installboot.c revision 1.20.84.1
1 /* $NetBSD: installboot.c,v 1.20.84.1 2008/12/13 01:13:04 haad Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1995 Waldi Ravens 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 16 * must display the following acknowledgement: 17 * This product includes software developed by Waldi Ravens. 18 * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 19 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 23 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 24 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 25 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 26 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 27 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 28 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 29 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 30 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 31 */ 32 33 #include <sys/types.h> 34 #include <sys/param.h> 35 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 36 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 37 #include <unistd.h> 38 #include <string.h> 39 #include <stdlib.h> 40 #include <stdio.h> 41 #include <paths.h> 42 #include <fcntl.h> 43 #include <errno.h> 44 #include <err.h> 45 #include <limits.h> 46 #include <nlist.h> 47 #include <kvm.h> 48 49 #define DKTYPENAMES 50 #define FSTYPENAMES 51 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 52 #include <machine/ahdilabel.h> 53 54 #include "installboot.h" 55 56 static void usage __P((void)); 57 static void oscheck __P((void)); 58 static u_int abcksum __P((void *)); 59 static void setNVpref __P((void)); 60 static void setIDEpar __P((u_int8_t *, size_t)); 61 static void mkahdiboot __P((struct ahdi_root *, char *, 62 char *, daddr_t)); 63 static void mkbootblock __P((struct bootblock *, char *, 64 char *, struct disklabel *, u_int)); 65 static void install_fd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); 66 static void install_sd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); 67 static void install_wd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); 68 69 static struct bootblock bootarea; 70 static struct ahdi_root ahdiboot; 71 static const char mdecpath[] = PATH_MDEC; 72 static const char stdpath[] = PATH_STD; 73 static const char milanpath[] = PATH_MILAN; 74 static int nowrite = 0; 75 static int verbose = 0; 76 static int trackpercyl = 0; 77 static int secpertrack = 0; 78 static int milan = 0; 79 80 static void 81 usage () 82 { 83 fprintf(stderr, 84 "usage: installboot [options] device\n" 85 "where options are:\n" 86 "\t-N do not actually write anything on the disk\n" 87 "\t-m use Milan boot blocks\n" 88 "\t-t number of tracks per cylinder (IDE disk)\n" 89 "\t-u number of sectors per track (IDE disk)\n" 90 "\t-v verbose mode\n"); 91 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 92 } 93 94 int 95 main (argc, argv) 96 int argc; 97 char *argv[]; 98 { 99 struct disklabel dl; 100 char *dn; 101 char *devchr; 102 int fd, c; 103 104 /* check OS bootversion */ 105 oscheck(); 106 107 /* parse options */ 108 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Nmt:u:v")) != -1) { 109 switch (c) { 110 case 'N': 111 nowrite = 1; 112 break; 113 case 'm': 114 milan = 1; 115 break; 116 case 't': 117 trackpercyl = atoi(optarg); 118 break; 119 case 'u': 120 secpertrack = atoi(optarg); 121 break; 122 case 'v': 123 verbose = 1; 124 break; 125 default: 126 usage(); 127 } 128 } 129 argv += optind; 130 argc -= optind; 131 if (argc != 1) 132 usage(); 133 134 /* get disk label */ 135 dn = alloca(sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + strlen(argv[0]) + 8); 136 if (!strchr(argv[0], '/')) { 137 sprintf(dn, "%sr%s%c", _PATH_DEV, argv[0], RAW_PART + 'a'); 138 fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); 139 if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT) { 140 sprintf(dn, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]); 141 fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); 142 } 143 } else { 144 sprintf(dn, "%s", argv[0]); 145 fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); 146 } 147 if (fd < 0) 148 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dn); 149 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dl)) 150 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: DIOCGDINFO", dn); 151 if (close(fd)) 152 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dn); 153 154 /* Eg: in /dev/fd0c, set devchr to point to the 'f' */ 155 devchr = strrchr(dn, '/') + 1; 156 if (*devchr == 'r') 157 ++devchr; 158 159 switch (*devchr) { 160 case 'f': /* fd */ 161 install_fd(dn, &dl); 162 break; 163 case 'w': /* wd */ 164 install_wd(dn, &dl); 