xref: /src/sys/arch/evbarm/fdt/fdt_machdep.c

/* $NetBSD: fdt_machdep.c,v 1.46 2018/10/28 10:21:42 jmcneill Exp $ */

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Jared McNeill <jmcneill (at) invisible.ca>
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: fdt_machdep.c,v 1.46 2018/10/28 10:21:42 jmcneill Exp $");

#include "opt_machdep.h"
#include "opt_bootconfig.h"
#include "opt_ddb.h"
#include "opt_md.h"
#include "opt_arm_debug.h"
#include "opt_multiprocessor.h"
#include "opt_cpuoptions.h"
#include "opt_efi.h"

#include "ukbd.h"
#include "wsdisplay.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/bus.h>
#include <sys/atomic.h>
#include <sys/cpu.h>
#include <sys/device.h>
#include <sys/exec.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/kmem.h>
#include <sys/ksyms.h>
#include <sys/msgbuf.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/reboot.h>
#include <sys/termios.h>
#include <sys/extent.h>
#include <sys/bootblock.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/kauth.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/md5.h>

#include <dev/cons.h>
#include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>

#include <sys/conf.h>

#include <machine/db_machdep.h>
#include <ddb/db_sym.h>
#include <ddb/db_extern.h>

#include <machine/bootconfig.h>
#include <arm/armreg.h>

#include <arm/cpufunc.h>

#include <evbarm/include/autoconf.h>
#include <evbarm/fdt/machdep.h>
#include <evbarm/fdt/platform.h>

#include <arm/fdt/arm_fdtvar.h>

#ifdef EFI_RUNTIME
#include <arm/arm/efi_runtime.h>
#endif

#if NUKBD > 0
#include <dev/usb/ukbdvar.h>
#endif
#if NWSDISPLAY > 0
#include <dev/wscons/wsdisplayvar.h>
#endif

#ifdef MEMORY_DISK_DYNAMIC
#include <dev/md.h>
#endif

#ifndef FDT_MAX_BOOT_STRING
#define FDT_MAX_BOOT_STRING 1024
#endif

BootConfig bootconfig;
char bootargs[FDT_MAX_BOOT_STRING] = "";
char *boot_args = NULL;

/* filled in before cleaning bss. keep in .data */
u_long uboot_args[4] __attribute__((__section__(".data")));
const uint8_t *fdt_addr_r __attribute__((__section__(".data")));

static char fdt_memory_ext_storage[EXTENT_FIXED_STORAGE_SIZE(DRAM_BLOCKS)];
static struct extent *fdt_memory_ext;

static uint64_t initrd_start, initrd_end;

#include <libfdt.h>
#include <dev/fdt/fdtvar.h>
#define FDT_BUF_SIZE	(512*1024)
static uint8_t fdt_data[FDT_BUF_SIZE];

extern char KERNEL_BASE_phys[];
#define KERNEL_BASE_PHYS ((paddr_t)KERNEL_BASE_phys)

static void fdt_update_stdout_path(void);
static void fdt_device_register(device_t, void *);
static void fdt_device_register_post_config(device_t, void *);
static void fdt_cpu_rootconf(void);
static void fdt_reset(void);
static void fdt_powerdown(void);

static dev_type_cnputc(earlyconsputc);
static dev_type_cngetc(earlyconsgetc);

static struct consdev earlycons = {
	.cn_putc = earlyconsputc,
	.cn_getc = earlyconsgetc,
	.cn_pollc = nullcnpollc,
};

static void
fdt_putchar(char c)
{
#ifdef EARLYCONS
	const struct arm_platform *plat = arm_fdt_platform();
	if (plat && plat->ap_early_putchar) {
		plat->ap_early_putchar(c);
	} else {
		uartputc(c);
	}
#endif
}

static void
earlyconsputc(dev_t dev, int c)
{
	fdt_putchar(c);
}

static int
earlyconsgetc(dev_t dev)
{
	return 0;	/* XXX */
}

#ifdef VERBOSE_INIT_ARM
#define VPRINTF(...)	printf(__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define VPRINTF(...)	__nothing
#endif

/*
 * ARM: Get the first physically contiguous region of memory.
 * ARM64: Get all of physical memory, including holes.
 */
static void
fdt_get_memory(uint64_t *pstart, uint64_t *pend)
{
	const int memory = OF_finddevice("/memory");
	uint64_t cur_addr, cur_size;
	int index;

	/* Assume the first entry is the start of memory */
	if (fdtbus_get_reg64(memory, 0, &cur_addr, &cur_size) != 0)
		panic("Cannot determine memory size");

