installboot.c revision 1.9
1 /* $NetBSD: installboot.c,v 1.9 2000/07/08 14:41:04 jdolecek Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1995 Waldi Ravens 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 16 * must display the following acknowledgement: 17 * This product includes software developed by Waldi Ravens. 18 * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 19 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 23 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 24 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 25 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 26 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 27 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 28 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 29 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 30 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 31 */ 32 33 #include <sys/types.h> 34 #include <sys/param.h> 35 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 36 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 37 #include <unistd.h> 38 #include <string.h> 39 #include <stdlib.h> 40 #include <stdio.h> 41 #include <paths.h> 42 #include <fcntl.h> 43 #include <errno.h> 44 #include <err.h> 45 #include <limits.h> 46 #include <nlist.h> 47 #include <kvm.h> 48 49 #define DKTYPENAMES 50 #define FSTYPENAMES 51 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 52 #include <machine/ahdilabel.h> 53 54 #include "installboot.h" 55 56 static void usage __P((void)); 57 static void oscheck __P((void)); 58 static u_int abcksum __P((void *)); 59 static void setNVpref __P((void)); 60 static void setIDEpar __P((u_int8_t *, size_t)); 61 static void mkahdiboot __P((struct ahdi_root *, char *, 62 char *, daddr_t)); 63 static void mkbootblock __P((struct bootblock *, char *, 64 char *, struct disklabel *, u_int)); 65 static void install_fd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); 66 static void install_sd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); 67 static void install_wd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); 68 69 static struct bootblock bootarea; 70 static struct ahdi_root ahdiboot; 71 static const char mdecpath[] = PATH_MDEC; 72 static int nowrite = 0; 73 static int verbose = 0; 74 static int trackpercyl = 0; 75 static int secpertrack = 0; 76 77 static void 78 usage () 79 { 80 fprintf(stderr, 81 "usage: installboot [options] device\n" 82 "where options are:\n" 83 "\t-N do not actually write anything on the disk\n" 84 "\t-t number of tracks per cylinder (IDE disk)\n" 85 "\t-u number of sectors per track (IDE disk)\n" 86 "\t-v verbose mode\n"); 87 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 88 } 89 90 int 91 main (argc, argv) 92 int argc; 93 char *argv[]; 94 { 95 struct disklabel dl; 96 char *dn; 97 int fd, c; 98 99 /* check OS bootversion */ 100 oscheck(); 101 102 /* parse options */ 103 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Nt:u:v")) != -1) { 104 switch (c) { 105 case 'N': 106 nowrite = 1; 107 break; 108 case 't': 109 trackpercyl = atoi(optarg); 110 break; 111 case 'u': 112 secpertrack = atoi(optarg); 113 break; 114 case 'v': 115 verbose = 1; 116 break; 117 default: 118 usage(); 119 } 120 } 121 argv += optind; 122 argc -= optind; 123 if (argc != 1) 124 usage(); 125 126 /* get disk label */ 127 dn = alloca(sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + strlen(argv[0]) + 8); 128 if (!strchr(argv[0], '/')) { 129 sprintf(dn, "%sr%s%c", _PATH_DEV, argv[0], RAW_PART + 'a'); 130 fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); 131 if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT) { 132 sprintf(dn, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]); 133 fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); 134 } 135 } else { 136 sprintf(dn, "%s", argv[0]); 137 fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); 138 } 139 if (fd < 0) 140 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dn); 141 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dl)) 142 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: DIOCGDINFO", dn); 143 if (close(fd)) 144 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dn); 145 146 switch (dl.d_type) { 147 case DTYPE_FLOPPY: 148 install_fd(dn, &dl); 149 break; 150 case DTYPE_ST506: 151 case DTYPE_ESDI: 152 install_wd(dn, &dl); 153 setNVpref(); 154 break; 155 case DTYPE_SCSI: 156 install_sd(dn, &dl); 157 setNVpref(); 158 break; 