165 setNVpref(); 166 break; 167 case 's': /* sd */ 168 install_sd(dn, &dl); 169 setNVpref(); 170 break; 171 default: 172 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 173 "%s: '%c': Device type not supported.", 174 dn, *devchr); 175 } 176 177 return(EXIT_SUCCESS); 178 } 179 180 static void 181 oscheck () 182 { 183 struct nlist kbv[] = { { "_bootversion" }, 184 { NULL } }; 185 kvm_t *kd_kern; 186 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX]; 187 u_short kvers; 188 struct stat sb; 189 190 if (stat(_PATH_UNIX, &sb) < 0) { 191 warnx("Cannot stat %s, no bootversion check done", _PATH_UNIX); 192 return; 193 } 194 195 kd_kern = kvm_openfiles(NULL, NULL, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf); 196 if (kd_kern == NULL) 197 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf); 198 if (kvm_nlist(kd_kern, kbv) == -1) 199 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd_kern)); 200 if (kbv[0].n_value == 0) 201 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s not in namelist", kbv[0].n_name); 202 if (kvm_read(kd_kern, kbv[0].n_value, (char *)&kvers, 203 sizeof(kvers)) == -1) 204 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_read: %s", kvm_geterr(kd_kern)); 205 kvm_close(kd_kern); 206 if (kvers != BOOTVERSION) 207 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Kern bootversion: %d, expected: %d", 208 kvers, BOOTVERSION); 209 } 210 211 static void 212 install_fd (devnm, label) 213 char *devnm; 214 struct disklabel *label; 215 { 216 const char *machpath; 217 char *xxboot, *bootxx; 218 struct partition *rootpart; 219 220 if (label->d_secsize != 512) 221 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 222 "%s: %u: Block size not supported.", devnm, 223 label->d_secsize); 224 if (label->d_ntracks != 2) 225 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 226 "%s: Single sided floppy not supported.", devnm); 227 228 if (milan) 229 machpath = milanpath; 230 else 231 machpath = stdpath; 232 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 8); 233 sprintf(xxboot, "%s%sfdboot", mdecpath, machpath); 234 bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 8); 235 sprintf(bootxx, "%s%sbootxx", mdecpath, machpath); 236 237 /* first used partition (a, b or c) */ /* XXX */ 238 for (rootpart = label->d_partitions; ; ++rootpart) { 239 if (rootpart->p_size) 240 break; 241 } 242 if (rootpart != label->d_partitions) { /* XXX */ 243 *(label->d_partitions) = *rootpart; 244 memset(rootpart, 0, sizeof(*rootpart)); 245 } 246 label->d_partitions->p_fstype = FS_BSDFFS; /* XXX */ 247 label->d_npartitions = 1; 248 label->d_checksum = 0; 249 label->d_checksum = dkcksum(label); 250 251 trackpercyl = secpertrack = 0; 252 mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, 0); 253 254 if (!nowrite) { 255 int fd; 256 if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) 257 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 258 if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) 259 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 260 if (close(fd)) 261 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 262 if (verbose) 263 printf("Boot block installed on %s\n", devnm); 264 } 265 } 266 267 static void 268 install_sd (devnm, label) 269 char *devnm; 270 struct disklabel *label; 271 { 272 const char *machpath; 273 char *xxb00t, *xxboot, *bootxx; 274 struct disklabel rawlabel; 275 daddr_t bbsec; 276 u_int magic; 277 278 if (label->d_partitions[0].p_size == 0) 279 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No root-filesystem.", devnm); 280 if (label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) 281 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %s: Illegal root-filesystem type.", 282 devnm, fstypenames[label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype]); 283 284 bbsec = readdisklabel(devnm, &rawlabel); 285 if (bbsec == NO_BOOT_BLOCK) 286 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No NetBSD boot block.", devnm); 287 if (memcmp(label, &rawlabel, sizeof(*label))) 288 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Invalid NetBSD boot block.", devnm); 289 290 if (milan) 291 machpath = milanpath; 292 else 293 machpath = stdpath; 294 if (bbsec) { 295 xxb00t = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 14); 296 sprintf(xxb00t, "%s%ssdb00t.ahdi", mdecpath, machpath); 297 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 14); 298 sprintf(xxboot, "%s%sxxboot.ahdi", mdecpath, machpath); 299 magic = AHDIMAGIC; 300 } else { 301 xxb00t = NULL; 302 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 8); 303 sprintf(xxboot, "%s%ssdboot", mdecpath, machpath); 304 magic = NBDAMAGIC; 305 } 306 bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 8); 307 sprintf(bootxx, "%s%sbootxx", mdecpath, machpath); 308 309 trackpercyl = secpertrack = 0; 310 if (xxb00t) 311 mkahdiboot(&ahdiboot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec); 312 mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, magic); 313 314 if (!nowrite) { 315 off_t bbo = bbsec * AHDI_BSIZE; 316 int fd; 317 318 if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) 319 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 320 if (lseek(fd, bbo, SEEK_SET) != bbo) 321 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 322 if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) 323 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 324 if (verbose) 325 printf("Boot block installed on %s (sector %d)\n", devnm, 326 bbsec); 327 if (xxb00t) { 328 if (lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) != 0) 329 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 330 if (write(fd, &ahdiboot, sizeof(ahdiboot)) != sizeof(ahdiboot)) 331 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 332 if (verbose) 333 printf("AHDI root installed on %s (0)\n", 334 devnm); 335 } 336 if (close(fd)) 337 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 338 } 339 } 340 341 static void 342 install_wd (devnm, label) 343 char *devnm; 344 struct disklabel *label; 345 { 346 const char *machpath; 347 char *xxb00t, *xxboot, *bootxx; 348 struct disklabel rawlabel; 349 daddr_t bbsec; 350 u_int magic; 351 352 if (label->d_partitions[0].p_size == 0) 353 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No root-filesystem.", devnm); 354 if (label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) 355 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %s: Illegal root-filesystem type.", 356 devnm, fstypenames[label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype]); 357 358 bbsec = readdisklabel(devnm, &rawlabel); 359 if (bbsec == NO_BOOT_BLOCK) 360 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No NetBSD boot block.", devnm); 361 if (memcmp(label, &rawlabel, sizeof(*label))) 362 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Invalid NetBSD boot block.", devnm); 363 364 if (milan) 365 machpath = milanpath; 366 else 367 machpath = stdpath; 368 if (bbsec) { 369 xxb00t = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 14); 370 sprintf(xxb00t, "%s%swdb00t.ahdi", mdecpath, machpath); 371 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 14); 372 sprintf(xxboot, "%s%sxxboot.ahdi", mdecpath, machpath); 373 magic = AHDIMAGIC; 374 } else { 375 xxb00t = NULL; 376 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 8); 377 sprintf(xxboot, "%s%swdboot", mdecpath, machpath); 378 magic = NBDAMAGIC; 379 } 380 bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + strlen(machpath) + 8); 381 sprintf(bootxx, "%s%sbootxx", mdecpath, machpath); 382 383 if (xxb00t) 384 mkahdiboot(&ahdiboot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec); 385 mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, magic); 386 387 if (!nowrite) { 388 int fd; 389 off_t bbo; 390 391 bbo = bbsec * AHDI_BSIZE; 392 if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) 393 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 394 if (lseek(fd, bbo, SEEK_SET) != bbo) 395 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 396 if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) 397 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 398 if (verbose) 399 printf("Boot block installed on %s (sector %d)\n", devnm, 400 bbsec); 401 if (xxb00t) { 402 if (lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) != 0) 403 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 404 if (write(fd, &ahdiboot, sizeof(ahdiboot)) 405 != sizeof(ahdiboot)) 406 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 407 if (verbose) 408 printf("AHDI root installed on %s (sector 0)\n", 409 devnm); 410 } 411 if (close(fd)) 412 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 413 } 414 } 415 416 static void 417 mkahdiboot (newroot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec) 418 struct ahdi_root *newroot; 419 char *xxb00t, 420 *devnm; 421 daddr_t bbsec; 422 { 423 struct ahdi_root tmproot; 424 struct ahdi_part *pd; 425 int fd; 426 427 /* read prototype root-sector */ 428 if ((fd = open(xxb00t, O_RDONLY)) < 0) 429 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); 430 if (read(fd, &tmproot, sizeof(tmproot)) != sizeof(tmproot)) 431 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); 432 if (close(fd)) 433 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); 434 435 /* set tracks/cylinder and sectors/track */ 436 setIDEpar(tmproot.ar_fill, sizeof(tmproot.ar_fill)); 