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INSTALL revision 1.125
      1  1.125      tron #	$NetBSD: INSTALL,v 1.125 1999/09/23 16:09:13 tron Exp $
      2    1.2       tls #
      3   1.54   thorpej #	INSTALL - Installation kernel.
      4    1.2       tls #
      5   1.54   thorpej #	This kernel should be derived from GENERIC with some features
      6   1.54   thorpej #	commented out.
      7   1.54   thorpej #
      8   1.54   thorpej #	This kernel does NOT support X, mice, audio devices, non-NetBSD
      9   1.37     perry #	emulation.
     10   1.54   thorpej #
     11    1.2       tls 
     12   1.25      fvdl include "arch/i386/conf/std.i386"
     13    1.2       tls 
     14   1.54   thorpej # Enable the hooks used for initializing the root memory-disk.
     15   1.54   thorpej options 	MEMORY_DISK_HOOKS
     16   1.54   thorpej options 	MEMORY_DISK_IS_ROOT	# force root on memory disk
     17   1.54   thorpej options 	MEMORY_DISK_SERVER=0	# no userspace memory disk support
     18  1.103        he options 	MINIROOTSIZE=3174	# size of memory disk, in blocks
     19   1.54   thorpej #options 	MINIROOTSIZE=2880	# 1.44M, same as a floppy
     20  1.112  sommerfe 
     21  1.112  sommerfe makeoptions	COPTS="-Os"		# generates smaller code than -O2, -O1
     22   1.54   thorpej 
     23   1.54   thorpej maxusers	32		# estimated number of users
     24   1.54   thorpej 
     25   1.54   thorpej # CPU support.  At least one is REQUIRED.
     26   1.54   thorpej options 	I386_CPU
     27   1.39    mellon options 	I486_CPU
     28   1.39    mellon options 	I586_CPU
     29   1.86     enami options 	I686_CPU
     30   1.54   thorpej 
     31   1.54   thorpej # CPU-related options.
     32  1.101       rvb options 	MATH_EMULATE	# floating point emulation
     33   1.50   mycroft #options 	VM86		# virtual 8086 emulation
     34   1.50   mycroft #options 	USER_LDT	# user-settable LDT; used by WINE
     35   1.56     perry # eliminate delay no-ops in I/O; recommended on all but very old machines
     36   1.56     perry #options 	DUMMY_NOPS
     37   1.54   thorpej 
     38   1.54   thorpej # Misc. i386-specific options
     39   1.54   thorpej #options 	XSERVER		# X server support in console drivers
     40   1.54   thorpej 
     41   1.54   thorpej # This option allows you to force a serial console at the specified
     42   1.54   thorpej # I/O address.
     43   1.54   thorpej #options 	"CONSDEVNAME=\"com\"",CONADDR=0x3f8,CONSPEED=9600
     44    1.7   thorpej 
     45   1.49   mycroft # The following options override the memory sizes passed in from the boot
     46   1.49   mycroft # block.  Use them *only* if the boot block is unable to determine the correct
     47   1.55     perry # values.  Note that the BIOS may *correctly* report less than 640k of base
     48   1.49   mycroft # memory if the extended BIOS data area is located at the top of base memory
     49   1.49   mycroft # (as is the case on most recent systems).
     50   1.49   mycroft #options 	REALBASEMEM=...	# size of base memory
     51   1.49   mycroft #options 	REALEXTMEM=...	# size of extended memory
     52  1.102      marc 
     53  1.102      marc # Avoid irq 5 and 7, the most likely cause of problems on modern laptops.
     54  1.102      marc options		PCIC_ISA_INTR_ALLOC_MASK=0xff5f
     55    1.2       tls 
     56   1.54   thorpej # Standard system options
     57   1.54   thorpej 
     58   1.54   thorpej #options 	UCONSOLE	# users can use TIOCCONS (for xconsole)
     59   1.54   thorpej options 	INSECURE	# disable kernel security levels
     60    1.2       tls 
     61   1.39    mellon options 	RTC_OFFSET=0	# hardware clock is this many mins. west of GMT
     62   1.39    mellon #options 	NTP		# NTP phase/frequency locked loop
     63    1.2       tls 
     64   1.47     mikel #options 	KTRACE		# system call tracing via ktrace(1)
     65    1.2       tls 
     66   1.39    mellon #options 	SYSVMSG		# System V-like message queues
     67   1.39    mellon #options 	SYSVSEM		# System V-like semaphores
     68   1.39    mellon #options 	SYSVSHM		# System V-like memory sharing
     69   1.39    mellon #options 	SHMMAXPGS=1024	# 1024 pages is the default
     70   1.39    mellon 
     71   1.54   thorpej #options 	LKM		# loadable kernel modules
     72   1.89   thorpej 
     73   1.54   thorpej # Diagnostic/debugging support options
     74   1.54   thorpej #options 	DIAGNOSTIC	# cheap kernel consistency checks
     75   1.54   thorpej #options 	DEBUG		# expensive debugging checks/support
     76   1.54   thorpej #options 	KMEMSTATS	# kernel memory statistics (vmstat -m)
     77  1.108        he options 	DDB		# in-kernel debugger