	*pstart = cur_addr;
	*pend = cur_addr + cur_size;

	VPRINTF("FDT /memory [%d] @ 0x%" PRIx64 " size 0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
	    0, *pstart, *pend - *pstart);

	for (index = 1;
	     fdtbus_get_reg64(memory, index, &cur_addr, &cur_size) == 0;
	     index++) {
		VPRINTF("FDT /memory [%d] @ 0x%" PRIx64 " size 0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
		    index, cur_addr, cur_size);

#ifdef __aarch64__
		if (cur_addr + cur_size > *pend)
			*pend = cur_addr + cur_size;
#else
		/* If subsequent entries follow the previous, append them. */
		if (*pend == cur_addr)
			*pend = cur_addr + cur_size;
#endif
	}
}

void
fdt_add_reserved_memory_range(uint64_t addr, uint64_t size)
{
	uint64_t start = addr;
	uint64_t end = addr + size;

	int error = extent_free(fdt_memory_ext, start,
	     end - start, EX_NOWAIT);
	if (error != 0)
		printf("MEM ERROR: res %" PRIx64 "-%" PRIx64 " failed: %d\n",
		    start, end, error);
	else
		VPRINTF("MEM: res %" PRIx64 "-%" PRIx64 "\n", start, end);
}

/*
 * Exclude memory ranges from memory config from the device tree
 */
static void
fdt_add_reserved_memory(uint64_t min_addr, uint64_t max_addr)
{
	uint64_t lstart = 0, lend = 0;
	uint64_t addr, size;
	int index, error;

	const int num = fdt_num_mem_rsv(fdtbus_get_data());
	for (index = 0; index <= num; index++) {
		error = fdt_get_mem_rsv(fdtbus_get_data(), index,
		    &addr, &size);
		if (error != 0)
			continue;
		if (lstart <= addr && addr <= lend) {
			size -= (lend - addr);
			addr = lend;
		}
		if (size == 0)
			continue;
		if (addr + size <= min_addr)
			continue;
		if (addr >= max_addr)
			continue;
		if (addr < min_addr) {
			size -= (min_addr - addr);
			addr = min_addr;
		}
		if (addr + size > max_addr)
			size = max_addr - addr;
		fdt_add_reserved_memory_range(addr, size);
		lstart = addr;
		lend = addr + size;
	}
}

/*
 * Define usable memory regions.
 */
static void
fdt_build_bootconfig(uint64_t mem_start, uint64_t mem_end)
{
	const int memory = OF_finddevice("/memory");
	BootConfig *bc = &bootconfig;
	struct extent_region *er;
	uint64_t addr, size;
	int index, error;

	fdt_memory_ext = extent_create("FDT Memory", mem_start, mem_end,
	    fdt_memory_ext_storage, sizeof(fdt_memory_ext_storage), EX_EARLY);

	for (index = 0;
	     fdtbus_get_reg64(memory, index, &addr, &size) == 0;
	     index++) {
		if (addr >= mem_end || size == 0)
			continue;
		if (addr + size > mem_end)
			size = mem_end - addr;

		error = extent_alloc_region(fdt_memory_ext, addr, size,
		    EX_NOWAIT);
		if (error != 0)
			printf("MEM ERROR: add %" PRIx64 "-%" PRIx64 " failed: %d\n",
			    addr, addr + size, error);
		VPRINTF("MEM: add %" PRIx64 "-%" PRIx64 "\n", addr, addr + size);
	}

	fdt_add_reserved_memory(mem_start, mem_end);

	const uint64_t initrd_size = initrd_end - initrd_start;
	if (initrd_size > 0)
		fdt_add_reserved_memory_range(initrd_start, initrd_size);

	VPRINTF("Usable memory:\n");
	bc->dramblocks = 0;
	LIST_FOREACH(er, &fdt_memory_ext->ex_regions, er_link) {
		VPRINTF("  %lx - %lx\n", er->er_start, er->er_end);
		bc->dram[bc->dramblocks].address = er->er_start;
		bc->dram[bc->dramblocks].pages =
		    (er->er_end - er->er_start) / PAGE_SIZE;
		bc->dramblocks++;
	}
}

static void
fdt_probe_initrd(uint64_t *pstart, uint64_t *pend)
{
	*pstart = *pend = 0;

