acronyms.comp revision 1.173
1$NetBSD: acronyms.comp,v 1.173 2017/01/19 19:09:06 ginsbach Exp $ 23WHS three-way handshake 38VSB 8-state vestigial side band modulation 4AA anti-aliasing 5AAA authentication, authorization, [and] accounting 6AAT average access time 7ABI application binary interface 8ABR available bit rate 9AC alternating current 10ACI adjacent channel interferer 11ACID atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability 12ACK Amsterdam compiler kit 13ACK acknowledgement 14ACL access control list 15ACL active current loop 16ACP auxillary control {process,program} 17ACPI advanced configuration and power interface 18ACS access control set 19ACU automatic calling unit 20ADB Apple desktop bus 21ADC analog [to] digital converter 22ADD acronym driven development 23ADO active data objects 24ADP automatic data processing 25ADPCM adaptive differential pulse code modulation 26ADS alternate data stream 27ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line 28ADT abstract data type 29AES Advanced Encryption Standard 30AFS Andrew File System 31AGC automatic gain control 32AGP accelerated graphics port 33AI analog input 34AI artificial intelligence 35AL access list 36AL active link 37ALE address latch enable 38ALS ambient light sensor 39ALU arithmetic and logical unit 40ALUA asymmetric logical unit access 41AM access method 42AM alignment mask 43AM amplitude modulation 44AMI alternate mark inversion 45AMQP advanced message queuing protocol 46AMP asymmetric multiprocessing 47AMT active management technology 48AN Arabic number 49ANSI American National Standards Institute 50AO analog output 51AOL Alert-on-LAN 52AOS add or subtract 53AP access point 54AP application processor 55API application programming interface 56APIC advanced programmable interrupt controller 57APIPA automatic private IP addressing 58APT advanced persistent threat 59AQM active queue management 60ARAT always running APIC timer 61ARC adaptive replacement cache 62ARM Advanced RISC Machines 63ARP Address Resolution Protocol 64ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency 65ARQ automatic repeat request 66ARR address range register 67ARU audio response unit 68AS autonomous system 69ASC advanced smart cache 70ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange 71ASD agile software development 72ASE advanced software environment 73ASIC application-specific integrated circuit 74ASK amplitude shif keying 75ASLR address space layout randomization 76ASN autonomous system number 77ASPM active state power management 78ASQ automated software quality 79ASR address space register 80AST abstract syntax tree 81AST asynchronous trap 82AT access time 83AT advanced technology 84ATA advanced technology attachment 85ATAPI advanced technology attachment packet interface 86ATC address translation cache 87ATM asynchronous transfer mode 88ATX advanced technology extended 89AV anti virus 90AVL Adelson-Velsky-Landis 91AVX advanced vector extensions 92BA byte align 93BAL basic assembly language 94BAR base address register 95BBS bulletin board system 96BCC blind carbon copy 97BCD binary coded decimal 98BCR byte count register 99BCS base configuration space 100BD baud 101BDD binary decision diagram 102BDI bit deinterleave 103BDUF big design up front 104BEDO burst extended data output 105BER basic encoding rules 106BER bit error {rate,ratio} 107BFD binary {file,format} descriptor 108BFKL big fscking kernel lock 109BFS breadth-first search 110BFT binary file transfer 111BGA ball grid array 112BGP Border Gateway Protocol 113BGPSEC BGP Security 114BIND Berkeley Internet Name Daemon 115BIOS Basic Input/Output System 116BIOS built-in operating system 117BIST built-in self-test 118BIU bus interface unit 119BKDG BIOS and kernel developer's guide 120BLAS basic linear algebra subprograms 121BLC back light control 122BLOB binary large object 123BM bus master 124BMC baseboard management controller 125BMIC bus master interface controller 126BN boundary neutral 127BNF Backus-Naur form 128BO binary output 129BOF beginning of file 130BOM beginning of message 131BOM byte order mark 132BP base pointer 133BP boot processor 134BPB BIOS parameter block 135BPDU bridge protocol data unit 136BPF Berkeley Packet Filter 137BPI bits per inch 138BPM business process modelling 139BPS bits per second 140BPSK binary phase shift keying 141BQS Berkeley quality software 142BRE basic regular expression 143BS backspace 144BS binary sequence 145BSA basic service area 146BSD Berkeley Software Distribution 147BSF bit scan forward 148BSOD blue screen of death 149BSP binary space partition 150BSP bootstrap processor 151BSR bit scan reverse 152BSS basic service set 153BSS block started by symbol 154BSSID basic service set identifier 155BT BitTorrent 156BT Bluetooth 157BT bit test 158BTC bit test [and] complement 159BTR bit test [and] reset 160BTS bit test [and] set 161BTS bug tracking system 162BW bandwidth 163BWM block-write mode 164CA certificate authority 165CAD computer-aided design 166CAM computer assisted manufacturing 167CAM conditional access module 168CAM content addressable memory 169CARP Common Address Redundancy Protocol 170CAS column address strobe 171CAS compare and swap 172CAS computer algebra system 173CASE computer aided software engineering 174CAU control access unit 175CAV constant angular velocity 176CBC cipher block chaining 177CBR constant bit rate 178CC carbon coby 179CCD charge coupled device 180CCI co-channel interferer 181CD cache disable 182CD compact disc 183CDDA compact disc digital audio 184CDMA code division multiple access 185CDP Cisco Discovery Protocol 186CDRAM cache dynamic random access memory 187CER canonical encoding rules 188CF compact flash 189CFB cipher feedback 190CFG context-free grammar 191CFG control-flow graph 192CG control gate 193CGA Color Graphics Adapter 