acronyms.comp revision 1.219
1$NetBSD: acronyms.comp,v 1.219 2018/12/06 14:22:48 ginsbach Exp $ 23WHS three-way handshake 38VSB 8-state vestigial side band modulation 4AA anti-aliasing 5AAA authentication, authorization, [and] accounting 6AAT average access time 7ABI application binary interface 8ABR available bit rate 9ABRT automatic bug reporting tool 10AC alternating current 11ACI adjacent channel interferer 12ACID atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability 13ACK Amsterdam compiler kit 14ACK acknowledgement 15ACL access control list 16ACL active current loop 17ACP auxiliary control {process,program} 18ACPI advanced configuration and power interface 19ACS access control set 20ACU automatic calling unit 21ADB Apple desktop bus 22ADC analog [to] digital converter 23ADD acronym driven development 24ADO active data objects 25ADP automatic data processing 26ADPCM adaptive differential pulse code modulation 27ADS alternate data stream 28ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line 29ADT abstract data type 30AER advanced error reporting 31AES Advanced Encryption Standard 32AFP Apple Filing Protocol 33AFS Andrew File System 34AGC automatic gain control 35AGP accelerated graphics port 36AI analog input 37AI artificial intelligence 38AL access list 39AL active link 40ALE address latch enable 41ALS ambient light sensor 42ALU arithmetic and logical unit 43ALUA asymmetric logical unit access 44AM access method 45AM alignment mask 46AM amplitude modulation 47AMD Advanced Micro Devices Inc 48AMDD Agile model-driven development 49AMI alternate mark inversion 50AMP asymmetric multiprocessing 51AMQP advanced message queuing protocol 52AMT active management technology 53AN Arabic number 54ANR application not responding 55ANSI American National Standards Institute 56AO analog output 57AOL Alert-on-LAN 58AOS add or subtract 59AP access point 60AP application processor 61API application programming interface 62APEI ACPI platform error interface 63APIC advanced programmable interrupt controller 64APIPA automatic private IP addressing 65APM advanced power management 66APM application performance management 67APU accelerated processing unit 68APT advanced persistent threat 69AQM active queue management 70ARAT always running APIC timer 71ARC adaptive replacement cache 72ARC Advanced RISC Computing 73ARC automatic reference counting 74ARM Advanced RISC Machines 75ARP Address Resolution Protocol 76ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency 77ARQ automatic repeat request 78ARR address range register 79ARU audio response unit 80AS autonomous system 81ASA Adaptive Security Appliance 82ASAN Address Sanitizer 83ASC advanced smart cache 84ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange 85ASD agile software development 86ASE advanced software environment 87ASF alert standard format 88ASIC application-specific integrated circuit 89ASK amplitude shift keying 90ASLR address space layout randomization 91ASN autonomous system number 92ASPM active state power management 93ASQ automated software quality 94ASR address space register 95AST abstract syntax tree 96AST asynchronous system trap 97AT access time 98AT advanced technology 99ATA advanced technology attachment 100ATAPI advanced technology attachment packet interface 101ATC address translation cache 102ATM asynchronous transfer mode 103ATX advanced technology extended 104AV anti virus 105AVL Adelson-Velsky-Landis 106AVX advanced vector extensions 107BA byte align 108BAL basic assembly language 109BAR base address register 110BBS bulletin board system 111BCC blind carbon copy 112BCD binary coded decimal 113BCR byte count register 114BCS base configuration space 115BD baud 116BDD binary decision diagram 117BDI bit deinterleave 118BDUF big design up front 119BEDO burst extended data output 120BER basic encoding rules 121BER bit error {rate,ratio} 122BERT boot error record table 123BFD binary {file,format} descriptor 124BFKL big fscking kernel lock 125BFS breadth-first search 126BFT binary file transfer 127BGA ball grid array 128BGP Border Gateway Protocol 129BGPSEC BGP Security 130BIND Berkeley Internet Name Daemon 131BIOS Basic Input/Output System 132BIOS built-in operating system 133BIST built-in self-test 134BIU bus interface unit 135BKDG BIOS and kernel developer's guide 136BLAS basic linear algebra subprograms 137BLC back light control 138BLOB binary large object 139BM bus master 140BMC baseboard management controller 141BMIC bus master interface controller 142BN boundary neutral 143BNF Backus-Naur form 144BO binary output 145BOF beginning of file 146BOM beginning of message 147BOM byte order mark 148BP base pointer 149BP boot processor 150BPB BIOS parameter block 151BPDU bridge protocol data unit 152BPF Berkeley Packet Filter 153BPI bits per inch 154BPM business process modelling 155BPS bits per second 156BPSK binary phase shift keying 157BQS Berkeley quality software 158BRE basic regular expression 159BS backspace 160BS binary sequence 161BSA basic service area 162BSD Berkeley Software Distribution 163BSDP Boot Service Discovery Protocol 164BSF bit scan forward 165BSOD blue screen of death 166BSP binary space partition 167BSP board support package 168BSP bootstrap processor 169BSR bit scan reverse 170BSS basic service set 171BSS block started by symbol 172BSSID basic service set identifier 173BT BitTorrent 174BT Bluetooth 175BT bit test 176BTC bit test [and] complement 177BTR bit test [and] reset 178BTS bit test [and] set 179BTS bug tracking system 180BW bandwidth 181BWM block-write mode 182BUAG big ugly ASCII graphic 183CA certificate authority 184CAD computer-aided design 185CAM computer assisted manufacturing 186CAM conditional access module 187CAM content addressable memory 188CARP Common Address Redundancy Protocol 189CAS column address strobe 190CAS compare and swap 191CAS computer algebra system 192CASE computer aided software engineering 193CAU control access unit 194CAV constant angular velocity 195CBC cipher block chaining 196CBR constant bit rate 197CC carbon copy 198CCD charge coupled device 199CCI co-channel interferer 200CCNUMA cache-coherent non-uniform memory access 201CD cache disable 202CD compact disc 203CDDA compact disc digital audio 204CDMA code division multiple access 205CDP Cisco Discovery Protocol 206CDRAM cache dynamic random access memory 207CER canonical encoding rules 208CF compact flash 209CFB cipher feedback 210CFG context-free grammar 211CFG control-flow graph 212CFI control-flow integrity sanitizer 213CG