ping.c revision 1.59
1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.59 2001/02/19 22:56:21 cgd Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 39 /* 40 * P I N G . C 41 * 42 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 43 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 44 * 45 * Author - 46 * Mike Muuss 47 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 48 * December, 1983 49 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 50 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 51 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 52 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 53 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 54 * 55 * Status - 56 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 57 * 58 * Bugs - 59 * More statistics could always be gathered. 60 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 61 */ 62 63 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 64 #ifndef lint 65 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.59 2001/02/19 22:56:21 cgd Exp $"); 66 #endif 67 68 #include <stdio.h> 69 #include <errno.h> 70 #include <sys/time.h> 71 #include <sys/types.h> 72 #include <sys/signal.h> 73 #include <sys/param.h> 74 #include <sys/socket.h> 75 #include <sys/file.h> 76 #include <termios.h> 77 #include <stdlib.h> 78 #include <unistd.h> 79 #include <limits.h> 80 #include <math.h> 81 #include <string.h> 82 #include <err.h> 83 #ifdef sgi 84 #include <bstring.h> 85 #include <getopt.h> 86 #include <sys/prctl.h> 87 #ifndef PRE_KUDZU 88 #include <cap_net.h> 89 #else 90 #define cap_socket socket 91 #endif 92 #else 93 #define cap_socket socket 94 #include <err.h> 95 #endif 96 97 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 98 #include <netinet/in.h> 99 #include <netinet/ip.h> 100 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 101 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 102 #include <arpa/inet.h> 103 #include <ctype.h> 104 #include <netdb.h> 105 106 #ifdef IPSEC 107 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h> 108 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 109 110 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 111 #define MAXPACKET (65536-60-8) /* max packet size */ 112 113 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 114 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 115 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 116 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 117 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 118 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 119 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 120 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 121 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 122 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 123 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 124 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 125 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 126 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 127 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 128 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x8000 /* audible output */ 129 #ifdef IPSEC 130 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 131 #define F_POLICY 0x10000 132 #else 133 #define F_AUTHHDR 0x10000 134 #define F_ENCRYPT 0x20000 135 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 136 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 137 138 139 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 140 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 141 * for duplicates. 142 */ 143 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 144 u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 145 int nrepeats = 0; 146 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 147 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 148 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 149 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 150 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 151 152 153 154 u_char *packet; 155 int packlen; 156 int pingflags = 0, options; 157 char *fill_pat; 158 159 int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 160 int sloop; /* Socket file descriptor/loopback */ 161 162 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) /* size of timestamp header */ 163 struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 164 struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 165 struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 166 int datalen = 64-PHDR_LEN; /* How much data */ 167 168 #ifndef __NetBSD__ 169 static char *progname; 170 #define getprogname() (progname) 171 #define setprogname(name) ((void)(progname = (name))) 172 #endif 173 174 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 175 176 static struct { 177 struct ip o_ip; 178 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 179 union { 180 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET]; 181 struct icmp u_icmp; 182 } o_u; 183 } out_pack; 184 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 185 struct ip *opack_ip; 186 187 char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 188 int optlen; 189 190 191 int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 192 int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 193 int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 194 int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 195 196 int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 197 198 double interval; /* interval between packets */ 199 struct timeval interval_tv; 200 double tmin = 999999999.0; 201 double tmax = 0.0; 202 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 203 double tsumsq = 0.0; 204 double maxwait = 0.0; 205 206 #ifdef SIGINFO 207 int reset_kerninfo; 208 #endif 209 210 int bufspace = 60*1024; 211 212 struct timeval now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 213 struct timeval last_rx, first_rx; 214 int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 215 216 static struct timeval jiggle_time; 217 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 218 219 static void doit(void); 220 static void prefinish(int); 221 static void prtsig(int); 222 static void finish(int); 223 static void summary(int); 224 static void pinger(void); 225 static void fill(void); 226 static void rnd_fill(void); 227 static double diffsec(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 228 static void timevaladd(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 229 static void sec_to_timeval(const double, struct timeval *); 230 static double timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *); 231 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 232 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, u_int); 233 static void pr_saddr(u_char *); 234 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 235 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 236 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 237 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 238 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 239 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 240 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 241 static void usage(void); 242 243 244 int 245 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 