INSTALL revision 1.18
11.18Smycroft# $NetBSD: INSTALL,v 1.18 2002/04/17 02:22:46 mycroft Exp $ 21.1Schris# 31.1Schris# CATSINST -- CHALTECH CATS Install kernel 41.1Schris# 51.1Schris 61.2Schrisinclude "arch/cats/conf/std.cats" 71.1Schris 81.1Schris# estimated number of users 91.1Schris 101.1Schrismaxusers 8 111.1Schris 121.1Schris# Standard system options 131.1Schris 141.1Schris#options UCONSOLE # users can use TIOCCONS (for xconsole) 151.1Schrisoptions INSECURE # disable kernel securelevel 161.1Schris 171.1Schrisoptions RTC_OFFSET=0 # hardware clock is this many mins. west of GMT 181.1Schris#options NTP # NTP phase/frequency locked loop 191.1Schris 201.1Schris# CPU options 211.1Schris 221.1Schris# For StrongARM systems 231.1Schrisoptions CPU_SA110 # Support the SA110 core 241.1Schrismakeoptions COPTS="-Os -march=armv4 -mtune=strongarm" # optimise for space 251.1Schris 261.1Schris# FPA options 271.1Schris 281.1Schris#options ARMFPE # ARM Ltd FPE 291.1Schris 301.1Schris# File systems 311.1Schris 321.1Schrisfile-system FFS # UFS 331.1Schris#file-system LFS # log-structured file system 341.1Schrisfile-system MFS # memory file system 351.1Schrisfile-system NFS # Network file system 361.1Schris#file-system ADOSFS # AmigaDOS-compatible file system 371.1Schris#file-system EXT2FS # second extended file system (linux) 381.1Schrisfile-system CD9660 # ISO 9660 + Rock Ridge file system 391.1Schrisfile-system MSDOSFS # MS-DOS file system 401.1Schris#file-system FDESC # /dev/fd 411.1Schrisfile-system KERNFS # /kern 421.1Schris#file-system NULLFS # loopback file system 431.1Schris#file-system OVERLAY # overlay filesystem 441.1Schris#file-system PORTAL # portal filesystem (still experimental) 451.1Schris#file-system PROCFS # /proc 461.1Schris#file-system UMAPFS # NULLFS + uid and gid remapping 471.1Schris#file-system UNION # union file system 481.1Schris#file-system CODA # Coda File System; also needs vcode (below) 491.1Schris 501.1Schris# File system options 511.1Schris#options QUOTA # UFS quotas 521.1Schris#options FFS_EI # FFS Endian Independant support 531.1Schris#options NFSSERVER 541.1Schris#options SOFTDEP # FFS soft updates support 551.1Schrisoptions VNODE_OP_NOINLINE # Save space by not inlining vnode op calls 561.1Schris 571.1Schris# Networking options 581.1Schris 591.1Schris#options GATEWAY # packet forwarding 601.1Schrisoptions INET # IP + ICMP + TCP + UDP 611.1Schrisoptions INET6 # IPV6 621.1Schris#options IPSEC # IP security 631.1Schris#options IPSEC_ESP # IP security (encryption part; define w/ IPSEC) 641.1Schris#options IPSEC_DEBUG # debug for IP security 651.1Schris#options MROUTING # IP multicast routing 661.1Schris#options NS # XNS 671.1Schris#options NSIP # XNS tunneling over IP 681.1Schris#options ISO,TPIP # OSI 691.1Schris#options EON # OSI tunneling over IP 701.1Schris#options CCITT,LLC,HDLC # X.25 711.1Schris#options NETATALK # AppleTalk networking 721.1Schris#options PFIL_HOOKS # pfil(9) packet filter hooks 731.1Schris#options PPP_BSDCOMP # BSD-Compress compression support for PPP 741.1Schris#options PPP_DEFLATE # Deflate compression support for PPP 751.1Schris#options PPP_FILTER # Active filter support for PPP (requires bpf) 761.6Sabs#options TCP_DEBUG # Record last TCP_NDEBUG packets with SO_DEBUG 771.1Schris 781.1Schrisoptions NFS_BOOT_BOOTP 791.1Schrisoptions NFS_BOOT_DHCP 801.1Schris#options NFS_BOOT_BOOTPARAM 811.1Schris 821.1Schris# Compatibility options 831.1Schris 841.1Schris#options COMPAT_43 # 4.3BSD compatibility. 