     78  1.108        he options 	DDB_ONPANIC=0	# do not by default automatically drop to ddb
     79   1.66     lukem #options 	DDB_HISTORY_SIZE=100	# enable history editing in DDB
     80   1.54   thorpej #options 	KGDB		# remote debugger
     81   1.54   thorpej #options 	"KGDB_DEVNAME=\"com\"",KGDBADDR=0x3f8,KGDBRATE=9600
     82   1.54   thorpej #makeoptions	DEBUG="-g"	# compile full symbol table
     83   1.54   thorpej 
     84   1.61     mikel # Compatibility options
     85   1.39    mellon #options 	COMPAT_NOMID	# compatibility with 386BSD, BSDI, NetBSD 0.8,
     86   1.39    mellon #options 	COMPAT_09	# NetBSD 0.9,
     87  1.101       rvb options 	COMPAT_10	# NetBSD 1.0,
     88  1.101       rvb options 	COMPAT_11	# NetBSD 1.1,
     89  1.101       rvb options 	COMPAT_12	# NetBSD 1.2,
     90  1.101       rvb options 	COMPAT_13	# NetBSD 1.3,
     91  1.121  augustss options 	COMPAT_14	# NetBSD 1.4,
     92   1.39    mellon #options 	COMPAT_43	# and 4.3BSD
     93   1.84     veego options 	COMPAT_386BSD_MBRPART # recognize old partition ID
     94   1.39    mellon 
     95   1.39    mellon #options 	COMPAT_SVR4	# binary compatibility with SVR4
     96   1.39    mellon #options 	COMPAT_IBCS2	# binary compatibility with SCO and ISC
     97   1.39    mellon #options 	COMPAT_LINUX	# binary compatibility with Linux
     98   1.39    mellon #options 	COMPAT_FREEBSD	# binary compatibility with FreeBSD
     99    1.2       tls 
    100   1.54   thorpej # File systems
    101   1.32   thorpej file-system 	FFS		# UFS
    102  1.101       rvb file-system 	EXT2FS		# second extended file system (linux)
    103   1.43     mikel #file-system 	LFS		# log-structured file system
    104   1.32   thorpej file-system 	MFS		# memory file system
    105   1.32   thorpej file-system 	NFS		# Network File System client
    106  1.116  christos file-system 	NTFS		# Windows/NT Filesystem
    107  1.101       rvb file-system 	CD9660		# ISO 9660 + Rock Ridge file system
    108  1.101       rvb file-system 	MSDOSFS		# MS-DOS file system
    109   1.59     perry #file-system 	FDESC		# /dev/fd
    110   1.32   thorpej file-system 	KERNFS		# /kern
    111   1.43     mikel #file-system 	NULLFS		# loopback file system
    112   1.43     mikel #file-system 	PORTAL		# portal filesystem (still experimental)
    113   1.43     mikel #file-system 	PROCFS		# /proc
    114   1.43     mikel #file-system 	UMAPFS		# NULLFS + uid and gid remapping
    115   1.43     mikel #file-system 	UNION		# union file system
    116    1.2       tls 
    117   1.54   thorpej # File system options
    118   1.39    mellon #options 	QUOTA		# UFS quotas
    119   1.39    mellon #options 	NFSSERVER	# Network File System server
    120   1.37     perry #options 	EXT2FS_SYSTEM_FLAGS # makes ext2fs file flags (append and
    121   1.37     perry 				# immutable) behave as system flags.
    122   1.61     mikel 
    123   1.54   thorpej # Networking options
    124   1.39    mellon #options 	GATEWAY		# packet forwarding
    125   1.39    mellon options 	INET		# IP + ICMP + TCP + UDP
    126   1.39    mellon #options 	MROUTING	# IP multicast routing
    127   1.39    mellon #options 	NS		# XNS
    128   1.39    mellon #options 	NSIP		# XNS tunneling over IP
    129   1.39    mellon #options 	ISO,TPIP	# OSI
    130   1.39    mellon #options 	EON		# OSI tunneling over IP
    131   1.39    mellon #options 	CCITT,LLC,HDLC	# X.25
    132   1.54   thorpej #options 	NETATALK	# AppleTalk networking protocols
    133   1.54   thorpej #options 	PPP_BSDCOMP	# BSD-Compress compression support for PPP
    134   1.54   thorpej #options 	PPP_DEFLATE	# Deflate compression support for PPP
    135   1.54   thorpej #options 	PPP_FILTER	# Active filter support for PPP (requires bpf)
    136   1.43     mikel #options 	PFIL_HOOKS	# pfil(9) packet filter hooks
    137    1.2       tls 
    138   1.61     mikel # Compatibility with 4.2BSD implementation of TCP/IP.  Not recommended.
    139   1.54   thorpej #options 	TCP_COMPAT_42
    140    1.2       tls 
    141   1.56     perry # These options enable verbose messages for several subsystems.
    142   1.56     perry # Warning, these may compile large string tables into the kernel!
    143   1.56     perry #options 	EISAVERBOSE	# verbose EISA device autoconfig messages
    144   1.56     perry #options 	PCIVERBOSE	# verbose PCI device autoconfig messages
    145   1.54   thorpej #options 	PCMCIAVERBOSE	# verbose PCMCIA configuration messages
    146   1.56     perry #options 	SCSIVERBOSE	# human readable SCSI error messages
    147   1.54   thorpej 
    148   1.54   thorpej # Kernel root file system and dump configuration.
    149   1.54   thorpej config		netbsd	root on ? type ?