246 { 247 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 248 long l; 249 u_char ttl = 0; 250 u_long tos = 0; 251 char *p; 252 #ifdef SIGINFO 253 struct termios ts; 254 #endif 255 #ifdef IPSEC 256 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 257 char *policy_in = NULL; 258 char *policy_out = NULL; 259 #endif 260 #endif 261 262 263 setprogname(argv[0]); 264 265 #ifndef IPSEC 266 #define IPSECOPT 267 #else 268 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 269 #define IPSECOPT "E:" 270 #else 271 #define IPSECOPT "AE" 272 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 273 #endif 274 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 275 "ac:dDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:" IPSECOPT)) != -1) { 276 #undef IPSECOPT 277 switch (c) { 278 case 'a': 279 pingflags |= F_AUDIBLE; 280 break; 281 case 'c': 282 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 283 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 284 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 285 break; 286 case 'D': 287 pingflags |= F_DF; 288 break; 289 case 'd': 290 options |= SO_DEBUG; 291 break; 292 case 'f': 293 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 294 break; 295 case 'h': 296 hostind = optind-1; 297 break; 298 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 299 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 300 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 301 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 302 break; 303 case 'l': 304 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 305 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 306 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 307 optarg); 308 break; 309 case 'n': 310 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 311 break; 312 case 'o': 313 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 314 break; 315 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 316 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 317 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 318 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 319 fill_pat = optarg; 320 break; 321 case 'P': 322 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 323 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 324 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 325 break; 326 case 'q': 327 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 328 break; 329 case 'Q': 330 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 331 break; 332 case 'r': 333 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 334 break; 335 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 336 datalen = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 337 if (*p != '\0' || datalen <= 0) 338 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 339 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 340 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 341 break; 342 case 'v': 343 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 344 break; 345 case 'R': 346 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 347 break; 348 case 'L': 349 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 350 break; 351 case 't': 352 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 353 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 354 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 355 break; 356 case 'T': 357 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 358 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 359 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 360 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 361 break; 362 case 'I': 363 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 364 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 365 break; 366 case 'g': 367 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 368 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 369 break; 370 case 'w': 371 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 372 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 373 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 374 break; 375 #ifdef IPSEC 376 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 377 case 'E': 378 pingflags |= F_POLICY; 379 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) 380 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 381 else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) 382 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 383 else 384 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 385 break; 386 #else 387 case 'A': 388 pingflags |= F_AUTHHDR; 389 break; 390 case 'E': 391 pingflags |= F_ENCRYPT; 392 break; 393 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 394 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 395 default: 396 usage(); 397 break; 398 } 399 } 400 401 if (interval == 0) 402 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 403 #ifndef sgi 404 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && getuid()) 405 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 406 if (interval < 1.0 && getuid()) 407 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 408 if (preload > 0 && getuid()) 409 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 410 #endif 411 sec_to_timeval(interval, &interval_tv); 412 413 if ((pingflags & (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) == (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) 414 warnx("Sorry, no audible output for flood pings"); 415 416 if (npackets != 0) { 417 npackets += preload; 418 } else { 419 npackets = INT_MAX; 420 } 421 422 if (hostind == 0) { 423 if (optind != argc-1) 424 usage(); 425 else 426 hostind = optind; 427 } 428 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 429 usage(); 430 431 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 432 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 433 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 434 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 435 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 436 437 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 438 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127<<24)+1); 439 440 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time them? */ 441 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 442 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 443 if ((packet = (u_char *)malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 444 err(1, "Out of memory"); 445 446 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 447 fill(); 448 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 449 rnd_fill(); 450 } else { 451 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) 452 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 453 } 454 455 ident = htons(getpid()) & 0xFFFF; 456 457 if ((s = cap_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 458 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 459 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 460 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 461 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 462 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 463 } 464 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 465 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 466 