851.1Schrisoptions COMPAT_14 # NetBSD 1.4 compatibility. 861.1Schrisoptions COMPAT_13 # NetBSD 1.3 compatibility. 871.1Schris#options COMPAT_12 # NetBSD 1.2 compatibility. 881.1Schris#options COMPAT_11 # NetBSD 1.1 compatibility. 891.1Schris#options COMPAT_10 # NetBSD 1.0 compatibility. 901.1Schris#options COMPAT_09 # NetBSD 0.9 compatibility. 911.6Sabs#options TCP_COMPAT_42 # 4.2BSD TCP/IP bug compat. Not recommended. 921.1Schris 931.1Schris# Shared memory options 941.1Schris 951.1Schris#options SYSVMSG # System V-like message queues 961.1Schris#options SYSVSEM # System V-like semaphores 971.1Schris#options SYSVSHM # System V-like memory sharing 981.1Schris#options SHMMAXPGS=1024 # 1024 pages is the default 991.1Schris 1001.1Schris# Device options 1011.1Schris 1021.1Schrisoptions MEMORY_DISK_HOOKS # boottime setup of ramdisk 1031.14Slukemoptions MEMORY_DISK_ROOT_SIZE=3800 # Size in blocks 1041.1Schrisoptions MEMORY_DISK_IS_ROOT # use memory disk as root 1051.1Schrisoptions MEMORY_DISK_SERVER=0 # no userspace memory disk support 1061.1Schris 1071.1Schris# Miscellaneous kernel options 1081.1Schris#options KTRACE # system call tracing, a la ktrace(1) 1091.1Schris#options IRQSTATS # manage IRQ statistics 1101.1Schris#options LKM # loadable kernel modules 1111.1Schris#options KMEMSTATS # kernel memory statistics 1121.1Schris#options SCSIVERBOSE # Verbose SCSI errors 1131.1Schris#options PCIVERBOSE # Verbose PCI descriptions 1141.1Schris#options MIIVERBOSE # verbose PHY autoconfig messages 1151.1Schris#options PCI_CONFIG_DUMP # verbosely dump PCI config space 1161.1Schris#options USBVERBOSE # verbose USB device autoconfig messages 1171.1Schris#options DDB_KEYCODE=0x40 1181.8Slukemoptions PMAP_STATIC_L1S=128 1191.16Sgmcgarry#options USERCONF # userconf(4) support 1201.10Sjdolecekoptions PIPE_SOCKETPAIR # smaller, but slower pipe(2) 1211.1Schris 1221.1Schris# wscons options 1231.1Schris#options WSEMUL_SUN # sun terminal emulation 1241.1Schrisoptions WSEMUL_VT100 # VT100 / VT220 emulation 1251.1Schris# different kernel output - see dev/wscons/wsdisplayvar.h 1261.1Schrisoptions WS_KERNEL_FG=WSCOL_GREEN 1271.1Schrisoptions WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_PCVT # emulate some ioctls 1281.1Schrisoptions WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_SYSCONS # emulate some ioctls 1291.1Schrisoptions WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_USL # VT handling 1301.1Schrisoptions WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_RAWKBD # can get raw scancodes 1311.1Schris# see dev/wscons/wskbdmap_mfii.h for implemented layouts 1321.1Schris#options PCKBD_LAYOUT="(KB_DE | KB_NODEAD)" 1331.1Schris 1341.1Schris# Development and Debugging options 1351.1Schris 1361.1Schris#options ARM700BUGTRACK # track the ARM700 swi bug 1371.1Schris#options PORTMASTER # Enable PortMaster only options 1381.1Schris#options DIAGNOSTIC # internally consistency checks 1391.8Slukem#options PMAP_DEBUG # Enable pmap_debug_level code 1401.1Schris#options IPKDB # remote kernel debugging 1411.1Schrisoptions DDB # in-kernel debugger 1421.1Schrisoptions DDB_HISTORY_SIZE=100 # Enable history editing in DDB 1431.1Schris#makeoptions DEBUG="-g" # compile full symbol table 1441.1Schris 1451.1Schrisconfig netbsd root on ? type ? 