    150   1.54   thorpej #config		netbsd	root on sd0a type ffs
    151   1.54   thorpej #config		netbsd	root on ? type nfs
    152   1.54   thorpej 
    153   1.54   thorpej #
    154   1.54   thorpej # Device configuration
    155   1.54   thorpej #
    156   1.43     mikel 
    157    1.6       cgd mainbus0 at root
    158    1.6       cgd 
    159   1.54   thorpej #apm0	at mainbus0			# Advanced power management
    160    1.2       tls 
    161   1.56     perry 
    162   1.56     perry # Basic Bus Support
    163   1.56     perry 
    164   1.54   thorpej # PCI bus support
    165   1.54   thorpej pci*	at mainbus? bus ?
    166   1.54   thorpej pci*	at pchb? bus ?
    167    1.5       cgd pci*	at ppb? bus ?
    168   1.54   thorpej 
    169   1.56     perry # PCI bridges
    170   1.27   thorpej pchb*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# PCI-Host bridges
    171   1.75   thorpej pceb*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# PCI-EISA bridges
    172   1.27   thorpej pcib*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# PCI-ISA bridges
    173   1.54   thorpej ppb*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# PCI-PCI bridges
    174   1.88       cgd # XXX 'puc's aren't really bridges, but there's no better place for them here
    175   1.88       cgd puc*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# PCI "universal" comm. cards
    176   1.27   thorpej 
    177   1.54   thorpej # EISA bus support
    178   1.54   thorpej eisa*	at mainbus?
    179   1.75   thorpej eisa*	at pceb?
    180   1.27   thorpej 
    181   1.54   thorpej # ISA bus support
    182   1.54   thorpej isa*	at mainbus?
    183   1.75   thorpej isa*	at pceb?
    184   1.54   thorpej isa*	at pcib?
    185   1.54   thorpej 
    186   1.56     perry # PCMCIA bus support
    187   1.56     perry pcmcia*	at pcic? controller ? socket ?
    188  1.118  christos pcmcia*	at tcic? controller ? socket ?
    189   1.56     perry 
    190   1.56     perry # ISA PCMCIA controllers
    191   1.56     perry pcic0	at isa? port 0x3e0 iomem 0xd0000 iosiz 0x4000
    192   1.56     perry pcic1	at isa? port 0x3e2 iomem 0xd4000 iosiz 0x4000
    193  1.118  christos tcic0	at isa? port 0x240 iomem 0xd0000 iosiz 0x4000
    194  1.118  christos 
    195  1.118  christos # PCI PCMCIA controllers
    196  1.118  christos pcic0	at pci? dev? function ?
    197   1.56     perry 
    198   1.56     perry # ISA Plug-and-Play bus support
    199   1.56     perry isapnp0	at isa?
    200   1.56     perry 
    201  1.118  christos # ISA Plug-and-Play PCMCIA controllers
    202  1.118  christos pcic*	at isapnp?
    203   1.56     perry 
    204   1.56     perry # Coprocessor Support
    205   1.56     perry 
    206   1.56     perry # Math Coprocessor support
    207   1.56     perry npx0	at isa? port 0xf0 irq 13	# x86 math coprocessor
    208   1.56     perry 
    209   1.56     perry 
    210   1.56     perry # Console Devices
    211   1.56     perry 
    212   1.56     perry # ISA console.  You can only configure one of these!
    213   1.56     perry pc0	at isa? port 0x60 irq 1		# pccons generic PC console driver
    214   1.56     perry #vt0	at isa? port 0x60 irq 1		# PCVT console driver
    215   1.90    bouyer 
    216   1.90    bouyer # Keyboard layout configuration for pccons
    217   1.92    bouyer #options 	FRENCH_KBD
    218   1.91    bouyer #options 	FINNISH_KBD
    219   1.92    bouyer #options 	GERMAN_KBD
    220   1.93     perry #options 	NORWEGIAN_KBD
    221   1.56     perry 
    222  1.118  christos # wscons
    223  1.118  christos #pckbc0	at isa?			# pc keyboard controller
    224  1.118  christos #pckbd*	at pckbc?		# PC keyboard
    225  1.118  christos # "opms" should not be enabled together with "pms" or "pmsi"
    226  1.118  christos #pms*		at pckbc?		# PS/2 mouse for wsmouse
    227  1.118  christos #pmsi*		at pckbc?	# PS/2 "Intelli"mouse for wsmouse
    228  1.118  christos #opms*		at pckbc?		# backwards compatible PS/2 mouse
    229  1.118  christos #vga0		at isa?
    230  1.118  christos #vga*		at pci?
    231  1.118  christos #pcdisplay0	at isa?			# CGA, MDA, EGA, HGA
    232  1.118  christos #wsdisplay*	at vga? console ?
    233  1.118  christos #wsdisplay*	at pcdisplay? console ?
    234  1.118  christos #wskbd*	at pckbd? console ?
    235  1.118  christos #wsmouse*	at pms?
    236  1.118  christos #wsmouse*	at pmsi?
    237  1.118  christos 
    238   1.82  drochner #pcppi0	at isa?
    239   1.82  drochner #sysbeep0	at pcppi?