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 467 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 468 } 469 470 if ((sloop = cap_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 471 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 472 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 473 if (setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 474 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 475 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 476 } 477 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 478 if (setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 479 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 480 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 481 } 482 483 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 484 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 485 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 486 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 487 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 488 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 489 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 490 } 491 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 492 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 493 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 494 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 495 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 496 } 497 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 498 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 499 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 500 - optlen); 501 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 502 503 if (setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 504 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 505 506 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 507 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 508 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 509 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 510 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 511 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 512 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 513 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 514 515 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 516 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 517 u_char loop = 0; 518 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 519 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 520 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 521 } 522 523 if (ttl != 0 524 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 525 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 526 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 527 528 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 529 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 530 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 531 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 532 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 533 534 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 535 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 536 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 537 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 538 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 539 } 540 #ifdef IPSEC 541 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 542 { 543 char *buf; 544 if (pingflags & F_POLICY) { 545 if (policy_in != NULL) { 546 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 547 if (buf == NULL) 548 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 549 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 550 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 551 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 552 } 553 free(buf); 554 } 555 if (policy_out != NULL) { 556 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 557 if (buf == NULL) 558 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 559 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 560 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 561 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 562 } 563 free(buf); 564 } 565 } 566 buf = ipsec_set_policy("out bypass", strlen("out bypass")); 567 if (buf == NULL) 568 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 569 if (setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 570 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 571 #if 0 572 warnx("ipsec is not configured"); 573 #else 574 /* ignore it, should be okay */ 575 #endif 576 } 577 free(buf); 578 } 579 #else 580 { 581 int optval; 582 if (pingflags & F_AUTHHDR) { 583 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 584 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 585 (void)setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 586 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 587 #else 588 (void)setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 589 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 590 #endif 591 } 592 if (pingflags & F_ENCRYPT) { 593 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 594 (void)setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 595 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 596 } 597 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_BYPASS; 598 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 599 (void)setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 600 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 601 #else 602 (void)setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 603 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 604 #endif 605 (void)setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 606 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 607 } 608 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 609 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 610 611 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 612 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 613 614 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 615 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 616 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 617 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 618 */ 619 while (0 > setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 620 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 621 if ((bufspace -= 4096) == 0) 622 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 623 } 624 625 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 626 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 627 */ 628 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 629 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 630 631 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 632 633 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 634 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 635 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 636 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 637 tcsetattr (STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts); 638 } 639 #endif 640 641 #ifdef SIGINFO 642 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 643 #else 644 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 