control gate 214CGA Color Graphics Adapter 215CGI common gateway interface 216CGN Carrier-Grade NAT 217CHAP Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol 218CHS cylinder/head/sector 219CI continuous integration 220CI {common,component} interface 221CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing 222CIFS Common Internet File System 223CIL common intermediate language 224CIR carrier-to-interference ratio 225CIS contact image sensor 226CISC complex instruction set {computer,computing} 227CJK Chinese, Japanese, [and] Korean 228CLF common log format 229CLI command line interface 230CLR common language runtime 231CLTT closed loop thermal throttling 232CLUT color look-up table 233CLV constant linear velocity 234CM configuration management 235CMA concert multithread architecture 236CMC chassis management controller 237CMC corrected machine check 238CMS {configuration,content,course} management system 239CMI control {management,method} interface 240CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor 241CMP chip multi-processing 242CMS content management system 243CMYK cyan magenta yellow black 244CN {common,canonical} name 245CNC computer numerical control 246CNR carrier-to-noise ratio 247COF current operating frequency 248COFDM coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing 249COFF common object file format 250COM component object model 251COMA cache-only memory architecture 252CORBA common object request broker architecture 253COS class of service 254COW copy-on-write 255CP continuous pilot 256CPB core performance boost 257CPC central processor complex 258CPC cpu performance counters 259CPE common phase error 260CPE common platform enumeration 261CPER common platform error record 262CPG clock pulse generator 263CPI cycles per instruction 264CPL current privilege level 265CPLD complex programmable logic device 266CPP C preprocessor 267CPS characters per second 268CPT command pass through 269CPU central processing unit 270CR carriage return 271CRC cyclic redundancy check 272CRL carrier recovery loop 273CRLF carriage return line feed 274CRT cathode ray tube 275CRUD create, read, update, and delete 276CS cable select 277CS chip select 278CS code segment 279CS computer science 280CSDL {common,conceptual} schema definition language 281CSI channel state information 282CSI common system interface 283CSMA carrier sense multiple access 284CSMA/CA carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance 285CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection 286CSR control [and] status registers 287CSRG Computer Systems Research Group 288CSS cascading style sheets 289CSV comma-separated values 290CTM close to metal 291CTR counter [mode] 292CTS clear to send 293CUA common user access 294CUT coordinated universal time 295CV control voltage 296CVE common vulnerabilities and exposures 297CVS Concurrent Versions System 298DA destination address 299DAA distributed application architecture 300DAB digital audio broadcasting 301DAC digital [to] analog converter 302DAC discretionary access control 303DAD duplicate address detection 304DANE DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities 305DAO disk at once 306DAP Directory Access Protocol 307DAT digital audio tape 308DAT dynamic acceleration technology 309DB database 310DBA database administrator 311DBA dynamic bandwidth allocation 312DBB data bus buffer 313DBC design by contract 314DBL dynamic buffer limiting 315DBMS database management system 316DBS database server 317DC direct current 318DCC Direct Client-to-Client 319DCC direct cable connect 320DCD data carrier detect 321DCE data control equipment 322DCE distributed computing environment 323DCIM data center infrastructure management 324DCIM digital camera images 325DCL Digital Command Language 326DCOM distributed component object model 327DCOP Desktop COmmunication Protocol 328DCS data collection systems 329DCT discrete cosine transform 330DCU data cache unit 331DDC display data channel 332DDE dynamic data exchange 333DDK device driver kit 334DDL data description language 335DDR double data rate 336DDS direct digital sound 337DDWG Digital Display Working Group 338DE debugging extensions 339DE desktop environment 340DEA data encryption algorithm 341DEC Digital Equipment Corporation 342DEK data encryption key 343DEP data execution prevention 344DER distinguished encoding rules 345DES Data Encryption Standard 346DF don't fragment 347DFA deterministic finite automaton 348DFC data flow control 349DFS depth first search 350DFS distributed file system 351DFSAN Data Flow Sanitizer 352DFT diagnostic function test 353DFT discrete Fourier transform 354DGL data generation language 355DH Diffie-Hellman 356DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 357DIFS distributed inter-frame space 358DIMM dual inline memory module 359DIRT design in real time 360DL diode logic 361DL discrete logarithm 362DL download 363DLE data link escape 364DLL dynamic link library 365DLP discrete logarithm problem 366DMA direct memory access 367DMI desktop management interface 368DMS document management system 369DMT discrete multitone modulation 370DNARD Digital network appliance reference design 371DND drag and drop 372DNS Domain Name System 373DNSSEC DNS Security Extensions 374DOE distributed object environment 375DOF data over fibre 376DOM document object model 377DOS denial of service 378DOS disk operating system 379DP DisplayPort 380DPC deferred procedure call 381DPCM differential pulse code modulation 382DPD dead peer detection 383DPI deep packet inspection 384DPI dots per inch 385DPL descriptor privilege level 386DPS Display PostScript 387DPST display power savings technology 388DRAAS disaster recovery as a service 389DRAM dynamic random access memory 390DRBG deterministic random bit generator 391DRI direct rendering infrastructure 392DRM digital rights management 393DRRS display refresh rate switching 394DS debug store 395DSA digital signature algorithm 396DSAP destination service access point 397DSB double-sideband modulation 398DSDT differentiated system descriptor table 399DSL digital subscriber line 400DSL domain specific language 401DSLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer 402DSN delivery status notification 403DSO dynamic shared object 404DSP digital signal processor 405DSSS direct sequence spread spectrum 406DTD document type definition 407DTE data terminal equipment 408DTE dumb terminal emulator 409DTL diode-transistor logic 410DTLS datagram transport layer security 