194CGI common gateway interface 195CGN Carrier-Grade NAT 196CHAP Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol 197CHS cylinder/head/sector 198CI continuous integration 199CI {common,component} interface 200CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing 201CIFS Common Internet File System 202CIL common intermediate language 203CIR carrier-to-interference ratio 204CIS contact image sensor 205CISC complex instruction set {computer,computing} 206CJK Chinese, Japanese, [and] Korean 207CLF common log format 208CLI command line interface 209CLR common language runtime 210CLTT closed loop thermal throttling 211CLUT color look-up table 212CLV constant linear velocity 213CM configuration management 214CMA concert multithread architecture 215CMI control management interface 216CMI control method interface 217CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor 218CMP chip multi-processing 219CMS content management system 220CMYK cyan magenta yellow black 221CN {common,canonical} name 222CNC computer numerical control 223CNR carrier-to-noise ratio 224COF current operating frequency 225COFDM coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing 226COFF common object file format 227COM component object model 228COMA cache-only memory architecture 229CORBA common object request broker architecture 230COW copy-on-write 231CP continuous pilot 232CPB core performance boost 233CPE common phase error 234CPG clock pulse generator 235CPL current privilege level 236CPLD complex programmable logic device 237CPP C preprocessor 238CPS characters per second 239CPT command pass through 240CPU central processing unit 241CR carriage return 242CRC cyclic redundancy check 243CRL carrier recovery loop 244CRLF carriage return line feed 245CRT cathode ray tube 246CS cable select 247CS chip select 248CS code segment 249CS computer science 250CSI channel state information 251CSI common system interface 252CSMA carrier sense multiple access 253CSMA/CA carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance 254CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection 255CSR control [and] status registers 256CSRG Computer Systems Research Group 257CSS cascading style sheets 258CSV comma-separated values 259CTM close to metal 260CTR counter [mode] 261CTS clear to send 262CUA common user access 263CUT coordinated universal time 264CV control voltage 265CVS Concurrent Versions System 266DA destination address 267DAA distributed application architecture 268DAB digital audio broadcasting 269DAC digital [to] analog converter 270DAC discretionary access control 271DAD duplicate address detection 272DANE DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities 273DAO disk at once 274DAP Directory Access Protocol 275DAT digital audio tape 276DAT dynamic acceleration technology 277DB database 278DBA database administrator 279DBA dynamic bandwidth allocation 280DBB data bus buffer 281DBC design by contract 282DBL dynamic buffer limiting 283DBMS database management system 284DBS database server 285DC direct current 286DCC Direct Client-to-Client 287DCC direct cable connect 288DCD data carrier detect 289DCE data control equipment 290DCE distributed computing environment 291DCOM distributed component object model 292DCOP Desktop COmmunication Protocol 293DCS data collection systems 294DCT discrete cosine transform 295DCU data cache unit 296DDC display data channel 297DDE dynamic data exchange 298DDK device driver kit 299DDL data description language 300DDR double data rate 301DDS direct digital sound 302DDWG Digital Display Working Group 303DE debugging extensions 304DE desktop environment 305DEA data encryption algorithm 306DEK data encryption key 307DEP data execution prevention 308DER distinguished encoding rules 309DES Data Encryption Standard 310DF don't fragment 311DFA deterministic finite automaton 312DFC data flow control 313DFS depth first search 314DFS distributed file system 315DFT diagnostic function test 316DFT discrete Fourier transform 317DGL data generation language 318DH Diffie-Hellman 319DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 320DIFS distributed inter-frame space 321DIMM dual inline memory module 322DIRT design in real time 323DL diode logic 324DL discrete logarithm 325DL download 326DLE data link escape 327DLL dynamic link library 328DLP discrete logarithm problem 329DMA direct memory access 330DMI desktop management interface 331DMS document management system 332DMT discrete multitone modulation 333DNARD Digital network appliance reference design 334DND drag and drop 335DNS Domain Name System 336DNSSEC DNS Security Extensions 337DOE distributed object environment 338DOF data over fibre 339DOM document object model 340DOS denial of service 341DOS disk operating system 342DP DisplayPort 343DPC deferred procedure call 344DPCM differential pulse code modulation 345DPD dead peer detection 346DPI deep packet inspection 347DPI dots per inch 348DPL descriptor privilege level 349DPS Display PostScript 350DPST display power savings technology 351DRAM dynamic random access memory 352DRBG deterministic random bit generator 353DRI direct rendering infrastructure 354DRM digital rights management 355DRRS display refresh rate switching 356DS debug store 357DSA digital signature algorithm 358DSAP destination service access point 359DSB double-sideband modulation 360DSDT differentiated system descriptor table 361DSL digital subscriber line 362DSL domain specific language 363DSLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer 364DSN delivery status notification 365DSO dynamic shared object 366DSP digital signal processor 367DSSS direct sequence spread spectrum 368DTD document type definition 369DTE data terminal equipment 370DTE dumb terminal emulator 371DTL diode-transistor logic 372DTLS datagram transport layer security 