645 #endif 646 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 647 648 /* fire off them quickies */ 649 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 650 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 651 pinger(); 652 } 653 654 doit(); 655 return 0; 656 } 657 658 659 static void 660 doit(void) 661 { 662 int cc; 663 struct sockaddr_in from; 664 int fromlen; 665 double sec, last, d_last; 666 struct timeval timeout; 667 fd_set *fdmaskp; 668 size_t nfdmask; 669 670 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 671 if (maxwait != 0) { 672 last = timeval_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 673 d_last = 0; 674 } else { 675 last = 0; 676 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 677 } 678 679 nfdmask = howmany(s + 1, NFDBITS) * sizeof(fd_mask); 680 if ((fdmaskp = malloc(nfdmask)) == NULL) 681 err(1, "malloc"); 682 memset(fdmaskp, 0, nfdmask); 683 do { 684 (void)gettimeofday(&now,0); 685 686 if (last != 0) 687 d_last = last - timeval_to_sec(&now); 688 689 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 690 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 691 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 692 if (sec <= 0.0001 693 || (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 694 pinger(); 695 sec = diffsec(&next_tx,&now); 696 } 697 if (sec < 0.0) 698 sec = 0.0; 699 if (d_last < sec) 700 sec = d_last; 701 702 } else { 703 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 704 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 705 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 706 */ 707 sec = MAX(2*tmax,10*interval) - diffsec(&now,&last_tx); 708 if (d_last < sec) 709 sec = d_last; 710 if (sec <= 0) 711 break; 712 } 713 714 715 sec_to_timeval(sec, &timeout); 716 717 FD_SET(s, fdmaskp); 718 cc = select(s+1, fdmaskp, 0, 0, &timeout); 719 if (cc <= 0) { 720 if (cc < 0) { 721 if (errno == EINTR) 722 continue; 723 jiggle_flush(1); 724 err(1, "select"); 725 } 726 continue; 727 } 728 729 fromlen = sizeof(from); 730 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 731 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 732 &fromlen); 733 if (cc < 0) { 734 if (errno != EINTR) { 735 jiggle_flush(1); 736 warn("recvfrom"); 737 (void)fflush(stderr); 738 } 739 continue; 740 } 741 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 742 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 743 744 } while (nreceived < npackets 745 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 746 free(fdmaskp); 747 748 finish(0); 749 } 750 751 752 static void 753 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 754 { 755 int serrno = errno; 756 757 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 758 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 759 jiggle_direction = 1; 760 do { 761 (void)putchar('.'); 762 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 763 764 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 765 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 766 jiggle_direction = -1; 767 do { 768 (void)putchar('\b'); 769 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 770 } 771 772 if (nl) { 773 if (total_jiggled != 0) 774 (void)putchar('\n'); 775 total_jiggled = 0; 776 jiggle_direction = -1; 777 } 778 779 (void)fflush(stdout); 780 (void)fflush(stderr); 781 jiggle_time = now; 782 errno = serrno; 783 } 784 785 786 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 787 */ 788 static void 789 jiggle(int delta) 790 { 791 double dt; 792 793 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 794 return; 795 796 /* do not back up into messages */ 797 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 798 return; 799 800 jiggle_cnt += delta; 801 802 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 803 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 804 */ 805 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 806 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 807 jiggle_flush(0); 808 } 809 810 811 /* 812 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 813 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 814 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first PHDR_LEN bytes 815 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 816 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 817 */ 818 static void 819 pinger(void) 820 { 821 int i, cc, sw; 822 823 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 824 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_short)(ntransmitted)); 825 826 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 827 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 828 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 829 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 830 * black holes come and go. 831 */ 832 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 833 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 834 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 835 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 836 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, 837 PHDR_LEN); 838 sw = 0; 839 if (setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 840 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 841 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 842 if (sendto(sloop, (char *) &opack_icmp, PHDR_LEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 843 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 844 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 845 /* 846 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 847 * mode because people get confused when they see 848 * this error when they are running in single user 849 * mode and they have not configured lo0 850 */ 851 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 852 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 853 } 854 sw = 1; 855 if (setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 856 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 857 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 858 859 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache,0); 860 } 861 862 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 863 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 864 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 865 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 866 cc = datalen+PHDR_LEN; 867 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 868 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, cc); 869 870 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 871 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 872 i = sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 873 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 874 if (i != cc) { 875 jiggle_flush(1); 876 if (i < 0) 877 warn("sendto"); 878 else 879 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 880 (void)fflush(stderr); 881 } 882 lastrcvd = 0; 883 884 CLR(ntransmitted); 885 ntransmitted++; 886 887 last_tx = now; 888 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 889 first_tx = now; 890 next_tx = now; 891 } 892 893 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 894 * second when going at one packet per second. 