#ifdef MEMORY_DISK_DYNAMIC
	const int chosen = OF_finddevice("/chosen");
	if (chosen < 0)
		return;

	int len;
	const void *start_data = fdtbus_get_prop(chosen,
	    "linux,initrd-start", &len);
	const void *end_data = fdtbus_get_prop(chosen,
	    "linux,initrd-end", NULL);
	if (start_data == NULL || end_data == NULL)
		return;

	switch (len) {
	case 4:
		*pstart = be32dec(start_data);
		*pend = be32dec(end_data);
		break;
	case 8:
		*pstart = be64dec(start_data);
		*pend = be64dec(end_data);
		break;
	default:
		printf("Unsupported len %d for /chosen/initrd-start\n", len);
		return;
	}
#endif
}

static void
fdt_setup_initrd(void)
{
#ifdef MEMORY_DISK_DYNAMIC
	const uint64_t initrd_size = initrd_end - initrd_start;
	paddr_t startpa = trunc_page(initrd_start);
	paddr_t endpa = round_page(initrd_end);
	paddr_t pa;
	vaddr_t va;
	void *md_start;

	if (initrd_size == 0)
		return;

	va = uvm_km_alloc(kernel_map, initrd_size, 0,
	    UVM_KMF_VAONLY | UVM_KMF_NOWAIT);
	if (va == 0) {
		printf("Failed to allocate VA for initrd\n");
		return;
	}

	md_start = (void *)va;

	for (pa = startpa; pa < endpa; pa += PAGE_SIZE, va += PAGE_SIZE)
		pmap_kenter_pa(va, pa, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, 0);
	pmap_update(pmap_kernel());

	md_root_setconf(md_start, initrd_size);
#endif
}

#ifdef EFI_RUNTIME
static void
fdt_map_efi_runtime(const char *prop, bool exec)
{
	int len;

	const int chosen_off = fdt_path_offset(fdt_data, "/chosen");
	if (chosen_off < 0)
		return;

	const uint64_t *map = fdt_getprop(fdt_data, chosen_off, prop, &len);
	if (map == NULL)
		return;

	while (len >= 24) {
		const paddr_t pa = be64toh(map[0]);
		const vaddr_t va = be64toh(map[1]);
		const uint64_t sz = be64toh(map[2]);
		arm_efirt_md_map_range(va, pa, sz, exec);
		map += 3;
		len -= 24;
	}
}
#endif

u_int initarm(void *arg);

u_int
initarm(void *arg)
{
	const struct arm_platform *plat;
	uint64_t memory_start, memory_end;

	/* set temporally to work printf()/panic() even before consinit() */
	cn_tab = &earlycons;

	/* Load FDT */
	int error = fdt_check_header(fdt_addr_r);
	if (error == 0) {
		/* If the DTB is too big, try to pack it in place first. */
		if (fdt_totalsize(fdt_addr_r) > sizeof(fdt_data))
			(void)fdt_pack(__UNCONST(fdt_addr_r));
		error = fdt_open_into(fdt_addr_r, fdt_data, sizeof(fdt_data));
		if (error != 0)
			panic("fdt_move failed: %s", fdt_strerror(error));
		fdtbus_set_data(fdt_data);
	} else {
		panic("fdt_check_header failed: %s", fdt_strerror(error));
	}

	/* Lookup platform specific backend */
	plat = arm_fdt_platform();
	if (plat == NULL)
		panic("Kernel does not support this device");

	/* Early console may be available, announce ourselves. */
	VPRINTF("FDT<%p>\n", fdt_addr_r);

	const int chosen = OF_finddevice("/chosen");
	if (chosen >= 0)
		OF_getprop(chosen, "bootargs", bootargs, sizeof(bootargs));
	boot_args = bootargs;

	/* Heads up ... Setup the CPU / MMU / TLB functions. */
	VPRINTF("cpufunc\n");
	if (set_cpufuncs())
		panic("cpu not recognized!");

	/*
	 * Memory is still identity/flat mapped this point so using ttbr for
	 * l1pt VA is fine
	 */

	VPRINTF("devmap\n");
	extern char ARM_BOOTSTRAP_LxPT[];
	pmap_devmap_bootstrap((vaddr_t)ARM_BOOTSTRAP_LxPT, plat->ap_devmap());

	VPRINTF("bootstrap\n");
	plat->ap_bootstrap();

	/*
	 * If stdout-path is specified on the command line, override the
	 * value in /chosen/stdout-path before initializing console.
	 */
	VPRINTF("stdout\n");
	fdt_update_stdout_path();

	/*
	 * Done making changes to the FDT.
	 */
	fdt_pack(fdt_data);

	VPRINTF("consinit ");
	consinit();
	VPRINTF("ok\n");