373DTS digital thermal sensor 374DUT device under test 375DVB digital video broadcasting 376DVCS distributed version control system 377DVD digital versatile disc 378DVFS dynamic voltage and frequency scaling 379DVI device independent 380DVI Digital Visual Interface 381DVR digital video recorder 382E-XER extended XML encoding rules 383EABI embedded-application binary interface 384EAI Email Address Internationalization 385EAI Enterprise Application Integration 386EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol 387EAPOL EAP over Lan 388EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code 389EBR extended boot record 390EC elliptic curve 391ECC elliptic curve cryptography 392ECC error correction code 393ECDH elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman 394ECDL elliptic curve discrete logarithm 395ECDLP elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem 396ECDSA elliptic curve digital signature algorithm 397ECL emitter-coupled logic 398ECN explicit congestion notification 399ECP enhanced capability port 400ECS enhanced chip set 401ECS extended configuration space 402EDAT enhanced dynamic acceleration technology 403EdDSA Edwards curve digital signature algorithm 404EDGE explicit data graph execution 405EDID extended display identification data 406EDO extended data out 407EDS electronical data sheet 408EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory 409EFI extensible firmware interface 410EFL emitter follower logic 411EFM eight to fourteen modulation 412EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter 413EGP exterior gateway protocol 414EH extension header 415EIDE enhanced IDE 416EISA extended industry standard architecture 417ELF executable and linking format 418ELS entry level system 419EMI electro-magnetic interference 420EMP electro-magnetic pulse 421EMR electro-magnetic radiation 422EOF end of file 423EOI end of interrupt 424EOL end of line 425EOT end of transmission 426EPIC explicitly parallel instruction computing 427EPP enhanced parallel port 428EPRML extended partial response, maximum likelihood 429EPROM erasable programmable read only memory 430ERD emergency recovery disk 431ERD entity relationship diagram 432ERE extended regular expression 433ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory 434ESS electronic switching system 435ESS extended service set 436ESSID extended service set identifier 437EST enhanced speedstep 438ETL extract, transform, load 439EU execution unit 440EULA end user license agreement 441FAT file allocation table 442FBRAM frame buffer random access memory 443FCL fiber channel loop 444FCS frame check sequence 445FDC floppy disk controller 446FDD floppy disk drive 447FDDI fiber distributed data interface 448FDE full disk encryption 449FEA finite element analysis 450FEC forward error correction 451FET field-effect transistor 452FF finite field 453FF form feed 454FFDH finite-field Diffie-Hellman 455FFH functional fixed hardware 456FFI foreign function interface 457FFM focus follows mouse 458FFS Fast File System 459FFS find first set 460FFT fast Fourier transform 461FG floating gate 462FHSS frequency hop spread spectrum 463FID frequency identifier 464FIFO first in, first out 465FILO first in, last out 466FIPS Federal Information Processing Standards 467FIR fast infrared 468FLOPS floating [point] operations per second 469FLOSS free/libre/open source software 470FM frequency modulation 471FMR false match rate 472FOSS free/open source software 473FPGA field programmable gate array 474FPM fast page mode 475FPR floating point register 476FPU floating point unit 477FQDN fully qualified domain name 478FRR false rejection rate 479FRU field replaceable unit 480FS file system 481FSB front side bus 482FSCK file system check 483FSF Free Software Foundation 484FSK frequency shift keying 485FSM finite-state machine 486FTA fault tree analysis 487FTL flash translation layer 488FTP File Transfer Protocol 489FTPS File Transfer Protocol Secure 490FUS fast user switching 491FWH firmware hub 492FWS folding white space 493GAL generic array logic 494GAS generic address structure 495GC garbage collector 496GCM Galois counter mode 497GCR group-coded recording 498GDT global descriptor table 499GEM graphics environment manager 500GEM graphics execution manager 501GENA general event notification architecture 502GHC Glasgow Haskell compiler 503GID group identifier 504GIF graphics interchange format 505GMCH graphics and memory controller hub 506GNU GNU's Not Unix 507GOP graphics output protocol 508GOT global offset table 509GPE general purpose event 510GPF general protection fault 511GPG GNU Privacy Guard 512GPL [GNU] General Public License 513GPR general purpose register 514GPS generalized processor sharing 515GPT GUID partition table 516GPU graphics processing unit 517GR golden ratio 518GRE generic routing encapsulation 519GSI global system interrupt 520GUI graphical user interface 521GUID globally unique identifier 522HA high availability 523HAL hardware abstraction layer 524HAT hashed array tree 525HBA host bus adapter 526HCF halt and catch fire 527HCI host controller interface 528HCI human-computer interaction 529HCL hardware compatibility list 530HDCP High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection 531HDD hard disk drive 532HDL hardware description language 533HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface 534HDTV high-definition television 535HF high frequency 536HFM highest frequency mode 537HID human interface device 538HLL high-level language 539HMA high memory area 540HMI human-machine interface 541HOOD hierarchical object oriented design 542HP Hewlett-Packard 543HPC high performance computing 544HPET high precision event timer 545HSM hardware security module 546HSM hierarchical storage management 547HT hyper-threading 548HTC hardware thermal