411DTS digital thermal sensor 412DUT device under test 413DVB digital video broadcasting 414DVCS distributed version control system 415DVD digital versatile disc 416DVFS dynamic voltage and frequency scaling 417DVI device independent 418DVI Digital Visual Interface 419DVR digital video recorder 420E-XER extended XML encoding rules 421EABI embedded-application binary interface 422EAI Email Address Internationalization 423EAI Enterprise Application Integration 424EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol 425EAPOL EAP over Lan 426EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code 427EBDA Extended BIOS Data Area 428EBR extended boot record 429EC elliptic curve 430ECC elliptic curve cryptography 431ECC error correction code 432ECDH elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman 433ECDL elliptic curve discrete logarithm 434ECDLP elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem 435ECDSA elliptic curve digital signature algorithm 436ECL emitter-coupled logic 437ECN explicit congestion notification 438ECP enhanced capability port 439ECS enhanced chip set 440ECS extended configuration space 441EDAC error detection and correction 442EDAT enhanced dynamic acceleration technology 443EdDSA Edwards curve digital signature algorithm 444EDGE explicit data graph execution 445EDID extended display identification data 446EDO extended data out 447EDS electronical data sheet 448EEE energy efficient ethernet 449EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory 450EFI extensible firmware interface 451EFL emitter follower logic 452EFM eight to fourteen modulation 453EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter 454EGP exterior gateway protocol 455EH extension header 456EIDE enhanced IDE 457EISA extended industry standard architecture 458EINJ error injection table 459ELF executable and linking format 460ELS entry level system 461EMI electro-magnetic interference 462EMP electro-magnetic pulse 463EMR electro-magnetic radiation 464EMACS Editor MACroS 465EOF end of file 466EOI end of interrupt 467EOL end of line 468EOT end of transmission 469EPIC explicitly parallel instruction computing 470EPP enhanced parallel port 471EPRML extended partial response, maximum likelihood 472EPROM erasable programmable read only memory 473ERD emergency recovery disk 474ERD entity relationship diagram 475ERE extended regular expression 476ERST error record serialization table 477ESAN Efficiency Sanitizer 478ESB enterprise service bus 479ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory 480ESS electronic switching system 481ESS extended service set 482ESSID extended service set identifier 483EST enhanced speedstep 484ETL extract, transform, load 485EU execution unit 486EULA end user license agreement 487FAT file allocation table 488FBRAM frame buffer random access memory 489FCL fiber channel loop 490FCS frame check sequence 491FDC floppy disk controller 492FDD floppy disk drive 493FDDI fiber distributed data interface 494FDE full disk encryption 495FDT flattened device tree 496FEA finite element analysis 497FEC forward error correction 498FET field-effect transistor 499FF finite field 500FF form feed 501FFDH finite-field Diffie-Hellman 502FFH functional fixed hardware 503FFI foreign function interface 504FFM focus follows mouse 505FFS Fast File System 506FFS find first set 507FFT fast Fourier transform 508FG floating gate 509FHSS frequency hop spread spectrum 510FID frequency identifier 511FIFO first in, first out 512FILO first in, last out 513FIPS Federal Information Processing Standards 514FIR fast infrared 515FLOPS floating [point] operations per second 516FLOSS free/libre/open source software 517FM frequency modulation 518FMR false match rate 519FOSS free/open source software 520FPGA field programmable gate array 521FPM fast page mode 522FPR floating point register 523FPU floating point unit 524FQDN fully qualified domain name 525FRR false rejection rate 526FRU field replaceable unit 527FS file system 528FSB front side bus 529FSCK file system check 530FSF Free Software Foundation 531FSK frequency shift keying 532FSM finite-state machine 533FTA fault tree analysis 534FTL flash translation layer 535FTP File Transfer Protocol 536FTPS File Transfer Protocol Secure 537FUS fast user switching 538FWH firmware hub 539FWS folding white space 540GAL generic array logic 541GAS generic address structure 542GC garbage collector 543GCM Galois counter mode 544GCR group-coded recording 545GDI Graphics Device Interface 546GDT global descriptor table 547GEM graphics environment manager 548GEM graphics execution manager 549GENA general event notification architecture 550GHC Glasgow Haskell compiler 551GHES generic hardware error source 552GIC generic interrupt controller 553GID group identifier 554GIF graphics interchange format 555GMCH graphics and memory controller hub 556GNU GNU's Not Unix 557GOP graphics output protocol 558GOT global offset table 559GPE general purpose event 560GPF general protection fault 561GPG GNU Privacy Guard 562GPL [GNU] General Public License 563GPR general purpose register 564GPS generalized processor sharing 565GPT GUID partition table 566GPU graphics processing unit 567GR golden ratio 568GRE generic routing encapsulation 569GSI global system interrupt 570GUI graphical user interface 571GUID globally unique identifier 572GVFS git virtual file system 573HA high availability 574HAL hardware abstraction layer 575HAT hashed array tree 576HATEOAS hypermedia as the engine of application state 577HBA host bus adapter 578HCF halt and catch fire 579HCI host controller interface 580HCI human-computer interaction 581HCL hardware compatibility list 582HDCP High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection 583HDD hard disk drive 584HDL hardware description language 585HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface 586HDTV high-definition television 587HECI host embedded controller interface 588HEST hardware error source table 589HF high frequency 590HFM highest frequency mode 591HID human interface device 592HKP HTTP Keyserver Protocol 593HLL high-level language 594HMA high memory area 595HMI human-machine interface 596HOOD hierarchical object oriented design 597HP Hewlett-Packard 598HPC high performance computing 599HPET high precision event timer 600HSM hardware security module 601HSM hierarchical storage management 602HT hyper-threading 603HTC hardware thermal control 604HTCC high temperature co-fired ceramic 605HTML HyperText Markup Language 606HTT hyper-threading