895 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 896 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 897 */ 898 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 899 do { 900 timevaladd(&next_tx, &interval_tv); 901 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 902 } 903 904 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 905 jiggle(1); 906 907 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 908 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 909 */ 910 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 911 rnd_fill(); 912 } 913 914 915 static void 916 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 917 char *addr, 918 int seqno, 919 int dupflag, 920 int ttl, 921 double triptime) 922 { 923 jiggle_flush(1); 924 925 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 926 return; 927 928 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 929 if (dupflag) 930 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 931 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 932 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 933 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 934 935 /* 936 * Send beep to stderr, since that's more likely than stdout 937 * to go to a terminal.. 938 */ 939 if (pingflags & F_AUDIBLE && !dupflag) 940 (void)fprintf(stderr,"\a"); 941 } 942 943 944 /* 945 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 946 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 947 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 948 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 949 */ 950 static void 951 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 952 int tot_len, 953 struct sockaddr_in *from) 954 { 955 struct ip *ip; 956 struct icmp *icp; 957 int i, j, net_len; 958 u_char *cp; 959 static int old_rrlen; 960 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 961 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 962 double triptime = 0.0; 963 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 964 dumped = 1; \ 965 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 966 ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq), \ 967 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 968 969 /* Check the IP header */ 970 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 971 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 972 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 973 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 974 jiggle_flush(1); 975 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 976 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 977 } 978 return; 979 } 980 981 /* Now the ICMP part */ 982 dumped = 0; 983 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 984 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 985 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 986 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 987 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_short)(ntransmitted-1))) 988 lastrcvd = 1; 989 last_rx = now; 990 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 991 first_rx = last_rx; 992 nreceived++; 993 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 994 struct timeval tv; 995 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 996 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 997 tsum += triptime; 998 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 999 if (triptime < tmin) 1000 tmin = triptime; 1001 if (triptime > tmax) 1002 tmax = triptime; 1003 } 1004 1005 if (TST(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq))) { 1006 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 1007 dupflag=1; 1008 } else { 1009 SET(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq)); 1010 } 1011 1012 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 1013 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1014 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 1015 tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 1016 } 1017 1018 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1019 return; 1020 1021 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 1022 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1023 1024 /* check the data */ 1025 if (datalen > PHDR_LEN 1026 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 1027 && memcmp(&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 1028 &opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 1029 datalen-PHDR_LEN)) { 1030 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 1031 if (icp->icmp_data[i] != 1032 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i]) 1033 break; 1034 } 1035 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1036 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 1037 " %#x but was %#x", i, 1038 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 1039 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1040 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 1041 if ((i%16) == PHDR_LEN) 1042 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1043 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1044 } 1045 } 1046 1047 } else { 1048 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 1049 return; 1050 dumped = 2; 1051 } 1052 1053 /* Display any IP options */ 1054 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1055 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1056 switch (*cp) { 1057 case IPOPT_EOL: 1058 hlen = 0; 1059 break; 1060 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1061 hlen -= 2; 1062 j = *++cp; 1063 ++cp; 1064 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1065 if (j <= 0) 1066 continue; 1067 if (dumped <= 1) { 1068 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 1069 hlen -= j; 1070 cp += j; 1071 break; 1072 } 1073 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1074 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 1075 for (;;) { 1076 pr_saddr(cp); 1077 cp += 4; 1078 hlen -= 4; 1079 j -= 4; 1080 if (j <= 0) 1081 break; 1082 (void)putchar('\n'); 1083 } 1084 break; 1085 case IPOPT_RR: 1086 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 1087 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 1088 hlen -= 2; 1089 if (i > j) 1090 i = j; 1091 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1092 if (i <= 0) 1093 continue; 1094 if (dumped <= 1) { 1095 if (i == old_rrlen 1096 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 1097 if (dumped) 1098 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1099 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 1100 hlen -= j; 1101 cp += j; 1102 break; 1103 } 1104 old_rrlen = i; 1105 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 1106 } 1107 if (!dumped) { 1108 jiggle_flush(1); 1109 (void)printf("RR: "); 1110 dumped = 1; 1111 } else { 1112 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1113 } 1114 for (;;) { 1115 pr_saddr(cp); 1116 cp += 4; 1117 hlen -= 4; 1118 i -= 4; 1119 if (i <= 0) 1120 break; 1121 (void)putchar('\n'); 1122 } 1123 break; 1124 case IPOPT_NOP: 1125 if (dumped <= 1) 1126 break; 1127 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1128 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1129 break; 1130 #ifdef sgi 1131 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 1132 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 1133 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 1134 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 1135 