    240   1.56     perry 
    241   1.56     perry # Serial Devices
    242   1.56     perry 
    243   1.56     perry # PCI serial interfaces
    244   1.88       cgd com*	at puc? port ?			# 16x450s on "universal" comm boards
    245   1.56     perry #cy*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# Cyclades Cyclom-Y serial boards
    246   1.54   thorpej 
    247   1.56     perry # ISA Plug-and-Play serial interfaces
    248   1.56     perry com*	at isapnp?			# Modems and serial boards
    249   1.56     perry 
    250   1.56     perry # PCMCIA serial interfaces
    251   1.56     perry com*	at pcmcia? function ?		# Modems and serial cards
    252   1.98   thorpej 
    253   1.98   thorpej pcmcom*	at pcmcia? function ?		# PCMCIA multi-port serial cards
    254   1.98   thorpej com*	at pcmcom? slave ?		# ...and the slave devices
    255   1.56     perry 
    256   1.56     perry # ISA serial interfaces
    257   1.56     perry #options 	COM_HAYESP		# adds Hayes ESP serial board support
    258   1.56     perry com0	at isa? port 0x3f8 irq 4	# Standard PC serial ports
    259   1.56     perry com1	at isa? port 0x2f8 irq 3
    260   1.56     perry com2	at isa? port 0x3e8 irq 5
    261   1.56     perry #com3	at isa? port 0x2e8 irq 9
    262   1.56     perry #ast0	at isa? port 0x1a0 irq 5	# AST 4-port serial cards
    263   1.56     perry #com*	at ast? slave ?
    264   1.56     perry #boca0	at isa? port 0x100 irq 5	# BOCA 8-port serial cards
    265   1.56     perry #com*	at boca? slave ?
    266  1.118  christos #tcom0	at isa? port 0x100 irq 7	# TC-800 8-port serial cards
    267  1.118  christos #com*	at tcom? slave ?
    268   1.56     perry #rtfps0	at isa? port 0x1230 irq 10	# RT 4-port serial cards
    269   1.56     perry #com*	at rtfps? slave ?
    270   1.56     perry #cy0	at isa? iomem 0xd4000 irq 12	# Cyclades serial cards
    271   1.56     perry 
    272   1.56     perry 
    273   1.56     perry # Parallel Printer Interfaces
    274   1.88       cgd 
    275   1.88       cgd # PCI parallel printer interfaces
    276   1.88       cgd #lpt*	at puc? port ?			# || ports on "universal" comm boards
    277   1.56     perry 
    278   1.56     perry # ISA parallel printer interfaces
    279   1.56     perry #lpt0	at isa? port 0x378 irq 7	# standard PC parallel ports
    280   1.56     perry #lpt1	at isa? port 0x278
    281   1.56     perry #lpt2	at isa? port 0x3bc
    282   1.56     perry 
    283   1.56     perry 
    284   1.56     perry # SCSI Controllers and Devices
    285    1.5       cgd 
    286   1.56     perry # PCI SCSI controllers
    287  1.118  christos adv*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# AdvanSys 1200[A,B], 9xx[U,UA] SCSI
    288   1.97     dante adw*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# AdvanSys 9xxUW SCSI
    289   1.56     perry ahc*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# Adaptec [23]94x, aic78x0 SCSI
    290   1.56     perry bha*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# BusLogic 9xx SCSI
    291   1.56     perry isp*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# Qlogic ISP [12]0x0 SCSI/FibreChannel
    292   1.56     perry ncr*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# NCR 53c8xx SCSI
    293  1.105   thorpej pcscp*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# AMD 53c974 PCscsi-PCI SCSI
    294    1.2       tls 
    295   1.56     perry # EISA SCSI controllers
    296   1.56     perry ahb*	at eisa? slot ?			# Adaptec 174[02] SCSI
    297   1.56     perry ahc*	at eisa? slot ?			# Adaptec 274x, aic7770 SCSI
    298   1.56     perry bha*	at eisa? slot ?			# BusLogic 7xx SCSI
    299   1.56     perry uha*	at eisa? slot ?			# UltraStor 24f SCSI
    300    1.2       tls 
    301   1.56     perry # PCMCIA SCSI controllers
    302   1.56     perry aic*	at pcmcia? function ?		# Adaptec APA-1460 SCSI
    303   1.81     enami 
    304   1.81     enami # ISA Plug-and-Play SCSI controllers
    305  1.118  christos aha*	at isapnp? 			# Adaptec AHA-154[02
    306   1.81     enami aic*	at isapnp?			# Adaptec AHA-1520B
    307   1.54   thorpej 
    308   1.54   thorpej # ISA SCSI controllers
    309  1.118  christos adv0	at isa? port ? irq ? drq ?	# AdvanSys APB-514[02]
    310   1.54   thorpej aha0	at isa? port 0x330 irq ? drq ?	# Adaptec 154[02] SCSI
    311   1.54   thorpej aha1	at isa? port 0x334 irq ? drq ?
    312   1.54   thorpej ahc0	at isa? port ? irq ?		# Adaptec 284x SCSI
    313   1.54   thorpej aic0	at isa? port 0x340 irq 11	# Adaptec 152[02] SCSI
    314   1.61     mikel bha0	at isa? port 0x330 irq ? drq ?	# BusLogic [457]4X SCSI
    315   1.54   thorpej bha1	at isa? port 0x334 irq ? drq ?
    316  1.118  christos nca0	at isa? port 0x360 irq 15	# Port-mapped NCR 53C80 contoller
    317  1.118  christos nca1	at isa? iomem 0xd8000 irq 5	# Memory-mapped controller (T128, etc.)