1461.1Schris 1471.1Schris# The main bus device 1481.1Schrismainbus0 at root 1491.1Schris 1501.1Schris# The boot cpu 1511.1Schriscpu0 at mainbus? 1521.1Schris 1531.1Schris# Core logic 1541.1Schrisfootbridge0 at mainbus? 1551.1Schris 1561.1Schris# footbridge uart 1571.1Schrisfcom0 at footbridge? 1581.1Schris 1591.1Schris# system clock via footbridge 1601.1Schris#clock* at footbridge? 1611.1Schris 1621.1Schris# time-of-day device via footbridge or RTC 1631.1Schristodclock0 at todservice? 1641.1Schris 1651.1Schris# PCI bus support 1661.1Schris# PCI bus via footbridge 1671.1Schrispci0 at footbridge? # PCI bus 1681.1Schris 1691.1Schrispci* at ppb? bus ? 1701.1Schris 1711.1Schris# PCI bridges 1721.1Schrisppb* at pci? dev ? function ? # PCI-PCI bridges 1731.1Schris# XXX 'puc's aren't really bridges, but there's no better place for them here 1741.1Schris#puc* at pci? dev ? function ? # PCI "universal" comm. cards 1751.1Schris 1761.1Schris# PCI serial interfaces 1771.1Schris#com* at puc? port ? # 16x50s on "universal" comm boards 1781.1Schris#cy* at pci? dev ? function ? # Cyclades Cyclom-Y serial boards 1791.1Schris 1801.1Schris# PCI parallel printer interfaces 1811.1Schris#lpt* at puc? port ? # || ports on "universal" comm boards 1821.1Schris 1831.1Schris# PCI SCSI Controllers and Buses 1841.1Schrisadv* at pci? dev ? function ? # AdvanSys 1200[A,B], ULTRA SCSI 1851.1Schrisscsibus* at adv? 1861.1Schris#adw* at pci? dev ? function ? # AdvanSys 9xxUW SCSI 1871.1Schris#scsibus* at adw? 1881.1Schrisahc* at pci? dev ? function ? # Adaptec [23]94x, aic78x0 SCSI controllers 1891.1Schrisscsibus* at ahc? 1901.1Schris#bha* at pci? dev ? function ? # BusLogic 9xx SCSI 1911.1Schris#scsibus* at bha? 1921.4Stsutsuiiha* at pci? dev ? function ? # Initio INIC-940/950 SCSI 1931.4Stsutsuiscsibus* at iha? 1941.1Schrisisp* at pci? dev ? function ? # Qlogic ISP 10x0 SCSI controllers 1951.1Schrisscsibus* at isp? 1961.1Schrispcscp* at pci? dev ? function ? # AMD 53c974 PCscsi-PCI SCSI 1971.1Schrisscsibus* at pcscp? 1981.1Schrissiop* at pci? dev ? function ? # NCR 53c8xx SCSI 1991.1Schrisscsibus* at siop? 2001.1Schris 2011.1Schris# SCSI devices 2021.1Schrissd* at scsibus? target ? lun ? # SCSI disk drives 2031.1Schrisst* at scsibus? target ? lun ? # SCSI tape drives 2041.1Schriscd* at scsibus? target ? lun ? # SCSI CD-ROM drives 2051.1Schris#ch* at scsibus? target ? lun ? # SCSI auto-changers 2061.1Schris#uk* at scsibus? target ? lun ? # SCSI unknown device 2071.1Schris#ss* at scsibus? target ? lun ? # SCSI scanner 2081.1Schris 2091.1Schris# PCI IDE Controllers and Devices 2101.1Schris# PCI IDE controllers - see pciide(4) for supported hardware. 2111.1Schris# The 0x0001 flag force the driver to use DMA, even if the driver doesn't know 2121.1Schris# how to set up DMA modes for this chip. This may work, or may cause 2131.1Schris# a machine hang with some controllers. 