technology 607HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol 608HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure 609HVM hardware virtual machine 610HVDS High-Voltage Differential Signaling 611HWASAN Hardware-assisted Address Sanitizer 612HZ Hertz 613I2O intelligent input/output 614IA information assurance 615IAAS infrastructure as a service 616IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority 617IBC iterated block cipher 618IBM International Business Machines 619IBS instruction based sampling 620IBSS independent basic service set 621IC integrated circuit 622ICA independent computer architecture 623ICB Internet Citizen's Band 624ICE in-circuit emulator 625ICE internal compiler error 626ICH I/O controller hub 627ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol 628ICT information and communications technology 629ICW initialization command word 630IDA Intel dynamic acceleration 631IDCMP Intuition direct communication message port 632IDE integrated development environment 633IDE integrated drive electronics 634IDPS intrusion detection [and] prevention system 635IDRP inter-domain routing protocol 636IDS intrusion detection system 637IDT interrupt descriptor table 638IE Internet Explorer 639IEC International Electrotechnical Commission 640IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 641IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group 642IETF Internet Engineering Task Force 643IF intermediate frequency 644IFCM isochronous flow control mode 645IFF Interchange File Format 646IFS internal field separator 647IGD Internet gateway device 648IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol 649IGP interior gateway protocol 650IHV independent hardware vendor 651IKE Internet key exchange 652ILM internal loopback mode 653ILOM integrated lights-out management 654ILP instruction level parallelism 655IM instant messaging 656IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol 657IMC integrated memory controller 658IMCR interrupt mode configuration register 659IMR interrupt mask register 660IMS information management system 661INCITS InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards 662IO input/output 663IOCTL input/output control 664IOMMU input/output memory management unit 665IOT Internet of Things 666IP Internet Protocol 667IP intellectual property 668IPC instructions per cycle 669IPC interprocess communication 670IPE integrated programming environment 671IPI interprocessor interrupt 672IPL Initial Program Load 673IPL Interrupt Priority Level 674IPMB Intelligent Platform Management Bus 675IPMI Intelligent Platform Management Interface 676IPNG Internet Protocol, Next Generation 677IPS in-plane switching 678IPS intrusion prevention system 679IPSEC Internet Protocol Security 680IRC Internet Relay Chat 681IRDA infrared data association 682IRQ interrupt request 683IRQL interrupt request level 684IRR interrupt request register 685IRTF Internet Research Task Force 686IS information system 687ISA industry standard architecture 688ISA instruction set architecture 689ISDN integrated services digital network 690ISI inter-symbol interference 691ISM industrial, scientific, [and] medical 692ISN initial serial number 693ISO International Standards Organization 694ISOC Internet Society 695ISP Internet service provider 696ISR in-service register 697ISR interrupt service routine 698IST interrupt stack table 699ISV independent software vendor 700IT information technology 701ITB Intel Turbo Boost 702ITIL information technology infrastructure library 703ITP in-target probe 704ITSM IT service management 705IV initialization vector 706IVT interrupt vector table 707JBOD just a bunch of disks 708JFET junction [gate] field-effect transistor 709JIT just in time 710JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group 711JRE Java Runtime Environment 712JSON JavaScript Object Notation 713JTAG joint test action group 714KASLR kernel address space layout randomization 715KB keyboard 716KB kilobyte 717KBD keyboard 718KBD kilobaud 719KCS keyboard controller style 720KLOC thousand lines of code 721KMS kernel-mode setting 722KPI kernel programming interface 723KVA kernel virtual address 724KVM kernel virtual machine 725KVM kernel virtual memory 726KVM keyboard, video, [and] mouse 727LAMP Linux Apache MySQL {Perl,PHP,Python} 728LAN local area network 729LAPIC local advanced programmable interrupt controller 730LAR load access rights 731LBA logical block addressing 732LBS location-based service 733LCD liquid crystal display 734LCP link control protocol 735LDA local delivery agent 736LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 737LDR light-dependent resistor 738LDT local descriptor table 739LE logical extent 740LED light emitting diode 741LER label edge router 742LF line feed 743LF low frequency 744LFM lowest frequency mode 745LFN long file names 746LFO low-frequency oscillation 747LFS log-structured file system 748LFU least frequently used 749LHP loop heat pipe 750LIFO last in, first out 751LILO LInux LOader 752LILO last in, last out 753LINT local interrupt 754LIR local Internet registry 755LISP LISt Processor 756LISP Locator/ID Separation Protocol 757LKM {Linux,loadable} kernel module 758LKML Linux kernel mailing list 759LL load linked 760LL/SC load linked/store conditional 761LLC logical link control 762LLDP link layer discovery protocol 763LLF low level format 764LLMNR link-local multicast name resolution 765LLVM Low Level Virtual Machine 766LM long mode 767LMM link management mode 768LNO loop nest optimization 769LOC lines of code 770LOM lights-out management 771LPE Linux performance events 772LPC low pin count 773LPS local positioning system 774LRC longitudinal redundancy check 775LRM left-to-right mark 776LRO left-to-right override 777LRU least recently used 778LSAN Leak Sanitizer 779LSB Linux standards base 780LSB least significant {bit,byte} 781LSI large scale integration 782LSL load segment limit 783LSM log structured merge 784LSN Large Scale NAT 785LSN log sequence number 786LSR label switch router 787LTCC low temperature co-fired ceramic 788LTO linear tape-open 789LTO link time optimization 790LTR left to right 791LTR load task register 792LTR letter(-sized paper) 793LTS long term support 794LUA Lua Uppercase Accident 795LUN logical unit number 796LV logical volume 797LVM logical volume management 798LVT local vector table 799LVDS Low-Voltage Differential Signaling 800LWP light-weight process 801LZW Lempel Ziv Welch 802MAC mandatory access control 803MAC {media,medium} access control 804MAC message authentication {check,code} 805MADT multiple APIC descriptor table 806MB megabyte 807MBA multi-boot agent 808MBR master boot record 809MBS megabits per second 810MC memory controller 811MCA machine check architecture 812MCA MicroChannel architecture 813MCC multiversion concurrency control 814MCE machine check exception 815MCGA Multi-Color Graphics Array 816MCH memory controller hub 817MCM multi-chip module 818MCQ memory controlled queue 819MD machine-dependent 820MD-SAL model-driven service abstraction layer 821MDA mail delivery agent 822MDA Monochrome Display Adapter 823MDC Management Data Clock 824MDI Medium Dependent Interface 825MDI-X Medium Dependent Interface Crossover 826MDIO Management Data Input/Output 827MDMX MIPS Digital Media eXtension 828MDRAM multibank dynamic random access memory 829MESI modified, exclusive, shared, invalid 830MFC merge from current 831MFC Microsoft Foundation Classes 832MFM modified frequency modulation 833MI machine-independent 834MIB management information base 835MIC message integrity {check,code} 836MID mobile Internet device 837MIDI musical instrument digital interface 838MIF management information format 839MII media independent interface 840MIM man in the middle 841MIMD multiple instruction, multiple data 842MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions 843MIMO multiple input multiple output 844MIPS million instructions per second 845MIPS Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages 846MISD multiple instruction, single data 847MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology 848MITM man in the middle 849ML machine language 850ML machine learning 851ML mailing list 852ML markup language 853ML maximum likelihood 854MLC multi-level cell 855MLD multicast listener discovery 856MLHP micro loop heat pipe 857MMF multi-mode fiber 858MMIC monolithic microwave integrated circuit 859MMIO memory mapped input/output 860MMORPG massive multiplayer online role playing game 861MMU memory management unit 862MMX matrix math extension 863MMX multimedia extension 864MMX multiple math extension 865MO magneto-optical 866MOESI modified, owned, exclusive, shared, invalid 867MOF maximum operating frequency 868MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor 869MOSI modified, owned, shared, invalid 870MP multi-platform 871MP multiplayer 872MP {multiprocessing,multiprocessor} 873MPEG moving picture experts group 874MPI message passing interface 875MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching 876MPP massively parallel processor 877MPS memory pool system 878MPS multiprocessor specification 879MQTT Message Queuing Telemetry Transport 880MR modem ready 881MRU most recently used 882MS Microsoft 883MSAN Memory Sanitizer 884MSB most significant {bit,byte} 885MSC message sequence chart 886MSE mean square error 887MSF minutes seconds frames 888MSI message signaled interrupt 889MSI modified, shared, invalid 890MSR {machine state,model-specific} register 891MSS maximum segment size 892MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol 893MT machine translation 894MTA mail transfer agent 895MTBF mean time between failures 896MTP media transfer protocol 897MTRR memory type range register 898MTTF mean time to failure 899MTU maximum transmission unit 900MUA mail user agent 901MUD multi-user domain 902MVCC multiversion concurrency control 903MWE module width encoding 904MX mail exchange 905NACK negative acknowledgement 906NAN not a number 907NAPT Network Address Port Translation 908NAS network attached storage 909NAT network address translation 910NAV network allocation vector 911NC numerical control 912NCO numerically-controlled oscillator 913NCP Network Control Protocol 914NCQ native command queuing 915ND neighbor discovery 916NDFA nondeterministic finite automaton 917NE numeric error 918NEWS Network extensible Window System 919NFA nondeterministic finite automaton 920NFC near-field communication 921NFCI no functional change intended 922NFS network file system 923NFV network function virtualization 924NIA next instruction address 925NIC network information center 926NIC network interface card 927NIDS network intrusion detection system 928NIP network interface protocol 929NIPS network intrusion prevention system 930NIS network information service 931NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology 932NLS native language support 933NMI non-maskable interrupt 934NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol 935NOC network operations center 936NOP no operation 937NOS network operating system 938NP nondeterministic polynomial time 939NRZ non-return to zero 940NSA nation-state adversary 941NSA no such agency 942NSA National Security Agency 943NTM non-deterministic Turing machine 944NTP Network Time Protocol 945NUMA non-uniform memory access 946NVRAM non-volatile random access memory 947NW not write-through 948NX no execute 949OAEP optimal asymmetric encryption padding 950OAM operations, administration, and {management,maintenance} 951OBO off by one 952OBOE off by one error 953OCL object constraint language 954OCR optical character recognition 955ODCM on-demand clock modulation 956ODT on-die termination 957OEM original equipment manufacturer 958OFB output feedback 959OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing 960OFET organic field-effect transistor 961OLAP online analytical processing 962OLE object linking and embedding 963OLTP online transaction processing 964ONFI open nand flash interface 965OO OpenOffice 966OO object oriented 967OOB out of band 968OOE out of order execution 969OOM out of memory 970OOO OpenOffice.org 971OOP object oriented programming 972OOPS object oriented programming systems 973OOSE object oriented software engineering 974OPM operations per minute 975OPS operations per second 976OQL Object Query Language 977ORB object request broker 978ORM object-relational mapping 979OS operating system 980OSD open source definition 981OSF open software foundation 982OSI Open Source Initiative 983OSI open systems interconnection 984OSPF open shortest path first 985OSPM OS power management 986OSS open sound system 987OSS open source software 988OSVW operating system visible workarounds 989OTP one time password 990OTP open telecom platform 991OU organizational unit 992OUI organizationally unique identifier 993OWL Web Ontology Language 994P2P PCI to PCI 995P2P peer to peer 996PA phase accumulator 997PA physical address 998PAAS platform as a service 999PAC phase-amplitude converter 