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 1136 hlen -= i - 1; 1137 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1138 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 1139 while (i--) { 1140 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 1141 } 1142 cp--; 1143 break; 1144 } 1145 #endif 1146 default: 1147 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1148 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 1149 break; 1150 } 1151 hlen--; 1152 cp++; 1153 } 1154 1155 if (dumped) { 1156 (void)putchar('\n'); 1157 (void)fflush(stdout); 1158 } else { 1159 jiggle(-1); 1160 } 1161 } 1162 1163 1164 /* Compute the IP checksum 1165 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1166 */ 1167 static u_short 1168 in_cksum(u_short *p, 1169 u_int len) 1170 { 1171 u_int sum = 0; 1172 int nwords = len >> 1; 1173 1174 while (nwords-- != 0) 1175 sum += *p++; 1176 1177 if (len & 1) { 1178 union { 1179 u_short w; 1180 u_char c[2]; 1181 } u; 1182 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1183 u.c[1] = 0; 1184 sum += u.w; 1185 } 1186 1187 /* end-around-carry */ 1188 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1189 sum += (sum >> 16); 1190 return (~sum); 1191 } 1192 1193 1194 /* 1195 * compute the difference of two timevals in seconds 1196 */ 1197 static double 1198 diffsec(struct timeval *now, 1199 struct timeval *then) 1200 { 1201 return ((now->tv_sec - then->tv_sec)*1.0 1202 + (now->tv_usec - then->tv_usec)/1000000.0); 1203 } 1204 1205 1206 static void 1207 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, 1208 struct timeval *t2) 1209 { 1210 1211 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1212 if ((t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec) >= 1000000) { 1213 t1->tv_sec++; 1214 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000; 1215 } 1216 } 1217 1218 1219 static void 1220 sec_to_timeval(const double sec, struct timeval *tp) 1221 { 1222 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1223 tp->tv_usec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000.0; 1224 } 1225 1226 1227 static double 1228 timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *tp) 1229 { 1230 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_usec / 1000000.0; 1231 } 1232 1233 1234 /* 1235 * Print statistics. 1236 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1237 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1238 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1239 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1240 */ 1241 static void 1242 summary(int header) 1243 { 1244 jiggle_flush(1); 1245 1246 if (header) 1247 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1248 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1249 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1250 if (nrepeats) 1251 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1252 if (ntransmitted) { 1253 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1254 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1255 else 1256 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1257 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1258 ntransmitted)); 1259 } 1260 (void)printf("\n"); 1261 if (nreceived && (pingflags & F_TIMING)) { 1262 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1263 double avg = (tsum / n); 1264 double variance = 0.0; 1265 if (n>1) 1266 variance = (tsumsq - n*avg*avg) /(n-1); 1267 1268 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1269 "%.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1270 tmin * 1000.0, avg * 1000.0, 1271 tmax * 1000.0, sqrt(variance) * 1000.0); 1272 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1273 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1274 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1275 if (r == 0) 1276 r = 0.0001; 1277 if (t == 0) 1278 t = 0.0001; 1279 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1280 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1281 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1282 } 1283 } 1284 } 1285 1286 1287 /* 1288 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1289 */ 1290 /* ARGSUSED */ 1291 static void 1292 prtsig(int s) 1293 { 1294 summary(0); 1295 #ifdef SIGINFO 1296 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 1297 #else 1298 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1299 #endif 1300 } 1301 1302 1303 /* 1304 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1305 */ 1306 static void 1307 prefinish(int s) 1308 { 1309 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1310 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1311 finish(0); 1312 1313 (void)signal(s, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1314 1315 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1316 npackets = ntransmitted; 1317 } 1318 1319 1320 /* 1321 * Print statistics and give up. 1322 */ 1323 /* ARGSUSED */ 1324 static void 1325 finish(int s) 1326 { 1327 #if defined(SIGINFO) && defined(NOKERNINFO) 1328 struct termios ts; 1329 1330 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 1331 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 1332 tcsetattr (STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts); 1333 } 1334 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 1335 #else 1336 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1337 #endif 1338 1339 summary(1); 1340 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1341 } 1342 1343 1344 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1345 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1346 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1347 int cc, 1348 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1349 { 1350 int hlen; 1351 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1352 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1353 int res; 1354 1355 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1356 res = 1; 1357 jiggle_flush(1); 1358 } else { 1359 res = 0; 1360 } 1361 1362 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1363 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1364 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1365 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1366 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1367 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1368 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1369 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1370 * of our packets. 