ping.c revision 1.58
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.58 2001/01/12 18:50:57 itojun Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 39 /* 40 * P I N G . C 41 * 42 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 43 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 44 * 45 * Author - 46 * Mike Muuss 47 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 48 * December, 1983 49 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 50 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 51 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 52 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 53 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 54 * 55 * Status - 56 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 57 * 58 * Bugs - 59 * More statistics could always be gathered. 60 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 61 */ 62 63 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 64 #ifndef lint 65 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.58 2001/01/12 18:50:57 itojun Exp $"); 66 #endif 67 68 #include <stdio.h> 69 #include <errno.h> 70 #include <sys/time.h> 71 #include <sys/types.h> 72 #include <sys/signal.h> 73 #include <sys/param.h> 74 #include <sys/socket.h> 75 #include <sys/file.h> 76 #include <termios.h> 77 #include <stdlib.h> 78 #include <unistd.h> 79 #include <limits.h> 80 #include <math.h> 81 #include <string.h> 82 #include <err.h> 83 #ifdef sgi 84 #include <bstring.h> 85 #include <getopt.h> 86 #include <sys/prctl.h> 87 #ifndef PRE_KUDZU 88 #include <cap_net.h> 89 #else 90 #define cap_socket socket 91 #endif 92 #else 93 #define cap_socket socket 94 #include <err.h> 95 #endif 96 97 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 98 #include <netinet/in.h> 99 #include <netinet/ip.h> 100 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 101 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 102 #include <arpa/inet.h> 103 #include <ctype.h> 104 #include <netdb.h> 105 106 #ifdef IPSEC 107 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h> 108 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 109 110 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 111 #define MAXPACKET (65536-60-8) /* max packet size */ 112 113 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 114 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 115 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 116 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 117 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 118 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 119 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 120 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 121 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 122 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 123 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 124 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 125 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 126 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 127 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 128 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x8000 /* audible output */ 129 #ifdef IPSEC 130 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 131 #define F_POLICY 0x10000 132 #else 133 #define F_AUTHHDR 0x10000 134 #define F_ENCRYPT 0x20000 135 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 136 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 137 138 139 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 140 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 141 * for duplicates. 142 */ 143 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 144 u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 145 int nrepeats = 0; 146 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 147 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 148 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 149 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 150 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 151 152 153 154 u_char *packet; 155 int packlen; 156 int pingflags = 0, options; 157 char *fill_pat; 158 159 int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 160 int sloop; /* Socket file descriptor/loopback */ 161 162 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) /* size of timestamp header */ 163 struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 164 struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 165 struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 166 int datalen = 64-PHDR_LEN; /* How much data */ 167 168 #ifdef sgi 169 static char *__progname; 170 #else 171 extern char *__progname; 172 #endif 173 174 175 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 176 177 static struct { 178 struct ip o_ip; 179 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 180 union { 181 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET]; 182 struct icmp u_icmp; 183 } o_u; 184 } out_pack; 185 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 186 struct ip *opack_ip; 187 188 char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 189 int optlen; 190 191 192 int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 193 int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 194 int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 195 int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 196 197 int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 198 199 double interval; /* interval between packets */ 200 struct timeval interval_tv; 201 double tmin = 999999999.0; 202 double tmax = 0.0; 203 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 204 double tsumsq = 0.0; 205 double maxwait = 0.0; 206 207 #ifdef SIGINFO 208 int reset_kerninfo; 209 #endif 210 211 int bufspace = 60*1024; 212 213 struct timeval now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 214 struct timeval last_rx, first_rx; 215 int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 216 217 static struct timeval jiggle_time; 218 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 219 220 static void doit(void); 221 static void prefinish(int); 222 static void prtsig(int); 223 static void finish(int); 224 static void summary(int); 225 static void pinger(void); 226 static void fill(void); 227 static void rnd_fill(void); 228 static double diffsec(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 229 static void timevaladd(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 230 static void sec_to_timeval(const double, struct timeval *); 231 static double timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *); 232 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 233 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, u_int); 234 static void pr_saddr(u_char *); 235 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 236 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 237 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 238 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 239 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 240 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 241 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 242 static void usage(void); 243 244 245 int 246 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 247 { 248 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 249 long l; 250 u_char ttl = 0; 251 u_long tos = 0; 252 char *p; 253 #ifdef SIGINFO 254 struct termios ts; 255 #endif 256 #ifdef IPSEC 257 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 258 char *policy_in = NULL; 259 char *policy_out = NULL; 260 #endif 261 #endif 262 263 264 #ifdef sgi 265 __progname = argv[0]; 266 #endif 267 #ifndef IPSEC 268 #define IPSECOPT 269 #else 270 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 271 #define IPSECOPT "E:" 272 #else 273 #define IPSECOPT "AE" 274 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 275 #endif 276 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 277 "ac:dDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:" IPSECOPT)) != -1) { 278 #undef IPSECOPT 279 switch (c) { 280 case 'a': 281 pingflags |= F_AUDIBLE; 282 break; 283 case 'c': 284 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 285 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 286 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 287 break; 288 case 'D': 