159 default: 160 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 161 "%s: %s: Device type not supported.", 162 dn, dktypenames[dl.d_type]); 163 } 164 165 return(EXIT_SUCCESS); 166 } 167 168 static void 169 oscheck () 170 { 171 struct nlist kbv[] = { { _C_LABEL("bootversion") }, { NULL } }; 172 kvm_t *kd_kern; 173 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX]; 174 u_short kvers; 175 176 kd_kern = kvm_openfiles(NULL, NULL, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf); 177 if (kd_kern == NULL) 178 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf); 179 if (kvm_nlist(kd_kern, kbv) == -1) 180 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd_kern)); 181 if (kbv[0].n_value == 0) 182 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s not in namelist", kbv[0].n_name); 183 if (kvm_read(kd_kern, kbv[0].n_value, (char *)&kvers, 184 sizeof(kvers)) == -1) 185 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_read: %s", kvm_geterr(kd_kern)); 186 kvm_close(kd_kern); 187 if (kvers != BOOTVERSION) 188 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Kern bootversion: %d, expected: %d\n", 189 kvers, BOOTVERSION); 190 } 191 192 static void 193 install_fd (devnm, label) 194 char *devnm; 195 struct disklabel *label; 196 { 197 char *xxboot, *bootxx; 198 struct partition *rootpart; 199 200 if (label->d_secsize != 512) 201 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 202 "%s: %u: Block size not supported.", devnm, 203 label->d_secsize); 204 if (label->d_ntracks != 2) 205 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 206 "%s: Single sided floppy not supported.", devnm); 207 208 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); 209 sprintf(xxboot, "%sfdboot", mdecpath); 210 bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); 211 sprintf(bootxx, "%sbootxx", mdecpath); 212 213 /* first used partition (a, b or c) */ /* XXX */ 214 for (rootpart = label->d_partitions; ; ++rootpart) { 215 if (rootpart->p_size) 216 break; 217 } 218 if (rootpart != label->d_partitions) { /* XXX */ 219 *(label->d_partitions) = *rootpart; 220 memset(rootpart, 0, sizeof(*rootpart)); 221 } 222 label->d_partitions->p_fstype = FS_BSDFFS; /* XXX */ 223 label->d_npartitions = 1; 224 label->d_checksum = 0; 225 label->d_checksum = dkcksum(label); 226 227 trackpercyl = secpertrack = 0; 228 mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, 0); 229 230 if (!nowrite) { 231 int fd; 232 if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) 233 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 234 if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) 235 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 236 if (close(fd)) 237 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 238 if (verbose) 239 printf("Boot block installed on %s\n", devnm); 240 } 241 } 242 243 static void 244 install_sd (devnm, label) 245 char *devnm; 246 struct disklabel *label; 247 { 248 char *xxb00t, *xxboot, *bootxx; 249 struct disklabel rawlabel; 250 daddr_t bbsec; 251 u_int magic; 252 253 if (label->d_partitions[0].p_size == 0) 254 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No root-filesystem.", devnm); 255 if (label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) 256 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %s: Illegal root-filesystem type.", 257 devnm, fstypenames[label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype]); 258 259 bbsec = readdisklabel(devnm, &rawlabel); 260 if (bbsec == NO_BOOT_BLOCK) 261 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No NetBSD boot block.", devnm); 262 if (memcmp(label, &rawlabel, sizeof(*label))) 263 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Invalid NetBSD boot block.", devnm); 264 265 if (bbsec) { 266 xxb00t = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 14); 267 sprintf(xxb00t, "%ssdb00t.ahdi", mdecpath); 268 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 14); 269 sprintf(xxboot, "%sxxboot.ahdi", mdecpath); 270 magic = AHDIMAGIC; 271 } else { 272 xxb00t = NULL; 273 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); 274 sprintf(xxboot, "%ssdboot", mdecpath); 275 magic = NBDAMAGIC; 276 } 277 bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); 278 sprintf(bootxx, "%sbootxx", mdecpath); 279 280 trackpercyl = secpertrack = 0; 281 if (xxb00t) 282 mkahdiboot(&ahdiboot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec); 283 mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, magic); 