control 549HTCC high temperature co-fired ceramic 550HTML HyperText Markup Language 551HTT hyper-threading technology 552HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol 553HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure 554HVM hardware virtual machine 555HZ Hertz 556I2O intelligent input/output 557IA information assurance 558IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority 559IBC iterated block cipher 560IBM International Business Machines 561IBS instruction based sampling 562IBSS independent basic service set 563IC integrated circuit 564ICA independent computer architecture 565ICB Internet Citizen's Band 566ICE in-circuit emulator 567ICE internal compiler error 568ICH I/O controller hub 569ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol 570ICT information and communications technology 571ICW initialization command word 572IDA Intel dynamic acceleration 573IDCMP Intuition direct communication message port 574IDE integrated development environment 575IDE integrated drive electronics 576IDPS intrusion detection [and] prevention system 577IDRP inter-domain routing protocol 578IDS intrusion detection system 579IDT interrupt descriptor table 580IE Internet Explorer 581IEC International Electrotechnical Commission 582IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 583IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group 584IETF Internet Engineering Task Force 585IF intermediate frequency 586IFCM isochronous flow control mode 587IFF Interchange File Format 588IGD Internet gateway device 589IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol 590IGP interior gateway protocol 591IHV independent hardware vendor 592IKE Internet key exchange 593ILM internal loopback mode 594ILOM integrated lights-out management 595ILP instruction level parallelism 596IM instant messaging 597IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol 598IMC integrated memory controller 599IMCR interrupt mode configuration register 600IMR interrupt mask register 601IMS information management system 602INCITS InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards 603IO input/output 604IOCTL input/output control 605IOMMU input/output memory management unit 606IOT Internet of Things 607IP Internet Protocol 608IP intellectual property 609IPC interprocess communication 610IPE integrated programming environment 611IPI interprocessor interrupt 612IPNG Internet Protocol, Next Generation 613IPS in-plane switching 614IPS intrusion prevention system 615IPSEC Internet Protocol Security 616IRC Internet Relay Chat 617IRDA infrared data association 618IRQ interrupt request 619IRQL interrupt request level 620IRR interrupt request register 621IRTF Internet Research Task Force 622IS information system 623ISA industry standard architecture 624ISA instruction set architecture 625ISDN integrated services digital network 626ISI inter-symbol interference 627ISM industrial, scientific, [and] medical 628ISN initial serial number 629ISO International Standards Organization 630ISOC Internet Society 631ISP Internet service provider 632ISR in-service register 633ISR interrupt service routine 634IST interrupt stack table 635ISV independent software vendor 636IT information technology 637ITB Intel Turbo Boost 638ITIL information technology infrastructure library 639ITSM IT service management 640IV initialization vector 641IVT interrupt vector table 642JBOD just a bunch of disks 643JFET junction [gate] field-effect transistor 644JIT just in time 645JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group 646JRE Java Runtime Environment 647JTAG joint test action group 648KB keyboard 649KB kilobyte 650KBD keyboard 651KBD kilobaud 652KLOC thousand lines of code 653KMS kernel-mode setting 654KPI kernel programming interface 655KVA kernel virtual address 656KVM kernel virtual machine 657KVM kernel virtual memory 658KVM keyboard, video, [and] mouse 659LAMP Linux Apache MySQL {Perl,PHP,Python} 660LAN local area network 661LAPIC local advanced programmable interrupt controller 662LAR load access rights 663LBA logical block addressing 664LBS location-based service 665LCD liquid crystal display 666LCP link control protocol 667LDA local delivery agent 668LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 669LDR light-dependent resistor 670LDT local descriptor table 671LE logical extent 672LED light emitting diode 673LER label edge router 674LF line feed 675LF low frequency 676LFM lowest frequency mode 677LFN long file names 678LFO low-frequency oscillation 679LFS log-structured file system 680LFU least frequently used 681LHP loop heat pipe 682LIFO last in, first out 683LILO LInux LOader 684LILO last in, last out 685LINT local interrupt 686LIR local Internet registry 687LKM {Linux,loadable} kernel module 688LKML Linux kernel mailing list 689LL load linked 690LL/SC load linked/store conditional 691LLC logical link control 692LLDP link layer discovery protocol 693LLF low level format 694LLMNR link-local multicast name resolution 695LLVM Low Level Virtual Machine 696LM long mode 697LMM link management mode 698LNO loop nest optimization 699LOC lines of code 700LOM lights-out management 701LPC low pin count 702LPS local positioning system 703LRC longitudinal redundancy check 704LRM left-to-right mark 705LRO left-to-right override 706LRU least recently used 707LSB Linux standards base 708LSB least significant {bit,byte} 709LSI large scale integration 710LSL load segment limit 711LSN Large Scale NAT 712LSN log sequence number 713LSR label switch router 714LTCC low temperature co-fired ceramic 715LTO link time optimization 716LTR left to right 717LTR load task register 718LTR letter(-sized paper) 719LTS long term support 720LUA Lua Uppercase Accident 721LUN logical unit number 722LV logical volume 723LVM logical volume management 724LVT local vector