289 pingflags |= F_DF; 290 break; 291 case 'd': 292 options |= SO_DEBUG; 293 break; 294 case 'f': 295 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 296 break; 297 case 'h': 298 hostind = optind-1; 299 break; 300 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 301 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 302 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 303 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 304 break; 305 case 'l': 306 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 307 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 308 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 309 optarg); 310 break; 311 case 'n': 312 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 313 break; 314 case 'o': 315 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 316 break; 317 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 318 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 319 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 320 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 321 fill_pat = optarg; 322 break; 323 case 'P': 324 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 325 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 326 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 327 break; 328 case 'q': 329 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 330 break; 331 case 'Q': 332 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 333 break; 334 case 'r': 335 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 336 break; 337 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 338 datalen = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 339 if (*p != '\0' || datalen <= 0) 340 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 341 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 342 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 343 break; 344 case 'v': 345 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 346 break; 347 case 'R': 348 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 349 break; 350 case 'L': 351 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 352 break; 353 case 't': 354 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 355 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 356 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 357 break; 358 case 'T': 359 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 360 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 361 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 362 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 363 break; 364 case 'I': 365 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 366 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 367 break; 368 case 'g': 369 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 370 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 371 break; 372 case 'w': 373 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 374 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 375 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 376 break; 377 #ifdef IPSEC 378 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 379 case 'E': 380 pingflags |= F_POLICY; 381 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) 382 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 383 else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) 384 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 385 else 386 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 387 break; 388 #else 389 case 'A': 390 pingflags |= F_AUTHHDR; 391 break; 392 case 'E': 393 pingflags |= F_ENCRYPT; 394 break; 395 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 396 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 397 default: 398 usage(); 399 break; 400 } 401 } 402 403 if (interval == 0) 404 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 405 #ifndef sgi 406 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && getuid()) 407 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 408 if (interval < 1.0 && getuid()) 409 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 410 if (preload > 0 && getuid()) 411 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 412 #endif 413 sec_to_timeval(interval, &interval_tv); 414 415 if ((pingflags & (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) == (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) 416 warnx("Sorry, no audible output for flood pings"); 417 418 if (npackets != 0) { 419 npackets += preload; 420 } else { 421 npackets = INT_MAX; 422 } 423 424 if (hostind == 0) { 425 if (optind != argc-1) 426 usage(); 427 else 428 hostind = optind; 429 } 430 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 431 usage(); 432 433 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 434 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 435 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 436 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 437 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 438 439 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 440 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127<<24)+1); 441 442 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time them? */ 443 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 444 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 445 if ((packet = (u_char *)malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 446 err(1, "Out of memory"); 447 448 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 449 fill(); 450 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 451 rnd_fill(); 452 } else { 453 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) 454 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 455 } 456 457 ident = htons(getpid()) & 0xFFFF; 458 459 if ((s = cap_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 460 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 461 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 462 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 463 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 464 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 465 } 466 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 467 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 468 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 469 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 470 } 471 472 if ((sloop = cap_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 473 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 474 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 475 if (setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 476 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 477 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 478 } 479 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 480 if (setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 481 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 482 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 483 } 484 485 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 486 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 487 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 488 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 489 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 490 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 491 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 492 } 493 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 494 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 495 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 496 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 497 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 498 } 499 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 500 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 501 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 502 - optlen); 503 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 504 505 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 506 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 507 508 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 509 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 510 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 511 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 512 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 513 