284 285 if (!nowrite) { 286 off_t bbo = bbsec * AHDI_BSIZE; 287 int fd; 288 289 if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) 290 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 291 if (lseek(fd, bbo, SEEK_SET) != bbo) 292 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 293 if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) 294 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 295 if (verbose) 296 printf("Boot block installed on %s (%u)\n", devnm, 297 bbsec); 298 if (xxb00t) { 299 if (lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) != 0) 300 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 301 if (write(fd, &ahdiboot, sizeof(ahdiboot)) != sizeof(ahdiboot)) 302 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 303 if (verbose) 304 printf("AHDI root installed on %s (0)\n", 305 devnm); 306 } 307 if (close(fd)) 308 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 309 } 310 } 311 312 static void 313 install_wd (devnm, label) 314 char *devnm; 315 struct disklabel *label; 316 { 317 char *xxb00t, *xxboot, *bootxx; 318 struct disklabel rawlabel; 319 daddr_t bbsec; 320 u_int magic; 321 322 if (label->d_partitions[0].p_size == 0) 323 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No root-filesystem.", devnm); 324 if (label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) 325 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %s: Illegal root-filesystem type.", 326 devnm, fstypenames[label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype]); 327 328 bbsec = readdisklabel(devnm, &rawlabel); 329 if (bbsec == NO_BOOT_BLOCK) 330 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No NetBSD boot block.", devnm); 331 if (memcmp(label, &rawlabel, sizeof(*label))) 332 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Invalid NetBSD boot block.", devnm); 333 334 if (bbsec) { 335 xxb00t = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 14); 336 sprintf(xxb00t, "%swdb00t.ahdi", mdecpath); 337 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 14); 338 sprintf(xxboot, "%sxxboot.ahdi", mdecpath); 339 magic = AHDIMAGIC; 340 } else { 341 xxb00t = NULL; 342 xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); 343 sprintf(xxboot, "%swdboot", mdecpath); 344 magic = NBDAMAGIC; 345 } 346 bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); 347 sprintf(bootxx, "%sbootxx", mdecpath); 348 349 if (xxb00t) 350 mkahdiboot(&ahdiboot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec); 351 mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, magic); 352 353 if (!nowrite) { 354 int fd; 355 off_t bbo; 356 357 bbo = bbsec * AHDI_BSIZE; 358 if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) 359 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 360 if (lseek(fd, bbo, SEEK_SET) != bbo) 361 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 362 if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) 363 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 364 if (verbose) 365 printf("Boot block installed on %s (%u)\n", devnm, 366 bbsec); 367 if (xxb00t) { 368 if (lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) != 0) 369 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 370 if (write(fd, &ahdiboot, sizeof(ahdiboot)) 371 != sizeof(ahdiboot)) 372 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 373 if (verbose) 374 printf("AHDI root installed on %s (0)\n", 375 devnm); 376 } 377 if (close(fd)) 378 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 379 } 380 } 381 382 static void 383 mkahdiboot (newroot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec) 384 struct ahdi_root *newroot; 385 char *xxb00t, 386 *devnm; 387 daddr_t bbsec; 388 { 389 struct ahdi_root tmproot; 390 struct ahdi_part *pd; 391 int fd; 392 393 /* read prototype root-sector */ 394 if ((fd = open(xxb00t, O_RDONLY)) < 0) 395 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); 396 if (read(fd, &tmproot, sizeof(tmproot)) != sizeof(tmproot)) 397 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); 398 if (close(fd)) 399 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); 400 401 /* set tracks/cylinder and sectors/track */ 402 setIDEpar(tmproot.ar_fill, sizeof(tmproot.ar_fill)); 403 404 /* read current root-sector */ 405 if ((fd = open(devnm, O_RDONLY)) < 0) 406 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 407 if (read(fd, newroot, sizeof(*newroot)) != sizeof(*newroot)) 408 