2141.1Schrispciide* at pci? dev ? function ? flags 0x0000 2151.1Schris 2161.1Schris# IDE drives 2171.1Schris# Flags are used only with controllers that support DMA operations 2181.1Schris# and mode settings (e.g. some pciide controllers) 2191.1Schris# The lowest order four bits (rightmost digit) of the flags define the PIO 2201.1Schris# mode to use, the next set of four bits the DMA mode and the third set the 2211.1Schris# UltraDMA mode. For each set of four bits, the 3 lower bits define the mode 2221.1Schris# to use, and the last bit must be 1 for this setting to be used. 2231.1Schris# For DMA and UDMA, 0xf (1111) means 'disable'. 2241.1Schris# 0x0fac means 'use PIO mode 4, DMA mode 2, disable UltraDMA'. 2251.1Schris# (0xc=1100, 0xa=1010, 0xf=1111) 2261.1Schris# 0x0000 means "use whatever the drive claims to support". 2271.1Schriswd* at pciide? channel ? drive ? flags 0x0000 # the drives themselves 2281.1Schris 2291.1Schris# ATAPI bus support 2301.1Schrisatapibus* at pciide? channel ? 2311.1Schris 2321.1Schris# ATAPI devices 2331.1Schriscd* at atapibus? drive ? flags 0x0000 # ATAPI CD-ROM drives 2341.1Schrissd* at atapibus? drive ? flags 0x0000 # ATAPI disk drives 2351.1Schris#uk* at atapibus? drive ? flags 0x0000 # ATAPI unknown 2361.1Schris 2371.1Schris# PCI network interfaces 2381.1Schris#en* at pci? dev ? function ? # ENI/Adaptec ATM 2391.12Sskrllep* at pci? dev ? function ? # 3C590 ethernet cards 2401.1Schrisex* at pci? dev ? function ? # 3Com 90x[B] 2411.3Stsutsuiepic* at pci? dev ? function ? # SMC EPIC/100 Ethernet 2421.1Schris#esh* at pci? dev ? function ? # Essential HIPPI card 2431.1Schris#fpa* at pci? dev ? function ? # DEC DEFPA FDDI 2441.3Stsutsuifxp* at pci? dev ? function ? # Intel EtherExpress PRO 10+/100B 2451.1Schris#le* at pci? dev ? function ? # PCnet-PCI Ethernet 2461.1Schrisne* at pci? dev ? function ? # NE2000 compat ethernet 2471.1Schris#ntwoc* at pci? dev ? function ? # Riscom/N2 PCI Sync Serial 2481.3Stsutsuisip* at pci? dev ? function ? # SiS 900 Ethernet 2491.1Schris#tl* at pci? dev ? function ? # ThunderLAN-based Ethernet 2501.18Smycrofttlp* at pci? dev ? function ? # DECchip 21x4x and clones 2511.1Schrisvr* at pci? dev ? function ? # VIA Rhine Fast Ethernet 2521.1Schris#lmc* at pci? dev ? function ? # Lan Media Corp SSI/HSSI/DS3 2531.1Schrisrtk* at pci? dev ? function ? # Realtek 8129/8139 2541.1Schris 2551.1Schris# MII/PHY support 2561.1Schrisexphy* at mii? phy ? # 3Com internal PHYs 2571.11Swiz#icsphy* at mii? phy ? # Integrated Circuit Systems ICS189x 2581.3Stsutsuiinphy* at mii? phy ? # Intel 82555 PHYs 2591.1Schris#iophy* at mii? phy ? # Intel 82553 PHYs 2601.1Schris#lxtphy* at mii? phy ? # Level One LXT-970 PHYs 2611.1Schrisnsphy* at mii? phy ? # NS83840 PHYs 2621.1Schris#nsphyter* at mii? phy ? # NS83843 PHYs 2631.3Stsutsuiqsphy* at mii? phy ? # Quality Semiconductor QS6612 PHYs 2641.1Schris#sqphy* at mii? phy ? # Seeq 80220/80221/80223 PHYs 2651.1Schris#tlphy* at mii? phy ? # ThunderLAN PHYs 2661.1Schris#tqphy* at mii? phy ? # TDK Semiconductor PHYs 2671.1Schrisukphy* at mii? phy ? # generic unknown PHYs 2681.1Schris 2691.1Schris# USB Controller and Devices 2701.1Schris 2711.1Schris# PCI USB controllers 2721.1Schris#uhci* at pci? # Universal Host Controller (Intel) 2731.1Schrisohci* at pci? # Open Host Controller 2741.1Schris 2751.1Schris# USB bus support 2761.1Schris#usb* at uhci? 2771.1Schrisusb* at ohci? 2781.1Schris 2791.1Schris# USB Hubs 2801.1Schrisuhub* at usb? 2811.1Schrisuhub* at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ? 