 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 229 static void usage(void); 230 231 232 int 233 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 234 { 235 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 236 long l; 237 u_char ttl = 0; 238 u_long tos = 0; 239 char *p; 240 #ifdef SIGINFO 241 struct termios ts; 242 #endif 243 244 245 #ifdef sgi 246 __progname = argv[0]; 247 #endif 248 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 249 "ac:dDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:")) != -1) { 250 switch (c) { 251 case 'a': 252 pingflags |= F_AUDIBLE; 253 break; 254 case 'c': 255 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 256 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 257 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 258 break; 259 case 'D': 260 pingflags |= F_DF; 261 break; 262 case 'd': 263 options |= SO_DEBUG; 264 break; 265 case 'f': 266 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 267 break; 268 case 'h': 269 hostind = optind-1; 270 break; 271 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 272 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 273 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 274 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 275 break; 276 case 'l': 277 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 278 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 279 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 280 optarg); 281 break; 282 case 'n': 283 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 284 break; 285 case 'o': 286 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 287 break; 288 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 289 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 290 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 291 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 292 fill_pat = optarg; 293 break; 294 case 'P': 295 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 296 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 297 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 298 break; 299 case 'q': 300 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 301 break; 302 case 'Q': 303 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 304 break; 305 case 'r': 306 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 307 break; 308 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 309 datalen = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 310 if (*p != '\0' || datalen <= 0) 311 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 312 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 313 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 314 break; 315 case 'v': 316 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 317 break; 318 case 'R': 319 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 320 break; 321 case 'L': 322 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 323 break; 324 case 't': 325 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 326 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 327 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 328 break; 329 case 'T': 330 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 331 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 332 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 333 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 334 break; 335 case 'I': 336 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 337 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 338 break; 339 case 'g': 340 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 341 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 342 break; 343 case 'w': 344 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 345 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 346 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 347 break; 348 default: 349 usage(); 350 break; 351 } 352 } 353 354 if (interval == 0) 355 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 356 #ifndef sgi 357 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && getuid()) 358 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 359 if (interval < 1.0 && getuid()) 360 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 361 if (preload > 0 && getuid()) 362 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 363 #endif 364 sec_to_timeval(interval, &interval_tv); 365 366 if ((pingflags & (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) == (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) 367 warnx("Sorry, no audible output for flood pings"); 368 369 if (npackets != 0) { 370 npackets += preload; 371 } else { 372 npackets = INT_MAX; 373 } 374 375 if (hostind == 0) { 376 if (optind != argc-1) 377 usage(); 378 else 379 hostind = optind; 380 } 381 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 382 usage(); 383 384 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 385 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 386 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 387 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 388 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 389 390 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 391 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127<<24)+1); 392 393 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time them? */ 394 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 395 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 396 if ((packet = (u_char *)malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 397 err(1, "Out of memory"); 398 399 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 400 fill(); 401 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 402 rnd_fill(); 403 } else { 404 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) 405 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 406 } 407 408 ident = htons(getpid()) & 0xFFFF; 409 410 if ((s = cap_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 411 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 412 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 413 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 414 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 415 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 416 } 417 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 418 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 419 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 420 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 421 } 422 423 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 424 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 425 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 426 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 427 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 428 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 429 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 430 } 431 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 432 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 433 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 434 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 435 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 436 } 437 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 438 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 439 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 440 - optlen); 441 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 442 443 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 444 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 445 446 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 447 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 448 