    318   1.54   thorpej sea0	at isa? iomem 0xc8000 irq 5	# Seagate/Future Domain SCSI
    319   1.54   thorpej uha0	at isa? port 0x330 irq ? drq ?	# UltraStor [13]4f SCSI
    320   1.72  drochner uha1	at isa? port 0x340 irq ? drq ?
    321   1.54   thorpej wds0	at isa? port 0x350 irq 15 drq 6	# WD7000 and TMC-7000 controllers
    322   1.54   thorpej wds1	at isa? port 0x358 irq 11 drq 5
    323   1.54   thorpej 
    324   1.56     perry # SCSI bus support
    325   1.95     dante scsibus* at adv?
    326   1.97     dante scsibus* at adw?
    327   1.56     perry scsibus* at aha?
    328   1.56     perry scsibus* at ahb?
    329   1.56     perry scsibus* at ahc?
    330   1.56     perry scsibus* at aic?
    331   1.56     perry scsibus* at bha?
    332   1.56     perry scsibus* at isp?
    333  1.118  christos scsibus* at nca?
    334   1.56     perry scsibus* at ncr?
    335  1.105   thorpej scsibus* at pcscp?
    336   1.56     perry scsibus* at sea?
    337   1.56     perry scsibus* at uha?
    338   1.56     perry scsibus* at wds?
    339   1.56     perry 
    340   1.56     perry # SCSI devices
    341   1.56     perry sd*	at scsibus? target ? lun ?	# SCSI disk drives
    342   1.56     perry st*	at scsibus? target ? lun ?	# SCSI tape drives
    343   1.56     perry cd*	at scsibus? target ? lun ?	# SCSI CD-ROM drives
    344   1.56     perry #ch*	at scsibus? target ? lun ?	# SCSI autochangers
    345   1.56     perry #ss*	at scsibus? target ? lun ?	# SCSI scanners
    346   1.56     perry #uk*	at scsibus? target ? lun ?	# SCSI unknown
    347   1.56     perry 
    348   1.56     perry 
    349  1.110       abs # IDE and related devices
    350  1.114    kleink # PCI IDE controllers - see pciide(4) for supported hardware.
    351   1.99    bouyer # The 0x0001 flag force the driver to use DMA, even if the driver doesn't know
    352   1.99    bouyer # how to set up DMA modes for this chip. This may work, or may cause
    353   1.99    bouyer # a machine hang with some controllers.
    354   1.99    bouyer pciide* at pci ? dev ? function ? flags 0x0000
    355   1.56     perry 
    356   1.99    bouyer # ISA Plug-and-Play IDE controllers
    357  1.118  christos wdc*	at isapnp?
    358   1.99    bouyer 
    359   1.99    bouyer # PCMCIA IDE controllers
    360   1.99    bouyer wdc*    at pcmcia? function ?   
    361   1.99    bouyer 
    362   1.99    bouyer # ISA ST506, ESDI, and IDE controllers
    363  1.117    bouyer # Use flags 0x01 if you want to try to use 32bits data I/O (the driver will
    364  1.117    bouyer # fall back to 16bits I/O if 32bits I/O are not functionnal).
    365  1.117    bouyer # Some controllers pass the initial 32bit test, but will fail later.
    366  1.117    bouyer wdc0	at isa? port 0x1f0 irq 14 flags 0x00
    367  1.117    bouyer wdc1	at isa? port 0x170 irq 15 flags 0x00
    368   1.56     perry 
    369   1.56     perry # IDE drives
    370  1.110       abs # Flags are used only with controllers that support DMA operations
    371  1.110       abs # and mode settings (e.g. some pciide controllers)
    372  1.110       abs # The lowest order four bits (rightmost digit) of the flags define the PIO
    373  1.110       abs # mode to use, the next set of four bits the DMA mode and the third set the
    374  1.110       abs # UltraDMA mode. For each set of four bits, the 3 lower bits define the mode
    375  1.110       abs # to use, and the last bit must be 1 for this setting to be used.
    376  1.110       abs # For DMA and UDMA, 0xf (1111) means 'disable'.
    377  1.110       abs # 0x0fac means 'use PIO mode 4, DMA mode 2, disable UltraDMA'.
    378  1.110       abs # (0xc=1100, 0xa=1010, 0xf=1111)
    379  1.110       abs # 0x0000 means "use whatever the drive claims to support".
    380  1.118  christos wd*	at wdc? channel ? drive ? flags 0x0000
    381  1.118  christos wd*	at pciide? channel ? drive ? flags 0x0000
    382   1.56     perry 
    383   1.56     perry # ATAPI bus support
    384  1.118  christos atapibus* at wdc? channel ?
    385   1.99    bouyer atapibus* at pciide? channel ?
    386   1.56     perry 
    387   1.56     perry # ATAPI devices
    388  1.118  christos # flags have the same meaning as for IDE drives.
    389  1.118  christos cd*	at atapibus? drive ? flags 0x0000	# ATAPI CD-ROM drives
    390  1.118  christos sd*	at atapibus? drive ? flags 0x0000	# ATAPI disk drives
    391  1.118  christos #uk*	at atapibus? drive ? flags 0x0000	# ATAPI unknown
    392   1.56     perry 
    393   1.56     perry 
    394   1.56     perry # Miscellaneous mass storage devices
    395   1.56     perry 
    396   1.56     perry # ISA floppy
    397   1.56     perry fdc0	at isa? port 0x3f0 irq 6 drq 2	# standard PC floppy controllers
    398   1.56     perry #fdc1	at isa? port 0x370 irq ? drq ?