1371 */ 1372 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1373 1374 if (!res && override 1375 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1376 jiggle_flush(1); 1377 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1378 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1379 res = 1; 1380 } 1381 } 1382 } 1383 1384 return res; 1385 } 1386 1387 1388 /* 1389 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1390 */ 1391 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1392 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1393 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1394 int cc) 1395 { 1396 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1397 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1398 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1399 return 0; 1400 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1401 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1402 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1403 break; 1404 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1405 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1406 break; 1407 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1408 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1409 break; 1410 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1411 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1412 break; 1413 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1414 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1415 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1416 break; 1417 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1418 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1419 break; 1420 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1421 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1422 break; 1423 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1424 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1425 break; 1426 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1427 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1428 break; 1429 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1430 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1431 break; 1432 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1433 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1434 break; 1435 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1436 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1437 break; 1438 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1439 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1440 break; 1441 case 13: 1442 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1443 break; 1444 case 14: 1445 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1446 break; 1447 case 15: 1448 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1449 break; 1450 default: 1451 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1452 icp->icmp_code); 1453 break; 1454 } 1455 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1456 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1457 break; 1458 1459 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1460 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1461 return 0; 1462 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1463 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1464 break; 1465 1466 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1467 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1468 return 0; 1469 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1470 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1471 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1472 break; 1473 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1474 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1475 break; 1476 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1477 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1478 break; 1479 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1480 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1481 break; 1482 default: 1483 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1484 break; 1485 } 1486 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1487 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1488 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1489 break; 1490 1491 case ICMP_ECHO: 1492 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1493 return 0; 1494 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1495 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1496 break; 1497 1498 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1499 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1500 #if 0 1501 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1502 return 0; 1503 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1504 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1505 break; 1506 #else 1507 return 0; 1508 #endif 1509 1510 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1511 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1512 return 0; 1513 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1514 break; 1515 1516 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1517 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1518 return 0; 1519 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1520 break; 1521 1522 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1523 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1524 return 0; 1525 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1526 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1527 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1528 break; 1529 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1530 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1531 break; 1532 default: 1533 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1534 icp->icmp_code); 1535 break; 1536 } 1537 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1538 break; 1539 1540 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1541 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1542 return 0; 1543 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1544 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1545 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1546 break; 1547 1548 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1549 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1550 return 0; 1551 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1552 break; 1553 1554 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1555 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1556 return 0; 1557 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1558 break; 1559 1560 case ICMP_IREQ: 1561 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1562 return 0; 1563 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1564 break; 1565 1566 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1567 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1568 return 0; 1569 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1570 break; 1571 1572 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1573 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1574 return 0; 1575 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1576 break; 1577 1578 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1579 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1580 return 0; 1581 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1582 break; 1583 1584 default: 1585 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1586 return 0; 1587 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1588 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1589 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1590 } 1591 1592 return 1; 1593 } 1594 1595 1596 /* 1597 * Print an IP header with options. 