table 725LWP light-weight process 726LZW Lempel Ziv Welch 727MAC mandatory access control 728MAC medium access control 729MAC message authentication {check,code} 730MADT multiple APIC descriptor table 731MB megabyte 732MBA multi-boot agent 733MBR master boot record 734MBS megabits per second 735MC memory controller 736MCA machine check architecture 737MCA MicroChannel architecture 738MCC multiversion concurrency control 739MCE machine check exception 740MCGA Multi-Color Graphics Array 741MCH memory controller hub 742MCM multi-chip module 743MCQ memory controlled queue 744MD machine-dependent 745MDA mail delivery agent 746MDA Monochrome Display Adapter 747MDRAM multibank dynamic random access memory 748MESI modified, exclusive, shared, invalid 749MFC merge from current 750MFC Microsoft Foundation Classes 751MFM modified frequency modulation 752MI machine-independent 753MIB management information base 754MIC message integrity {check,code} 755MID mobile Internet device 756MIDI musical instrument digital interface 757MIF management information format 758MIM man in the middle 759MIMD multiple instruction, multiple data 760MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions 761MIMO multiple input multiple output 762MIPS million instructions per second 763MISD multiple instruction, single data 764MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology 765MITM man in the middle 766ML machine language 767ML machine learning 768ML mailing list 769ML markup language 770ML maximum likelihood 771MLC multi-level cell 772MLD multicast listener discovery 773MLHP micro loop heat pipe 774MMF multi-mode fiber 775MMIC monolithic microwave integrated circuit 776MMIO memory mapped input/output 777MMORPG massive multiplayer online role playing game 778MMU memory management unit 779MMX matrix math extension 780MMX multimedia extension 781MMX multiple math extension 782MO magneto-optical 783MOESI modified, owned, exclusive, shared, invalid 784MOF maximum operating frequency 785MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor 786MOSI modified, owned, shared, invalid 787MP multi-platform 788MP multiplayer 789MP {multiprocessing,multiprocessor} 790MPEG moving picture experts group 791MPI message passing interface 792MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching 793MPP massively parallel processor 794MPS memory pool system 795MPS multiprocessor specification 796MR modem ready 797MRU most recently used 798MS Microsoft 799MSB most significant {bit,byte} 800MSE mean square error 801MSF minutes seconds frames 802MSI message signaled interrupt 803MSI modified, shared, invalid 804MSR machine state register 805MSS maximum segment size 806MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol 807MT machine translation 808MTA mail transfer agent 809MTBF mean time between failures 810MTP media transfer protocol 811MTRR memory type range register 812MTTF mean time to failure 813MTU maximum transmission unit 814MUA mail user agent 815MUD multi-user domain 816MVCC multiversion concurrency control 817MWE module width encoding 818MX mail exchange 819NACK negative acknowledgement 820NAN not a number 821NAPT Network Address Port Translation 822NAS network attached storage 823NAT network address translation 824NAV network allocation vector 825NC numerical control 826NCO numerically-controlled oscillator 827NCP Network Control Protocol 828NCQ native command queuing 829ND neighbor discovery 830NDFA nondeterministic finite automaton 831NE numeric error 832NFA nondeterministic finite automaton 833NFC near-field communication 834NFCI no functional change intended 835NFS network file system 836NIA next instruction address 837NIC network information center 838NIC network interface card 839NIDS network intrusion detection system 840NIP network interface protocol 841NIPS network intrusion prevention system 842NIS network information service 843NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology 844NLS native language support 845NMI non-maskable interrupt 846NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol 847NOC network operations center 848NOP no operation 849NOS network operating system 850NP nondeterministic polynomial time 851NRZ non-return to zero 852NSA nation-state adversary 853NSA no such agency 854NSA National Security Agency 855NTM non-deterministic Turing machine 856NTP Network Time Protocol 857NUMA non-uniform memory access 858NVRAM non-volatile random access memory 859NW not write-through 860NX no execute 861OAEP optimal asymmetric encryption padding 862OBO off by one 863OBOE off by one error 864OCL object constraint language 865OCR optical character recognition 866ODCM on-demand clock modulation 867ODT on-die termination 868OEM original equipment manufacturer 869OFB output feedback 870OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing 871OFET organic field-effect transistor 872OLAP online analytical processing 873OLE object linking and embedding 874OLTP online transaction processing 875ONFI open nand flash interface 876OO OpenOffice 877OO object oriented 878OOB out of band 879OOE out of order execution 880OOM out of memory 881OOO OpenOffice.org 882OOP object oriented programming 883OOPS object oriented programming systems 884OOSE object oriented software engineering 885OPM operations per minute 886OPS operations per second 887OQL Object Query Language 888ORB object request broker 889ORM object-relational mapping 890OS operating system 891OSD open source definition 892OSF open software foundation 893OSI Open Source Initiative 894OSI open systems interconnection 895OSPF open shortest path first 896OSPM OS power management 897OSS open sound system 898OSS open source software 899OSVW operating system visible workarounds 900OTP one time password 901OTP open telecom platform 902OU organizational unit 903OUI organizationally