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 514 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 515 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 516 517 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 518 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 519 u_char loop = 0; 520 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 521 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 522 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 523 } 524 525 if (ttl != 0 526 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 527 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 528 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 529 530 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 531 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 532 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 533 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 534 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 535 536 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 537 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 538 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 539 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 540 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 541 } 542 #ifdef IPSEC 543 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 544 { 545 char *buf; 546 if (pingflags & F_POLICY) { 547 if (policy_in != NULL) { 548 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 549 if (buf == NULL) 550 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 551 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 552 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 553 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 554 } 555 free(buf); 556 } 557 if (policy_out != NULL) { 558 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 559 if (buf == NULL) 560 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 561 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 562 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 563 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 564 } 565 free(buf); 566 } 567 } 568 buf = ipsec_set_policy("out bypass", strlen("out bypass")); 569 if (buf == NULL) 570 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 571 if (setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 572 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 573 #if 0 574 warnx("ipsec is not configured"); 575 #else 576 /* ignore it, should be okay */ 577 #endif 578 } 579 free(buf); 580 } 581 #else 582 { 583 int optval; 584 if (pingflags & F_AUTHHDR) { 585 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 586 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 587 (void)setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 588 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 589 #else 590 (void)setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 591 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 592 #endif 593 } 594 if (pingflags & F_ENCRYPT) { 595 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 596 (void)setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 597 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 598 } 599 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_BYPASS; 600 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 601 (void)setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 602 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 603 #else 604 (void)setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 605 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 606 #endif 607 (void)setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 608 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 609 } 610 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 611 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 612 613 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 614 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 615 616 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 617 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 618 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 619 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 620 */ 621 while (0 > setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 622 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 623 if ((bufspace -= 4096) == 0) 624 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 625 } 626 627 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 628 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 629 */ 630 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 631 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 632 633 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 634 635 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 636 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 637 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 638 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 639 tcsetattr (STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts); 640 } 641 #endif 642 643 #ifdef SIGINFO 644 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 645 #else 646 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 647 #endif 648 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 649 650 /* fire off them quickies */ 651 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 652 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 653 pinger(); 654 } 655 656 doit(); 657 return 0; 658 } 659 660 661 static void 662 doit(void) 663 { 664 int cc; 665 struct sockaddr_in from; 666 int fromlen; 667 double sec, last, d_last; 668 struct timeval timeout; 669 fd_set *fdmaskp; 670 size_t nfdmask; 671 672 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 673 if (maxwait != 0) { 674 last = timeval_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 675 d_last = 0; 676 } else { 677 last = 0; 678 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 679 } 680 681 nfdmask = howmany(s + 1, NFDBITS) * sizeof(fd_mask); 682 if ((fdmaskp = malloc(nfdmask)) == NULL) 683 err(1, "malloc"); 684 memset(fdmaskp, 0, nfdmask); 685 do { 686 (void)gettimeofday(&now,0); 687 688 if (last != 0) 689 d_last = last - timeval_to_sec(&now); 690 691 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 692 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 693 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 694 if (sec <= 0.0001 695 || (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 696 pinger(); 697 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 698 } 699 if (sec < 0.0) 700 sec = 0.0; 701 if (d_last < sec) 702 sec = d_last; 703 704 } else { 705 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 706 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 707 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 708 */ 709 sec = MAX(2*tmax,10*interval) - diffsec(&now,&last_tx); 710 if (d_last < sec) 711 sec = d_last; 712 if (sec <= 0) 713 break; 714 } 715 716 717 sec_to_timeval(sec, &timeout); 718 719 FD_SET(s, fdmaskp); 720 cc = select(s+1, fdmaskp, 0, 0, &timeout); 721 if (cc <= 0) { 722 if (cc < 0) { 723 if (errno == EINTR) 724 continue; 725 jiggle_flush(1); 726 err(1, "select"); 727 } 728 continue; 729 } 730 731 fromlen = sizeof(from); 732 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 733 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 734 &fromlen); 735 if (cc < 0) { 736 if (errno != EINTR) { 737 jiggle_flush(1); 738 warn("recvfrom"); 739 (void)fflush(stderr); 740 } 741 continue; 742 } 743 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 744 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 745 746 } while (nreceived < npackets 747 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 748 free(fdmaskp); 749 750 finish(0); 751 } 752 753 754 static void 755 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 756 { 757 int serrno = errno; 758 759 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 760 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 761 jiggle_direction = 1; 762 do { 763 (void)putchar('.'); 764 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 765 766 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 767 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 768 jiggle_direction = -1; 769 do { 770 (void)putchar('\b'); 771 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 772 } 773 774 if (nl) { 775 