    399   1.56     perry fd*	at fdc? drive ?			# the drives themselves
    400   1.56     perry # some machines need you to do this instead of fd*
    401   1.56     perry #fd0	at fdc0 drive 0
    402   1.56     perry 
    403   1.56     perry # ISA CD-ROM devices
    404   1.56     perry #mcd0	at isa? port 0x300 irq 10	# Mitsumi CD-ROM drives
    405   1.56     perry 
    406   1.56     perry # ISA tape devices
    407   1.56     perry # note: the wt driver conflicts unpleasantly with ed devices at the
    408   1.61     mikel # same I/O address. The probe reprograms their EEPROMs. Don't
    409   1.56     perry # uncomment it unless you are actually using it.
    410   1.72  drochner #wt0	at isa? port 0x308 irq 5 drq 1	# Archive and Wangtek QIC tape drives
    411   1.56     perry 
    412   1.56     perry 
    413   1.56     perry # Network Interfaces
    414   1.56     perry 
    415   1.56     perry # PCI network interfaces
    416   1.56     perry de*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# DEC 21x4x-based Ethernet
    417   1.56     perry en*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# ENI/Adaptec ATM
    418  1.104        he ep*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# 3Com 3c59x
    419  1.104        he ex*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# 3Com 90x[B]
    420   1.85   thorpej epic*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# SMC EPIC/100 Ethernet
    421  1.118  christos esh*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# Essential HIPPI card
    422   1.56     perry fpa*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# DEC DEFPA FDDI
    423   1.56     perry fxp*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# Intel EtherExpress PRO 10+/100B
    424   1.56     perry le*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# PCnet-PCI Ethernet
    425   1.56     perry ne*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# NE2000-compatible Ethernet
    426  1.122   thorpej sip*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# SiS 900 Ethernet
    427   1.60    bouyer tl*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# ThunderLAN-based Ethernet
    428  1.118  christos vr*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# VIA Rhine Fast Ethernet
    429  1.118  christos lmc*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# Lan Media Corp SSI/HSSI/DS3
    430  1.125      tron rl*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# Realtek 8129/8139
    431    1.2       tls 
    432   1.56     perry # EISA network interfaces
    433   1.56     perry ep*	at eisa? slot ?			# 3Com 3c579 Ethernet
    434   1.56     perry fea*	at eisa? slot ?			# DEC DEFEA FDDI
    435    1.2       tls 
    436   1.56     perry # ISA Plug-and-Play network interfaces
    437   1.56     perry ep*	at isapnp?			# 3Com 3c509 Ethernet
    438   1.56     perry ne*	at isapnp?			# NE2000-compatible Ethernet
    439  1.115       bad tr*	at isapnp?			# IBM/3COM TROPIC Token-Ring
    440   1.20   mycroft 
    441   1.56     perry # PCMCIA network interfaces
    442   1.56     perry ep*	at pcmcia? function ?		# 3Com 3c589 and 3c562 Ethernet
    443   1.80     enami mbe*	at pcmcia? function ?		# MB8696x based Ethernet
    444   1.56     perry ne*	at pcmcia? function ?		# NE2000-compatible Ethernet
    445   1.56     perry sm*	at pcmcia? function ?		# Megahertz Ethernet
    446  1.123    bouyer wi*	at pcmcia? function ?		# Lucent WaveLan IEEE (802.11)
    447   1.54   thorpej 
    448   1.54   thorpej # ISA network interfaces
    449   1.79     enami ate0	at isa? port 0x2a0 irq ?		# AT1700
    450   1.89   thorpej cs0	at isa? port 0x300 iomem ? irq ? drq ?	# CS8900 Ethernet
    451   1.62   thorpej ec0	at isa? port 0x250 iomem 0xd8000 irq 9	# 3Com 3c503 Ethernet
    452   1.65   thorpej eg0	at isa? port 0x280 irq 9		# 3C505 ethernet cards
    453   1.54   thorpej el0	at isa? port 0x300 irq 9		# 3C501 ethernet cards
    454   1.54   thorpej ep0	at isa? port ? irq ?			# 3C509 ethernet cards
    455   1.77  augustss ef0	at isa? port 0x360 iomem 0xd0000 irq 7	# 3C507
    456   1.77  augustss ai0	at isa? port 0x360 iomem 0xd0000 irq 7	# StarLAN
    457   1.79     enami fmv0	at isa? port 0x2a0 irq ?		# FMV-180 series
    458   1.77  augustss ix0	at isa? port 0x300 irq 10		# EtherExpress/16
    459   1.68   thorpej iy0	at isa? port 0x360 irq ?		# EtherExpress PRO 10 ISA
    460   1.67   thorpej lc0	at isa? port 0x320 iomem ? irq ?	# DEC EtherWORKS III (LEMAC)
    461  1.118  christos depca0	at isa? port 0x300 iomem 0xc8000 iosiz 0x8000 irq 5	# DEPCA
    462  1.118  christos le*	at depca?
    463  1.118  christos nele0	at isa? port 0x320 irq 9 drq 7		# NE2100
    464  1.118  christos le*	at nele?
    465  1.118  christos bicc0	at isa? port 0x320 irq 10 drq 7		# BICC IsoLan
    466  1.118  christos le*	at bicc?