unique identifier 904OWL Web Ontology Language 905P2P PCI to PCI 906P2P peer to peer 907PA phase accumulator 908PA physical address 909PAC phase-amplitude converter 910PAE physical address extension 911PAL phase alternating line 912PAL programmable array logic 913PAM pluggable authentication modules 914PAM pulse amplitude modulation 915PAP password authentication protocol 916PAT page attribute table 917PAT port address translation 918PATA parallel ATA 919PAX portable archive exchange 920PBE pending break encoding 921PBE programming by example 922PC personal computer 923PC program counter 924PCB printed circuit board 925PCB process control block 926PCC Portable C Compiler 927PCD page-level cache disable 928PCE performance-monitor counter enable 929PCI peripheral component interconnect 930PCM phase change memory 931PCM pulse code modulation 932PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association 933PCP Port Control Protocol 934PD public domain 935PDA personal digital assistant 936PDA pushdown automaton 937PDAG propositional directed acyclic graph 938PDB power distribution board 939PDF portable document format 940PDM pulse-duration modulation 941PDN pull-down network 942PDP page {descriptor,directory} page 943PDS product data sheet 944PDU protocol data unit 945PE protection enable 946PEAP Protected EAP 947PECI platform environment control interface 948PEP protocol extension protocol 949PER packed encoding rules 950PFS perfect forward secrecy 951PGAS partitioned global address space 952PGE page global enable 953PGP Pretty Good Privacy 954PHB PCI host bridge 955PHP PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor 956PIC position independent code 957PIC programmable interrupt controller 958PICNIC problem in chair, not in computer 959PID process id 960PIE position independent executable 961PIM personal information manager 962PIM platform-independent model 963PIO programmed input/output 964PIPT physically indexed, physically tagged 965PIQ prefetch input queue 966PIT programmable interrupt timer 967PIV personal identity verification 968PKCS public-key cryptography standards 969PKI public key infrastructure 970PLC programmable logic controller 971PLD programmable logic device 972PLL phase locked loop 973PLRU pseudo LRU 974PLTM package level thermal management 975PM power management 976PM {phase,pulse} modulation 977PME power management event 978PMI platform management interrupt 979PMIO port-mapped input/output 980PMT photo-multiplier tube 981PMU power management unit 982PNG portable network graphics 983PNP plug and play 984POE power over ethernet 985POF probability of failure 986POP Post Office Protocol 987POP power on password 988POSIX Portable Operating System Interface [for Unix] 989POST power on self test 990POTS plain old telephone system 991PP pair programming 992PPB PCI [to] PCI bridge 993PPC PowerPC 994PPI pixels per inch 995PPM pages per minute 996PPP Point-to-Point Protocol 997PPPOA Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM 998PPPOE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet 999PPU physics processing unit 1000PRBS pseudorandom bit sequence 1001PRG pseudorandom generator 1002PRF pseudorandom function [family] 1003PRML partial response, maximum likelihood 1004PRN pseudorandom {noise,number} 1005PRNG pseudorandom number generator 1006PROM programmable read only memory 1007PRP pseudorandom permutation 1008PSD power spectral density 1009PSE page size extensions 1010PSK phase shift keying 1011PSK pre-shared key 1012PSTN public switched telephone network 1013PSW program status word 1014PTE page table entry 1015PTLA pseudo top level aggregator 1016PTP page table page 1017PTV perceived target value 1018PU processing unit 1019PUN physical unit number 1020PV physical volume 1021PVG physical volume group 1022PVI protected-mode virtual interrupt 1023PVST Per-VLAN Spanning Tree 1024PWM pulse width modulation 1025PXE preboot execution environment 1026QA quality assurance 1027QAM quadrature amplitude modulation 1028QAM quality assurance management 1029QBE query by example 1030QC quality control 1031QDI quasi delay insensitive 1032QOS quality of service 1033R/O read only 1034R/W read/write 1035RA receiver address 1036RA remote assistance 1037RA resource affinity 1038RA router advertisement 1039RAD rapid application development 1040RAID redundant array of {independent,inexpensive} disks 1041RAM random access memory 1042RAS reliability, availability and serviceability 1043RAS remote access service 1044RAS restartable atomic sequence 1045RAS row address strobe 1046RBF radial basis function 1047RBT red-black tree 1048RC release candidate 1049RC remote control 1050RCS Revision Control System 1051RCS revision control system 1052RCU read, copy, update 1053RDB Rigid Disk Block 1054RDBMS relational database management system 1055RDF Resource Description Framework 1056RDM relational data model 1057RDMA remote direct memory access 1058RE regular expression 1059REST representational state transfer 1060RF radio frequency 1061RFI radio frequency interference 1062RFO request for ownership 1063RGB red green blue 1064RGBA red green blue alpha 1065RH read hit 1066RHEL Red Hat Enterprise Linux 1067RHL Red Hat Linux 1068RIB routing information base 1069RIFF Resource Interchange File Format 1070RIP Routing Information Protocol 1071RIR regional Internet registry 1072RISC reduced instruction set {computer,computing} 1073RKM ROM Kernel Manual 1074RLE run length encoding 1075RLL run length limited 1076RLO right-to-left override 1077RM read miss 1078RMI remote method invocation 1079RMPM rapid memory power management 1080RMS root mean square 1081RMW read, modify, write 1082RNG random number generator 1083ROM read only memory 1084RPC remote procedure call 1085RPKI resource PKI 1086RPL requested privilege level 1087RPM revolutions