1000PAE physical address extension 1001PAL phase alternating line 1002PAL programmable array logic 1003PAM pluggable authentication modules 1004PAM pulse amplitude modulation 1005PAP password authentication protocol 1006PAT page attribute table 1007PAT port address translation 1008PATA parallel ATA 1009PAX portable archive exchange 1010PBE pending break encoding 1011PBE programming by example 1012PC personal computer 1013PC program counter 1014PCB printed circuit board 1015PCB process control block 1016PCB Protocol Control Block 1017PCC Portable C Compiler 1018PCD page-level cache disable 1019PCE path computation element 1020PCE performance-monitor counter enable 1021PCEP Path Computation Element Protocol 1022PCH platform controller hub 1023PCI peripheral component interconnect 1024PCM phase change memory 1025PCM pulse code modulation 1026PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association 1027PCP Port Control Protocol 1028PD public domain 1029PDA personal digital assistant 1030PDA pushdown automaton 1031PDAG propositional directed acyclic graph 1032PDB power distribution board 1033PDF portable document format 1034PDM pulse-duration modulation 1035PDN pull-down network 1036PDP page {descriptor,directory} page 1037PDS product data sheet 1038PDU protocol data unit 1039PE protection enable 1040PEAP Protected EAP 1041PECI platform environment control interface 1042PEP protocol extension protocol 1043PER packed encoding rules 1044PFS perfect forward secrecy 1045PGAS partitioned global address space 1046PGE page global enable 1047PGP Pretty Good Privacy 1048PHB PCI host bridge 1049PHP PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor 1050PIC performance instrumentation counters 1051PIC position independent code 1052PIC programmable interrupt controller 1053PICNIC problem in chair, not in computer 1054PID process id 1055PIE position independent executable 1056PIL Priority Interrupt Level 1057PIM personal information manager 1058PIM platform-independent model 1059PIO programmed input/output 1060PIPT physically indexed, physically tagged 1061PIQ prefetch input queue 1062PIT programmable interrupt timer 1063PIV personal identity verification 1064PIX Private Internet eXchange 1065PKCS public-key cryptography standards 1066PKI public key infrastructure 1067PLC programmable logic controller 1068PLD programmable logic device 1069PLL phase locked loop 1070PLRU pseudo LRU 1071PLTM package level thermal management 1072PM power management 1073PM {phase,pulse} modulation 1074PMC performance monitoring counters 1075PME power management event 1076PMI performance monitoring infrastructure 1077PMI platform management interrupt 1078PMIO port-mapped input/output 1079PMT photo-multiplier tube 1080PMU performance monitoring units 1081PMU power management unit 1082PNG portable network graphics 1083PNP plug and play 1084POE power over ethernet 1085POF probability of failure 1086POP Post Office Protocol 1087POP power on password 1088POSIX Portable Operating System Interface [for Unix] 1089POST power on self test 1090POTS plain old telephone system 1091POWER Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC 1092POWERPC Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC - Performance Computing 1093PP pair programming 1094PPB PCI [to] PCI bridge 1095PPC PowerPC 1096PPC Power Performance Computing 1097PPI pixels per inch 1098PPM pages per minute 1099PPP Point-to-Point Protocol 1100PPPOA Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM 1101PPPOE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet 1102PPU physics processing unit 1103PRAM Parameter RAM 1104PRBS pseudorandom bit sequence 1105PRG pseudorandom generator 1106PRF pseudorandom function [family] 1107PRML partial response, maximum likelihood 1108PRN pseudorandom {noise,number} 1109PRNG pseudorandom number generator 1110PROM programmable read only memory 1111PRP pseudorandom permutation 1112PRU Programmable Realtime Unit 1113PS PostScript 1114PSD power spectral density 1115PSE page size extensions 1116PSK phase shift keying 1117PSK pre-shared key 1118PSTN public switched telephone network 1119PSW program status word 1120PTE page table entry 1121PTLA pseudo top level aggregator 1122PTP page table page 1123PTV perceived target value 1124PU processing unit 1125PUN physical unit number 1126PV physical volume 1127PVG physical volume group 1128PVI protected-mode virtual interrupt 1129PVST Per-VLAN Spanning Tree 1130PWM pulse width modulation 1131PXE preboot execution environment 1132QA quality assurance 1133QAM quadrature amplitude modulation 1134QAM quality assurance management 1135QBE query by example 1136QC quality control 1137QDI quasi delay insensitive 1138QOS quality of service 1139QVL qualified vendor list 1140R/O read only 1141R/W read/write 1142RA receiver address 1143RA remote assistance 1144RA resource affinity 1145RA router advertisement 1146RAD rapid application development 1147RAID redundant array of {independent,inexpensive} disks 1148RAM random access memory 1149RAS reliability, availability and serviceability 1150RAS remote access service 1151RAS restartable atomic sequence 1152RAS row address strobe 1153RBF radial basis function 1154RBT red-black tree 1155RC release candidate 1156RC remote control 1157RC run commands 1158RCS Revision Control System 1159RCS revision control system 1160RCU read, copy, update 1161RDB Rigid Disk Block 1162RDBMS relational database management system 1163RDF Resource Description Framework 1164RDM relational data model 1165RDMA remote direct memory access 1166RDRAM Rambus DRAM 1167RE regular expression 1168REST representational state transfer 1169RF radio frequency 1170RFI radio frequency interference 1171RFO request for ownership 1172RGB red green blue 1173RGBA red green blue alpha 1174RGMII reduced gigabit media independent interface 1175RH read hit 1176RHEL Red Hat Enterprise Linux 1177RHL Red Hat Linux 1178RIB routing information base 1179RIFF Resource Interchange File Format 1180RIP Raster Image Processor 1181RIP Routing Information Protocol 1182RIR regional Internet registry 1183RISC reduced instruction set {computer,computing} 1184RKM ROM Kernel Manual 1185RLE run length encoding 1186RLL run length limited 1187RLO right-to-left override 1188RM read miss 1189RMCP Remote Management Control Protocol 1190RMI remote method invocation 1191RMO Relaxed Memory Ordering 1192RMPM rapid memory power management 1193RMS root mean square 1194RMW read, modify, write 1195RNG random number generator 1196ROM read only memory 1197RPC