if (total_jiggled != 0) 776 (void)putchar('\n'); 777 total_jiggled = 0; 778 jiggle_direction = -1; 779 } 780 781 (void)fflush(stdout); 782 (void)fflush(stderr); 783 jiggle_time = now; 784 errno = serrno; 785 } 786 787 788 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 789 */ 790 static void 791 jiggle(int delta) 792 { 793 double dt; 794 795 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 796 return; 797 798 /* do not back up into messages */ 799 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 800 return; 801 802 jiggle_cnt += delta; 803 804 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 805 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 806 */ 807 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 808 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 809 jiggle_flush(0); 810 } 811 812 813 /* 814 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 815 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 816 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first PHDR_LEN bytes 817 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 818 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 819 */ 820 static void 821 pinger(void) 822 { 823 int i, cc, sw; 824 825 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 826 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_short)(ntransmitted)); 827 828 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 829 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 830 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 831 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 832 * black holes come and go. 833 */ 834 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 835 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 836 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 837 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 838 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, 839 PHDR_LEN); 840 sw = 0; 841 if (setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 842 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 843 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 844 if (sendto(sloop, (char *) &opack_icmp, PHDR_LEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 845 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 846 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 847 /* 848 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 849 * mode because people get confused when they see 850 * this error when they are running in single user 851 * mode and they have not configured lo0 852 */ 853 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 854 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 855 } 856 sw = 1; 857 if (setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 858 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 859 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 860 861 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 862 } 863 864 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 865 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 866 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 867 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 868 cc = datalen+PHDR_LEN; 869 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 870 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, cc); 871 872 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 873 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 874 i = sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 875 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 876 if (i != cc) { 877 jiggle_flush(1); 878 if (i < 0) 879 warn("sendto"); 880 else 881 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 882 (void)fflush(stderr); 883 } 884 lastrcvd = 0; 885 886 CLR(ntransmitted); 887 ntransmitted++; 888 889 last_tx = now; 890 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 891 first_tx = now; 892 next_tx = now; 893 } 894 895 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 896 * second when going at one packet per second. 897 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 898 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 899 */ 900 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 901 do { 902 timevaladd(&next_tx, &interval_tv); 903 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 904 } 905 906 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 907 jiggle(1); 908 909 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 910 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 911 */ 912 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 913 rnd_fill(); 914 } 915 916 917 static void 918 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 919 char *addr, 920 int seqno, 921 int dupflag, 922 int ttl, 923 double triptime) 924 { 925 jiggle_flush(1); 926 927 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 928 return; 929 930 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 931 if (dupflag) 932 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 933 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 934 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 935 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 936 937 /* 938 * Send beep to stderr, since that's more likely than stdout 939 * to go to a terminal.. 940 */ 941 if (pingflags & F_AUDIBLE && !dupflag) 942 (void)fprintf(stderr,"\a"); 943 } 944 945 946 /* 947 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 948 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 949 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 950 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 951 */ 952 static void 953 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 954 int tot_len, 955 struct sockaddr_in *from) 956 { 957 struct ip *ip; 958 struct icmp *icp; 959 int i, j, net_len; 960 u_char *cp; 961 static int old_rrlen; 962 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 963 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 964 double triptime = 0.0; 965 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 966 dumped = 1; \ 967 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 968 ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq), \ 969 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 970 971 /* Check the IP header */ 972 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 973 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 974 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 975 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 976 jiggle_flush(1); 977 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 978 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 979 } 980 return; 981 } 982 983 /* Now the ICMP part */ 984 dumped = 0; 985 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 986 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 987 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 988 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 989 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_short)(ntransmitted-1))) 990 lastrcvd = 1; 991 last_rx = now; 992 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 993 first_rx = last_rx; 994 nreceived++; 995 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 996 struct timeval tv; 997 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 998 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 999 tsum += triptime; 1000 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 1001 if (triptime < tmin) 1002 tmin = triptime; 1003 if (triptime > tmax) 1004 tmax = triptime; 1005 } 1006 1007 if (TST(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq))) { 1008 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 1009 dupflag=1; 1010 } else { 1011 SET(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq)); 1012 } 1013 1014 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 1015 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1016 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 1017 tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 1018 } 1019 1020 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1021 return; 1022 1023 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 1024 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1025 1026 /* check the data */ 1027 if (datalen > PHDR_LEN 1028 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 1029 && memcmp(&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 1030 &opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 1031 datalen-PHDR_LEN)) { 1032 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 1033 if (icp->icmp_data[i] != 1034 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i]) 1035 break; 1036 } 1037 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1038 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 1039 " %#x but was %#x", i, 1040 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 1041 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1042 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 1043 if ((i%16) == PHDR_LEN) 1044 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1045 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1046 } 1047 } 1048 1049 } else { 1050 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 1051 return; 1052 dumped = 2; 1053 } 1054 1055 /* Display any IP options */ 1056 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1057 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1058 switch (*cp) { 1059 case IPOPT_EOL: 1060 hlen = 0; 1061 break; 1062 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1063 hlen -= 2; 1064 j = *++cp; 1065 ++cp; 1066 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1067 if (j <= 0) 1068 continue; 1069 if (dumped <= 1) { 1070 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 1071 hlen -= j; 1072 cp += j; 1073 break; 1074 } 1075 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1076 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 1077 for (;;) { 1078 pr_saddr(cp); 1079 cp += 4; 1080 hlen -= 4; 1081 j -= 4; 1082 if (j <= 0) 1083 break; 1084 (void)putchar('\n'); 1085 } 1086 break; 1087 case IPOPT_RR: 1088 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 1089 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 1090 hlen -= 2; 1091 if (i > j) 1092 i = j; 1093 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1094 if (i <= 0) 1095 continue; 1096 if (dumped <= 1) { 1097 if (i == old_rrlen 1098 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 1099 if (dumped) 1100 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1101 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 1102 hlen -= j; 1103 cp += j; 1104 break; 1105 } 1106 old_rrlen = i; 1107 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 1108 } 1109 if (!dumped) { 1110 jiggle_flush(1); 1111 (void)printf("RR: "); 1112 dumped = 1; 1113 } else { 1114 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1115 } 1116 for (;;) { 1117 pr_saddr(cp); 1118 cp += 4; 1119 hlen -= 4; 1120 i -= 4; 1121 if (i <= 0) 1122 break; 1123 (void)putchar('\n'); 1124 } 1125 break; 1126 case IPOPT_NOP: 1127 if (dumped <= 1) 1128 break; 1129 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1130 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1131 break; 1132 #ifdef sgi 1133 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 1134 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 1135 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 1136 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 1137 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 1138 hlen -= i - 1; 1139 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1140 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 1141 while (i--) { 1142 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 1143 } 1144 cp--; 1145 break; 1146 } 1147 #endif 1148 default: 1149 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1150 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 1151 break; 1152 } 1153 hlen--; 1154 cp++; 1155 } 1156 1157 if (dumped) { 1158 (void)putchar('\n'); 1159 (void)fflush(stdout); 1160 } else { 1161 jiggle(-1); 1162 } 1163 } 1164 1165 1166 /* Compute the IP checksum 1167 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1168 */ 1169 static u_short 1170 in_cksum(u_short *p, 1171 u_int len) 1172 { 1173 u_int sum = 0; 1174 int nwords = len >> 1; 1175 1176 while (nwords-- != 0) 1177 sum += *p++; 1178 1179 if (len & 1) { 1180 union { 1181 u_short w; 1182 u_char c[2]; 1183 } u; 1184 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1185 u.c[1] = 0; 1186 sum += u.w; 1187 } 1188 1189 /* end-around-carry */ 1190 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1191 sum += (sum >> 16); 1192 return (~sum); 1193 } 1194 1195 1196 /* 1197 * compute the difference of two timevals in seconds 1198 */ 1199 static double 1200 diffsec(struct timeval *now, 1201 struct timeval *then) 1202 { 1203 return ((now->tv_sec - then->tv_sec)*1.0 1204 + (now->tv_usec - then->tv_usec)/1000000.0); 1205 } 1206 1207 1208 static void 1209 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, 1210 struct timeval *t2) 1211 { 1212 1213 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1214 if ((t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec) >= 1000000) { 1215 t1->tv_sec++; 1216 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000; 1217 } 1218 } 1219 1220 1221 static void 1222 sec_to_timeval(const double sec, struct timeval *tp) 1223 { 1224 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1225 tp->tv_usec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000.0; 1226 } 1227 1228 1229 static double 1230 timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *tp) 1231 { 1232 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_usec / 1000000.0; 1233 } 1234 1235 1236 /* 1237 * Print statistics. 1238 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1239 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1240 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1241 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1242 */ 1243 static void 1244 summary(int header) 1245 { 1246 jiggle_flush(1); 1247 1248 if (header) 1249 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1250 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1251 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1252 if (nrepeats) 1253 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1254 if (ntransmitted) { 1255 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1256 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1257 else 1258 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1259 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1260 ntransmitted)); 1261 } 1262 (void)printf("\n"); 1263 if (nreceived && (pingflags & F_TIMING)) { 1264 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1265 double avg = (tsum / n); 1266 double variance = 0.0; 1267 if (n>1) 1268 variance = (tsumsq - n*avg*avg) /(n-1); 1269 1270 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1271 "%.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1272 tmin * 1000.0, avg * 1000.0, 1273 tmax * 1000.0, sqrt(variance) * 1000.0); 1274 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1275 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1276 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1277 if (r == 0) 1278 r = 0.0001; 1279 if (t == 0) 1280 t = 0.0001; 1281 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1282 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1283 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1284 } 1285 } 1286 } 1287 1288 1289 /* 1290 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1291 */ 1292 /* ARGSUSED */ 1293 static void 1294 prtsig(int s) 1295 { 1296 summary(0); 1297 #ifdef SIGINFO 1298 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 1299 #else 1300 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1301 #endif 1302 } 1303 1304 1305 /* 1306 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1307 */ 1308 static void 1309 prefinish(int s) 1310 { 1311 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1312 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1313 finish(0); 1314 1315 (void)signal(s, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1316 1317 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1318 npackets = ntransmitted; 1319 } 1320 1321 1322 /* 1323 * Print statistics and give up. 1324 */ 1325 /* ARGSUSED */ 1326 static void 1327 finish(int s) 1328 { 1329 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 1330 struct termios ts; 1331 1332 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 1333 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 1334 tcsetattr (STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts); 1335 } 1336 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 1337 #else 1338 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1339 #endif 1340 1341 summary(1); 1342 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1343 } 1344 1345 1346 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1347 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1348 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1349 int cc, 1350 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1351 { 1352 int hlen; 1353 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1354 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1355 int res; 1356 1357 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1358 res = 1; 1359 jiggle_flush(1); 1360 } else { 1361 res = 0; 1362 } 1363 1364 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1365 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1366 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1367 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1368 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1369 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1370 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1371 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1372 * of our packets. 