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 449 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 450 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 451 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 452 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 453 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 454 455 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 456 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 457 u_char loop = 0; 458 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 459 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 460 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 461 } 462 463 if (ttl != 0 464 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 465 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 466 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 467 468 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 469 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 470 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 471 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 472 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 473 474 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 475 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 476 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 477 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 478 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 479 } 480 481 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 482 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 483 484 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 485 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 486 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 487 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 488 */ 489 while (0 > setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 490 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 491 if ((bufspace -= 4096) == 0) 492 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 493 } 494 495 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 496 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 497 */ 498 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 499 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 500 501 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 502 503 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 504 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 505 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 506 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 507 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 508 } 509 #endif 510 511 #ifdef SIGINFO 512 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 513 #else 514 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 515 #endif 516 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 517 518 /* fire off them quickies */ 519 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 520 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 521 pinger(); 522 } 523 524 doit(); 525 return 0; 526 } 527 528 529 static void 530 doit(void) 531 { 532 int cc; 533 struct sockaddr_in from; 534 int fromlen; 535 double sec, last, d_last; 536 struct timeval timeout; 537 fd_set fdmask; 538 539 540 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 541 if (maxwait != 0) { 542 last = timeval_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 543 d_last = 0; 544 } else { 545 last = 0; 546 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 547 } 548 549 FD_ZERO(&fdmask); 550 do { 551 (void)gettimeofday(&now,0); 552 553 if (last != 0) 554 d_last = last - timeval_to_sec(&now); 555 556 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 557 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 558 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 559 if (sec <= 0.0001 560 || (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 561 pinger(); 562 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 563 } 564 if (sec < 0.0) 565 sec = 0.0; 566 if (d_last < sec) 567 sec = d_last; 568 569 } else { 570 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 571 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 572 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 573 */ 574 sec = MAX(2*tmax,10*interval) - diffsec(&now,&last_tx); 575 if (d_last < sec) 576 sec = d_last; 577 if (sec <= 0) 578 break; 579 } 580 581 582 sec_to_timeval(sec, &timeout); 583 584 FD_SET(s, &fdmask); 585 cc = select(s+1, &fdmask, 0, 0, &timeout); 586 if (cc <= 0) { 587 if (cc < 0) { 588 if (errno == EINTR) 589 continue; 590 jiggle_flush(1); 591 err(1, "select"); 592 } 593 continue; 594 } 595 596 fromlen = sizeof(from); 597 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 598 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 599 &fromlen); 600 if (cc < 0) { 601 if (errno != EINTR) { 602 jiggle_flush(1); 603 warn("recvfrom"); 604 (void)fflush(stderr); 605 } 606 continue; 607 } 608 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 609 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 610 611 } while (nreceived < npackets 612 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 613 614 finish(0); 615 } 616 617 618 static void 619 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 620 { 621 int serrno = errno; 622 623 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 624 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 625 jiggle_direction = 1; 626 do { 627 (void)putchar('.'); 628 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 629 630 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 631 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 632 jiggle_direction = -1; 633 do { 634 (void)putchar('\b'); 635 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 636 } 637 638 if (nl) { 639 if (total_jiggled != 0) 640 (void)putchar('\n'); 641 total_jiggled = 0; 642 jiggle_direction = -1; 643 } 644 645 (void)fflush(stdout); 646 (void)fflush(stderr); 647 jiggle_time = now; 648 errno = serrno; 649 } 650 651 652 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 653 */ 654 static void 655 jiggle(int delta) 656 { 657 double dt; 658 659 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 660 return; 661 662 /* do not back up into messages */ 663 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 664 return; 665 666 jiggle_cnt += delta; 667 668 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 669 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 670 */ 671 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 672 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 673 jiggle_flush(0); 674 } 675 676 677 /* 678 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 679 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 680 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first PHDR_LEN bytes 681 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 682 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 683 */ 684 static void 685 pinger(void) 686 { 687 int i, cc, sw; 688 689 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 690 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_short)(ntransmitted)); 691 692 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 693 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 694 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 695 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 696 * black holes come and go. 697 */ 698 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 699 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 700 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 701 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 702 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, 703 PHDR_LEN); 704 