remote procedure call 1198RPKI resource PKI 1199RPL requested privilege level 1200RPM revolutions per minute 1201RPN reverse Polish notation 1202RPVST Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree 1203RR random replacement 1204RR round robin 1205RS relay station 1206RSA Rivest, Shamir, [and] Adleman 1207RSIP Realm Specific IP 1208RSN Robust Secure Network 1209RSS really simple syndication 1210RSS residual sum of squares 1211RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol 1212RT real time 1213RTC real time clock 1214RTC real time computing 1215RTF rich text format 1216RTL register transfer language 1217RTL resistor-transistor logic 1218RTL right to left 1219RTOS real time operating system 1220RTS request to send 1221RTT round trip time 1222RUP rational unified process 1223RW Rabin-Williams 1224RWM read-write memory 1225RX {receive,receiver} 1226S/PDIF Sony/Philips Digital Interface Format 1227SA security advisory 1228SA security association 1229SA source address 1230SA structured analysis 1231SAAS software as a service 1232SACD super audio compact disc 1233SAD security association database 1234SAL {service,system} abstraction layer 1235SAM serial access memory 1236SAM sum addressed memory 1237SAML security assertion markup language 1238SAN storage area network 1239SAP service access point 1240SAPIC streamlined advanced programmable interrupt controller 1241SASD structured analysis, structured design 1242SASI Shugart Associates System Interface 1243SASL simple authentication [and] security layer 1244SATA serial advanced technology attachment 1245SAX simple API for XML 1246SB sound blaster 1247SBU standard build unit 1248SC store conditional 1249SCA source code analyzer 1250SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition 1251SCC single chip cloud 1252SCC source code control 1253SCCS Source Code Control System 1254SCI scalable coherent interface 1255SCI system control interrupt 1256SCM software configuration management 1257SCM source code management 1258SCM storage-class memory 1259SCP secure copy 1260SCSI Small Computer System Interface 1261SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol 1262SDEI software delegated exception interface 1263SDI symbol deinterleave 1264SDK software development kit 1265SDL Simple Declarative Language 1266SDL Simple Direct-media Layer 1267SDLC {software,system,systems} development life cycle 1268SDN software defined networking 1269SDP Session Description Protocol 1270SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory 1271SDS software defined storage 1272SDT syntax-directed translation 1273SEA synchronous external abort 1274SEGV segmentation violation 1275SEO search engine optimization 1276SFC sequential function chart 1277SFI simple firmware interface 1278SFI software fault isolation 1279SFTP SSH File Transfer Protocol 1280SFTP Serial File Transfer Protocol 1281SFTP Simple File Transfer Protocol 1282SGMII serial gigabit media independent interface 1283SGRAM synchronous graphics random access memory 1284SHA secure hash algorithm 1285SIDH supersingular isogeny Diffie-Hellman 1286SIEM security information and event management 1287SIFS short inter-frame space 1288SIMD single instruction, multiple data 1289SIMM single inline memory module 1290SIP Session Initiation Protocol 1291SIR signal-to-interference ratio 1292SIR slow infrared 1293SISD single instruction, single data 1294SLAAC stateless address auto-configuration 1295SLC single-level cell 1296SLDRAM synchronous-link dynamic random access memory 1297SLED single large expensive disk 1298SLI scalable link interface 1299SLI scan-line interleave 1300SLOC source lines of code 1301SLRU segmented LRU 1302SMA smart memory access 1303SMAF system management action field 1304SMAP Simple Mail Access Protocol 1305SMAP supervisor mode access prevention 1306SMART self-monitoring analysis and reporting technology 1307SMB Server Message Block 1308SMB system management bus 1309SMBIOS System Management BIOS 1310SMC system management controller 1311SMEP supervisor mode execution protection 1312SMF single mode fiber 1313SMI structure of management information 1314SMI system management interrupt 1315SMM system management mode 1316SMP symmetric multiprocessing 1317SMT simultaneous multithreading 1318SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 1319SMU system management unit 1320SNAP Sub-Network Access Protocol 1321SNIA Storage Networking Industry Association 1322SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol 1323SNR signal-to-noise ratio 1324SOA service oriented architecture 1325SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol 1326SOC system on chip 1327SOF start of frame 1328SOH start of header 1329SOHO small office/home office 1330SOL serial over LAN 1331SP service pack 1332SP stack pointer 1333SPARC scalable processor architecture 1334SPARQL SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language 1335SPD security policy database 1336SPD serial presence detect 1337SPDIF Sony/Philips digital interface format 1338SPI serial peripheral interface 1339SPI stateful packet inspection 1340SPL system interrupt priority level 1341SPL spinlock 1342SPMD single process, multiple data 1343SPR special purpose register 1344SPT sectors per track 1345SQA software quality assurance 1346SQL Structured Query Language 1347SRAM static random access memory 1348SRC sample rate conversion 1349SS self-snoop 1350SS stack segment 1351SSA static single assignment 1352SSAP source service access point 1353SSB single-sideband modulation 1354SSD solid state drive 1355SSE streaming SIMD extensions 1356SSFDC solid state floppy disc card 1357SSH secure shell 1358SSI server side includes 1359SSID service set identifier 1360SSL secure sockets layer 1361SSP stack smashing protection 1362STC software thermal control 1363STD state transition diagram 1364STOMP Streaming Text Oriented Messaging Protocol 1365STP Spanning Tree Protocol 1366STP shielded twisted pair 1367SUS Single Unix Specification 1368SUT system under test 1369SVG scalable vector graphics 1370SVGA Super Video Graphics Array 1371SVI {switch,switched} virtual interface 1372SVM secure virtual machine 1373SVM support vector machine 1374SVR System V Release 1375SVS Separate Virtual Space 1376SWF Shockwave Flash 1377SWIG simplified wrapper [and] interface generator 1378SYR symbol timing recovery 1379TA test assertion 1380TA transmitter address 1381TAI international atomic time 1382TAO track at once 1383TAOCP The Art of Computer Programming 1384TAP Test Anything