2821.1Schris 2831.9Saugustss# USB HID device 2841.9Saugustssuhidev* at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ? 2851.9Saugustss 2861.1Schris# USB Mice 2871.9Saugustssums* at uhidev? reportid ? 2881.1Schriswsmouse* at ums? 2891.1Schris 2901.1Schris# USB Keyboards 2911.9Saugustssukbd* at uhidev? reportid ? 2921.1Schriswskbd* at ukbd? console ? 2931.1Schris 2941.1Schris# USB Generic HID devices 2951.9Saugustss#uhid* at uhidev? reportid ? 2961.1Schris 2971.1Schris# USB Printer 2981.1Schris#ulpt* at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ? 2991.1Schris 3001.1Schris# USB Modem 3011.1Schris#umodem* at uhub? port ? configuration ? 3021.1Schris#ucom* at umodem? 3031.1Schris 3041.1Schris# USB Mass Storage 3051.1Schrisumass* at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ? 3061.1Schrisatapibus* at umass? channel ? 3071.1Schrisscsibus* at umass? channel ? 3081.1Schris 3091.1Schris# USB audio 3101.1Schris#uaudio* at uhub? port ? configuration ? 3111.1Schris#audio* at uaudio? 3121.1Schris 3131.1Schris# USB Ethernet adapters 3141.1Schrisaue* at uhub? port ? # ADMtek AN986 Pegasus based adapters 3151.1Schriscue* at uhub? port ? # CATC USB-EL1201A based adapters 3161.1Schriskue* at uhub? port ? # Kawasaki LSI KL5KUSB101B based adapters 3171.1Schris 3181.1Schris# USB Generic driver 3191.1Schris#ugen* at uhub? port ? 3201.1Schris 3211.1Schris# Audio Devices 3221.1Schris 3231.1Schris# PCI audio devices 3241.1Schris#eap* at pci? dev ? function ? # Ensoniq AudioPCI 3251.1Schris#sv* at pci? dev ? function ? # S3 SonicVibes 3261.1Schris 3271.1Schris# Audio support 3281.1Schris#audio* at eap? 3291.1Schris#audio* at sv? 3301.1Schris 3311.1Schrisvga* at pci? 3321.1Schriswsdisplay* at vga? console ? 3331.1Schris 3341.1Schris# ISA bus bridging 3351.1Schris 3361.1Schrispcib* at pci? dev ? function ? # PCI-ISA bridge 3371.1Schrisisa* at pcib? # ISA bus 3381.1Schris 3391.1Schris# ISA Plug-and-Play bus support 3401.1Schrisisapnp0 at isa? 3411.1Schris 3421.1Schris# wscons 3431.1Schrispckbc0 at isa? # pc keyboard controller 3441.1Schrispckbd* at pckbc? # PC keyboard 3451.1Schrispms* at pckbc? # PS/2 mouse for wsmouse 3461.1Schriswskbd* at pckbd? console ? 3471.1Schriswsmouse* at pms? 3481.1Schris 3491.1Schrispcppi0 at isa? 3501.1Schrissysbeep0 at pcppi? 3511.1Schris 3521.1Schris# ISA Plug-and-Play serial interfaces 3531.1Schriscom* at isapnp? # Modems and serial boards 3541.1Schris 3551.1Schris# ISA Plug-and-Play network interfaces 3561.1Schrisep* at isapnp? # 3Com 3c509 Ethernet 3571.1Schris 3581.1Schris# ISA serial interfaces 3591.1Schriscom0 at isa? port 0x3f8 irq 4 # Standard PC serial ports 3601.1Schriscom1 at isa? port 0x2f8 irq 3 3611.1Schris#com2 at isa? port 0x3e8 irq 9 3621.1Schris#com3 at isa? port 0x2e8 irq 10 3631.1Schris 3641.1Schris# ISA parallel printer interfaces 3651.1Schrislpt0 at isa? port 0x378 irq 7 # standard PC parallel ports 3661.1Schrislpt1 at isa? port 0x278 irq 5 3671.1Schris#lpt2 at isa? port 0x3bc 3681.1Schris 3691.1Schris# ISA floppy 3701.1Schris#fdc0 at isa? port 0x3f0 irq 6 drq 2 # standard PC floppy controllers 3711.1Schris#fdc1 at isa? port 0x370 irq ? drq ? 