    467   1.54   thorpej ne0	at isa? port 0x280 irq 9		# NE[12]000 ethernet cards
    468   1.54   thorpej ne1	at isa? port 0x300 irq 10
    469   1.64   thorpej sm0	at isa? port 0x300 irq 10		# SMC91C9x Ethernet
    470  1.115       bad tr0	at isa? port 0xa20 iomem 0xd8000 irq ?  # IBM TROPIC based Token-Ring
    471  1.115       bad tr1	at isa? port 0xa24 iomem 0xd0000 irq ?  # IBM TROPIC based Token-Ring
    472  1.115       bad tr*	at isa? port ? irq ?			# 3COM TROPIC based Token-Ring
    473   1.63   thorpej we0	at isa? port 0x280 iomem 0xd0000 irq 9	# WD/SMC Ethernet
    474   1.63   thorpej we1	at isa? port 0x300 iomem 0xcc000 irq 10
    475   1.54   thorpej 
    476   1.94   thorpej # MII/PHY support
    477  1.104        he exphy*	at mii? phy ?			# 3Com internal PHYs
    478  1.104        he icsphy*	at mii? phy ?			# Integrated Circuit Systems ICS1890
    479  1.104        he inphy*	at mii? phy ?			# Intel 82555 PHYs
    480  1.104        he lxtphy*	at mii? phy ?			# Level One LXT-970 PHYs
    481  1.118  christos nsphy*	at mii? phy ?			# NS83840 PHYs
    482  1.118  christos qsphy*	at mii? phy ?			# Quality Semiconductor QS6612 PHYs
    483  1.104        he sqphy*	at mii? phy ?			# Seeq 80220/80221/80223 PHYs
    484   1.94   thorpej tlphy*	at mii? phy ?			# ThunderLAN PHYs
    485  1.104        he ukphy*	at mii? phy ?			# generic unknown PHYs
    486   1.54   thorpej 
    487  1.118  christos # USB Controller and Devices
    488  1.118  christos 
    489  1.118  christos # PCI USB controllers
    490  1.118  christos #uhci*	at pci?				# Universal Host Controller (Intel)
    491  1.118  christos #ohci*	at pci?				# Open Host Controller
    492  1.118  christos 
    493  1.118  christos # USB bus support
    494  1.118  christos #usb*	at uhci?
    495  1.118  christos #usb*	at ohci?
    496  1.118  christos 
    497  1.118  christos # USB Hubs
    498  1.118  christos #uhub*	at usb?
    499  1.118  christos #uhub*	at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ?
    500  1.118  christos 
    501  1.118  christos # USB Mice
    502  1.118  christos #ums*	at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ?
    503  1.118  christos #wsmouse*	at ums?
    504  1.118  christos 
    505  1.118  christos # USB Keyboards
    506  1.118  christos #ukbd*	at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ?
    507  1.118  christos #wskbd*	at ukbd? console ?
    508  1.118  christos 
    509  1.118  christos # USB Generic HID devices
    510  1.118  christos #uhid*	at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ?
    511  1.118  christos 
    512  1.118  christos # USB Printer
    513  1.118  christos #ulpt*	at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ?
    514  1.124   thorpej 
    515  1.124   thorpej # USB Mass Storage
    516  1.124   thorpej #umass*	at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ?
    517  1.124   thorpej #scsibus* at umass? channel ?
    518  1.118  christos 
    519  1.118  christos # USB Generic driver
    520  1.118  christos #ugen*	at uhub? port ? configuration ? interface ?
    521  1.118  christos 
    522   1.56     perry # Audio Devices
    523   1.54   thorpej 
    524  1.118  christos # PCI audio devices
    525  1.118  christos #eap*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# Ensoniq AudioPCI
    526  1.120    kleink #eso*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# ESS Solo-1 PCI AudioDrive
    527  1.118  christos #sv*	at pci? dev ? function ?	# S3 SonicVibes
    528  1.118  christos 
    529   1.56     perry # ISA Plug-and-Play audio devices
    530   1.54   thorpej #guspnp*	at isapnp?			# Gravis Ultra Sound PnP audio
    531   1.54   thorpej #sb*	at isapnp?			# SoundBlaster-compatible audio
    532   1.54   thorpej 
    533   1.56     perry # ISA audio devices
    534  1.118  christos # the "aria" probe might give false hits
    535  1.118  christos #aria0	at isa? port 0x290 irq 10 		# Aria
    536   1.56     perry #gus0	at isa? port 0x220 irq 7 drq 1 drq2 6	# Gravis Ultra Sound
    537   1.56     perry #pas0	at isa? port 0x220 irq 7 drq 1		# ProAudio Spectrum
    538   1.56     perry #pss0	at isa? port 0x220 irq 7 drq 6  	# Personal Sound System
    539   1.56     perry #sp0	at pss0 port 0x530 irq 10 drq 0		# 	sound port driver
    540   1.56     perry #sb0	at isa? port 0x220 irq 7 drq 1 drq2 5	# SoundBlaster
    541   1.56     perry #wss0	at isa? port 0x530 irq 10 drq 0	drq2 1	# Windows Sound System
    542   1.54   thorpej 
    543  1.118  christos # OPL[23] FM syntheziers
    544  1.118  christos #opl0	at isa? port 0x388	# use only if not attached to sound card
    545  1.120    kleink #opl*	at eso?
    546  1.118  christos #opl*	at ess?
    547  1.118  christos #opl*	at sb?
    548  1.118  christos #opl*	at sv?
    549  1.118  christos  
    550   1.54   thorpej # Audio support
    551  1.118  christos #audio*	at aria?