Protocol 1385TAS test and set 1386TB terabyte 1387TCB trace capture buffer 1388TCB trusted computing base 1389TCC thermal control circuit 1390TCL tool command language 1391TCP Transmission Control Protocol 1392TCQ tagged command queueing 1393TDC time [to] digital converter 1394TDD test-driven development 1395TDD time division duplex 1396TDM time division multiplexing 1397TDMA time division multiple access 1398TDOA time difference of arrival 1399TDP thermal design {point,power} 1400TECO Text Editor and Corrector 1401TFT thin film transistor 1402TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol 1403TIAS try it and see 1404TIFF tagged image file format 1405TITS try it to see 1406TK temporal key 1407TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol 1408TLA top level aggregator 1409TLB translation lookaside buffer 1410TLD top level domain 1411TLS thread local storage 1412TLS transport layer security 1413TM Turing machine 1414TM thermal monitor 1415TMDS transition minimized differential signaling 1416TMO timeout 1417TOD time of day 1418TOS terms of service 1419TOS trusted operating system 1420TOS type of service 1421TP transaction processing 1422TPI tracks per inch 1423TPM transactions per minute 1424TPM trusted platform module 1425TPR task priority register 1426TPS transactions per second 1427TPS transmission parameters signaling 1428TR task register 1429TR token ring 1430TRL timing recovery loop 1431TRNG true random number generator 1432TS terminal services 1433TS time series 1434TS time stamp 1435TS transport stream 1436TSAN Thread Sanitizer 1437TSC time stamp counter 1438TSD time stamp disable 1439TSDB time series database 1440TSL test, set, lock 1441TSO time sharing option 1442TSO Total Store Ordering 1443TSP Time-Stamp Protocol 1444TSP Tunnel Setup Protocol 1445TSP time synchronization protocol 1446TSP traveling salesman problem 1447TSS task state segment 1448TTL time to live 1449TTL transistor-transistor logic 1450TTM translation table maps 1451TTY teletype 1452TUI {terminal,text-based,textual} user interface 1453TX {transmit out,transmitter} 1454TZ time zone 1455UAC user {access,account} control 1456UAF use-after-free 1457UART universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter 1458UAT user acceptance testing 1459UB undefined behavior 1460UBSAN Undefined Behavior Sanitizer 1461UC uncacheable 1462UCS uniform-cost search 1463UDMA ultra DMA 1464UDO ultra density optical 1465UDP User Datagram Protocol 1466UEFI unified extensible firmware interface 1467UFS Unix File System 1468UGA universal graphics adapter 1469UI unit interval 1470UI user interface 1471UID unique identifier 1472UID user identifier 1473UL upload 1474UMA uniform memory access 1475UMA upper memory area 1476UMB upper memory block 1477UML unified modeling language 1478UMPC ultra-mobile PC 1479UPNP universal plug and play 1480UPS uninterruptible power supply 1481URI uniform resource identifier 1482URL uniform resource locator 1483URN uniform resource name 1484USART universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver/transmitter 1485USB universal serial bus 1486USWC uncacheable speculative write combining 1487UT unit test 1488UTC coordinated universal time 1489UTP unshielded twisted pair 1490UUCP Unix-to-Unix Copy Protocol 1491UUID universally unique identifier 1492UUOC useless use of cat 1493UUT unit under test 1494UX user experience 1495VA vertical alignment 1496VA virtual address 1497VA volt-ampere 1498VAX virtual address extension 1499VB Visual Basic 1500VCA variable-gain amplifier 1501VCC common collector voltage 1502VCF voltage-controlled filter 1503VCM virtual channel memory 1504VCO voltage-controlled oscillator 1505VCS version control system 1506VESA Video Electronics Standards Association 1507VFO variable-frequency oscillator 1508VG volume group 1509VGA Video Graphics Array 1510VHDCI very high density cable interconnect 1511VID {VLAN,voltage level} identifier 1512VIM Vi IMproved 1513VIPT virtually indexed, physically tagged 1514VIVT virtually indexed, virtually tagged 1515VLAN virtual local area network 1516VLIW very long instruction word 1517VLSI very large scale integration 1518VLSM variable length subnet mask 1519VM virtual {machine,memory} 1520VME virtual mode extension 1521VMX vector multimedia extensions 1522VMX virtual machine extensions 1523VOD video on demand 1524VPN virtual private network 1525VR virtual reality 1526VRAM video random access memory 1527VRF virtual routing and forwarding 1528VRM voltage regulator module 1529VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol 1530VSTP VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol 1531VTP VLAN Trunking Protocol 1532W watt 1533W3C World Wide Web Consortium 1534WAMP Web Application Messaging Protocol 1535WAN wide area network 1536WAP Wireless Application Protocol 1537WAP wireless access point 1538WDM Windows Driver Model 1539WDDM Windows Display Driver Model 1540WDT watchdog timer 1541WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy 1542WFI wait for interrupt 1543WFQ weighted fair queuing 1544WH write hit 1545WIFI wireless fidelity 1546WLAN wireless local area network 1547WM write miss 1548WMI Windows Management Instrumentation 1549WOL Wake-on-LAN 1550WOM Wake-on-Modem 1551WOR Wake-on-Ring 1552WORM write once read many 1553WP WordPerfect 1554WP word processor 1555WP write protect 1556WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access 1557WPA2 Wi-Fi Protected Access II 1558WPS Wi-Fi Protected Setup 1559WRAM window random access memory 1560WS web services 1561WTC write through caching 1562WWAN wireless wide area network 1563WWW world wide web 1564WYSIAYG what you see is all you get 1565WYSIWYG what you see is what you get 1566XBAR crossbar 1567XDMCP X Display Manager control protocol 1568XER XML encoding rules 1569XGA Extended Graphics Array 1570XHR XMLHttpRequest 1571XIP execute in place 1572XML Extensible Markup Language 1573XOR exclusive or 1574XP extreme programming 1575XSI X/Open System Interface 1576XSL extensible stylesheet language 1577XSS cross site scripting 1578XT extended technology 1579XUL XML user interface language 1580YACC yet another compiler compiler 1581YAML YAML ain't markup language 1582YANG yet another next generation 1583YAWPFAPR you are welcome; please file a problem report 1584YP Yellow Pages 1585YTD year to date 1586ZBR zone bit recording 1587ZFOD zero-filled on demand 1588ZFS zettabyte file system 1589ZIF zero insertion force 1590ZIFS zero insertion force socket 1591ZMA zone multicast address 1592