	VPRINTF("uboot: args %#lx, %#lx, %#lx, %#lx\n",
	    uboot_args[0], uboot_args[1], uboot_args[2], uboot_args[3]);

	cpu_reset_address = fdt_reset;
	cpu_powerdown_address = fdt_powerdown;
	evbarm_device_register = fdt_device_register;
	evbarm_device_register_post_config = fdt_device_register_post_config;
	evbarm_cpu_rootconf = fdt_cpu_rootconf;

	/* Talk to the user */
	printf("NetBSD/evbarm (fdt) booting ...\n");

#ifdef BOOT_ARGS
	char mi_bootargs[] = BOOT_ARGS;
	parse_mi_bootargs(mi_bootargs);
#endif

	fdt_get_memory(&memory_start, &memory_end);

#if !defined(_LP64)
	/* Cannot map memory above 4GB */
	if (memory_end >= 0x100000000ULL)
		memory_end = 0x100000000ULL - PAGE_SIZE;

#endif
	uint64_t memory_size = memory_end - memory_start;

	VPRINTF("%s: memory start %" PRIx64 " end %" PRIx64 " (len %"
	    PRIx64 ")\n", __func__, memory_start, memory_end, memory_size);

	/* Parse ramdisk info */
	fdt_probe_initrd(&initrd_start, &initrd_end);

	/*
	 * Populate bootconfig structure for the benefit of
	 * dodumpsys
	 */
	VPRINTF("%s: fdt_build_bootconfig\n", __func__);
	fdt_build_bootconfig(memory_start, memory_end);

#ifdef EFI_RUNTIME
	fdt_map_efi_runtime("netbsd,uefi-runtime-code", true);
	fdt_map_efi_runtime("netbsd,uefi-runtime-data", false);
#endif

	/* Perform PT build and VM init */
	cpu_kernel_vm_init(memory_start, memory_size);

	VPRINTF("bootargs: %s\n", bootargs);

	parse_mi_bootargs(boot_args);

	#define MAX_PHYSMEM 64
	static struct boot_physmem fdt_physmem[MAX_PHYSMEM];
	int nfdt_physmem = 0;
	struct extent_region *er;

	VPRINTF("Memory regions :\n");
	LIST_FOREACH(er, &fdt_memory_ext->ex_regions, er_link) {
		VPRINTF("  %lx - %lx\n", er->er_start, er->er_end);
		struct boot_physmem *bp = &fdt_physmem[nfdt_physmem++];

		KASSERT(nfdt_physmem <= MAX_PHYSMEM);

		bp->bp_start = atop(round_page(er->er_start));
		bp->bp_pages = atop(trunc_page(er->er_end + 1)) - bp->bp_start;
		bp->bp_freelist = VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT;

#ifdef _LP64
		if (er->er_end > 0x100000000)
			bp->bp_freelist = VM_FREELIST_HIGHMEM;
#endif

#ifdef PMAP_NEED_ALLOC_POOLPAGE
		if (atop(memory_size) > bp->bp_pages) {
			arm_poolpage_vmfreelist = VM_FREELIST_DIRECTMAP;
			bp->bp_freelist = VM_FREELIST_DIRECTMAP;
		}
#endif
	}

	u_int sp = initarm_common(KERNEL_VM_BASE, KERNEL_VM_SIZE, fdt_physmem,
	     nfdt_physmem);

	VPRINTF("mpstart\n");
	if (plat->ap_mpstart)
		plat->ap_mpstart();

	/*
	 * Now we have APs started the pages used for stacks and L1PT can
	 * be given to uvm
	 */
	extern char __start__init_memory[], __stop__init_memory[];
	if (__start__init_memory != __stop__init_memory) {
		const paddr_t spa = KERN_VTOPHYS((vaddr_t)__start__init_memory);
		const paddr_t epa = KERN_VTOPHYS((vaddr_t)__stop__init_memory);
		const paddr_t spg = atop(spa);
		const paddr_t epg = atop(epa);

		uvm_page_physload(spg, epg, spg, epg, VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT);