1373 */ 1374 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1375 1376 if (!res && override 1377 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1378 jiggle_flush(1); 1379 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1380 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1381 res = 1; 1382 } 1383 } 1384 } 1385 1386 return res; 1387 } 1388 1389 1390 /* 1391 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1392 */ 1393 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1394 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1395 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1396 int cc) 1397 { 1398 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1399 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1400 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1401 return 0; 1402 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1403 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1404 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1405 break; 1406 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1407 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1408 break; 1409 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1410 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1411 break; 1412 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1413 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1414 break; 1415 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1416 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1417 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1418 break; 1419 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1420 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1421 break; 1422 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1423 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1424 break; 1425 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1426 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1427 break; 1428 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1429 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1430 break; 1431 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1432 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1433 break; 1434 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1435 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1436 break; 1437 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1438 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1439 break; 1440 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1441 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1442 break; 1443 case 13: 1444 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1445 break; 1446 case 14: 1447 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1448 break; 1449 case 15: 1450 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1451 break; 1452 default: 1453 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1454 icp->icmp_code); 1455 break; 1456 } 1457 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1458 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1459 break; 1460 1461 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1462 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1463 return 0; 1464 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1465 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1466 break; 1467 1468 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1469 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1470 return 0; 1471 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1472 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1473 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1474 break; 1475 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1476 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1477 break; 1478 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1479 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1480 break; 1481 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1482 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1483 break; 1484 default: 1485 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1486 break; 1487 } 1488 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1489 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1490 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1491 break; 1492 1493 case ICMP_ECHO: 1494 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1495 return 0; 1496 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1497 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1498 break; 1499 1500 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1501 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1502 #if 0 1503 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1504 return 0; 1505 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1506 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1507 break; 1508 #else 1509 return 0; 1510 #endif 1511 1512 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1513 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1514 return 0; 1515 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1516 break; 1517 1518 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1519 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1520 return 0; 1521 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1522 break; 1523 1524 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1525 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1526 return 0; 1527 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1528 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1529 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1530 break; 1531 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1532 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1533 break; 1534 default: 1535 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1536 icp->icmp_code); 1537 break; 1538 } 1539 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1540 break; 1541 1542 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1543 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1544 return 0; 1545 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1546 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1547 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1548 break; 1549 1550 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1551 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1552 return 0; 1553 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1554 break; 1555 1556 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1557 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1558 return 0; 1559 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1560 break; 1561 1562 case ICMP_IREQ: 1563 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1564 return 0; 1565 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1566 break; 1567 1568 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1569 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1570 return 0; 1571 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1572 break; 1573 1574 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1575 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1576 return 0; 1577 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1578 break; 1579 1580 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1581 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1582 return 0; 1583 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1584 break; 1585 1586 default: 1587 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1588 return 0; 1589 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1590 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1591 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1592 } 1593 1594 return 1; 1595 } 1596 1597 1598 /* 1599 * Print an IP header with options. 