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 409 if (close(fd)) 410 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); 411 412 /* set bootflags */ 413 for (pd = newroot->ar_parts; pd-newroot->ar_parts < AHDI_MAXRPD; ++pd) { 414 if (pd->ap_st == bbsec) { 415 pd->ap_flg = 0x21; /* bootable, pref = NetBSD */ 416 goto gotit; 417 } 418 } 419 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 420 "%s: NetBSD boot block not on primary AHDI partition.", devnm); 421 422 gotit: /* copy code from prototype and set new checksum */ 423 memcpy(newroot->ar_fill, tmproot.ar_fill, sizeof(tmproot.ar_fill)); 424 newroot->ar_checksum = 0; 425 newroot->ar_checksum = 0x1234 - abcksum(newroot); 426 427 if (verbose) 428 printf("AHDI boot loader: %s\n", xxb00t); 429 } 430 431 static void 432 mkbootblock (bb, xxb, bxx, label, magic) 433 struct bootblock *bb; 434 char *xxb, 435 *bxx; 436 u_int magic; 437 struct disklabel *label; 438 { 439 int fd; 440 441 memset(bb, 0, sizeof(*bb)); 442 443 /* set boot block magic */ 444 bb->bb_magic = magic; 445 446 /* set disk pack label */ 447 BBSETLABEL(bb, label); 448 449 /* set second-stage boot loader */ 450 if ((fd = open(bxx, O_RDONLY)) < 0) 451 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); 452 if (read(fd, bb->bb_bootxx, sizeof(bb->bb_bootxx)) 453 != sizeof(bb->bb_bootxx)) 454 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); 455 if (close(fd)) 456 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); 457 458 /* set first-stage bootloader */ 459 if ((fd = open(xxb, O_RDONLY)) < 0) 460 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); 461 if (read(fd, bb->bb_xxboot, sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)) 462 != sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)) 463 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); 464 if (close(fd)) 465 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); 466 467 /* set tracks/cylinder and sectors/track */ 468 setIDEpar(bb->bb_xxboot, sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)); 469 470 /* set AHDI checksum */ 471 *((u_int16_t *)bb->bb_xxboot + 255) = 0; 472 *((u_int16_t *)bb->bb_xxboot + 255) = 0x1234 - abcksum(bb->bb_xxboot); 473 474 if (verbose) { 475 printf("Primary boot loader: %s\n", xxb); 476 printf("Secondary boot loader: %s\n", bxx); 477 } 478 } 479 480 static void 481 setIDEpar (start, size) 482 u_int8_t *start; 483 size_t size; 484 { 485 static const u_int8_t mark[] = { 'N', 'e', 't', 'B', 'S', 'D' }; 486 487 if ((u_int)trackpercyl > 255) 488 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 489 "%d: Illegal tracks/cylinder value (1..255)", trackpercyl); 490 if ((u_int)secpertrack > 255) 491 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 492 "%d: Illegal sectors/track value (1..255)", secpertrack); 493 494 if (trackpercyl || secpertrack) { 495 u_int8_t *p; 496 497 if (!trackpercyl) 498 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Need tracks/cylinder too."); 499 if (!secpertrack) 500 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Need sectors/track too."); 501 502 start += 2; 503 size -= sizeof(mark) + 2; 504 for (p = start + size; p >= start; --p) { 505 if (*p != *mark) 506 continue; 507 if (!memcmp(p, mark, sizeof(mark))) 508 break; 509 } 510 if (p < start) 511 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 512 "Malformatted xxboot prototype."); 513 514 *--p = secpertrack; 515 *--p = trackpercyl; 516 517 if (verbose) { 518 printf("sectors/track : %d\n", secpertrack); 519 printf("tracks/cylinder: %d\n", trackpercyl); 520 } 521 } 522 } 523 524 static void 525 setNVpref () 526 { 527 static const u_char bootpref = BOOTPREF_NETBSD; 528 static const char nvrdev[] = PATH_NVRAM; 529 530 if (!nowrite) { 531 int fd; 532 533 if ((fd = open(nvrdev, O_RDWR)) < 0) 534 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); 535 if (lseek(fd, (off_t)1, SEEK_SET) != 1) 536 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); 537 if (write(fd, &bootpref, (size_t)1) != 1) 538 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); 539 if (close(fd)) 540 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); 541 if (verbose) 542 printf("Boot preference set to NetBSD.\n"); 543 } 544 } 545 546 static u_int 547 abcksum (bs) 548 void *bs; 549 { 550 u_int16_t sum = 0, 551 *st = (u_int16_t *)bs, 552 *end = (u_int16_t *)bs + 256; 553 554 while (st < end) 555 sum += *st++; 556 return(sum); 557 } 558
Indexes created Wed Sep 24 05:09:52 GMT 2025