sw = 0; 705 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 706 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 707 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 708 if (sendto(s, (char *) &opack_icmp, PHDR_LEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 709 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 710 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 711 /* 712 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 713 * mode because people get confused when they see 714 * this error when they are running in single user 715 * mode and they have not configured lo0 716 */ 717 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 718 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 719 } 720 sw = 1; 721 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 722 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 723 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 724 725 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 726 } 727 728 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 729 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 730 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 731 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 732 cc = datalen+PHDR_LEN; 733 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 734 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, cc); 735 736 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 737 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 738 i = sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 739 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 740 if (i != cc) { 741 jiggle_flush(1); 742 if (i < 0) 743 warn("sendto"); 744 else 745 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 746 (void)fflush(stderr); 747 } 748 lastrcvd = 0; 749 750 CLR(ntransmitted); 751 ntransmitted++; 752 753 last_tx = now; 754 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 755 first_tx = now; 756 next_tx = now; 757 } 758 759 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 760 * second when going at one packet per second. 761 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 762 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 763 */ 764 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 765 do { 766 timevaladd(&next_tx, &interval_tv); 767 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 768 } 769 770 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 771 jiggle(1); 772 773 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 774 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 775 */ 776 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 777 rnd_fill(); 778 } 779 780 781 static void 782 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 783 char *addr, 784 int seqno, 785 int dupflag, 786 int ttl, 787 double triptime) 788 { 789 jiggle_flush(1); 790 791 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 792 return; 793 794 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 795 if (dupflag) 796 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 797 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 798 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 799 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 800 801 /* 802 * Send beep to stderr, since that's more likely than stdout 803 * to go to a terminal.. 804 */ 805 if (pingflags & F_AUDIBLE && !dupflag) 806 (void)fprintf(stderr,"\a"); 807 } 808 809 810 /* 811 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 812 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 813 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 814 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 815 */ 816 static void 817 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 818 int tot_len, 819 struct sockaddr_in *from) 820 { 821 struct ip *ip; 822 struct icmp *icp; 823 int i, j, net_len; 824 u_char *cp; 825 static int old_rrlen; 826 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 827 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 828 double triptime = 0.0; 829 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 830 dumped = 1; \ 831 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 832 ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq), \ 833 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 834 835 /* Check the IP header */ 836 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 837 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 838 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 839 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 840 jiggle_flush(1); 841 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 842 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 843 } 844 return; 845 } 846 847 /* Now the ICMP part */ 848 dumped = 0; 849 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 850 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 851 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 852 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 853 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_short)(ntransmitted-1))) 854 lastrcvd = 1; 855 last_rx = now; 856 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 857 first_rx = last_rx; 858 nreceived++; 859 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 860 struct timeval tv; 861 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 862 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 863 tsum += triptime; 864 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 865 if (triptime < tmin) 866 tmin = triptime; 867 if (triptime > tmax) 868 tmax = triptime; 869 } 870 871 if (TST(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq))) { 872 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 873 dupflag=1; 874 } else { 875 SET(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq)); 876 } 877 878 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 879 PR_PACK_SUB(); 880 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 881 tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 882 } 883 884 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 885 return; 886 887 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 888 PR_PACK_SUB(); 889 890 /* check the data */ 891 if (datalen > PHDR_LEN 892 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 893 && memcmp(&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 894 &opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 895 datalen-PHDR_LEN)) { 896 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 897 if (icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i] 898 != opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i]) 899 break; 900 } 901 PR_PACK_SUB(); 902 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 903 " %#x but was %#x", 904 i, (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 905 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 906 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 907 if ((i%16) == PHDR_LEN) 908 (void)printf("\n\t"); 909 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 910 } 911 } 912 913 } else { 914 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 915 return; 916 dumped = 2; 917 } 918 919 /* Display any IP options */ 920 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 921 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 922 switch (*cp) { 923 case IPOPT_EOL: 924 hlen = 0; 925 break; 926 case IPOPT_LSRR: 927 hlen -= 2; 928 j = *++cp; 929 ++cp; 930 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 931 if (j <= 0) 932 continue; 933 if (dumped <= 1) { 934 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 935 hlen -= j; 936 cp += j; 937 break; 938 } 939 PR_PACK_SUB(); 940 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 