3721.1Schris#fd* at fdc? drive ? # the drives themselves 3731.1Schris 3741.1Schris# ISA network interface 3751.1Schris#ne0 at isa? port 0x280 irq 9 3761.1Schris#ne1 at isa? port 0x300 irq 10 3771.1Schris#ep* at isa? port ? irq ? 3781.1Schris 3791.1Schris# The spkr driver provides a simple tone interface to the built in speaker. 3801.1Schrisspkr0 at pcppi? # PC speaker 3811.1Schris 3821.1Schrisdsrtc0 at isa? port 0x72 # Dallas RTC 3831.1Schris 3841.1Schris# ISA Plug-and-Play audio devices 3851.1Schris#ess* at isapnp? # ESS Tech ES1887, ES1888, ES888 audio 3861.1Schris#sb* at isapnp? # SoundBlaster-compatible audio 3871.1Schris#wss* at isapnp? # Windows Sound System 3881.1Schris 3891.1Schris# OPL[23] FM syntheziers 3901.1Schris#opl* at ess? 3911.1Schris#opl* at sb? 3921.1Schris 3931.1Schris# Audio support 3941.1Schris#audio* at ess? 3951.1Schris#audio* at sb? 3961.1Schris#audio* at wss? 3971.1Schris 3981.1Schris# MPU 401 UARTs 3991.1Schris#mpu* at sb? 4001.1Schris 4011.1Schris# MIDI support 4021.1Schris#midi* at pcppi? # MIDI interface to the PC speaker 4031.1Schris#midi* at sb? # SB MPU401 port 4041.1Schris#midi* at opl? # OPL FM synth 4051.1Schris#midi* at mpu? # MPU 401 4061.1Schris 4071.1Schris# Joysticks 4081.1Schris 4091.1Schris# ISA Plug-and-Play joysticks 4101.1Schris#joy* at isapnp? # Game ports (usually on audio cards) 4111.1Schris 4121.1Schris# ISA joysticks. Probe is a little strange; add only if you have one. 4131.1Schris#joy0 at isa? port 0x201 4141.1Schris 4151.1Schris# Pseudo-Devices 4161.1Schris 4171.1Schris# disk/mass storage pseudo-devices 4181.1Schrispseudo-device ccd 2 # concatenated/striped disk devices 4191.1Schrispseudo-device md 1 # memory disk device (ramdisk) 4201.1Schris#pseudo-device vnd 4 # disk-like interface to files 4211.1Schris 4221.1Schris# network pseudo-devices 4231.1Schrispseudo-device bpfilter 4 # Berkeley packet filter 4241.1Schris#pseudo-device ipfilter # IP filter (firewall) and NAT 4251.1Schrispseudo-device loop # network loopback 4261.1Schrispseudo-device ppp 2 # Point-to-Point Protocol 4271.1Schrispseudo-device sl 2 # Serial Line IP 4281.1Schris#pseudo-device strip 2 # Starmode Radio IP (Metricom) 4291.1Schris#pseudo-device tun 2 # network tunneling over tty 4301.1Schris 4311.1Schris# miscellaneous pseudo-devices 4321.1Schrispseudo-device pty # pseudo-terminals 4331.1Schris#pseudo-device tb 1 # tablet line discipline 4341.1Schris#pseudo-device sequencer 1 # MIDI sequencer 4351.1Schris#pseudo-device rnd # /dev/random and in-kernel generator 4361.1Schris#options RND_COM # use "com" randomness as well (BROKEN) 4371.1Schris#pseudo-device vcoda 4 # coda minicache <-> venus comm. 4381.1Schris 4391.1Schris# mouse & keyboard multiplexor pseudo-devices 4401.7Saugustsspseudo-device wsmux 4411.1Schris 4421.1Schris# for IPv6 4431.1Schris#pseudo-device gif 4 # IPv[46] over IPv[46] tunnel (RFC1933) 4441.1Schris#pseudo-device faith 1 # IPv[46] tcp relay translation i/f 445