1600 */ 1601 static void 1602 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1603 int cc) 1604 { 1605 int hlen; 1606 u_char *cp; 1607 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1608 1609 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1610 1611 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1612 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1613 1614 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1615 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1616 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1617 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1618 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1619 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1620 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1621 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1622 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1623 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1624 /* dump any option bytes */ 1625 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1626 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1627 } 1628 } 1629 1630 /* 1631 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1632 */ 1633 static void 1634 pr_saddr(u_char *cp) 1635 { 1636 n_long l; 1637 struct in_addr addr; 1638 1639 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1640 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1641 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1642 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1643 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1644 (void)printf("\t%s", (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1645 } 1646 1647 1648 /* 1649 * Return an ASCII host address 1650 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1651 */ 1652 static char * 1653 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1654 { 1655 struct hostent *hp; 1656 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1657 1658 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1659 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1660 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1661 } else { 1662 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1663 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1664 } 1665 1666 return buf; 1667 } 1668 1669 /* 1670 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1671 */ 1672 static void 1673 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1674 int cc) 1675 { 1676 int hlen; 1677 u_char *cp; 1678 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1679 1680 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1681 1682 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1683 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1684 1685 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1686 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1687 1688 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1689 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1690 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1691 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1692 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1693 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1694 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1695 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1696 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1697 struct icmp icp2; 1698 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1699 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1700 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1701 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1702 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_id), 1703 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1704 else 1705 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1706 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1707 } 1708 } 1709 } 1710 1711 static void 1712 fill(void) 1713 { 1714 int i, j, k; 1715 char *cp; 1716 int pat[16]; 1717 1718 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1719 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 1720 break; 1721 } 1722 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1723 (void)fflush(stdout); 1724 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1725 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1726 fill_pat); 1727 } 1728 1729 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1730 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1731 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1732 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1733 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1734 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1735 1736 for (k=PHDR_LEN, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1737 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1738 if (++j >= i) 1739 j = 0; 1740 } 1741 1742 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1743 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1744 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1745 (void)printf("%02x", 1746 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+j]); 1747 (void)printf("\n"); 1748 } 1749 1750 } 1751 1752 1753 static void 1754 rnd_fill(void) 1755 { 1756 static u_int32_t rnd; 1757 int i; 1758 1759 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) { 1760 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1761 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1762 } 1763 } 1764 1765 1766 static void 1767 gethost(const char *arg, 1768 const char *name, 1769 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1770 char *realname, 1771 int realname_len) 1772 { 1773 struct hostent *hp; 1774 1775 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1776 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1777 1778 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1779 * have something nice to display. 1780 */ 1781 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1782 if (realname) { 1783 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1784 hp = 0; 1785 else 1786 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1787 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1788 AF_INET); 1789 (void)strncpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1790 realname_len); 1791 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1792 } 1793 return; 1794 } 1795 1796 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1797 if (!hp) 1798 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1799 1800 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1801 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1802 1803 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1804 1805 if (realname) { 1806 (void)strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1807 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1808 } 1809 } 1810 1811 1812 static void 1813 usage(void) 1814 { 1815 #ifdef IPSEC 1816 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 1817 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-E policy] " 1818 #else 1819 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-AE] " 1820 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 1821 #else 1822 #define IPSECOPT "" 1823 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 1824 1825 (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: \n" 1826 "%s [-dDfLnoPqQrRv] [-c count] [-g gateway] [-h host]" 1827 " [-i interval] [-I addr]\n" 1828 " [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s size] [-t tos] [-T ttl]" 1829 " [-w maxwait] " IPSECOPT "host\n", 1830 __progname); 1831 exit(1); 1832 } 1833
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025