    552  1.120    kleink #audio*	at eap?
    553  1.120    kleink #audio*	at eso?
    554   1.54   thorpej #audio*	at gus?
    555   1.54   thorpej #audio*	at guspnp?
    556   1.54   thorpej #audio*	at pas?
    557   1.54   thorpej #audio*	at sb?
    558   1.54   thorpej #audio*	at sp?
    559  1.120    kleink #audio*	at sv?
    560   1.54   thorpej #audio*	at wss?
    561   1.54   thorpej 
    562  1.118  christos # MIDI support
    563  1.118  christos #midi*	at pcppi?		# MIDI interface to the PC speaker
    564  1.118  christos #midi*	at sb?			# SB MPU401 port
    565  1.118  christos #midi*	at opl?			# OPL FM synth
    566  1.118  christos 
    567   1.56     perry # The spkr driver provides a simple tone interface to the built in speaker.
    568   1.82  drochner #spkr0	at pcppi?		# PC speaker
    569   1.56     perry 
    570   1.56     perry 
    571   1.56     perry # Mice
    572   1.56     perry 
    573   1.56     perry # ISA busmice
    574  1.118  christos #lms0	at isa? port 0x23c irq 5	# Logitech bus mouse
    575  1.118  christos #lms1	at isa? port 0x238 irq 5
    576  1.118  christos #mms0	at isa? port 0x23c irq 5	# Microsoft InPort mouse
    577  1.118  christos #mms1	at isa? port 0x238 irq 5
    578  1.118  christos #wsmouse*	at lms?
    579  1.118  christos #wsmouse*	at mms?
    580  1.118  christos # backwards compatible versions
    581  1.106  drochner #olms0	at isa? port 0x23c irq 5	# Logitech bus mouse
    582  1.106  drochner #olms1	at isa? port 0x238 irq 5
    583  1.106  drochner #omms0	at isa? port 0x23c irq 5	# Microsoft InPort mouse
    584  1.106  drochner #omms1	at isa? port 0x238 irq 5
    585  1.106  drochner #opms0	at pc? irq 12		# PS/2 auxiliary port mouse
    586  1.118  christos #opms0	at vt? irq 12		# PS/2 auxiliary port mouse
    587   1.56     perry 
    588   1.56     perry # Joysticks
    589   1.56     perry 
    590   1.56     perry # ISA Plug-and-Play joysticks
    591   1.56     perry #joy*	at isapnp?			# Game ports (usually on audio cards)
    592    1.2       tls 
    593   1.56     perry # ISA joysticks. Probe is a little strange; add only if you have one.
    594   1.56     perry #joy0	at isa? port 0x201
    595    1.2       tls 
    596   1.20   mycroft 
    597   1.56     perry # Miscellaneous Devices
    598   1.20   mycroft 
    599   1.56     perry # Planetconnect Satellite receiver driver.
    600   1.56     perry #satlink0 at isa? port 0x300 drq 1
    601   1.43     mikel 
    602   1.21   mycroft 
    603   1.54   thorpej # Pull in optional local configuration
    604   1.22   mycroft include	"arch/i386/conf/GENERIC.local"
    605   1.37     perry 
    606   1.56     perry 
    607   1.56     perry # Pseudo-Devices
    608   1.56     perry 
    609   1.56     perry # disk/mass storage pseudo-devices
    610   1.56     perry #pseudo-device	ccd		4	# concatenated/striped disk devices
    611  1.118  christos #pseudo-device	raid		4	# RAIDframe disk driver
    612   1.56     perry pseudo-device	md		1	# memory disk device (ramdisk)
    613   1.56     perry #pseudo-device	vnd		4	# disk-like interface to files
    614   1.56     perry 
    615   1.56     perry # network pseudo-devices
    616   1.54   thorpej #pseudo-device	bpfilter	8	# Berkeley packet filter
    617   1.54   thorpej #pseudo-device	ipfilter		# IP filter (firewall) and NAT
    618   1.54   thorpej pseudo-device	loop			# network loopback
    619   1.54   thorpej pseudo-device	ppp		2	# Point-to-Point Protocol
    620   1.56     perry pseudo-device	sl		2	# Serial Line IP
    621   1.56     perry #pseudo-device	strip		2	# Starmode Radio IP (Metricom)
    622   1.56     perry #pseudo-device	tun		2	# network tunneling over tty
    623  1.118  christos #pseudo-device	gre		2	# generic L3 over IP tunnel
    624  1.118  christos #pseudo-device	ipip		2	# IP Encapsulation within IP (RFC 2003)
    625   1.56     perry 
    626   1.56     perry # miscellaneous pseudo-devices
    627   1.54   thorpej pseudo-device	pty		64	# pseudo-terminals
    628   1.57  explorer #pseudo-device	tb		1	# tablet line discipline
    629  1.118  christos #pseudo-device	sequencer	1	# MIDI sequencer
    630  1.118  christos # rnd works; RND_COM does not on port i386 yet.
    631   1.54   thorpej #pseudo-device	rnd			# /dev/random and in-kernel generator
    632   1.58  explorer #options 	RND_COM			# use "com" randomness as well (BROKEN)
    633  1.118  christos 
    634  1.118  christos # a pseudo device needed for Coda	# also needs CODA (above)
    635  1.118  christos #pseudo-device	vcoda		4	# coda minicache <-> venus comm.
    636