941 for (;;) { 942 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 943 cp += 4; 944 hlen -= 4; 945 j -= 4; 946 if (j <= 0) 947 break; 948 (void)putchar('\n'); 949 } 950 break; 951 case IPOPT_RR: 952 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 953 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 954 hlen -= 2; 955 if (i > j) 956 i = j; 957 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 958 if (i <= 0) 959 continue; 960 if (dumped <= 1) { 961 if (i == old_rrlen 962 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 963 if (dumped) 964 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 965 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 966 hlen -= j; 967 cp += j; 968 break; 969 } 970 old_rrlen = i; 971 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 972 } 973 if (!dumped) { 974 jiggle_flush(1); 975 (void)printf("RR: "); 976 dumped = 1; 977 } else { 978 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 979 } 980 for (;;) { 981 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 982 cp += 4; 983 hlen -= 4; 984 i -= 4; 985 if (i <= 0) 986 break; 987 (void)putchar('\n'); 988 } 989 break; 990 case IPOPT_NOP: 991 if (dumped <= 1) 992 break; 993 PR_PACK_SUB(); 994 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 995 break; 996 #ifdef sgi 997 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 998 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 999 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 1000 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 1001 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 1002 hlen -= i - 1; 1003 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1004 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 1005 while (i--) { 1006 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 1007 } 1008 cp--; 1009 break; 1010 } 1011 #endif 1012 default: 1013 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1014 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 1015 break; 1016 } 1017 hlen--; 1018 cp++; 1019 } 1020 1021 if (dumped) { 1022 (void)putchar('\n'); 1023 (void)fflush(stdout); 1024 } else { 1025 jiggle(-1); 1026 } 1027 } 1028 1029 1030 /* Compute the IP checksum 1031 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1032 */ 1033 static u_short 1034 in_cksum(u_short *p, 1035 u_int len) 1036 { 1037 u_int sum = 0; 1038 int nwords = len >> 1; 1039 1040 while (nwords-- != 0) 1041 sum += *p++; 1042 1043 if (len & 1) { 1044 union { 1045 u_short w; 1046 u_char c[2]; 1047 } u; 1048 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1049 u.c[1] = 0; 1050 sum += u.w; 1051 } 1052 1053 /* end-around-carry */ 1054 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1055 sum += (sum >> 16); 1056 return (~sum); 1057 } 1058 1059 1060 /* 1061 * compute the difference of two timevals in seconds 1062 */ 1063 static double 1064 diffsec(struct timeval *now, 1065 struct timeval *then) 1066 { 1067 return ((now->tv_sec - then->tv_sec)*1.0 1068 + (now->tv_usec - then->tv_usec)/1000000.0); 1069 } 1070 1071 1072 static void 1073 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, 1074 struct timeval *t2) 1075 { 1076 1077 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1078 if ((t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec) >= 1000000) { 1079 t1->tv_sec++; 1080 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000; 1081 } 1082 } 1083 1084 1085 static void 1086 sec_to_timeval(const double sec, struct timeval *tp) 1087 { 1088 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1089 tp->tv_usec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000.0; 1090 } 1091 1092 1093 static double 1094 timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *tp) 1095 { 1096 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_usec / 1000000.0; 1097 } 1098 1099 1100 /* 1101 * Print statistics. 1102 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1103 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1104 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1105 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1106 */ 1107 static void 1108 summary(int header) 1109 { 1110 jiggle_flush(1); 1111 1112 if (header) 1113 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1114 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1115 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1116 if (nrepeats) 1117 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1118 if (ntransmitted) { 1119 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1120 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1121 else 1122 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1123 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1124 ntransmitted)); 1125 } 1126 (void)printf("\n"); 1127 if (nreceived && (pingflags & F_TIMING)) { 1128 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1129 double avg = (tsum / n); 1130 double variance = 0.0; 1131 if (n>1) 1132 variance = (tsumsq - n*avg*avg) /(n-1); 1133 1134 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1135 "%.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1136 tmin * 1000.0, avg * 1000.0, 1137 tmax * 1000.0, sqrt(variance) * 1000.0); 1138 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1139 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1140 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1141 if (r == 0) 1142 r = 0.0001; 1143 if (t == 0) 1144 t = 0.0001; 1145 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1146 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1147 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1148 } 1149 } 1150 } 1151 1152 1153 /* 1154 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1155 */ 1156 /* ARGSUSED */ 1157 static void 1158 prtsig(int s) 1159 { 1160 summary(0); 1161 #ifdef SIGINFO 1162 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 1163 #else 1164 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1165 #endif 1166 } 1167 1168 1169 /* 1170 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1171 */ 1172 static void 1173 prefinish(int s) 1174 { 1175 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1176 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1177 finish(0); 1178 1179 (void)signal(s, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1180 1181 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1182 npackets = ntransmitted; 1183 } 1184 1185 1186 /* 1187 * Print statistics and give up. 1188 */ 1189 /* ARGSUSED */ 1190 static void 1191 finish(int s) 1192 { 1193 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 1194 struct termios ts; 1195 1196 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 1197 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 1198 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 1199 } 1200 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 1201 #else 1202 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1203 #endif 1204 1205 summary(1); 1206 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1207 } 1208 1209 1210 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1211 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1212 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1213 int cc, 1214 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1215 { 1216 int hlen; 1217 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1218 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1219 int res; 1220 1221 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1222 res = 1; 1223 jiggle_flush(1); 1224 } else { 1225 res = 0; 1226 } 1227 1228 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1229 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1230 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1231 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1232 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1233 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1234 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1235 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1236 * of our packets. 