1598 */ 1599 static void 1600 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1601 int cc) 1602 { 1603 int hlen; 1604 u_char *cp; 1605 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1606 1607 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1608 1609 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1610 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1611 1612 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1613 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1614 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1615 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1616 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1617 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1618 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1619 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1620 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1621 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1622 /* dump any option bytes */ 1623 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1624 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1625 } 1626 } 1627 1628 /* 1629 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1630 */ 1631 static void 1632 pr_saddr(u_char *cp) 1633 { 1634 n_long l; 1635 struct in_addr addr; 1636 1637 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1638 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1639 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1640 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1641 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1642 (void)printf("\t%s", (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1643 } 1644 1645 1646 /* 1647 * Return an ASCII host address 1648 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1649 */ 1650 static char * 1651 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1652 { 1653 struct hostent *hp; 1654 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1655 1656 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1657 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1658 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1659 } else { 1660 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1661 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1662 } 1663 1664 return buf; 1665 } 1666 1667 /* 1668 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1669 */ 1670 static void 1671 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1672 int cc) 1673 { 1674 int hlen; 1675 u_char *cp; 1676 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1677 1678 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1679 1680 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1681 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1682 1683 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1684 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1685 1686 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1687 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1688 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1689 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1690 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1691 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1692 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1693 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1694 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1695 struct icmp icp2; 1696 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1697 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1698 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1699 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1700 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_id), 1701 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1702 else 1703 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1704 ntohs((u_short)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1705 } 1706 } 1707 } 1708 1709 static void 1710 fill(void) 1711 { 1712 int i, j, k; 1713 char *cp; 1714 int pat[16]; 1715 1716 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1717 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 1718 break; 1719 } 1720 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1721 (void)fflush(stdout); 1722 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1723 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1724 fill_pat); 1725 } 1726 1727 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1728 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1729 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1730 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1731 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1732 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1733 1734 for (k=PHDR_LEN, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1735 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1736 if (++j >= i) 1737 j = 0; 1738 } 1739 1740 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1741 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1742 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1743 (void)printf("%02x", 1744 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+j]); 1745 (void)printf("\n"); 1746 } 1747 1748 } 1749 1750 1751 static void 1752 rnd_fill(void) 1753 { 1754 static u_int32_t rnd; 1755 int i; 1756 1757 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) { 1758 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1759 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1760 } 1761 } 1762 1763 1764 static void 1765 gethost(const char *arg, 1766 const char *name, 1767 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1768 char *realname, 1769 int realname_len) 1770 { 1771 struct hostent *hp; 1772 1773 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1774 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1775 1776 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1777 * have something nice to display. 1778 */ 1779 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1780 if (realname) { 1781 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1782 hp = 0; 1783 else 1784 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1785 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1786 AF_INET); 1787 (void)strncpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1788 realname_len); 1789 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1790 } 1791 return; 1792 } 1793 1794 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1795 if (!hp) 1796 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1797 1798 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1799 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1800 1801 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1802 1803 if (realname) { 1804 (void)strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1805 realname[realname_len-1] = '\0'; 1806 } 1807 } 1808 1809 1810 static void 1811 usage(void) 1812 { 1813 #ifdef IPSEC 1814 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 1815 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-E policy] " 1816 #else 1817 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-AE] " 1818 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 1819 #else 1820 #define IPSECOPT "" 1821 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 1822 1823 (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: \n" 1824 "%s [-dDfLnoPqQrRv] [-c count] [-g gateway] [-h host]" 1825 " [-i interval] [-I addr]\n" 1826 " [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s size] [-t tos] [-T ttl]" 1827 " [-w maxwait] " IPSECOPT "host\n", 1828 getprogname()); 1829 exit(1); 1830 } 1831
Indexes created Tue Sep 30 20:09:53 GMT 2025