per minute 1088RPN reverse Polish notation 1089RPVST Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree 1090RR random replacement 1091RR round robin 1092RS relay station 1093RSA Rivest, Shamir, [and] Adleman 1094RSIP Realm Specific IP 1095RSN Robust Secure Network 1096RSS really simple syndication 1097RSS residual sum of squares 1098RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol 1099RT real time 1100RTC real time clock 1101RTC real time computing 1102RTF rich text format 1103RTL register transfer language 1104RTL resistor-transistor logic 1105RTL right to left 1106RTOS real time operating system 1107RTS request to send 1108RTT round trip time 1109RUP rational unified process 1110RW Rabin-Williams 1111RWM read-write memory 1112RX {receive,receiver} 1113S/PDIF Sony/Philips Digital Interface Format 1114SA security advisory 1115SA security association 1116SA source address 1117SA structured analysis 1118SAAS software as a service 1119SACD super audio compact disc 1120SAD security association database 1121SAL system abstraction layer 1122SAM serial access memory 1123SAM sum addressed memory 1124SAN storage area network 1125SAP service access point 1126SAPIC streamlined advanced programmable interrupt controller 1127SASD structured analysis, structured design 1128SASI Shugart Associates System Interface 1129SASL simple authentication [and] security layer 1130SATA serial advanced technology attachment 1131SB sound blaster 1132SBU standard build unit 1133SC store conditional 1134SCA source code analyzer 1135SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition 1136SCC single chip cloud 1137SCC source code control 1138SCCS Source Code Control System 1139SCI scalable coherent interface 1140SCI system control interrupt 1141SCM software configuration management 1142SCM source code management 1143SCM storage-class memory 1144SCP secure copy 1145SCSI Small Computer System Interface 1146SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol 1147SDI symbol deinterleave 1148SDK software development kit 1149SDL Simple Declarative Language 1150SDL Simple Direct-media Layer 1151SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory 1152SDT syntax-directed translation 1153SEGV segmentation violation 1154SEO search engine optimization 1155SFC sequential function chart 1156SFI simple firmware interface 1157SFI software fault isolation 1158SFTP SSH File Transfer Protocol 1159SFTP Serial File Transfer Protocol 1160SFTP Simple File Transfer Protocol 1161SGRAM synchronous graphics random access memory 1162SHA secure hash algorithm 1163SIDH supersingular isogeny Diffie-Hellman 1164SIEM security information and event management 1165SIFS short inter-frame space 1166SIMD single instruction, multiple data 1167SIMM single inline memory module 1168SIP Session Initiation Protocol 1169SIR signal-to-interference ratio 1170SIR slow infrared 1171SISD single instruction, single data 1172SLC single-level cell 1173SLDRAM synchronous-link dynamic random access memory 1174SLED single large expensive disk 1175SLI scalable link interface 1176SLI scan-line interleave 1177SLOC source lines of code 1178SLRU segmented LRU 1179SMA smart memory access 1180SMAF system management action field 1181SMAP Simple Mail Access Protocol 1182SMAP supervisor mode access prevention 1183SMART self-monitoring analysis and reporting technology 1184SMBIOS System Management BIOS 1185SMC system management controller 1186SMF single mode fiber 1187SMI structure of management information 1188SMI system management interrupt 1189SMM system management mode 1190SMP symmetric multiprocessing 1191SMT simultaneous multithreading 1192SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 1193SMU system management unit 1194SNAP Sub-Network Access Protocol 1195SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol 1196SNR signal-to-noise ratio 1197SOA service oriented architecture 1198SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol 1199SOC system on chip 1200SOF start of frame 1201SOH start of header 1202SOHO small office/home office 1203SOL serial over LAN 1204SP service pack 1205SP stack pointer 1206SPARC scalable processor architecture 1207SPARQL SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language 1208SPD security policy database 1209SPD serial presence detect 1210SPDIF Sony/Philips digital interface format 1211SPI serial peripheral interface 1212SPI stateful packet inspection 1213SPMD single process, multiple data 1214SPR special purpose register 1215SPT sectors per track 1216SQA software quality assurance 1217SQL Structured Query Language 1218SRAM static random access memory 1219SRC sample rate conversion 1220SS self-snoop 1221SS stack segment 1222SSAP source service access point 1223SSB single-sideband modulation 1224SSD solid state drive 1225SSE streaming SIMD extensions 1226SSFDC solid state floppy disc card 1227SSH secure shell 1228SSI server side includes 1229SSID service set identifier 1230SSL secure sockets layer 1231SSP stack smashing protection 1232STC software thermal control 1233STD state transition diagram 1234STP Spanning Tree Protocol 1235STP shielded twisted pair 1236SUS Single Unix Specification 1237SUT system under test 1238SVG scalable vector graphics 1239SVGA Super Video Graphics Array 1240SVM secure virtual machine 1241SVM support vector machine 1242SVR System V Release 1243SWF Shockwave Flash 1244SWIG simplified wrapper [and] interface generator 1245SYR symbol timing recovery 1246TA test assertion 1247TA transmitter address 1248TAI international atomic time 1249TAO track at once 1250TAOCP The Art of Computer Programming 1251TAP Test Anything Protocol 1252TAS test and set 1253TB terabyte 1254TCB trace capture buffer 1255TCB trusted computing base 1256TCC thermal control circuit 1257TCL tool command language 1258TCP Transmission Control