1237 */ 1238 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1239 1240 if (!res && override 1241 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1242 jiggle_flush(1); 1243 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1244 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1245 res = 1; 1246 } 1247 } 1248 } 1249 1250 return res; 1251 } 1252 1253 1254 /* 1255 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1256 */ 1257 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1258 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1259 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1260 int cc) 1261 { 1262 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1263 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1264 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1265 return 0; 1266 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1267 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1268 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1269 break; 1270 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1271 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1272 break; 1273 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1274 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1275 break; 1276 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1277 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1278 break; 1279 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1280 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1281 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1282 break; 1283 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1284 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1285 break; 1286 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1287 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1288 break; 1289 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1290 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1291 break; 1292 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1293 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1294 break; 1295 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1296 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1297 break; 1298 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1299 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1300 break; 1301 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1302 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1303 break; 1304 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1305 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1306 break; 1307 case 13: 1308 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1309 break; 1310 case 14: 1311 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1312 break; 1313 case 15: 1314 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1315 break; 1316 default: 1317 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1318 icp->icmp_code); 1319 break; 1320 } 1321 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1322 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1323 break; 1324 1325 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1326 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1327 return 0; 1328 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1329 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1330 break; 1331 1332 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1333 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1334 return 0; 1335 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1336 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1337 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1338 break; 1339 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1340 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1341 break; 1342 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1343 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1344 break; 1345 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1346 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1347 break; 1348 default: 1349 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1350 break; 1351 } 1352 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1353 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1354 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1355 break; 1356 1357 case ICMP_ECHO: 1358 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1359 return 0; 1360 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1361 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1362 break; 1363 1364 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1365 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1366 #if 0 1367 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1368 return 0; 1369 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1370 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1371 break; 1372 #else 1373 return 0; 1374 #endif 1375 1376 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1377 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1378 return 0; 1379 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1380 break; 1381 1382 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1383 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1384 return 0; 1385 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1386 break; 1387 1388 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1389 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1390 return 0; 1391 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1392 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1393 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1394 break; 1395 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1396 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1397 break; 1398 default: 1399 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1400 icp->icmp_code); 1401 break; 1402 } 1403 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1404 break; 1405 1406 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1407 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1408 return 0; 1409 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1410 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1411 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1412 break; 1413 1414 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1415 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1416 return 0; 1417 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1418 break; 1419 1420 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1421 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1422 return 0; 1423 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1424 break; 1425 1426 case ICMP_IREQ: 1427 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1428 return 0; 1429 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1430 break; 1431 1432 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1433 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1434 return 0; 1435 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1436 break; 1437 1438 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1439 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1440 return 0; 1441 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1442 break; 1443 1444 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1445 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1446 return 0; 1447 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1448 break; 1449 1450 default: 1451 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1452 return 0; 1453 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1454 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1455 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1456 } 1457 1458 return 1; 1459 } 1460 1461 1462 /* 1463 * Print an IP header with options. 