437 438 /* read current root-sector */ 439 if ((fd = open(devnm, O_RDONLY)) < 0) 440 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 441 if (read(fd, newroot, sizeof(*newroot)) != sizeof(*newroot)) 442 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 443 if (close(fd)) 444 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 445 446 /* set bootflags */ 447 for (pd = newroot->ar_parts; pd-newroot->ar_parts < AHDI_MAXRPD; ++pd) { 448 if (pd->ap_st == bbsec) { 449 pd->ap_flg = 0x21; /* bootable, pref = NetBSD */ 450 goto gotit; 451 } 452 } 453 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 454 "%s: NetBSD boot block not on primary AHDI partition.", devnm); 455 456 gotit: /* copy code from prototype and set new checksum */ 457 memcpy(newroot->ar_fill, tmproot.ar_fill, sizeof(tmproot.ar_fill)); 458 newroot->ar_checksum = 0; 459 newroot->ar_checksum = 0x1234 - abcksum(newroot); 460 461 if (verbose) 462 printf("AHDI boot loader: %s\n", xxb00t); 463 } 464 465 static void 466 mkbootblock (bb, xxb, bxx, label, magic) 467 struct bootblock *bb; 468 char *xxb, 469 *bxx; 470 u_int magic; 471 struct disklabel *label; 472 { 473 int fd; 474 475 memset(bb, 0, sizeof(*bb)); 476 477 /* set boot block magic */ 478 bb->bb_magic = magic; 479 480 /* set disk pack label */ 481 BBSETLABEL(bb, label); 482 483 /* set second-stage boot loader */ 484 if ((fd = open(bxx, O_RDONLY)) < 0) 485 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); 486 if (read(fd, bb->bb_bootxx, sizeof(bb->bb_bootxx)) 487 != sizeof(bb->bb_bootxx)) 488 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); 489 if (close(fd)) 490 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); 491 492 /* set first-stage bootloader */ 493 if ((fd = open(xxb, O_RDONLY)) < 0) 494 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); 495 if (read(fd, bb->bb_xxboot, sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)) 496 != sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)) 497 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); 498 if (close(fd)) 499 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); 500 501 /* set tracks/cylinder and sectors/track */ 502 setIDEpar(bb->bb_xxboot, sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)); 503 504 /* set AHDI checksum */ 505 *((u_int16_t *)bb->bb_xxboot + 255) = 0; 506 *((u_int16_t *)bb->bb_xxboot + 255) = 0x1234 - abcksum(bb->bb_xxboot); 507 508 if (verbose) { 509 printf("Primary boot loader: %s\n", xxb); 510 printf("Secondary boot loader: %s\n", bxx); 511 } 512 } 513 514 static void 515 setIDEpar (start, size) 516 u_int8_t *start; 517 size_t size; 518 { 519 static const u_int8_t mark[] = { 'N', 'e', 't', 'B', 'S', 'D' }; 520 521 if ((u_int)trackpercyl > 255) 522 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 523 "%d: Illegal tracks/cylinder value (1..255)", trackpercyl); 524 if ((u_int)secpertrack > 255) 525 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 526 "%d: Illegal sectors/track value (1..255)", secpertrack); 527 528 if (trackpercyl || secpertrack) { 529 u_int8_t *p; 530 531 if (!trackpercyl) 532 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Need tracks/cylinder too."); 533 if (!secpertrack) 534 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Need sectors/track too."); 535 536 start += 2; 537 size -= sizeof(mark) + 2; 538 for (p = start + size; p >= start; --p) { 539 if (*p != *mark) 540 continue; 541 if (!memcmp(p, mark, sizeof(mark))) 542 break; 543 } 544 if (p < start) 545 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 546 "Malformatted xxboot prototype."); 547 548 *--p = secpertrack; 549 *--p = trackpercyl; 550 551 if (verbose) { 552 printf("sectors/track : %d\n", secpertrack); 553 printf("tracks/cylinder: %d\n", trackpercyl); 554 } 555 } 556 } 557 558 static void 559 setNVpref () 560 { 561 static const u_char bootpref = BOOTPREF_NETBSD; 562 static const char nvrdev[] = PATH_NVRAM; 563 564 if (!nowrite) { 565 int fd; 566 567 if ((fd = open(nvrdev, O_RDWR)) < 0) 568 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); 569 if (lseek(fd, (off_t)1, SEEK_SET) != 1) 570 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); 571 if (write(fd, &bootpref, (size_t)1) != 1) 572 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); 573 if (close(fd)) 574 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); 575 if (verbose) 576 printf("Boot preference set to NetBSD.\n"); 577 } 578 } 579 580 static u_int 581 abcksum (bs) 582 void *bs; 583 { 584 u_int16_t sum = 0, 585 *st = (u_int16_t *)bs, 586 *end = (u_int16_t *)bs + 256; 587 588 while (st < end) 589 sum += *st++; 590 return(sum); 591 } 592
Indexes created Wed Sep 24 05:09:52 GMT 2025