		VPRINTF("           start %08lx  end %08lx", ptoa(spa), ptoa(epa));
	}

	return sp;
}

static void
fdt_update_stdout_path(void)
{
	char *stdout_path, *ep;
	int stdout_path_len;
	char buf[256];

	const int chosen_off = fdt_path_offset(fdt_data, "/chosen");
	if (chosen_off == -1)
		return;

	if (get_bootconf_option(boot_args, "stdout-path",
	    BOOTOPT_TYPE_STRING, &stdout_path) == 0)
		return;

	ep = strchr(stdout_path, ' ');
	stdout_path_len = ep ? (ep - stdout_path) : strlen(stdout_path);
	if (stdout_path_len >= sizeof(buf))
		return;

	strncpy(buf, stdout_path, stdout_path_len);
	buf[stdout_path_len] = '\0';
	fdt_setprop(fdt_data, chosen_off, "stdout-path",
	    buf, stdout_path_len + 1);
}

void
consinit(void)
{
	static bool initialized = false;
	const struct arm_platform *plat = arm_fdt_platform();
	const struct fdt_console *cons = fdtbus_get_console();
	struct fdt_attach_args faa;
	u_int uart_freq = 0;

	if (initialized || cons == NULL)
		return;

	plat->ap_init_attach_args(&faa);
	faa.faa_phandle = fdtbus_get_stdout_phandle();

	if (plat->ap_uart_freq != NULL)
		uart_freq = plat->ap_uart_freq();

	cons->consinit(&faa, uart_freq);

	initialized = true;
}

void
delay(u_int us)
{
	const struct arm_platform *plat = arm_fdt_platform();

	plat->ap_delay(us);
}

static void
fdt_detect_root_device(device_t dev)
{
	struct mbr_sector mbr;
	uint8_t buf[DEV_BSIZE];
	uint8_t hash[16];
	const uint8_t *rhash;
	char rootarg[32];
	struct vnode *vp;
	MD5_CTX md5ctx;
	int error, len;
	size_t resid;
	u_int part;

	const int chosen = OF_finddevice("/chosen");
	if (chosen < 0)
		return;

	if (of_hasprop(chosen, "netbsd,mbr") &&
	    of_hasprop(chosen, "netbsd,partition")) {

		/*
		 * The bootloader has passed in a partition index and MD5 hash
		 * of the MBR sector. Read the MBR of this device, calculate the
		 * hash, and compare it with the value passed in.
		 */
		rhash = fdtbus_get_prop(chosen, "netbsd,mbr", &len);
		if (rhash == NULL || len != 16)
			return;
		of_getprop_uint32(chosen, "netbsd,partition", &part);
		if (part >= MAXPARTITIONS)
			return;

		vp = opendisk(dev);
		if (!vp)
			return;
		error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, vp, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, UIO_SYSSPACE,
		    0, NOCRED, &resid, NULL);
		VOP_CLOSE(vp, FREAD, NOCRED);
		vput(vp);

		if (error != 0)
			return;

		memcpy(&mbr, buf, sizeof(mbr));
		MD5Init(&md5ctx);
		MD5Update(&md5ctx, (void *)&mbr, sizeof(mbr));
		MD5Final(hash, &md5ctx);

		if (memcmp(rhash, hash, 16) != 0)
			return;

		snprintf(rootarg, sizeof(rootarg), " root=%s%c", device_xname(dev), part + 'a');
		strcat(boot_args, rootarg);
	}
}

static void
fdt_device_register(device_t self, void *aux)
{
	const struct arm_platform *plat = arm_fdt_platform();

	if (device_is_a(self, "armfdt"))
		fdt_setup_initrd();

	if (plat && plat->ap_device_register)
		plat->ap_device_register(self, aux);
}

static void
fdt_device_register_post_config(device_t self, void *aux)
{
#if NUKBD > 0 && NWSDISPLAY > 0
	if (device_is_a(self, "wsdisplay")) {
		struct wsdisplay_softc *sc = device_private(self);
		if (wsdisplay_isconsole(sc))
			ukbd_cnattach();
	}
#endif
}

static void
fdt_cpu_rootconf(void)
{
	device_t dev;
	deviter_t di;
	char *ptr;

	for (dev = deviter_first(&di, 0); dev; dev = deviter_next(&di)) {
		if (device_class(dev) != DV_DISK)
			continue;

		if (get_bootconf_option(boot_args, "root", BOOTOPT_TYPE_STRING, &ptr) != 0)
			break;

		if (device_is_a(dev, "ld") || device_is_a(dev, "sd") || device_is_a(dev, "wd"))
			fdt_detect_root_device(dev);
	}
	deviter_release(&di);
}

static void
fdt_reset(void)
{
	const struct arm_platform *plat = arm_fdt_platform();

	fdtbus_power_reset();

	if (plat && plat->ap_reset)
		plat->ap_reset();
}

static void
fdt_powerdown(void)
{
	fdtbus_power_poweroff();
}