1464 */ 1465 static void 1466 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1467 int cc) 1468 { 1469 int hlen; 1470 u_char *cp; 1471 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1472 1473 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1474 1475 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1476 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1477 1478 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1479 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1480 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1481 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1482 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1483 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1484 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1485 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1486 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1487 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1488 /* dump any option bytes */ 1489 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1490 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1491 } 1492 } 1493 1494 /* 1495 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1496 */ 1497 static void 1498 pr_saddr(char *pat, 1499 u_char *cp) 1500 { 1501 n_long l; 1502 struct in_addr addr; 1503 1504 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1505 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1506 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1507 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1508 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1509 (void)printf(pat, (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1510 } 1511 1512 1513 /* 1514 * Return an ASCII host address 1515 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1516 */ 1517 static char * 1518 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1519 { 1520 struct hostent *hp; 1521 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1522 1523 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1524 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1525 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1526 } else { 1527 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1528 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1529 } 1530 1531 return buf; 1532 } 1533 1534 /* 1535 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1536 */ 1537 static void 1538 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1539 int cc) 1540 { 1541 int hlen; 1542 u_char *cp; 1543 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1544 1545 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1546 1547 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1548 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1549 1550 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1551 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1552 1553 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1554 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1555 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1556 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1557 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1558 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1559 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1560 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1561 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1562 struct icmp icp2; 1563 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1564 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1565 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1566 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1567 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_id), 1568 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1569 else 1570 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1571 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1572 } 1573 } 1574 } 1575 1576 static void 1577 fill(void) 1578 { 1579 int i, j, k; 1580 char *cp; 1581 int pat[16]; 1582 1583 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1584 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 1585 break; 1586 } 1587 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1588 (void)fflush(stdout); 1589 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1590 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1591 fill_pat); 1592 } 1593 1594 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1595 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1596 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1597 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1598 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1599 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1600 1601 for (k=PHDR_LEN, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1602 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1603 if (++j >= i) 1604 j = 0; 1605 } 1606 1607 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1608 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1609 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1610 (void)printf("%02x", 1611 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+j]); 1612 (void)printf("\n"); 1613 } 1614 1615 } 1616 1617 1618 static void 1619 rnd_fill(void) 1620 { 1621 static u_int32_t rnd; 1622 int i; 1623 1624 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) { 1625 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1626 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1627 } 1628 } 1629 1630 1631 static void 1632 gethost(const char *arg, 1633 const char *name, 1634 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1635 char *realname, 1636 int realname_len) 1637 { 1638 struct hostent *hp; 1639 1640 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1641 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1642 1643 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1644 * have something nice to display. 1645 */ 1646 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1647 if (realname) { 1648 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1649 hp = 0; 1650 else 1651 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1652 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1653 AF_INET); 1654 (void)strncpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1655 realname_len); 1656 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1657 } 1658 return; 1659 } 1660 1661 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1662 if (!hp) 1663 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1664 1665 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1666 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1667 1668 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1669 1670 if (realname) { 1671 (void)strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1672 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1673 } 1674 } 1675 1676 1677 static void 1678 usage(void) 1679 { 1680 1681 (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: \n" 1682 "%s [-dDfLnoPqQrRv] [-c count] [-g gateway] [-h host]" 1683 " [-i interval] [-I addr]\n" 1684 " [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s size] [-t tos] [-T ttl]" 1685 " [-w maxwait] host\n", 1686 __progname); 1687 exit(1); 1688 } 1689
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025