Protocol 1259TCQ tagged command queueing 1260TDC time [to] digital converter 1261TDD test driven development 1262TDD time division duplex 1263TDM time division multiplexing 1264TDMA time division multiple access 1265TDOA time difference of arrival 1266TDP thermal design {point,power} 1267TECO Text Editor and Corrector 1268TFT thin film transistor 1269TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol 1270TIAS try it and see 1271TIFF tagged image file format 1272TITS try it to see 1273TK temporal key 1274TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol 1275TLA top level aggregator 1276TLB translation lookaside buffer 1277TLD top level domain 1278TLS thread local storage 1279TLS transport layer security 1280TM Turing machine 1281TM thermal monitor 1282TMDS transition minimized differential signaling 1283TMO timeout 1284TOD time of day 1285TOS terms of service 1286TOS trusted operating system 1287TOS type of service 1288TP transaction processing 1289TPI tracks per inch 1290TPM transactions per minute 1291TPM trusted platform module 1292TPR task priority register 1293TPS transactions per second 1294TPS transmission parameters signaling 1295TR task register 1296TR token ring 1297TRL timing recovery loop 1298TRNG true random number generator 1299TS terminal services 1300TS time series 1301TS time stamp 1302TS transport stream 1303TSC time stamp counter 1304TSD time stamp disable 1305TSL test, set, lock 1306TSO time sharing option 1307TSP Time-Stamp Protocol 1308TSP Tunnel Setup Protocol 1309TSP time synchronization protocol 1310TSP traveling salesman problem 1311TSS task state segment 1312TTL time to live 1313TTL transistor-transistor logic 1314TTM translation table maps 1315TTY teletype 1316TUI {terminal,text-based,textual} user interface 1317TX {transmit out,transmitter} 1318TZ time zone 1319UAC user {access,account} control 1320UAF use-after-free 1321UART universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter 1322UAT user acceptance testing 1323UC uncacheable 1324UCS uniform-cost search 1325UDMA ultra DMA 1326UDO ultra density optical 1327UDP User Datagram Protocol 1328UEFI unified extensible firmware interface 1329UFS Unix File System 1330UGA universal graphics adapter 1331UI unit interval 1332UI user interface 1333UID unique identifier 1334UID user identifier 1335UL upload 1336UMA uniform memory access 1337UMA upper memory area 1338UMB upper memory block 1339UML unified modeling language 1340UMPC ultra-mobile PC 1341UPNP universal plug and play 1342UPS uninterruptible power supply 1343URI uniform resource identifier 1344URL uniform resource locator 1345URN uniform resource name 1346USART universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver/transmitter 1347USB universal serial bus 1348USWC uncacheable speculative write combining 1349UT unit test 1350UTC coordinated universal time 1351UTP unshielded twisted pair 1352UUCP Unix-to-Unix Copy Protocol 1353UUID universally unique identifier 1354UUOC useless use of cat 1355UUT unit under test 1356UX user experience 1357VA vertical alignment 1358VA virtual address 1359VA volt-ampere 1360VAX virtual address extension 1361VB Visual Basic 1362VCA variable-gain amplifier 1363VCC common collector voltage 1364VCF voltage-controlled filter 1365VCM virtual channel memory 1366VCO voltage-controlled oscillator 1367VCS version control system 1368VESA Video Electronics Standards Association 1369VFO variable-frequency oscillator 1370VG volume group 1371VGA Video Graphics Array 1372VHDCI very high density cable interconnect 1373VID voltage level identifier 1374VIPT virtually indexed, physically tagged 1375VIVT virtually indexed, virtually tagged 1376VLAN virtual local area network 1377VLIW very long instruction word 1378VLSI very large scale integration 1379VLSM variable length subnet mask 1380VM virtual {machine,memory} 1381VME virtual mode extension 1382VMX vector multimedia extensions 1383VMX virtual machine extensions 1384VOD video on demand 1385VPN virtual private network 1386VR virtual reality 1387VRAM video random access memory 1388VRM voltage regulator module 1389VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol 1390VSTP VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol 1391VTP VLAN Trunking Protocol 1392W watt 1393W3C World Wide Web Consortium 1394WAN wide area network 1395WAP Wireless Application Protocol 1396WAP wireless access point 1397WDT watchdog timer 1398WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy 1399WFI wait for interrupt 1400WFQ weighted fair queuing 1401WH write hit 1402WIFI wireless fidelity 1403WLAN wireless local area network 1404WM write miss 1405WMI Windows Management Instrumentation 1406WOL Wake-on-LAN 1407WOM Wake-on-Modem 1408WOR Wake-on-Ring 1409WORM write once read many 1410WP WordPerfect 1411WP word processor 1412WP write protect 1413WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access 1414WPA2 Wi-Fi Protected Access II 1415WPS Wi-Fi Protected Setup 1416WRAM window random access memory 1417WS web services 1418WTC write through caching 1419WWAN wireless wide area network 1420WWW world wide web 1421WYSIWYG what you see is what you get 1422XBAR crossbar 1423XDMCP X Display Manager control protocol 1424XER XML encoding rules 1425XGA Extended Graphics Array 1426XIP execute in place 1427XML Extensible Markup Language 1428XOR exclusive or 1429XP extreme programming 1430XSI X/Open System Interface 1431XSL extensible stylesheet language 1432XSS cross site scripting 1433XT extended technology 1434XUL XML user interface language 1435YACC yet another compiler compiler 1436YAWPFAPR you are welcome; please file a problem report 1437YP Yellow Pages 1438YTD year to date 1439ZBR zone bit recording 1440ZFOD zero-filled on demand 1441ZIF zero insertion force 1442ZIFS zero insertion force socket 1443ZMA zone multicast address 1444